This paper explores two important topics among the political parties and party system literature in Peru: The strength and stability of the political party system in the 80’s and the decade of the 90’s, better known as the «decade of the antipolitics». The contrast between the literature reviewed and the quantitative data from the 7 Municipal Elections, that took place among this time period, attempts to find if this phenomena occurred also at the subnational level. In the decade of the 80’s, the political party system stayed stable with rule of the four most important political parties (APRA, Acción Popular, Izquierda Unida y PPC); however, individually these political parties did not have the same performance. In the decade of the 90’s, the concept «in- dependent» did not fit equally among all the cases and together with the fujimorismo depicted the political scenario of the 90’s. / El presente artículo explora dos temas importantes en la literatura sobre partidos políticos y sistema de partidos en el Perú: la fortaleza y estabilidad del sistema de partidos en la década de los 80 y la década de los 90, más conocida como la «década de la antipolítica». El contraste entre la literatura revisada y los datos cuantitativos de las 7 elecciones municipales que tuvieron lugar a lo largo de este período de tiempo, propone buscar si dichos fenómenos se presentaron también en el nivel subnacional. En la década de los 80, el sistema de partidos políticos se mantuvo estable con el dominio de los cuatro grandes partidos (APRA, Acción Popular, Izquierda Unida y PPC); sin embargo, individualmente estos no tuvieron el mismo desempeño. En la década de los 90, la definición de «independiente» no encajó igualmente en todos los casos y junto con el fujimorismo caracterizaron el escenario político de los 90.

Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la mise en œuvre d'algorithmes auto-adaptatifs d'Intelligence Collective pour la résolution de problèmes d'optimisation modélisés dans un langage de Programmation par contraintes (PPC). Nous avons porté une attention particulière à la famille d'algorithmes de type " Ant Colony Optimization " (ACO). Nous avons développé trois contributions, à savoir : (1) Intégration des algorithmes de type ACO dans un langage de programmation par contraintes pour la résolution de problèmes de satisfaction de contraintes; (2) Proposition d'un algorithme hybride et générique où ACO est couplé à une approche complète pour résoudre des problèmes d'optimisation combinatoires (3) Proposition d'une stratégie capable d'adapter dynamiquement les paramètres de ACO.

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Basic and the most important terms closely connected with marketing strategy on the Internet are descibed in this diploma thesis. The practical part contains processed SWOT, market, competition and customer analysis. Online marketing strategy which should increase awareness of the brand of a particular company, test each form of promotion and in case of success to gain new orders is created on the basis of the evaluation of the environment and prospects of the company. A practical goal is removing weaknesses of the company found by means of SWOT analysis. At the same time the theme of this thesis can meet a practical usage fot the readers who search up-to-date knowledge for marketing of their companies in the same or similar business branch.

Tertiary education is undergoing and will go through many political, demographic, as well as market changes. These changes should lead universities to respond in a certain way to avoid existential problems that may ensue. One way is to use marketing tools for promotion of their educational programs. This thesis deals with the essence of marketing management of a university and its broader context of promoting the school outside. Identifies ways to effectively promote the university on the Internet with specific examples of internet marketing campaigns of Faculty of Management, University of Economics in Prague in order to increase demand for undergraduate education program at the faculty.

The diploma thesis deals with Citibank internet marketing analysis. The main goals of the diploma thesis are to identify strenghts and weaknesses of Citibank internet presence and to recommend development changes. These will be achieved mainly by performing analysis of web sites accessibility and usability, PPC advertising, search engine optimalization and social media marketing. Secondary goal is to evaluate internet marketing usage across the czech banking market which will be based on results of performed analysis.

The theory part of the thesis discusses internet marketing, its development and specifics. In addition, it discusses individual tools of internet marketing and measuring of their efficiency. The practical part focuses on using internet marketing in tourism, using as a case study Hastrman Boat Rental. Marketing activities of the rental place and of its competitors are analysed. On the basis of the theory findings acquired and the analysis made, a marketing strategy is proposed for the selected company.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current state of online marketing communication of LIP distribution, Ltd. and further recommendations for its improvement. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with a detailed overview of the possibilities that internet marketing offers - the most frequently used tools and their importance for the company. The practical part is devoted to analysis of the current state of internet marketing of the LIP distribution, Ltd. Much attention in the practical part is paid to an interview with the owner of the company, which makes the proposal to improve online marketing communications for this company viable.

Dissertation thesis deals with proposals of possible improvement in communication mix in selected company. The dissertation is divided into three main sections. The first section is theoretical research which is outlook for analysis of current situation of the company. Practical part's target is to suggest solution which will lead to improvement of company's marketing communication.

Diploma thesis focus on optimization of online marketing communication of Reinto company. Based on these analyzes, it is proposed optimization of existing online marketing communications including budget, risk analysis, time schedule, RACI matrix and other recommendation.