Diante da importância do tema, a pobreza de dados nacionais sobre a tuberculose em ovinos e a necessidade de aprofundamento de conhecimento sobre a aplicação das técnicas de diagnóstico pertinentes ao combate e erradicação da tuberculose animal, foi delineado o presente estudo. Esta pesquisa visou avaliar a melhor região corpórea e dose de derivado protéico purificado (PPD) bovino a ser aplicada em ovinos (Ovis aries) experimentalmente sensibilizados comMycobacterium bovis AN5 para diagnóstico de tuberculose. Utilizou-se 15 ovinos clinicamente sadios e negativos à prova de Tuberculina Cervical Comparativa (TCC), segundo os padrões estabelecidos por Cyrillo et al. (2007), em duas fases: primeira etapa avaliação do melhor local de aplicação do PPD bovino em ovinos; segunda etapa a partir do melhor local de aplicação, a dose de PPD bovino a ser aplicada. Imediatamente após a leitura do TCC de triagem inicial, os ovinos foram sensibilizados com o inóculo inativado de M. bovis estirpe AN5, e após um período de dessensibilização de 60 dias entre aplicações, realizou-se a avaliação de cinco regiões corpóreas, com a mensuração da espessura da dobra de pele efetuada nos momentos antes (0h) e após aplicação (12h, 24h, 48h, 72h e 96 horas). As análises estatísticas mostraram uma significância para os melhores locais de aplicação, a saber: regiões torácica dorsal, seguida da cervical média e abdominal dorsal em 48 e 72 horas após aplicação de PPD bovino. Eleita a região torácica dorsal (p=0,94) como o melhor local de aplicação, os resultados da reação frente às diferentes doses (0,05 mL; 0,1 mL e 0,2 mL), expressos em espessura da dobra de pele, indicaram que não houve diferenças significantes entre as doses e momentos de leitura, sendo recomendada a aplicação de 0,1 mL de PPD bovino e leitura com 72 horas após aplicação. / Given the importance of the topic, the paucity by National data of tuberculosis in sheep, and the need to deepen knowledge about diagnostic techniques application relevant to combat and eradication of animal tuberculosis, the present study was designed. This study aimed to evaluate the best body region and dose of bovine purified protein derivative (PPD b) to be used in sheep (Ovis aries) experimentally sensitized to Mycobacterium bovis AN5 to tuberculosis diagnoses. It was used 15 clinically healthy sheep and negative to the Comparative Cervical skin Test (CCT), according to standards established by Cyrillo et al. (2007), in two phases: first part - assessment of the best application area of bovine PPD in sheep; second part - from the best sites for the application, the best dose of bovine PPD to be applied. Immediately after reading the initial screening CCT, the animals were sensitized with the inoculation of inactivated M. bovis strain AN5, and after a 60 days period of desensitization between applications, was carried out an assessment of five body regions, the skin fold thickness was measured before (0h) and after injection (12h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 96 hours). Statistical analysis showed significance to the best site of application: dorsal thoracic region, followed by middle cervical and dorsal abdominal, according to 48 and 72 hours after injection of bovine PPD. Chosen the thoracic region (p = 0.94) as the best site for the application, results of reaction from different doses (0.05 mL, 0.1 mL, and 0.2 mL), expressed as skin fold thickness showed no significant differences between doses and times of measurement, it was recommended the application of 0.1 mL of bovine PPD and measure at time 72 hours after injection.

Diante da importância do tema, a pobreza de dados nacionais sobre a tuberculose em ovinos e a necessidade de aprofundamento de conhecimento sobre a aplicação das técnicas de diagnóstico pertinentes ao combate e erradicação da tuberculose animal, foi delineado o presente estudo. Esta pesquisa visou avaliar a melhor região corpórea e dose de derivado protéico purificado (PPD) bovino a ser aplicada em ovinos (Ovis aries) experimentalmente sensibilizados comMycobacterium bovis AN5 para diagnóstico de tuberculose. Utilizou-se 15 ovinos clinicamente sadios e negativos à prova de Tuberculina Cervical Comparativa (TCC), segundo os padrões estabelecidos por Cyrillo et al. (2007), em duas fases: primeira etapa avaliação do melhor local de aplicação do PPD bovino em ovinos; segunda etapa a partir do melhor local de aplicação, a dose de PPD bovino a ser aplicada. Imediatamente após a leitura do TCC de triagem inicial, os ovinos foram sensibilizados com o inóculo inativado de M. bovis estirpe AN5, e após um período de dessensibilização de 60 dias entre aplicações, realizou-se a avaliação de cinco regiões corpóreas, com a mensuração da espessura da dobra de pele efetuada nos momentos antes (0h) e após aplicação (12h, 24h, 48h, 72h e 96 horas). As análises estatísticas mostraram uma significância para os melhores locais de aplicação, a saber: regiões torácica dorsal, seguida da cervical média e abdominal dorsal em 48 e 72 horas após aplicação de PPD bovino. Eleita a região torácica dorsal (p=0,94) como o melhor local de aplicação, os resultados da reação frente às diferentes doses (0,05 mL; 0,1 mL e 0,2 mL), expressos em espessura da dobra de pele, indicaram que não houve diferenças significantes entre as doses e momentos de leitura, sendo recomendada a aplicação de 0,1 mL de PPD bovino e leitura com 72 horas após aplicação. / Given the importance of the topic, the paucity by National data of tuberculosis in sheep, and the need to deepen knowledge about diagnostic techniques application relevant to combat and eradication of animal tuberculosis, the present study was designed. This study aimed to evaluate the best body region and dose of bovine purified protein derivative (PPD b) to be used in sheep (Ovis aries) experimentally sensitized to Mycobacterium bovis AN5 to tuberculosis diagnoses. It was used 15 clinically healthy sheep and negative to the Comparative Cervical skin Test (CCT), according to standards established by Cyrillo et al. (2007), in two phases: first part - assessment of the best application area of bovine PPD in sheep; second part - from the best sites for the application, the best dose of bovine PPD to be applied. Immediately after reading the initial screening CCT, the animals were sensitized with the inoculation of inactivated M. bovis strain AN5, and after a 60 days period of desensitization between applications, was carried out an assessment of five body regions, the skin fold thickness was measured before (0h) and after injection (12h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 96 hours). Statistical analysis showed significance to the best site of application: dorsal thoracic region, followed by middle cervical and dorsal abdominal, according to 48 and 72 hours after injection of bovine PPD. Chosen the thoracic region (p = 0.94) as the best site for the application, results of reaction from different doses (0.05 mL, 0.1 mL, and 0.2 mL), expressed as skin fold thickness showed no significant differences between doses and times of measurement, it was recommended the application of 0.1 mL of bovine PPD and measure at time 72 hours after injection.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:32:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_sibele_borsuk.pdf: 16306468 bytes, checksum: 4743a54f442368d81ff802d8290c7cfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-28 / Mycobacterium bovis BCG has the potential to be an effective live vector for multivalent vaccines. However, there are two problems regarding the utilization of recombinant BCG as vaccine. The first one is that most mycobacterial cloning vectors rely on antibiotic resistance gene as selectable marker, which is used for genetic transformation. The second one is the limited use of BCG in animals because it interferes in the tuberculosis diagnosis by tuberculin skin test, which elicits delayed type hypersensitivity to the purified protein derivative (PPD). In this work we developed and evaluated the use of auxotrophic complementation as a new selectable marker, characterized the proteins that are present in the bovine and avium PPD and developed a knockout BCG strain by homologous recombination. To test the auxotrophic complementation as selectable marker, an auxotrophic BCG strain for the amino acid leucine was constructed by knocking out the leuD gene by homologous recombination. Expression of leuD on a plasmid acted as a selectable marker in the auxotrophic M. bovis BCG leuD and M. smegmatis mc2144. The auxotrophic complementation selection was similar to selection by antibiotic resistance, but with the advantage of promoting stability of the plasmid. The new system was highly stable even during in vivo BCG growth. The identification of proteins from PPD was archived by LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry). A total of 147 proteins among five PPD samples (2 bovine PPD and 3 avium PPD) were identified. The bovine PPD had a considerable higher number of proteins comparing to the avium PPD. We identifying a group of 28 proteins present only in bovine PPD and a group of five proteins deleted in M. bovis BCG vaccinal strain. These two groups are of special interest as they can be used in tests with improved specificity, and potentially able to differentiate vaccinated and infected individuals. A mutant BCG strain with the DPPD antigen deleted was constructed. The Mb0092 coding sequence was knocked out by homologous recombination. The 11 sequences flanking the target gene were cloned into a suicide vector. Double crossovers were selected using sacB. The knockout genotype was determined by PCR and by Southern blot. This mutant BCG strain can be useful in animal vaccination as it will not interfere in the tuberculosis diagnostic test, when performed using recombinant DPPD. The results show alternatives for the problems related to the use of M. bovis BCG as a recombinant vaccine. The auxotrophic complementation system was highly stable, efficient and it is suitable for expressing heterologous antigens in BCG. The identification of proteins present in PPD preparations and the mutant BCG obtained provide the possibility for the development of differential diagnostic test, thus allowing the use of BCG as vaccine also in animals. / Mycobacterium bovis BCG tem o potencial para ser um vetor efetivo para vacinas recombinantes multivalentes. No entanto, existem dois problemas quanto a sua utilização como vetor vacinal. O primeiro é a presença de genes que conferem resistência a antibióticos nos vetores utilizados para transformação genética. O segundo é a limitação de uso de BCG em animais, principalmente por comprometer o teste de tuberculina, utilizado como diagnóstico de tuberculose, o qual se baseia em reação de hipersensibilidade ao PPD (Derivado Protéico Purificado). Neste trabalho desenvolvemos e avaliamos a complementação auxotrófica como novo marcador de seleção, fizemos a caracterização das proteínas componentes de amostras de PPD aviário e bovino e desenvolvemos um mutante de BCG por recombinação homóloga. Para o uso de complementação auxotrófica como marcador de seleção, uma cepa de BCG auxotrófica para o aminoácido leucina foi construída por knockout do gene leuD por recombinação homóloga. A expressão do gene leuD em um plasmídio atuou como marcador de seleção nas cepas auxotróficas de M. bovis BCG leuD e M. smegmatis mc2144. A seleção por complementação de BCG auxotrófica se mostrou equivalente à seleção por resistência a antibiótico, com a vantagem adicional de proporcionar maior estabilidade do vetor plasmidial, já que a pressão seletiva é mantida mesmo durante multiplicação da bactéria in vivo. A identificação das proteínas que compõem o PPD foi feita por espectrometria de massa utilizando-se LCMS/ MS (cromatografia líquida associada à espectrometria de massa em tandem). Foram identificadas 147 proteínas entre 5 amostras de PPD (2 PPD bovino e 3 PPD aviário). O PPD bovino teve um número maior de proteínas comparado ao PPD aviário. Foi identificado um grupo de 28 proteínas presentes em PPD bovino, mas ausentes em PPD aviário. Além disso, 5 proteínas encontradas no PPD estão ausentes em M. bovis BCG. Estes são de 9 especial interesse, pois poderão vir a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um teste de diagnóstico mais específico, e possivelmente capaz de diferenciar indivíduo vacinado com BCG e infectado com o bacilo da tuberculose. Um mutante de M. bovis BCG Pasteur foi construído. O gene Mb0092 (dppd) foi alvo de inativação gênica por recombinação homóloga. Seqüências que flanqueiam o gene alvo foram clonadas em um vetor suicida. Duplo crossover foi selecionado utilizando sacB. O genótipo mutante foi determinado por PCR e por Southern blot. Esta cepa poderá ser utilizada como vacina em animais, quando o diagnóstico for feito com DPPD recombinante. Os resultados obtidos apresentam alternativas para os problemas envolvidos quanto à utilização de M. bovis BCG como vacina recombinante. O sistema de seleção por complementação auxotrófica foi estável, e pode ser empregado na expressão de antígenos heterólogos em BCG. A identificação dos principais componentes protéicos do PPD e o desenvolvimento da cepa mutante de BCG possibilitam o desenvolvimento de testes diagnósticos diferencias, permitindo a utilização de BCG como vacina também em animas.

This study explored newly qualified Clinical Psychologists’ (CPs) experiences of personal professional development (PPD) during doctoral training. In particular there was a focus on their experiences of their personal and professional identities. Within literature relevant to PPD in Clinical Psychology training, personal and professional development were largely conceptualised as separate processes. Yet models of reflective practice would suggest that an awareness of the personal self is necessary for effective clinical work. The research questions were ‘How do newly qualified CPs experience their personal and professional identities during doctoral training? and ‘How do they experience the boundary between their personal and professional development?’. To respond to these questions seven newly qualified CPs were interviewed regarding their experiences of their personal and professional identities during training. A qualitative research design was employed and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse the data. Three superordinate themes were identified within the data: Developing self-acceptance; Enhancing awareness of self and others; Taking risks and managing uncertainty. Within these results there was a strong message of an inextricable link between personal and professional identities. It seemed that participants started from a position of being themselves, and during training negotiated the dilemmas of learning a professional role. In order to do this they would often look to others for how to negotiate this process. Yet this process could create challenges, as bringing one’s personal self into the professional arena was not always seen as acceptable. If participants were able to show personal aspects of themselves this could make them feel vulnerable and, therefore, these processes held an element of uncertainty. Where participants were able to show their personal selves and felt validated, this allowed for developing self-acceptance. The implications for clinical training and the clients with whom CPs work are discussed.

No description available.

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur "Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme" der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Workshop-Thema: Mobilitaet Der Vortrag stellt das Common UNIX Printing System vor, das auf dem neuen Internet Printing Protokol Standard IPP beruht und diskutiert Einsatzmöglichkeiten im URZ der TU Chemnitz

Submitted by THALITA MASOTI BLANKENHEIM null (thalita09@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-29T13:08:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese completa.pdf: 5020011 bytes, checksum: 62948c1c86e4a7526cfcb52b6727ce24 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido não contém o certificado de aprovação. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-08-02T13:02:23Z (GMT) / Submitted by THALITA MASOTI BLANKENHEIM null (thalita09@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-02T13:25:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese completa.pdf: 5343558 bytes, checksum: 1f13fae981054aa6c9b971ed34381a84 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-02T17:06:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 blankenheim_tm_dr_jabo.pdf: 5343558 bytes, checksum: 1f13fae981054aa6c9b971ed34381a84 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T17:06:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 blankenheim_tm_dr_jabo.pdf: 5343558 bytes, checksum: 1f13fae981054aa6c9b971ed34381a84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-01 / A tuberculose causada pelo Mycobacterium bovis é uma importante doença dos bovinos e constitui um grande problema de saúde animal, podendo também atingir humanos. Para o diagnóstico da infecção, e para desencadear as medidas sanitárias decorrentes desse diagnóstico, o Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação de Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT) estabelece a utilização de testes intradérmicos de tuberculinização. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as respostas à tuberculina (PPD) aviária e à tuberculina bovina apresentadas por animais sensibilizados com inóculos inativados de M. bovis e de M. avium, e comparar os resultados do teste da prega caudal (TPC), do teste cervical simples (TCS) e do teste cervical comparativo (TCC) para diagnóstico da tuberculose bovina nos animais sensibilizados e em animais não sensibilizados. Os resultados mostraram que: a repetição dos testes não influiu na proporção de resultados positivos; houve animais sensibilizados com M. bovis que apresentaram reação até 500 dias após a sensibilização; em animais sensibilizados com M. avium, a especificidade do TCC foi superior à do TCS e à do TPC, e o TCC mostrou-se efetivo para discriminar reações induzidas pelo inóculo desse microrganismo; em animais sensibilizados com M. bovis, o TCC apresentou menor sensibilidade do que os outros dois testes; o ponto de corte do TCS e do TCC com melhor combinação de sensibilidade e especificidade foi inferior ao ponto adotado pelo PNCEBT para diagnóstico em animais naturalmente infectados; o TCS apresentou boa concordância com os outros dois testes, mas a concordância entre o TCC e o TPC foi apenas regular; as frequências das repostas às tuberculinas não apresentaram distribuição gaussiana, a não ser em alguns períodos pós-sensibilização ou então após transformação radicial ou logarítmica dos dados. / Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis is an important disease in cattle e a great problem for animal health that can reach humans. For the diagnosis of the infection and the consequent sanitary measures, the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) establish the use of intradermal tuberculin tests. The aim of this study was to analyze the response to the avian and bovine tuberculin (PPD) developed by cattle sensitized with inactivated inoculum of M. avium and M. bovis. Another aim was to compare the results of the caudal fold test (CFT), the comparative cervical test (CCT), and the simple cervical test (SCT) for tuberculosis diagnosis in the sensitize animals and in animals that have not been sensitized. Repetition of the tests did not influence the proportion of positive results. There were animals sensitized with M. bovis showing reaction up to more than 500 days post sensitization. In animals sensitized with M. avium, the specificity of the CCT was higher than that of CFT and SCT, and CCT was able to discriminate the unspecific reaction induced by M. avium inoculum. In animals sensitized with M. bovis, CCT had lower sensitivity than the other two tests. The SCT and CCT cut-off with the best combination of sensitivity and specificity was lower than that adopted by the PNCEBT for the tuberculosis diagnosis in naturally infected animals. SCT hat good agreement with the other two tests, but the agreement between CFT and CCT was only moderate. The frequency of the responses to tuberculin did not show Gaussian distribution, but in some post sensitization periods or after square root or logarithmic transformation of the data.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a complex mental health disorder that affects women during their childbearing years. It is a serious medical condition that occurs in approximately 13–20% of women after birth and has an adverse effect on both the mother and the infant. Certain dietary deficiencies in a pregnant or postnatal woman’s diet may cause postnatal depression. It is unclear whether Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are effective for treating or preventing PPD. Objectives: To assess the best available evidence to date regarding the effect of n-3 PUFAs on the etiology, prevention and treatment of postnatal depression. Methods: A systematic review and narrative synthesis was conducted in order to address the gaps in knowledge. For the systematic review, a broad search of electronic databases of published quantitative literature was conducted. Quality appraisal was performed using the tools produced by the effective public health practice project (EPHPP). The narrative synthesis consists of four elements: 1) developing a theory; 2) developing a preliminary synthesis; 3) exploring relationships in the data; 4) assessing the robustness of the synthesis. Results: Out of 181 potential articles, a total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The overwhelming majority of the studies found that n-3 PUFAs had no association with PPD evaluations versus only few ones observed a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFAs supplementation on depressive symptoms. Significant heterogeneity was observed among included studies which can be explained by dissimilar study designs, differences in study duration, time period of measurement and number of participants, and in varied dosages and types of supplemental n-3 PUFAs. Conclusions: Overall, This systematic review and narrative synthesis failed to find a significant positive association between n-3 PUFAs intake and PPD. However further investigation of the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the function of n-3 PUFAs in the brain and the factors related to the pathophysiological nature of depression is warranted.

Postpartum depression affects between 10 - 15% of all mothers within the first year after giving birth (Dietz, 2007; Epperson, 1999).  Studies that have focused on women's experiences of postpartum depression have found similar in experience of contrast between women's expectations of motherhood, and their actual experiences (Beck, 2002; Knudson-Martin & Silverstein, 2009; Mauthner, 1999).  Using a phenomenological approach, this study sought to explore women's experiences of contrast, understand how this experience contributed to their social construction of what motherhood meant, and ask if and how women might change the messages that they receive regarding being a mother. Seven women were recruited from a postpartum depression support group and interviewed in a focus-group setting.  Respondents noted that they experienced a great contrast between their expectations of motherhood and what they actually experienced.  These expectations, however, seemed ambiguous and generic.  Women reported that they were surprised by the amount of judgment and pressure they felt surrounding being a mother.  Participants seemed to challenge their preconceptions about being a mother by focusing on making choices that were best for them and their children and by allowing unhappy feelings to be compatible with their definition of a good mother.  Women in the study described wanting to hear messages that were honest and open about the realities of motherhood, both from the media and in their interactions with other women and loved ones.  Participants also seemed to feel strongly that more efforts should be made to reach out to new mothers. / Master of Science

As pessoas vivendo com HIV tÃm probabilidade aumentada de desenvolver, apresentar formar graves, ter cepas multirresistentes e morrer por tuberculose. A profilaxia para infecÃÃo latente por Mycobacteium tuberculosis (ILTB) diminui a chance de ativaÃÃo de tuberculose (TB) numa mÃdia de 62% nessa populaÃÃo. Entretanto, o diagnÃstico da TB na sua forma latente à controverso. O teste tuberculÃnico (TT) à o Ãnico exame aprovado no Brasil para avaliaÃÃo dessa infecÃÃo, embora existam problemas tanto na sua realizaÃÃo quanto na sua interpretaÃÃo. Exames de liberaÃÃo de interferon-gama foram criados recentemente com o objetivo de aumentar a especificidade e a praticidade da investigaÃÃo da ILTB. Esse estudo se propÃs a avaliar como vem sendo feita a investigaÃÃo da ILTB e o desempenho do TT e do QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QTF-GIT) em portadores de HIV. Foram selecionados ao todo 351 pacientes portadores de HIV e sem evidÃncia de TB ativa, admitidos em dois centros de referÃncia de Fortaleza-CE, no perÃodo de 2007-2010. Na admissÃo, 41,8% dos pacientes realizaram TT, 36,3% foram avaliados quanto a contato com TB e 28,4% tiveram radiografia de tÃrax. A profilaxia foi realizada para 73,3% dos pacientes com TT positivo. Houve diagnÃstico de ILTB em 25,3% dos pacientes de acordo com o TT e em 6,7% pelo QTF-GIT (p<0,001). A correlaÃÃo entre os resultados dos dois testes foi considerada fraca (k= -0,037). Resultado positivo do TT esteve associado com drogadiÃÃo (OR 7 CI: 1,53-32,11; p=0,01), contato com TB bacilÃfera (OR 13 CI: 2,7-62,83; p=0,001), profilaxia para ILTB prÃvia (OR 17,5 CI: 3,4-90,4; p<0,001), procedÃncia do interior do estado (OR 2,74 CI:1,04-7,22; p= 0,04). NÃo houve associaÃÃo entre QTF-GIT positivo e fatores de risco para TB. A mÃdia de contagem de linfÃcitos T CD4+ nos indivÃduos com TT positivo foi superior à mÃdia dos com TT negativo (535,8 vs. 373,4 cÃl/mm3; p=0,006), enquanto o inverso ocorreu em relaÃÃo ao QTF-GIT (277 vs. 438,3 cÃl/mm3; p= 0,055). A mÃdia do logaritmo da carga viral foi superior naqueles com QTF-GIT positivo (4,81 vs. 2,11 log10 cÃp/ml; p= 0,005). Mais da metade dos pacientes nÃo realizou TT, apesar da alta prevalÃncia de ILTB. O TT contou com maior nÃmero de testes positivos. O QTF-GIT mostrou-se superior para pacientes com elevada viremia e imunossupressÃo. Sugere-se o uso de ambos os testes de forma complementar para aumentar a chance de diagnÃstico de ILTB e diminuir os riscos de progressÃo da doenÃa. / People living with HIV have an enhanced chance to develop and to die of tuberculosis (TB). Many studies demonstrate that chemoprophylaxis for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reduces the progression to active TB. Indeed, the diagnosis of LTBI is controversial. In Brazil, the only test approved for use is the tuberculin skin test (TST), however, this test is complicated by several problems due to application and interpretation of the exam. Recently developed interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) using Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens have the advantage of decreased cross-reactivity and, therefore, increased specificity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adherence of LTBI diagnosis and to compare the results of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (QTF-GIT) and TST in a population of HIV-positive individuals from a country with high prevalence of TB. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 351 HIV patients without active tuberculosis, attending outpatient in two reference centers, from November 2007- 2010. At admission, 41.8% had realized TST, 36.3% had been interrogated about TB exposure and 28.4% had performed a chest X-ray. Chemoprophylaxis was offered to 73.3% of TST positive patients. The TST and QTF-GIT results were positive in 25.3% and 6.7% (p<0.001) of the individuals, respectively. The agreement between the two tests was poor (k= -0.037). Drug use (OR 7, 95% CI 1.5-32.1; p=0.01), TB exposure (OR 13, 95% CI 2.7-62.83; p=0.001), previous LTBI prophylaxis (OR 17.5, 95% CI 3.4-90.4; p<0.001), and living outside the state capÃtal (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1-7.2; p= 0.04) were associated with a positive TST result. There is no association between QTF-GIT positive result and risk factors for TB. TST positive individuals had a higher mean CD4+ cell count than those with TST negative result (535.8 cell/mm3 vs. 373.4 cell/mm3; p=0.006), in contrast to QTF-GIT positive result (277 cell/mm3 vs. 438.3 cell/mm3; p= 0.055). Higher viral load was associated with QTF-GIT positive result (4.8 log10 cop/ml vs. 2.1 log10 cop/ml; p= 0.005). Despite of Brazil being a country with a high burden of TB, more than half the patients have not realized TST, which appears to be more sensitive than QTF-GIT for diagnosis of LTBI. Otherwise, QTF-GIT shows better results in patients with advanced immunosuppression and high viral load. We suggest the use of both tests to increase LTBI diagnosis and decrease the risk of disease progression.