A pesquisa “Raízes para voar – caminhos para uma abordagem somática grounding” investiga a noção de grounding no corpo do performer. Tem como objetivo principal, constituir uma abordagem somática a partir da experiência com o grupo de estudos em grounding, formado especialmente para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa. O grounding pode ser entendido como “energia em relação”: um desejo por conexões dentro/fora do corpo e uma atitude que permite comunicação com a Terra. Este senso de grounding está relacionado ao suporte respiratório, ao movimento a partir do assoalho pélvico, à consciência do peso do corpo e do movimento a partir dos pés. Dentro das variadas funções do pé no movimento humano, destaca-se o poder de amortecer o impacto e propulsionar o peso do corpo. Esta dupla personalidade do pé promove o enraizamento necessário para que o corpo salte e suspenda sua massa. Neste sentido, o grounding pode ser descrito metaforicamente como raízes para voar. A abordagem somática entrelaça procedimentos da dança – destacando a influência dos artistas Rudolf Laban e Anna Halprin – e da educação somática (DOWD, 2007; ALEXANDER, 2010) buscando caminhos de acesso ao grounding. Neste sentido, busca-se problematizar a organização e facilitação de tais procedimentos ao grupo, de maneira que os participantes possam se apropriar do material, permitindo reverberar a experiência da pesquisa nos seus trabalhos como atores, terapeutas, músicos, bailarinos, etc. As vivências, registradas em vídeo e acompanhadas de relatos e dos diários de campo constituem a base da reflexão sobre o processo de apropriação de cada integrante, reconhecendo possíveis transformações pessoais. Configura-se como uma pesquisa sobre o processo, de caráter qualitativo, inserida na linha de pesquisa Processos de Criação Cênica do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. / The research "Roots to fly - ways to somatic approach of grounding" investigates the notion of grounding in the body of the performer. It is main purpose, constitute a somatic approach from the experience with the study group, formed especially for the development of this research. The grounding can be understood as "energy in relation": a desire for connections inside/outside the body and an attitude that allows communication with Earth. This sense of grounding is related to breath support, the movement from the pelvic floor, the consciousness of body weight and movement from the feet. Within the various functions of the human foot in motion, there is the power to cushion the impact and propel the weight of the body. This dual personality of the foot promotes rooting necessary to jump and suspend its mass. In this sense, the grounding can be described, metaphorically, as roots to fly. The approach interweaves procedures of dance and somatic education, seeking ways to access the grounding. The research seek to problematize the organization and facilitation of such procedures to the group in such a way that participants can take ownership of the material, allowing reverberate experience of the research in their work as actors, therapists, musicians, dancers, etc.. The experiences, recorded on video and accompanying reports and journals form the basis of reflection on the process of ownership of each member, recognizing possible personal transformations. It configures as a qualitative research process, inserted in the line of research Scenic Creation Processes of the “Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas” at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.

A copresença corresponde ao conjunto de pessoas que compartilham um espaço comum - não necessariamente interagindo entre si - e o seu estudo procura entender como o espaço que as permeia interfere na maneira como elas se movem, param, encontram outras pessoas e tem seu comportamento regulado pela presença de outros. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi, portanto, explicar os padrões da copresença em ruas a partir de seus atributos espaciais, buscando, especificamente, identificá-los e hierarquizá-los. Para isso, o fenômeno foi abordado a partir da análise dos padrões espaciais estabelecidos em segmentos de rua de loteamentos residenciais dispersos de cidades médias brasileiras, fazendo uso da análise configuracional da forma urbana – especificamente sintaxe espacial – e das diferenciações espaciais promovidas pelas atividades urbanas e pela permeabilidade física e visual entre espaços públicos e privados. Tinha-se como questão de pesquisa: quais as características espaciais influentes para a copresença em espaços públicos de loteamentos residenciais dispersos? A hipótese era que a copresença, nesse contexto sócio-espacial, seria influenciada, sobretudo, pelos atributos morfológicos configuracionais, os quais informam os potenciais de encontro social no sistema espacial da cidade Foram analisados dois loteamentos residenciais dispersos na cidade de Santa Maria (RS), com características espaciais diferenciadas e padrões de copresença próprios. A metodologia utilizada teve enfoque quantitativo, sendo utilizados modelos de regressão linear generalizados (MLGs) para inferência das relações entre as variáveis independentes e cada variável dependente, no caso, a copresença categorizada em pedestres parados e em movimento, em dias típicos (terças, quartas e quintasfeiras) e atípicos (domingos). Os atributos morfológicos configuracionais tiveram significância estatística para quase todos os modelos de regressão, validando a hipótese para o loteamento 1. No loteamento 2, a copresença foi melhor explicada pelas atividades urbanas. Os resultados referentes à permeabilidade física e visual mostraram-se inconclusivos em ambas as áreas de estudo. / Co-presence corresponds to the group of people who share a common space - not necessarily interacting with each other - and its study aims to understand how the space that permeates them interferes in the way they move, stop, find other people and have their behavior regulated by the presence of others. The main objective of this research was therefore to explain the patterns of copresence in streets from their spatial attributes, specifically seeking to identify them and to hierarchize them. The approach of the phenomenon was quantitative and based on the analysis of spatial patterns established in street segments of dispersed residential neighborhoods of Brazilian medium-sized cities, making use of configurational analysis of urban form - specifically space syntax - and spatial differentiation generated by urban activities and by physical and visual permeability between public and private spaces. The research question was: which spatial characteristics influence co-presence in public spaces of dispersed residential neighborhoods? The hypothesis was that co-presence would be influenced mainly by the configurational morphological attributes, which inform the potential of social encounter in the city's spatial system Two dispersed residential neighborhoods with different spatial characteristics and unique co-presence patterns were analyzed in Santa Maria city (RS). The methodology used generalized linear models (GLMs) to infer relations between the independent variables and each dependent variable: in this case, the co-presence categories of stationary and moving pedestrians on typical days (Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays) and atypical days (Sundays). The configurational morphological attributes had statistical significance for almost all regression models, validating the hypothesis for neighborhood 1. In neighborhood 2, co-presence was mainly explained by urban activities. The results regarding physical and visual permeability were inconclusive for both study areas.

Dans cette recherche, nous présentons le concept de «Réalité Évoquée» (« Evoked Reality ») afin d'essayer de relier différentes notions entourant la présence et la réalité au sein d'un cadre commun. Nous introduisons et illustrons le concept en tant que « illusion de la réalité » (Réalité Évoquée) qui évoque un « sentiment de présence » (Présence Évoquée) dans nos esprits. Nous distinguons les concepts de « Réalité Média-Évoquée » et « Réalité Auto-Évoquée » et nous les définissons clairement. Le concept de « Réalité Évoquée » nous permet d'introduire un modèle tripolaire de la réalité, qui remet en cause le modèle classique des deux pôles. Nous présentons également un modèle graphique appelé « Reality-Presence Map » (Carte Réalité-Présence) qui nous permet de localiser et d'analyser toutes les expériences cognitives concernant la présence et la réalité. Nous explorons également les qualia et la subjectivité de nos expériences de Réalité Évoquée. Deux expériences ont été réalisées : l'une dans le domaine de la Réalité Média-Évoquée et l'autre dans celui de l'Auto-Évoquée. Les expériences nous ont permis de valider nos hypothèses et de réaliser que nos recherches empiriques pouvaient encore être poussées plus loin encore. Enfin, nous illustrons les différentes implications et nous examinons les applications et les utilisations possibles de notre concept, en particulier dans le domaine de la recherche sur la présence. En outre, nous proposons d'étendre la recherche sur la présence au-delà du domaine de la réalité virtuelle et des moyens de communication et de l'étudier dans une perspective plus large que celle des sciences cognitives. Nous sommes convaincus que ce concept de Réalité Évoquée et le modèle proposé peuvent avoir des applications significatives dans l'étude de la présence et dans l'exploration des possibilités qui dépassent la réalité virtuelle. / In this research, we introduce the concept of "Evoked Reality" in an attempt to bring together various ideas on presence and reality onto a common platform. The concept we propose and illustrate is in fact an 'illusion of reality' (Evoked Realty) that simply evokes a 'sense of presence' (Evoked Presence) in our minds. We clearly define and differentiate between a Media-Evoked and a Self-Evoked Reality. That helped us introduce the Three Pole Reality Model that redefines the classical Two Pole Reality Model. We also present a graphical model called Reality-Presence Map, which would help us locate and analyse every possible cognitive experience relating to presence and reality. We also explore the qualia and subjectivity of our experiences of Evoked Reality. Two experiments were conducted, one in the area of Media-Evoked Reality and one in Self-Evoked Reality. The experiments in fact lead to fruitful conclusions regarding our hypotheses and help us understand what could be further empirically studied. Ultimately, we illustrate different implications and shed light on prospective applications and uses of our concept, especially in the area of research on presence. In addition, we strongly suggest that we must open up presence research beyond the domain of virtual reality and communication media, and examine it from a broader perspective of cognitive science. We strongly believe that this concept of Evoked Reality and the proposed model may have significant applications in the study of presence, and in exploring the possibilities beyond virtual reality.

Les domaines de la réalité virtuelle et du jeu vidéo convoquent les problématiques émotionnelles dans leurs objectifs respectifs de présence et de flow zone. Cependant, la question des méthodologies d'induction d'émotions dans les environnements virtuels de ces médiums n'a pas été largement questionnée. Après avoir défini ce que sont les émotions dans la littérature philosophique, psychologiste et physiologiste, nous cherchons à montrer les liens supposés existants entre l'émotion et les états extatiques de présence en réalité virtuelle et de flow zone dans les jeux vidéo. Nous commençons donc par montrer combien le niveau de connaissance des médiums peut influencer la sensibilité aux inductions d'émotions dans les environnements virtuels. Puis nous mettons en place une stratégie inductive d'émotions basée sur une gestion itérative des niveaux de challenge en lien avec les niveaux de compétences acquises.Nous avons validé au travers de deux expériences empiriques ayant impliquées 176 participants, une méthodologie d'induction d'émotions basée sur un schéma circomplexe. Ce schéma, construit autour de la valence et le niveau d'activation des émotions, permet d'induire des émotions dans les cinq composantes essentielles de la conception d'environnements virtuels pour la réalité virtuelle ou les jeux vidéo : la chromatique, la luminosité, la vitesse des mouvements, la dimension des espaces et le volume des interactions sociales.Mots clés : réalité virtuelle, jeu vidéo, émotions, présence, flow zone. / The fields of virtual reality and video games summon the emotional issues in their respective goals of presence and flow area. However the question of methodologies for inducing emotions in virtual environments in these mediums has not yet been widely questioned. After defining what emotions are in the philosophical, as in psychologist and physiologist literature, we seek to show existing links between emotion and states of presence in virtual reality and flow zone in video games. We show how the level of knowledge of the mediums may influence susceptibility to induction of emotions in virtual environments. Then we define a way of inducing emotions based on an iterative level management challenge in relation to the skill level.We validated through two empirical experiments that involved 176 participants a methodology for inducing emotions based on a circumplex pattern. This scheme built around the valence and arousal level of emotion, able to induce emotions in the five essential items component of the design of virtual environments for virtual reality and video games: color, brightness, movement speed, size of the space, and the volume of social interactions.Keywords: virtual reality, video games, emotions, presence, flow area.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-08-04T14:17:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Milton Roberto da Silva Braga Martins_.pdf: 18527541 bytes, checksum: 26bc6922452c3dffcf60b83e3d97d14a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T14:17:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Milton Roberto da Silva Braga Martins_.pdf: 18527541 bytes, checksum: 26bc6922452c3dffcf60b83e3d97d14a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-29 / Nenhuma / O presente estudo analisa como os filmes insinuam e produzem efeitos de presença e ausência a partir das materialidades fílmicas (tecnologia, técnica e estética). Afirma o ser dos filmes e considera que eles possuem memória e uma duração que lhe são próprias, destacando, também, o trabalho de uma dupla distância que se dialetiza e que em inter-relação com a percepção, a memória e as propriedades fílmicas tramam presenças e ausências. Utiliza para esse determinado fim, o método intuitivo bergsoniano, a metodologia da cartografia e a dissecação. Autentica e disserta sobre duas constelações que destacam formas de procedimento pelos quais os filmes insinuam presença e ausência: a constelação de rastros e vestígios e a constelação de movimentos rítmicos. Através dessas constelações descobrimos os modos de atuação da imagem fílmica que alterna ora o longínquo e o próximo, a presença e a ausência, ou ainda, a visibilidade e a invisibilidade. A pesquisa tem como corpus os seguintes filmes: A Árvore da Vida (The tree of life, 2011), de Terrence Malick; Biutiful (Biutiful, 2010), de Alejandro González Iñárritu; e 2046: Os Segredos do Amor (2046, 2004), de Wong Kar Wai; e fundamenta-se nos seguintes teóricos: Bergson, Gumbrecht, Didi-Huberman, Eisenstein e Walter Benjamin. / This study examines how films insinuate and produce effects of presence and absence from the filmic materialities (technology, technique and aesthetics). It is claimed the being of the movies and considered that they have memory and a duration specific to it, highlighting also the work of a double distance that dialectizes and in interrelation with perception, memory and filmic properties that weave presences and absences. It uses for this particular purpose, the Bergson's method of intuition, the cartographic methodology and the "dissection". Authenticates and discusses two constellations that emphasize forms of procedure for whom the films insinuate presence and absence: the constellation of footprints and trace amounts and the constellation of rhythmic movements. Through these constellations we discover the performance modes of filmic image that switches the far and the near, the presence and absence, or yet, visibility and invisibility. The set of films analyzed for this research are: The tree of life, by Terrence Malick, 2011; Biutiful, by Alejandro González Iñárritu, 2010; e 2046, by Wong Kar Wai, 2004.

Este trabalho é desenvolvido sob uma perspectiva da Análise do Discurso, sobretudo os trabalhos de Foucault e Maingueneau, e tem uma espécie de etnografia virtual (THOMSEN et al., 1998) como metodologia para coleta do material que compõe o corpus. Essa etnografia acontece em um curso online voltado para formação de professores de inglês. O curso reúne cinco participantes alunos, um tutor, e uma série de observadores. É realizado um trabalho de campo por todo o ambiente do curso online (chats, emails, portfólios) para observação não-participativa e reflexiva e para coleta de dados a partir dos quais é feito o recorte do corpus que é analisado discursivamente. Tirando proveito de sua característica interdisciplinar, junto a alguns dos principais conceitos da Análise do Discurso trabalhamos alguns outros, entre os quais destacamos a noção de efeitos de presença. Construímos a hipótese de que diferentes modos de presença podem indicar diferentes mecanismos disciplinares, nos quais a visibilidade dos corpos presentes constitui um fator estratégico de exercício e resistência. Nesse sentido, a reflexão acerca dos efeitos de presença é muito produtiva na constituição do dispositivo de análise usado para compreender as relações que se estabelecem entre os sujeitos, bem como o exercício do poder disciplinar em um ambiente virtual como o que está em análise neste trabalho. Para a análise discursiva da presente dissertação, os efeitos de presença estão sempre ligados a um acontecimento discursivo aqui e agora, tornando mais ou menos visíveis os sujeitos que exercem o poder e aqueles sobre os quais ele é exercido. Em outras palavras, em alguma medida, compreender os efeitos de presença no evento discursivo é também compreender certos domínios das relações de poder e das relações entre sujeitos que nem sempre se mostram tão evidente aos olhos. Levar em conta que há um nível de presença contingente dos 6 sujeitos e do poder que por vezes escapam à captura do que é possível ver ou tocar pode contribuir para a análise discursiva das relações de poder no ciberespaço. Tal análise se orienta pela tentativa de responder quais são as estratégias de exercício de poder disciplinar no curso online voltado para formação de professores de inglês e como se constituem os sujeitos no referido ambiente virtual. Tais perguntas, por sua vez, convergem para o objetivo de compreender a articulação entre os efeitos de presença, a constituição de subjetividades e as relações de poder que se estabelecem no curso online para professores de inglês. Sob a perspectiva teórica adotada, refletimos sobre como essas relações se estabelecem ou são materializadas no recorte que é feito aqui, focalizando o caso particular do chat e das interações via email, além da própria arquitetura virtual do curso online. / This dissertation is developed from the perspective of Discourse Analysis, namely the work of Foucault and Maingueneau, and has a type of virtual ethnography (THOMSEN et al., 1998) as methodology to collect the material that constituted the corpus. This ethnographic work comes to be in an online course that was meant to be a pre-service course or the initial part of the continuing education of teacher of English. The course gathers several participants, five of which are students, one is a tutor, and there are others who play the role of observers. However, not all interactions were observed, only the ones involving the tutor and the students. There is field work throughout the online course environment (chatroom, email boxes, portfolios) seeking for reflective and non-participatory observation for data collection, from which we constitute the corpus. In an attempt to make good use of the interdisciplinary feature of discourse analysis, we bring other references to work with some of its key concepts. Among these other references, the notion of presence effects should be highlighted. We elaborated the hypothesis that different modes of presence can indicate different disciplinary mechanisms, in which the visibility of bodies is a strategic factor for the exercise of power and resistance. In this sense, the debate about the presence effects is very productive for the constitution of the analysis apparatus that is used to understand the power relationships established between subjects as well as the exercises of disciplinary power in a virtual environment such as the one under consideration in this work. As far as this dissertation is concerned, the presence effects are always implied in a discursive event (attached to here and now), making subjects who exercise power and those over whom it is exercised more or less visible. In other words, to some extent, understanding the presence effects in a given discursive 8 event also means to understand certain grounds of power relations and relations between subjects. This dissertation attempts to answer two questions mainly. Firstly, what are the strategies for the exercise of disciplinary power in the online course that was observed? Secondly, how are subjects constituted in such virtual environment? We articulate these questions together so they can converge to the goal of understanding the relationship between the effects of presence, the formation of subjectivities and the power relations that are established in the online course for teachers of English. From the theoretical perspective adopted here, we reflect on how these relationships are established or how they are materialized in the online course, focusing on its very architecture, and on the particular cases of interactions via chat and email.

abstract: This mixed methods study examined instructor introduction videos for use in online learning. This study intended to identify the influence of video production value on student perceptions of student-instructor intent, specifically in the areas of perceived student-instructor communication and student-instructor connection. This study also examined which production style most accurately aligns student perceptions with instructor intent as well as which video production style is preferred by students. Using a set of production guidelines, an instructor produced two introduction videos; one of low production value, one of high production value. Student participants were surveyed on their perceptions of the instructor as featured in both videos. The instructor was interviewed using similar questions in order to identify instructor intent and compare instructor intent to student perceptions. Analysis of data showed that there was no statistical difference between video production value in students’ perceived student-instructor connection or student-instructor communication when compared to the instructor’s intent in the same areas. Data analysis also showed that a high production value was more accurate in portraying instructor intent, however a low production value was preferred by students and portrayed the instructor more positively. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2019

Extensive interdisciplinary common factor research has identified the therapeutic relationship as a consistent factor influencing therapeutic outcomes. We use Polyvagal and Interpersonal Neurobiology (IPNB) theories to guide an examination of the physiological mechanisms at work in the therapeutic relationship. Both Polyvagal and IPNB theories provide understandings about how humans are neurophysiologically wired for social connection. Each points to a sense of safety as being essential for meaningful connection to occur and clarifies that physiological attunement is an observable indicator of interpersonal connection. In this study, we use these theories to guide an examination of therapist physiological influence on clients in couple therapy, using continuous in-session data collection of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) for 22 heterosexual married couples and their therapist. Data were modeled in a multi-level path analytic framework to account for within-individual and within-couple effects. Results indicated that therapist RSA does not significantly predict lagged client RSA. A discussion of potential limitations, suggestions for therapists and recommendations for future study is included.

Bakgrund: Kvinnan i förlossningsarbete har haft stöd vid sin sida genom alla tider. För att få en så omfattande förståelse som möjligt av begreppet ”stöd till kvinnor i förlossningsarbete” genomfördes en begreppsanalys. Syfte: Syftet med begreppsanalysen var att definiera begreppet ”barnmorskans stöd till kvinnor i förlossningsarbete” genom syntes av texter hämtat från litteratur och intervjuer med svenska barnmorskor. Metod: En begreppsanalys med hybridmodell. Först en teoretisk fas med litteratursökning, därefter en fältstudiefas där fem barnmorskor intervjuades följt av en syntes med identifikation av begreppets kännetecken utifrån den teoretiska fasen och fältstudiefasen. Resultatdelen avslutas med fallbeskrivningar. Resultat: Barnmorskor ser hög närvaro och lyhördhet tillsammans med information och individualisering som viktiga delar av stödet till kvinnor i förlossningsarbete. Detta skapar tillsammans trygghet och tillit i relationen mellan barnmorskan och kvinnan. Slutsats: I detta examensarbete framkom fem empiriska kännetecken på stöd till kvinnor i förlossningsarbete. Utan de empiriska kännetecken, Trygghet, Information, Lyhördhet, Närvaro, Individualisering, kan inte känslan av stöd uppstå hos kvinnan i relationen mellan kvinnan och partnern/närstående och barnmorskan och kvinnan i förlossningsarbete. Klinisk tillämpbarhet: Barnmorskelitteraturen bör revideras så att närvaron i rummet av barnmorskan lyfts som ett kännetecken på stöd i samma grad som information och övriga kännetecken på stöd. Kunskap kring stöd kan utvecklas kliniskt genom exempelvis workshops på arbetsplatsen. / Background: Women in labor have had support by their sides through all times. In order to gain as wide understanding as possible of the concept of ' support for women in labor, a concept analysis was carried out. Objective: The purpose of the concept analysis was to define the concept of "support to women in labor by midwives" through the synthesis of texts from literature and interviews with Swedish midwives. Method: A concept analysis with a hybrid model. First, a theoretical phase with literature search was performed, then a field study phase where five midwives were interviewed followed by a synthesis identifying attributes of the concept from the theoretical phase and the field study phase. The result ends with case descriptions. Result: Midwives see high presence and sensitivity along with information and individualisation as important parts of the support for women in labor. This together creates security and trust in the relationship between the midwife and the woman. Conclusion: In this thesis five empirical characteristics of support were revealed; security, information, sensitivity, presence and individualisation. Without these empirical characteristics, the sense of support cannot arise in the relationship between the woman and the partner/relatives and the midwife and the woman in labor. Clinic´s applicability: Midwifery literature should be revised so that the midwife´s presence in the room is lifted as a sign of support to the same degree as information and other characteristics of support. Knowledge of support as a concept can be developed and implemented in clinical setting through workshops in the workplace.

Over the past few years, video games have served as a catalyst for virtual reality (VR) technology to become more accessible to the average consumer, resulting in an increased interest in VR’s potential applications across several disciplines. To best capitalize on these applications, however, researchers require a thorough understanding of the user’s experience in virtual environments. And while many studies on VR experiences tend to focus on presence, video games offer another angle of approach: immersion. This study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the relationships between the VR experience of presence and the gaming experience of immersion. First, a focus group of individuals with VR gaming experience explored variables impacting presence. Then a survey questionnaire consisting of items from the multimodal presence scale (MPS), Jennett et al.’s (2008) immersion questionnaire, and the focus group was distributed online. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using factor analysis and linear regression to explore the relationships between presence and immersion. Results of the analysis identified involvement to be an important factor impacting a user’s perceived presence in a VR gaming experience.