The contemporary world of work is undergoing far-reaching changes as a result of global economic developments and technological progress. This has necessitated an appraisal of the school curriculum in order to identify the life skills necessary for vocational success. As the concept of a lifetime career has become obsolete, the accent has shifted to a life chance approach in education. This approach emphasises the wide repertoire of life skills required by learners for successful participation in a range of career possibilities and in the sphere of their personal lives, the two being perceived as inseparable. A literature survey investigated the development of professional careers in historical perspective, the contribution of developmental theorists regarding trends in contemporary career progression, various dimensions of success and what motivates successful men and women in their public and private domains. Furthermore, the adjustments required by dual career couples were examined. Various dimensions of life skills for lifespan competence were investigated, with particular reference to South African society. The life orientation approach currently advocated by the new curriculum in South Africa was briefly described. A qualitative study of the life histories of twelve professionals, forty five years and over was conducted in natural settings in order to explore the life skills responsible for career and personal success. Semi-structured interviews elicited descriptive data from participants, selected by judgement sampling. Data was analysed, discussed and synthesised. The major findings emanated: Success in public and private domains was only possible if a balance between them was maintained. Family background, values and educational experiences created a facilitating environment which contributed to early character development. Certain enabling attributes were essential to achieve both career success and self-fulfilment, even among the less privileged participants. Personal obstacles were confronted and managed. Self-discipline, time management and the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle was vital. The interpenetration of public and private domains was emphasised. A sound work ethic and healthy interpersonal relationships with family, colleagues and the community were crucial. Middle and late adulthood emerged as periods of continuing, dynamic self-development. Based on these findings, recommendations for relevant life skills education were proposed. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnnaRBE_DISSERT_Pag1_ate_Pag121.pdf: 2780046 bytes, checksum: a70d9ca329134b41a2d1079c596db8b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-16 / Funda??o de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo / The career of civil engineer Henrique de Novaes, a remarkable figure in the academic, technical and political fields, demonstrates its extensive and relevant work across Brazil in the first half of the twentieth century. It covered from the design of water supply and sewage works, road and rail transport networks, works against drought in the Northeast, hydroelectric and harbor facilities to the urbanization planning and architectural projects, which displays a systematic and multiple production. City and territory conformed to his fields of verification, practical and above all, transformation. The search for understanding of the inclusion of a social actor in this process thus contributes to the specific analysis of the doings of Henrique de Novaes, who graduated at Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro in 1906. From a polymorphic activity in different scales, one tries to figure how, through academic education or professional practice, urban history in Brazil can be told or built. The introduction of technological innovations matched the purposes of planning and urban sprawl, as well as met the specifications of regulation and institutionalization of public infrastructure services at the time. The overall plans proposed by the engineer thought of the city as a whole, interconnected to the structural networks. At the same time, the knowledge of a larger physical scale the territory bounces back in the urban in a relationship of reciprocity and completeness. The objective research, therefore, tries to understand the roles played by Henrique de Novaes s works and academic education in the accomplishment of systematic modernization of Brazilian urban space and territory, recovering a little known historical figure by current historiography. It is proposed, as methodological axis, that the study of this professional career configures itself as an essential element for understanding the idea of progress embodied in the technical studies and proposals for improvements and sanitation nationwide in the first half of the twentieth century . The primary sources for the construction of this analysis were technical articles in journals of the period ( Clube de Engenharia , Via??o e Revista Brasileira de Engenharia ), and technical reports, government messages, newspaper articles published at the time, autobiographical reports and the engineer s verbal communications with relatives. The work is structured in three chapters: "Biographical traces, academic education and 'technical and political' activities" illustrates the initiation into the technical, public and political environment; Chapter 2, "Technique and territory" outlines his network understanding through sanitation and transport services; Chapter 3 "Technique and City" describes the influence of polytechnics knowledge on the propositions of modernization of cities; Finally, "Final Thoughts: An Evaluation," presents an overview of the affiliations and practice of an engineer in the different scales, and its contribution to the modernization of Brazilian urban and territorial space / A trajet?ria profissional do engenheiro civil Henrique de Novaes, uma figura de relev?ncia no meio acad?mico, t?cnico e pol?tico, demonstra sua extensa e relevante atua??o pelo Brasil, na primeira metade do s?culo XX. Abrangeu desde a concep??o de redes de abastecimento d ?gua, de esgoto e de transporte ferrovi?rio e rodovi?rio; obras contra as secas no Nordeste, hidroel?tricas e portu?rias ? elabora??o de planos de urbaniza??o e de projetos arquitet?nicos, o que evidencia uma produ??o sistematizada e m?ltipla. A cidade e o territ?rio conformaram-se, pois, como seus campos de verifica??o, de pr?tica e, sobretudo, de transforma??o. A procura pela compreens?o da inser??o de um ator social nesse processo concorre, assim, para a an?lise espec?fica da atua??o de Henrique de Novaes, formado pela Escola Polit?cnica do Rio de Janeiro em 1906. A partir de uma atividade polimorfa, em distintas escalas, tenta-se responder de que forma, por meio de uma forma??o ou de uma pr?tica profissional, pode-se contar ou construir a hist?ria urbana brasileira. A introdu??o de inova??es tecnol?gicas combinou-se ?s finalidades de ordenamento e de expans?o urbana, bem como, respondeu aos objetivos de regula??o e de institucionaliza??o dos servi?os de infraestrutura p?blica ? ?poca. Os planos de conjunto propostos pelo engenheiro pensaram a cidade como um todo interligado ?s redes estruturais. Ao mesmo tempo em que, em sua trajet?ria, o conhecimento de uma escala f?sica mais ampla o territ?rio se rebate no urbano em uma rela??o de reciprocidade e de complementa??o. A pesquisa objetiva, portanto, entender o papel da forma??o e da obra de Henrique de Novaes na concretiza??o de a??es sistematizadas de moderniza??o do espa?o urbano e territorial brasileiro, recuperando um sujeito hist?rico pouco conhecido pela historiografia corrente. Prop?e-se, como eixo metodol?gico, que o estudo desse percurso profissional configura-se elemento essencial para a compreens?o dos ide?rios de progresso materializados nos estudos t?cnicos e nas propostas de melhorias e de saneamento, em ?mbito nacional, na primeira metade do s?culo XX. As fontes prim?rias utilizadas para a constru??o dessa an?lise foram artigos de revistas t?cnicas do per?odo (Clube de Engenharia, Via??o e Revista Brasileira de Engenharia), pareceres e relat?rios t?cnicos, mensagens de governo, artigos de jornais publicados ? ?poca, relatos autobiogr?ficos e comunica??es verbais com familiares do engenheiro. O trabalho est? estruturado em tr?s cap?tulos: Tra?os biogr?ficos, forma??o profissional e atua??o t?cnico-pol?tica ilustra a inicia??o no meio t?cnico, p?blico e pol?tico; o Cap?tulo 2 T?cnica e territ?rio esbo?a a sua compreens?o de rede por meio dos servi?os de saneamento e de transportes; j? o Cap?tulo 3 T?cnica e Cidade aborda a influ?ncia do saber polit?cnico nas proposi??es de moderniza??o das cidades; e, por ?ltimo, Considera??es Finais: um balan?o , tra?a um panorama das filia??es e da pr?tica do engenheiro, nas distintas escalas, e sua contribui??o para o processo de moderniza??o do espa?o urbano e territorial brasileiro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This thesis aims to analyze the careers, conflict and professional practice of social workers who work in Social Assistance Reference Centers - CRAS Aracaju. With regard specifically to social workers who participate in professional actions for vulnerable groups, which will later be classified as individuals at risk and social vulnerability, which are attended these social service centers. To realize this goal, we need to understand the social and historical conditions that made possible the emergence of this profession in Brazil, as well as analyze the inclusion of these professionals in the construction of public affairs and public policy, which shows a concern with the social condition of these individuals who are in a situation of risk and social vulnerability. You need to identify too, as these professionals organized around this issue, and later in these policies. As they have been entered in these social service centers, which their social and professional purpose, what is the position of these professionals facing the development of public policies for actors who have in its history a large number of social deficits, as is the exemplary case of children and adolescents classified at risk or social vulnerability, as there are elderly, disabled, and other groups that may need support care for face even occasionally, some kind of social risk. Therefore, I will analyze social workers who present themselves as professionals who fight for social causes, as I will analyze the social representations that these professionals have of themselves and the social world of which they are part, and trying to understand how to establish and how to maintain the relationship between professional and public policy. What are the dilemmas and conflicts faced by these professionals in their respective workplaces, which are public policy operators, but are also a kind of government tax, tax those that carry as a professional and social cause the guarantee of social welfare, promotion of social rights and the inviolability of social rights, guaranteed by the State and monitored by the social worker. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar as carreiras, os conflitos e a atuação profissional de assistentes sociais que atuam em Centros de Referência de Assistência Social – CRAS de Aracaju. Tratando-se especificamente de assistentes sociais que participam de ações profissionais voltadas para grupos vulneráveis, que posteriormente serão classificados como indivíduos em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social, que são atendidos nestes centros de assistência social. Para dar conta de tal objetivo, é preciso compreender as condições sociais e históricas que possibilitaram o surgimento desta profissão no Brasil, assim como, analisar a inserção destes profissionais no âmbito da construção das causas públicas e das políticas públicas, que demonstra uma preocupação com a condição social destes indivíduos que se encontram em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social. É preciso identificar também, como estes profissionais se organizaram em torno dessa problemática, e posteriormente nestas políticas. Como eles foram inseridos nestes centros de assistência social, qual a sua finalidade social e profissional, qual a posição destes profissionais frente à elaboração de políticas públicas voltadas para atores que possuem em sua trajetória um grande número de déficits sociais, assim como é o caso exemplificativo de crianças e adolescentes classificadas em situação de risco ou vulnerabilidade social, assim como, existem idosos, deficientes físicos, e outros grupos que podem necessitar de suporte assistencial por enfrentarem mesmo que pontualmente, algum tipo de situação de risco social. Portanto, irei analisar assistentes sociais que se apresentam como profissionais que lutam por causas sociais, assim como, irei analisar as representações sociais que estes profissionais têm de si mesmo e do mundo social do qual eles fazem parte, além de tentar compreender como se estabelece e como se mantêm a relação entre profissional e política pública. Quais os dilemas e conflitos enfrentados por estes profissionais em seus respectivos locais de trabalho, que são operadores de políticas públicas, mas que também são uma espécie de fiscais do governo, fiscais estes que carregam como causa profissional e social a garantia do bem estar social, promoção dos direitos sociais e a inviolabilidade dos direitos sociais, garantido pelo Estado e vigiado pelo assistente social.

Le droit de la mobilité professionnelle, s'il connaît de nombreuses définitions, suppose encore un travail de construction. Entre obligations de l’employeur et droits du salarié, la mobilité professionnelle oblige à concilier un épineux paradigme alliant flexibilité dans l’entreprise et sécurité du parcours professionnel. Cette complexité est révélatrice d’une ambiguïté originelle : la mobilité professionnelle s’inspire pour l’essentiel de la pratique d’entreprise, si bien qu’il existe aujourd’hui autant de régimes de mobilité que de situations impliquant des mobilités. Clause de mobilité professionnelle, reclassement du salarié, mise à disposition de personnel, mobilité volontaire sécurisée, accord de performance collective, ruptures négociées, cession de contrat, l’étude des dispositifs juridiques démontre que la mobilité est essentiellement envisagée à court terme, à l’initiative de l’employeur et construite sur un schéma de contrainte ne tenant pas compte de la liberté individuelle du salarié. Le manque d’efficacité de l’arsenal juridique et les dérives qui en résultent en pratique rendent incompatibles le droit positif avec l’objectif de développement de la mobilité positive, pierre angulaire du droit de la mobilité professionnelle. Les nombreuses interventions du législateur au soutien des formes de mobilités contraintes concourent à la défaillance de cette ambition. Alors que le droit à la mobilité est, formellement, une garantie fondamentale du statut des fonctionnaires et des agents publics, une telle équivalence n’existe pas en matière de droit privé. L’enjeu majeur réside dès lors dans la capacité du législateur à repenser la mobilité positive. / The professional mobility law, although it has many definitions, still requires construction work. Between the obligations of the employer and the rights of the employee, professional mobility requires reconciling the thorny paradigm between flexibility in the company and safety of the professional career. This complexity reveals an original ambiguity: professional mobility is essentially inspired by practice, so that today there are as many mobility schemes as there are situations involving mobility. Professional mobility clause, reclassification of the employee, personnel provision, secure voluntary mobility, performing agreement, negotiated breaks of contract, assignment of contract, the study of legal devices shows that mobility is mainly envisaged in the short term, at the initiative of the employer and built on a pattern of constraint not taking into account the individual freedom of the employee. The lack of efficiency of the legal framework and the resulting abuses in practice make positive law incompatible with the objective of developing positive mobility, which is the cornerstone professional mobility law. The many interventions of the legislator in support of the forms of constrained mobilities contribute to the failure of this ambition. While the right to mobility is, formally, a fundamental guarantee of the status of civil servants and public officials, such equivalence does not exist in private law. The major challenge therefore lies in the ability of the legislator to rethink positive mobility.