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Cross-cultural equivalence and associations among food insecurity and parental influences of children's fruit and vegetable consumption.Watson, Kathleen B. Bartholomew, L. Kay, Cullen, Karen Weber, Kapadia, Asha Seth, January 2009 (has links)
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: B, page: 1601. Adviser: Pamela M. Diamond. Includes bibliographical references.
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The validation of a test battery for the selection of first-line supervisors in a South African mining companyRobertson, Karen 03 1900 (has links)
Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology )
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The relationship between cognitive tests and the academic performance of students on an MBA programmeBux, Ciara 11 1900 (has links)
The objective of this study was to determine if a statistically significant positive
relationship exists between the cognitive tests (APIL and Critical Reasoning
Test Battery - NCR2 and VCR2) and the academic performance of students
on an MBA programme. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted
on a non-probability purposive sample (N=329) of MBA students at an
institution of higher learning in South Africa.
A theoretical relationship was established between the variables. The
empirical relationship revealed statistically significant relationships between
the cognitive tests and academic performance on an MBA programme.
The findings contribute valuable knowledge to the field of psychological
assessment that can be applied in the selection of students for higher
education. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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Getting ready for transition to adult care : tool validation and multi-informant strategy using the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) in pediatricsChapados, Pascale 08 1900 (has links)
Introduction : La transition des soins pédiatriques aux soins pour adultes peut être difficile. Si elle
est réalisée de façon sous-optimale, cela peut entraîner de graves conséquences. Afin de mesurer
la préparation à la transition de patients adolescents et jeunes adultes (AJA), le Transition
Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) a été développé. Les objectifs de l’étude sont de 1)
documenter les propriétés psychométriques de la version française du TRAQ (TRAQ-FR), 2)
évaluer le degré d’accord sur le TRAQ-FR entre les AJA et leurs aidants naturels et 3) identifier
les prédicteurs de la préparation à la transition.
Méthodologie : Des AJA francophones (n=175) et leurs aidants naturels (n=168) ont été recrutés
dans cinq cliniques d’un hôpital tertiaire canadien et ont complété le TRAQ-FR, le Pediatric
Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQLTM 4.0) et un questionnaire sociodémographique. La
validité du TRAQ-FR a été déterminée en réalisant des analyses factorielles confirmatoires. Les
accords et différences ont été mesurés en calculant des corrélations intra-classe et des tests-t pour
échantillons appariés. Des prédicteurs de la préparation à la transition ont été identifiés par des
régressions multivariées.
Résultats : Le modèle à cinq facteurs du TRAQ est soutenu par les données et l’échelle globale du
TRAQ-FR montre une bonne cohérence interne pour les scores des AJA et des aidants naturels
(a=.85-.87). Le degré d’accord absolu sur l’échelle globale du TRAQ-FR est bon entre les
informants (ICC=.80; d=.25), les AJA rapportant un score plus élevé que leurs aidants naturels.
L’âge et le sexe des AJA sont des prédicteurs de la préparation à la transition.
Conclusion : Le TRAQ-FR a de bonnes propriétés psychométriques lorsqu’il est complété par les
AJA et leurs aidants naturels. Des études futures devraient explorer la validité prédictive et
l’utilisation clinique du TRAQ-FR. / Background: Transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare can be challenging and lead to
severe consequences if done suboptimally. The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire
(TRAQ) was developed to assess adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients’ transition readiness.
In this study, we aimed to 1) document the psychometric properties of the French-language version
of the TRAQ (TRAQ-FR), 2) assess agreements and discrepancies between AYA patients’ and
their primary caregivers’ TRAQ-FR scores, and 3) identify transition readiness contributors.
Methods: French-speaking AYA patients (n=175) and primary caregivers (n=168) were recruited
from five clinics in a tertiary Canadian hospital and asked to complete the TRAQ-FR, the Pediatric
Quality of Life InventoryTM 4.0 (PedsQLTM 4.0), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The
validity of the TRAQ-FR was assessed using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Agreements and
discrepancies were evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficients and paired-sample t-tests.
Contributors of transition readiness were identified using regression analyses.
Results: The five-factor model of the TRAQ was supported, with the TRAQ-FR global scale
showing good internal consistency for both AYA patients’ and primary caregivers’ scores (a=.85-
.87). AYA patients and primary caregivers showed good absolute agreement on the TRAQ-FR
global scale with AYA patients scoring higher than primary caregivers (ICC=.80; d=.25). AYA
patients’ age and sex were found to be contributors of transition readiness.
Conclusions: The TRAQ-FR was found to have good psychometric properties when completed by
both AYA patients and primary caregivers. Additional research is needed to explore the predictive
validity and clinical use of the TRAQ-FR.
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The viability of graphology in psycho-educational assessmentCronje, Pierre Etienne 06 1900 (has links)
Handwriting as a unique expression of human behaviour has evoked continuous
interest as a means of analyzing and studying personality – a study known as
Graphology.
Research in graphology has shown diverse results, ranging from negative to
highly favourable. Many of the studies disregarding the value of graphology can
be criticized on the grounds of their research methodology as well as the method
used in handwriting analysis, namely the ‘trait-method’ whereby isolated
graphological features are simplistically linked to personality as opposed to a
more encompassing, holistic approach.
In the present study the special link between personality and graphology is
illustrated as well as the decisive influence the gestalt and form standard of a
writing have on the interpretation of that particular writing. The approach to the
graphological analyses was holistic, as it complements the complex uniqueness
of personality.
The study also focuses on the recommended methodology of handwriting
analysis, by offering a tailor-made personality ‘picture’ of the individual.
Graphological findings were compared to the clinical findings of the same
client/patient according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Diseases IV-TRTM (DSM-IV-TRTM).
Five (5) case studies have been reported in this qualitative research study. The
analyses of the writings were done by an independent graphologist. The
objective graphological findings show similarities with clinical findings of the
same clients/patients.
The holistic approach to handwriting analysis deems to have diagnostic value
and is promising in providing guidelines for psychotherapy. Graphology can thus
be regarded as a useful and viable tool in psycho-educational assessment. / Education / D.Ed. (Psychology of Education)
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Standardisation of the seven graphology factors scale for application in industryElliott, Charmaine Adelina Eliot 06 1900 (has links)
The 7 Graphology Factors Scale is standardised for application in industry. A literature
study based on the personality theories of Freud, Jung, Murray and Cattell precedes
the empirical research. Graphology is conceptualised, relevant existing graphology
models are explored and a graphology theory and method for use in industry proposes
that graphology should be regulated and applications classified on the same basis as
psychometric tests.
The empirical research is based on a sample comprising 360 subjects, stratified
according to gender, position and language. The written protocol is subject to analysis
of 59 characteristics on the basis of the configuration of the writing. language is
irrelevant and the presentation of an intervening stimulus is avoided. Factor analysis
results in eight secondary factors. These are I Task Orientation - Directive, II Task
Orientation- Conscientious, Ill Emotional Stability, IV Extroversion, V Independence,
VI Conceptualisation, VII Openness to Experience and VIII Need for Power. Cronbach's
alpha coefficient achieves 0, 61 for Factor I. Stepwise regression analysis provides
correlations between factors of the Thematic Apperception, Structured Objective
Rorschach and 16 Personality Factor tests with all but Factor Ill, which is hypothesised
to be a new construct. Five of the factors are hypothesised to align with the Big Five
Personality Model. Thr9e-way analysis of variance, t-tests and the Mantei-Haenszel
tests are applied to establish differentiation based on the stratification criteria. Norm
tables based on Indigenous, English and Afrikaans first language groups are provided
in stens and bands.
Conclusions are that graphology has a worthy theoretical heritage and offers benefits
to the psychological profession and specifically industry, as part of an assessment
strategy. limitations are outlined and recommendations are made for further research. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Industrial Psychology)
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A psychometric profile of patients attending the Durban University of Technology Chiropractic Day Clinic with non-specific low back painBramuzzo, Valentina January 2016 (has links)
Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Department of Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a major health problem and a leading cause of disability worldwide, accounting for numerous medical and chiropractic consultations. Risk factors for developing as well as perpetuating LBP have been recognised, including psychosocial factors and to a lesser extent organic diseases. There is good evidence for the role of biological, psychological, and social factors in the aetiology and prognosis of back pain. The biopsychosocial model developed by Waddell (1987) has become a dominant consideration in determining the aetiology and prognosis of back pain, and has led to the development and testing of many back pain care interventions. This includes a focus on identifying and treating ‘yellow flags’ which are psychosocial factors that may result in LBP becoming chronic, and incorporating the treatment of these ‘yellow flags’ as a component of LBP care.
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine a psychometric profile of patients attending the Durban University of Technology (DUT) Chiropractic Day Clinic (CDC) with non-specific LBP using the Keele STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) and Bournemouth Questionnaire (BQ).
METHODOLOGY: Once ethical clearance was obtained to conduct the research study at the DUT CDC, all patients over the age of eighteen presenting to the DUT CDC with non-specific LBP as new patients, or as former or current patients presenting with non-specific LBP as a new complaint, were directly approached by the researcher. The prospective participants were asked a series of screening questions in order to ensure that they qualified for the study. A total of 132 participants completed an informed consent, a pre-validated questionnaire, the SBST and the BQ. The questionnaires took approximately ten to fifteen minutes to complete; participants were given the choice to complete them either before or after their appointment so as not to interrupt the treatment time. All informed consents and completed questionnaires were collected by the researcher and stored in separate sealed ballot boxes. All questionnaires were kept confidential and only seen by the researcher and supervisor. A code was allocated to each questionnaire before data was captured on a spreadsheet for data analysis. The IBM SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis by a biostatistician.
RESULTS: A total of 132 questionnaires were utilised for statistical analysis. Based on the SBST, 47.7% (n = 63) of the total population (N = 132), had a low risk of developing chronic LBP, 28.8% (n = 38) had a medium risk of developing chronic LBP, and 23.5 % (n = 31) had a high risk of developing chronic LBP. The BQ indicated that 63.6% (n = 84) of the total population (N = 132) scored 35 or less and thus had a low risk of developing chronic LBP, while 36.4% (n = 48) scored above 35 and thus had a medium to high risk of developing chronic LBP. A very strong association was found between the SBST and BQ risk groups (p = <0.001). A total of 87.1% (n = 27) of the participants who had a high risk of chronicity according to the SBST (N = 31) also had a high risk of chronicity according to the BQ. The female gender, being a current smoker and partaking in little or no physical activity were found to be statistically significant risk factors for chronic LBP.
CONCLUSION: The results in this study suggest that patients presenting to the DUT CDC supports the notion that chronic LBP is a multifactorial condition with significant psychosocial implications and should be approached as such. / M
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Psychometric Development of the Adaptive Leadership Competency ProfileSherron, Charles T. 12 1900 (has links)
This study documented the psychometric development of the Adaptive Leadership Competency Profile (ALCP). The ALCP was derived from a qualitative database from the National Science Foundation project (NSF 9422368) and the academic body of literature. Test items were operationalized, and subject matter experts validated 11 macro-leadership competencies and 65 items. Rasch rating scale measurement models were applied to answer the following questions: (a) How well do the respective items of the ALCP fit the Rasch rating scale measurement model for the 11 scales of the ACLP? (b) How well do the person's abilities fit the Rasch rating scale measurement model, using the 11 scales of the ALCP? (c) What are the item separation and reliability coefficients for the 11 ALCP scales? (d) What are the person separation and reliability coefficients for the 11 ALCP scales? This study also sought to discern whether the ALCP could predict leader effectiveness as measured by the likelihood ratio index and frequency of correct predictions indices. The WINSTEPS and LIMDEP programs were used to obtain Rasch calibrations and probit estimates, respectively. The ALCP profiles the frequency and intensity of leadership behavior. Composite measures were calculated and used to predict leadership effectiveness. Results from this study validated 10 competencies and 55 items.
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Actitudes hacia la estadística en universitarios peruano de mediana edadTarazona Vargas, Enver, Luis Bazán, Jorge, Aparicio, Ana Sofia 21 August 2014 (has links)
This paper studies the attitudes of college students concerning statistics; students who are
taking the basic course in Statistics under an Adult Worker Student program at a private university in Lima, Peru. Two scales have been considered: Attitudes Toward Statistics (ATSE) proposed by
Estrada (2002) and Attitudes Toward Statistics (ATSC) proposed by Cazorla et al (1999).
The sample corresponds to 137 students with ages ranging from 32 to 42 years old, from
four engineering majors, , 84% male and 52% who had taken a previous course in statistics.
The item analysis was performed considering the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item
Response Theory (IRT) under the Bayesian inference of the Samejima’s graded response model
(Tarazona, 2013).
The results reveal that AEC has a reliability of 0.93, and by comparison a shortened version
of AEE after eliminating two items has a reliability of 0.88. Both scales are closely correlated are
therefore are interchangeable. However AEE is the only one that reveals differences by specialty,
especially among students of the School of Industrial Engineering (positive attitudes), and of
Telecommunications and Network Engineering (less positive attitudes). Finally, other factors such
as gender, different age groups and experience in a previous course of Statistics were insignificant
in explaining attitudes toward statistics at any scale. / Se analiza las Actitudes hacia la Estadística en estudiantes universitarios que llevan un primer
curso de Estadística en el marco del programa Estudiante Adulto, Trabajador de una universidad
privada de Lima en Perú. Son consideradas dos escalas: Actitudes hacia la Estadística de Estrada
(2002) (AEE) y Actitudes hacia la Estadística de Cazorla; Silva; Vendramini & Brito (1999) (AEC).
La muestra corresponde a 137 estudiantes de cuatro especialidades de Ingeniería, con edades
entre 32 y 42 años, siendo un 84 % del sexo masculino y un 52 % que ya habían llevado antes un
curso de Estadística. El análisis de ítems fue realizado considerando la Teoría Clásica de los Test
(TCT) y la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem (TRI), bajo inferencia bayesiana del Modelo de Respuesta
Graduada de Samejima (Tarazona, 2013).
Los resultados muestran que AEC tiene una confiabilidad de 0,93; en contraste, AEE tiene
0,88 para una versión recortada eliminando dos ítems. Ambas presentan una fuerte correlación,
siendo por tanto intercambiables. No obstante, AEE es la única que muestra diferencias por
especialidad, sobre todo entre los estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial (actitudes más positivas) y los
estudiantes de Ingeniería de Telecomunicaciones y Redes (actitudes menos positivas). Finalmente,
otros factores como sexo del estudiante, permanencia a diferentes grupos etarios y experiencia
en un curso previo de Estadística no resultaron significativos para explicar las Actitudes hacia la
Estadística en ninguna escala.
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Questionnaire d'attitudes et de préférences éducatives des intervenants (QAPÉI) : structure factorielle et relations avec les traits de personnalitéPoitras, Mélanie 11 1900 (has links)
La psychoéducation de même que plusieurs approches théoriques en psychologie clinique suggèrent que l’intervenant constitue un élément actif fondamental des interventions auprès des individus en difficulté. Parmi l’ensemble des caractéristiques des intervenants qui sont utiles de considérer, les attitudes et préférences éducatives des intervenants apparaissent importantes puisqu’elles peuvent être reliées à un bon appariement avec un milieu d’intervention donné, au sentiment d’efficacité professionnelle et, ultimement, à l’efficacité d’une intervention. Or, très peu d’instruments psychométriques d’évaluation validés existent pour évaluer ces construits importants. Cette étude visait principalement à effectuer un examen préliminaire des propriétés psychométriques de la version française du Questionnaire d’attitudes et de préférences des intervenants (QAPÉI; Jesness & Wedge, 1983; Le Blanc, Trudeau-Le Blanc, & Lanctôt, 1999). Le premier objectif de la présente étude était d’évaluer si la structure théorique originale était reproductible empiriquement ou si une structure factorielle alternative était nécessaire. Le deuxième objectif était d’évaluer si les attitudes et préférences éducatives des intervenants étaient reliées à leurs traits de personnalité. L’échantillon utilisé était composé d’intervenants faisant partie de Boscoville2000, un projet d’intervention cognitive-comportementale en milieu résidentiel pour les adolescents en difficulté. Des analyses factorielles exploratoires ont démontré que la structure théorique originale n’était pas reproduite empiriquement. Une structure alternative en cinq facteurs a été recouvrée. Cette structure alternative était plus cohérente sur le plan conceptuel et démontrait une bonne adéquation aux données. Les facteurs identifiés ont été nommés Distance affective, Évitement thérapeutique, Exaspération, Permissivité et Coercition. Des analyses corrélationnelles ont démontré que ces échelles d’attitudes et de préférences éducatives étaient reliées de façon conceptuellement cohérente aux traits de personnalité des intervenants, ce qui appuie la validité de critère de la nouvelle structure de l’instrument. / Psychoeducation and several clinical psychology theoretical approaches suggest that the interventionist constitute a fundamental active ingredient of psychosocial interventions for individuals with adjustment problems. Among the various characteristics of interventionists there are useful to consider, attitudes and preferences in interventions are important because they can be related to an adequate matching in a given intervention milieu, to professional self-efficacy and, ultimately, to the intervention efficacy. However, there are very empirically-validated psychometric instrument to asses these important constructs. The main aim of this study was to make a preliminary evaluation of the psychometric properties of the French-Canadian version of the Counselors’ AIttitudes and Preferences Questionnaire (“Questionnaire d’attitudes et de préférences éducatives des intervenants”, QAPÉI; Jesness & Wedge, 1983; Le Blanc, Trudeau-Le Blanc, & Lanctôt, 1999). The first objective was to assess if the original theoretical structure could be reproduced empirically, or if an alternative factor structure was necessary. The second objective was to assess if interventionists’ attitudes and preferences were related to their personality traits. The sample that was used was composed of interventionists from Boscoville2000, a residential cognitive-behavioral intervention program for adolescents with serious adjustment problems. Exploratory factor analyses demonstrated that the original theoretical structure was not reproduced empirically. An alternative five-factor structure was recovered. This alternative structure was more conceptually coherent and provided a better fit to the data. The identified factors were labeled Affective distance, Therapeutic Avoidance, Exasperation, Permissiveness, and Coercion. Correlational analyses demonstrated that attitudes and preferences scales were related in a conceptually coherent way to interventionists’ personality traits, which supported the criterion-related validity of the instrument new structure.
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