The problem of this study involved identifying and ranking perceptions of the attributes of exemplary teaching of adjunct faculty of the Dallas County Community College District. Data was collected by a 75 item opinionnaire and a demographic data sheet which was sent to a population of 3,000 employees of the Dallas County Community College District and 100 exemplary faculty from 39 of the 50 United States. The five chapters were titled Introduction, Review of Literature, Methods, Presentation and Analysis of Findings, and Summary, Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations. Revealed through the findings of Chapter 4 was the order of attributes as a Grand grand rank found through the combining of the grand rank order of the Dallas County Community Colleges' employees and the rank order of the nationally recognized exemplary faculty. Findings disclosed that a rank ordering of items represented by Kendall's W at .9654 with a chi-square of 142.8815 at the .001 level of significance. These findings led to the rejection of three null hypotheses and the following related conclusions: (1) perceptions of importance of teaching attributes, can be rank ordered, (2) while a high level of significant values of W may be interpreted as meaning that the observers and judges are applying essentially the same standard in ranking the variables, their pooled ordering may serve as a standard, (3) ordering of perceptions of exemplary teaching attributes is possible, and (4) rankings of attributes provides a usable list of variables that can be employed in evaluation. Recommendations for further study include design of an evaluation instrument incorporating all or part of the attributes for use in adjunct classrooms, and creation of a staff development program designed to help those who are less proficient in the classroom.

This diploma paper concerns the theme flexibility of the Czech labour market. Concretely it focuses on one of the rigidity which influences the labor market flexibility and it is the labour law. Directly usage of part-time jobs is covered. Netherlandish economy is used for the comparison with Czech economy as in the Netherlands part-time jobs are used very often. The aim of this paper is to answer the question, whether the increased incidence of part-time jobs is useful for the economy. After confirming this hypothesis the paper concentrates on usage of part-time jobs among specific group of workers. This group is represented by women who are taking care of small children. Statistical data from OECD, method of correlation coefficient and comparison of economic indicators were used for the analysis.

<pre>This dissertation consists of three independent chapters at the intersection of macroeconomics and labor economics. The first chapter studies the job-search trade-offs between full-time employment, part-time employment, and multiple job holdings. The second chapter explores the macroeconomic relationship between property crime and output in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium framework. The third chapter studies the causal effect of property crime on output.</pre> <pre>The first chapter develops a search-matching model of the labor market with part-time employment and multiple job holdings. The model is calibrated to data from the CPS between 2001 and 2004. Workers are able to choose their search intensity and are allowed to hold two jobs while firms can choose what type of worker to recruit. When compared to the canonical Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides model, this model performs quite well while capturing some empirical regularities. First, the model generates recruiting and vacancy posting rates that move in opposite directions. Second, part-time employment is up to 10 times more responsive than full-time employment. Third, the model suggests that multiple job holding rates are more flexible than observed in the data with the rate changing by as much as 4 percentage points compared to 0.1 percentage points in the data. Finally, the full model is able to capture compositional changes during recessions with the full-time rate declining and the part-time rate increasing. It also produces an empirically consistent increase in the unemployment rate as well as a decrease in output. The DMP model is more muted than in the data for both.</pre> <pre>The second chapter explores how property crime can affect static and dynamic general equilibrium behavior of households and firms. I calibrate a model with a representative firm and heterogeneous households where households have the choice to commit property crime. In contrast to previous literature, I treat crime as a transfer rather than home production. This creates a feedback loop wherein negative productivity shocks increase property crime which further depresses legitimate work and capital accumulation. These responses by households are particularly important when thinking about the effect of property crime on the economy. Household and firm losses account for 24% of compensating variation (CV) and 37% of lost production. This suggests that behavioral responses are quite important when calculating the cost of property crime. Finally, on the margin, decreasing property crime by 1% increases social welfare by 0.19%, but the effect is diminishing suggesting that reducing crime entirely may not be optimal from a policymakers perspective.</pre> <pre>The third chapter estimates the causal effect of property crime on real personal income per capita. Running system GMM on an unbalanced panel of MSA-year pairs suggests that property crime reduces real personal income per capita by a highly statistically significant 13.3%. This implies that the average person loses $4,869 (2009 dollars) per year with real annual personal income per capita totaling $36,615. The effect is driven primarily by larceny-theft and burglary with highly statistically significant coefficients of -0.179 and -0.110 respectively. Estimates for the effect of robbery are unstable, and the effect of motor vehicle theft is statistically significant, but smaller with a coefficient of -0.060.</pre>

O objetivo central desta tese foi o de testar a hipótese de que o custo de oportunidade do tempo da mulher brasileira, afeta positivamente o consumo de alimentos de fácil e rápido preparo e negativamente, o consumo dos alimentos "tempo intensivos". Os dados utilizados no estudo são oriundos da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares - (POF) 2002-2003, realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Foram utilizados tanto os microdados quanto as publicações da referida pesquisa. Com base na Teoria da Produção Domiciliar, e por meio da utilização de um modelo econométrico - o procedimento em dois estágios de Heckman, buscou-se avaliar a influência do custo de oportunidade do tempo da mulher e de alguns outros fatores como: o nível de renda domiciliar, a composição familiar, a urbanização entre outros, sobre o consumo domiciliar de um grupo selecionado de alimentos - feijão, arroz, batata, mandioca, carnes, farinha de trigo, alimentos prontos, pão, iogurte e refrigerantes e sucos - e sobre o consumo de alimentação fora do domicílio. Os principais resultados mostram que houve uma significativa mudança nos padrões de consumo alimentar das famílias brasileiras desde a década de 1970. Como exemplo cita-se a redução de 46% no consumo domiciliar de arroz polido e 37% no consumo de feijão e, um aumento de 490% no consumo de refrigerantes de guaraná e 216% de alimentos preparados. Os principais indicadores socioeconômicos dão conta de uma intensificação no processo de urbanização no Brasil, ou seja, atualmente 83% da população brasileira vive em áreas urbanas, enquanto em 1970 esse percentual era de apenas 56%. Além disso, 54% das mulheres brasileiras, que são chefe de família ou cônjuges, trabalham e 26% dos chefes de família hoje no Brasil são mulheres. No que se refere aos fatores que afetam os padrões de consumo, verificou-se que, o custo de oportunidade do tempo da mulher, está diretamente relacionado a um aumento na probabilidade de consumo e no gasto domiciliar com os alimentos que demandam um menor tempo de preparo, como por exemplo, os alimentos prontos, o pão, refrigerantes e sucos, iogurtes e alimentação fora do domicílio e, uma redução, tanto na probabilidade de consumo quanto no gasto familiar, com os "alimentos tradicionais", feijão, arroz, mandioca, carnes e farinha de trigo que, em geral, demandam um maior tempo de preparo. Todas as variáveis, custo de oportunidade do tempo da mulher, nível de renda, urbanização e composição familiar, foram altamente significativas e importantes na determinação dos padrões de consumo de alimentos no Brasil. / The main objective of this thesis was to test the hypothesis that the woman’s opportunity costs of time affects positively the consumption of foods that are easy and quick to prepare and negatively the consumption of foods that are time intensive. This study uses micro data from the "Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares" - Family Budget Research (POF) 2002- 2003, carried out by the "Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística" - IBGE - the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Based on the theory of Household Production and making use of an econometric model - Heckman two stages procedure, it was aimed to evaluate the influence of the woman’s opportunity costs of time and other factors such as the level of household income, the family formation, urbanization, among others, on the household consumption of a distinct group of foods - bean, rice, potato, cassava, meat, wheat flour, readymade foods, bread, yogurt, soft drinks and juices - and on the consumption of foods eaten outside the home. The main results show that there has been a significant change in the standards of eating habits of the Brazilian families since the 1970’s. As an example, it was cited the reduction of 46% in household rice consumption and 37% in the bean consumption and, an increase of 490% in the soft drinks consumption and 216% in the ready-made foods. The main socioeconomic indicators show intensification in the urbanization process in Brazil, that is, currently 83% of the Brazilian population lives in urban areas, while in 1970 this percentage was only 56%. Besides that, 54% of the Brazilian women that are the head of the family or spouse are working and 26% of the heads of families in Brazil nowadays are women. As for the factors that affect the standards of consumption, it was verified that the woman’s opportunity cost of time is directly related to an increase in the probability of consumption and of the household expenses on foods that demand a shorter time to be prepared, for example, the ready-made foods, bread, soft drinks and juices, yogurt and foods eaten outside the home and, to a reduction, in the probability of consumption as well as in the household expenses, on "traditional foods" such as bean, rice, cassava, meat and wheat flour that, in general, demand a longer time to prepare. All the variables, woman’s opportunity costs of time, income level, urbanization and family formation were highly significant and important to determine the standards of food consumption in Brazil.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-06-04T12:35:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Teresinha Morais da Silva.pdf: 1391509 bytes, checksum: e9afe076dd122a171d92aa8e76d2d5ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T12:35:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teresinha Morais da Silva.pdf: 1391509 bytes, checksum: e9afe076dd122a171d92aa8e76d2d5ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The debate around the quality of public education in Brazil has led federal, state and municipal governments to invest in programs to extend the school day, such as the Programa Ensino Integral (PEI) [Integral Education Program] of the State of São Paulo, instituted by Complementary Law nº1.164, of January 4, 2012 and amended by Complementary Law nº1.191, of December 28, 2012. The research proposal was to investigate this policy of integral education, between the years of 2012 and 2016, at the Oswaldo Aranha State School, comparing it with a part-time school, Adolfo Gordo State School, which did not join any Project or Extension Program, both located in the south zone of the city of São Paulo. The research had as objective to analyze and identify how these two schools appropriated the proposals of integral education and the possibility of the development of an integral education in part time. As a research procedure, it was decided to carry out a bibliographic survey, analysis of theoretical references and official documents available, produced by the State of São Paulo's Education Department and by the teaching units such as the PEI Guidelines, Pedagogical and Management, Legislation, Management Plans and Curriculum. Considered as a starting point, the hypothesis was accepted that integral education is not restricted only to the student's time in the school, being possible to realize a proposal of integral education part-time. The results showed that, although an extended day is a differential factor, a projects methodology can be an alternative, once they are able to compose to curriculum integration in the school, assigning meaning to teaching and learning / O debate em torno da qualidade do ensino público no Brasil tem levado governos federal, estaduais e municipais a investirem em programas de ampliação da jornada escolar, como o Programa Ensino Integral (PEI) da rede estadual paulista, instituído pela Lei Complementar nº1.164, de 4 de janeiro de 2012 e alterada pela Lei Complementar nº1.191, de 28 de dezembro de 2012. A proposta da pesquisa foi investigar esta política de educação integral, entre os anos de 2012 e 2016, na Escola Estadual Oswaldo Aranha, comparando-a com uma escola de tempo parcial, Escola Estadual Adolfo Gordo, que não aderiu a nenhum Projeto ou Programa de extensão de jornada - ambas localizadas na zona sul da cidade de São Paulo. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar e identificar como estas duas escolas se apropriaram das proposições da educação integral e a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de uma educação integral em tempo parcial. Como procedimento de pesquisa, optou-se por realizar um levantamento bibliográfico, análise de referenciais teóricos e de documentos oficiais disponíveis produzidos pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo e pelas unidades de ensino como: as Diretrizes do PEI, os Cadernos Pedagógicos e de Gestão, Legislação, Planos de Gestão e Currículo. Considerada como ponto de partida, admitiu-se a hipótese de que a educação integral não se restringe apenas ao tempo de permanência do aluno na escola, sendo possível realizar uma proposta de educação integral em tempo parcial. Os resultados permitiram constatar que, apesar de a jornada estendida ser um fator diferencial, a metodologia de projetos pode ser uma alternativa, uma vez que estes são capazes de compor a integração curricular na escola, atribuindo sentido ao ensino e a aprendizagem

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-16T14:10:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Atila Cristiano Bizarro.pdf: 601412 bytes, checksum: ff090cec855f53d956f54a6ac99c055c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-16T14:10:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Atila Cristiano Bizarro.pdf: 601412 bytes, checksum: ff090cec855f53d956f54a6ac99c055c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-25 / Nenhuma / A dissertação tem como objetivo problematizar quais são e como se apresentam os tensionamentos enfrentados pelo educador em sua atuação, no contexto do Programa governamental Mais Educação, em uma escola pública estadual localizada no município de Esteio (RS). Os aportes teóricos do estudo estão referenciados, principalmente, nas pesquisas sobre a formação docente e em António Nóvoa. O material empírico da pesquisa é composto por documentos oficiais do Programa Mais Educação, assim como pelo Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola pesquisada e por entrevistas realizadas com educadores e coordenadores das oficinas ofertadas pelo Programa no ano de 2013. Os resultados da investigação apontam que os tensionamentos na atuação do educador se devem, principalmente: à ausência de um projeto comum na escola que abarque tanto as atividades do ensino regular quanto as do Programa Mais Educação como uma proposta de ensino integral; à falta de diálogo entre os profissionais envolvidos; à falta de momentos de formação conjunta, de partilha; à carência de informação sobre o Programa; e à disputa por espaços de ensino-aprendizagem entre o ensino formal e os saberes comunitários. / This dissertation aims to discuss which are the tensions and how they are presented and faced by the social educator in his performance, in the context of governmental Program More Education, in a state school in the community of Esteio (RS). The theoretical background of this study is referenced, mainly, in the research on teacher education and in António Nóvoa. The empirical material is made up by official documents of the Program More Education, as well as the Political Pedagogical Project of the researched school and through interviews with educators and workshop coordinators offered by the Program in 2013. Research results show that the tensions in the performance of the social educator are due to, mainly: the absence of a common project in the school encompassing activities of both regular education and Program More Education as a proposal of full-time education; the lack of dialogue among the professionals involved; the lack of moments of joint training and knowledge sharing; the lack of information on the Program; and the competition for teaching-learning spaces between formal and informal education, linked to low salary for the social educator.

Since their advent as supplemental staff at community colleges four decades ago, part-time instructors, or adjuncts, have since been employed with increasing frequency and in escalating numbers across all institutional types of American higher education. Currently comprising approximately forty percent of all postsecondary faculty, part-time instructors now outnumber full-time nontenure-track, tenure-track, and tenured faculty respectively on many campuses. This pervasive trend has created a professional climate of uncertainty and, in some cases, even hostility as American colleges and universities struggle to adapt to ever changing enrollment populations, market demands, technological innovations, and political pressure. As the sustainability of traditional faculty tenure hangs in the balance and as opportunities to secure tenure-track appointments continually diminish, the arguably inequitable working conditions of college faculty hired off the tenure track have fallen under public and political scrutiny since these instructors now provide such a large proportion of undergraduate education. This dissertation offers a comprehensive overview of the adjunct staffing model’s development and consequences as well as a proposed solution particularly to chairpersons of academic departments that have become inordinately dependent upon part-time instructors to teach their undergraduate curriculum. Combining personal experience with recent research, the first chapter offers a detailed description of the typical adjunct’s current working conditions, which include heavy workloads, poor compensation, and insufficient time for preparation and professional development. I briefly review the origins of and dramatically increasing reliance upon postsecondary adjunct employment over the past forty years. I situate the present undervaluing of part-time instructors within the context of colleges’ persistently rising “sticker prices,” which most commonly derive from curricular as well as extracurricular amenities and a drastic increase in non-instructional staff. I suggest that colleges cannot afford to ignore the adjunct problem much longer due to growing public and political awareness of the issue. I conclude by encouraging college governing boards, administrators, and faculty to collaborate in order to arrange respectable and sustainable terms of employment. The second chapter analyzes how the current model of adjunct employment adversely affects higher education. In addition to the first chapter’s grievances pertaining specifically to adjuncts, college faculty as a whole suffers from the deprofessionalization and bifurcation resulting from the widespread overdependence upon part-time instruction. Furthermore, college students suffer from part-time instructors’ compromised ethos and resultant “shielding,” last-minute staffing practices by means of which institutions often hire adjuncts, part-time instructors’ inadequate access to instructional resources, and irrational models for adjunct compensation. Finally, the adjunct problem harms the reputations of postsecondary institutions overall, indicating dysfunction and lack of accountability to an already skeptical public. The chapter closes with a call to action, encouraging all postsecondary institutions to consider improved, sustainable employment for all faculty. The third and final chapter proposes a solution in the form of a standardized college faculty position, which I call the core-survey instructor. Based loosely on a specific definition of contingent faculty, such a professor would assume reasonably heavy teaching loads as a full-time employee of one institution in exchange for a respectable salary, renewable multi-year contracts, and limited benefits. I explain how core-survey instructors will benefit postsecondary institutions not only by resolving the detriments listed in the second essay but also via improved remedial instruction, academic advising, and participation in shared governance.

<p>The increasing use of temporary and part-time employment in recent decades was initially expected to lead to negative effects for the individual. The empirical evidence, however, has been equivocal and the consequences are therefore still unclear. This thesis adopts a psychological approach to alternative employment by investigating how heterogeneity in employment contracts together with individual differences associate with work attitudes and subjective well-being. It comprises four studies in which questionnaire data is used to study differences among temporary workers (Study I & II) and differences in the alternative workforce (fixed-term, on-call, and part-time workers) compared to permanent full-time workers (Study III & IV), in order to analyze the impact of different types of contracts together with individual differences. Study I found that attitudes, role stress, and health varied across different patterns in individuals’ backgrounds and contract forms. Study II demonstrated that distinct patterns of voluntary and involuntary contract motives and of work involvement associated with differences in reported work-related and general well-being. Study III showed that well-being and organizational attitudes were related to individuals’ job and contract preferences and, to some degree, heterogeneity in contract types. Study IV revealed that individuals’ perceptions of job conditions (control, demands, and job insecurity) predicted well-being, whereas type of employment contract was found to be less important. Employment contract forms, however, interacted with individual diversity in Study III and IV. The thesis concludes that differences among individuals are important for understanding the implications of different types of alternative employment contracts. Future research should focus on these interactive mechanisms to better understand the consequences of alternative employment forms.</p>

No description available.

This thesis consists of four empirical studies on women and men in European labour markets. Study I examines effects of the sex of the immediate supervisor on the time men and women spend in initial on-the-job training (OJT) in Sweden. The results show that men receive longer initial OJT than women do, but men’s time in training is independent of the supervisor’s sex. For women in the private sector, the chances of receiving long initial OJT are higher if the immediate supervisor is a man. Study II analyses effects of labour market institutions on the quality of part-time work by comparing the skills and autonomy of female part-time jobs in Britain and Sweden. The results show that female part-time employees in Sweden hold positions of higher skill and have more autonomy compared to their equivalents in Britain. Both British and Swedish part-time employees face relative disadvantages when compared to female full-time workers. Study III examines associations between maternal employment policies and wage penalties for mothers by skill in 10 European countries. The results indicate that, net of variation in female labour force participation, extensive publicly funded childcare is associated with a modest decrease in the motherhood wage penalty, regardless of skill. By contrast, paid maternity leave is weakly associated with a larger motherhood wage gap in less skilled jobs only. Study IV examines the extent to which women’s opportunities to attain positions of high workplace authority are related to maternal employment policies, such as paid parental leave and part-time work. Based on data from 25 European countries, the results show that a high proportion of women working long part-time hours is associated with a wider gender gap in the attainment of high authority positions, to the disadvantage of women. However, paid parental leave appears to be unrelated to the gender authority gap. / At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.