Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The dual purpose wheat has the capacity to produce forage and grain, through the expression of morphological and bromatologic traits and yield components. Thus, the overall goal was to identify biometric models to understand the interrelationships between traits, direct and indirect selection in breeding wheat for dual purposes. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the canonical correlations between groups of morphological traits and grain yield, and identify the direction and the magnitude of the relationship; and identify the phenotypic relationships of cause and effect bromatologic between forage characters in wheat genotypes under different dual purpose cutting managements. The experiments were conducted in the growing seasons 2013 and 2014 in the experimental area of the Federal University of Santa Maria Campus Frederico Westphalen - RS. A randomized complete block design was used in three trials, the first experiment was arranged in a factorial: five genotypes (BRS Tarumã, BRS Umbu, BRS Figueira, BRS Guatambu and BRS 277) x four cutting managements (uncut, a cut, two cuts and three cuts). The second experiment was arranged in a factorial: Five genotypes (BRS Tarumã, BRS Umbu, BRS Figueira, BRS Guatambu and BRS 277) x Three cutting managements (first cut, second cut and third cut). The traits evaluated were: number of tillers per plant (AF), stem diameter of tillers (DAF), diameter of the main stem (DCP), number of fertile tillers (AFF), number of ears per square meter (ESPM), number of grains per ear (NGE), grain weight per ear (MGE), thousand grain weight (MMG), grain yield (RG), weight hectolitre (PH), green matter per hectare (MV), dry matter per hectare (MS), percentage of hemicellulose (HEM), cellulose (CEL), mineral matter (MM), neutral detergent fiber (FDN), acid detergent fiber (FDA), lignin (LIG), total carbohydrates (CT), carbohydrates no fiber carbohydrates (CNF), crude protein (PTN), and lipids (LIP). Groups of morphological traits and grain yield in wheat dual purpose reveal highly significant relationships. In the management at uncut and one cut wheat, associations are similarly established for both groups, by increasing the DCP, and determining the ESPM the increase, NGE and MGE, MMG, PH and RG. With two cuts the associations are established through the DAF, which influences an increase in MMG, PH and RG. Three cuts showed that the increase in AF increment the ESPM, NGE and MGE, MMG, PH and RG. The indirect selection aimed at increasing the PTN in the first cut can be based on CT, CNF and MV. The second cut provides indirect selection with LIG, CNF, MV and MS. The increase of PTN in the third cut can be obtained by indirect selection to the FDA, CEL, LIG, MM, MV and MS. Indirect selection through forage characters and bromatologic can be successful, since it considers the effect assigned to each cutting management. / O trigo duplo propósito apresenta capacidade de produzir forragem e grãos, através da expressão de caracteres morfológicos, bromatológicos e componentes do rendimento. Desta maneira, o objetivo geral foi identificar modelos biométricos que permitam compreender as inter-relações entre caracteres, e direcionar a seleção indireta no melhoramento genético de trigo duplo propósito. Os objetivos específicos deste trabalho foram: determinar as correlações canônicas entre grupos de caracteres morfológicos e do rendimento de grãos, e identificar o sentido e a magnitude das relações; e identificar as associações fenotípicas de causa e efeito entre caracteres forrageiros e bromatológicos em genótipos de trigo duplo propósito submetidos a diferentes manejos de corte.Os experimentos foram realizados nas safras agrícolas 2013 e 2014 na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Campus de Frederico Westphalen RS. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso em três repetições, o primeiro experimento foi organizado em fatorial: Cinco genótipos (BRS Tarumã, BRS Umbu, BRS Figueira, BRS Guatambu e BRS 277) x Quatro manejos de corte (sem corte, um corte, dois cortes e três cortes). O segundo experimento foi organizado em fatorial: Cinco genótipos (BRS Tarumã, BRS Umbu, BRS Figueira, BRS Guatambu e BRS 277) x Três manejos de corte (primeiro corte, segundo corte e terceiro corte). Os caracteres avaliados foram: número de afilhos por planta (AF), diâmetro do colmo dos afilhos (DAF), diâmetro do colmo principal (DCP), número de afilhos férteis (AFF), número de espigas por metro quadrado (ESPM), número de grãos por espiga (NGE), massa de grãos por espiga (MGE), massa de mil grãos (MMG), rendimento de grãos (RG), peso hectolitro (PH), massa verde por hectare (MV), massa seca por hectare (MS), percentual de hemicelulose (HEM), celulose (CEL), material mineral (MM), fibras em detergente neutro (FDN), fibras em detergente ácido (FDA), lignina (LIG), carboidratos totais (CT), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF), proteína bruta (PTN), e lipídios (LIP). Os grupos de caracteres morfológicos e de rendimento de grãos em trigo duplo propósito revelam relações altamente significativas. No manejo sem cortes e com um corte, associações são estabelecidas similarmente para ambos os grupos, através do aumento do DCP, sendo determinante ao acréscimo de ESPM, NGE e MGE, MMG, PH e RG. Com dois cortes as associações são estabelecidas através do DAF, que influencia o aumento da MMG, PH e RG. Com três cortes evidencia-se que o aumento do AF incrementam ESPM,NGE e MGE, MMG, PH e RG.A seleção indireta visando incrementar PTN no primeiro corte pode ser baseada nos CT,CNF e MV. O segundo corte proporciona a seleção indireta com a LIG, CNF, MV e MS. O incremento de PTN no terceiro corte poderá ser obtido através da seleção indireta com FDA, CEL, LIG, MM, MV e MS. A seleção indireta através dos caracteres forrageiros e bromatológicos pode ser realizada com sucesso, desde que se considere o efeito atribuído a cada manejo de corte.

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Cognitive ability has a strong and important relationship with academic performance. Numerous factors, however, affect a student’s performance, including among others; learning style, or the way in which students typically receive and process information, and learning strategies, or the level at which students approach learning and studying. Current studies are, however, divided in their findings regarding the relationship between learning styles and strategies and academic performance as well as the mediatory role they may play. The study sought to investigate the role of students’ learning styles and strategies in the relationship between cognitive ability and academic performance, in order to advance an understanding of the role that they play in this relationship. The study was conducted using a correlational research design within a cognitive psychology framework. Using convenience sampling, a total of 172 university students completed cognitive tests (Raven's Progressive Matrices and the Letter-N-Back) and a learning style and strategy survey. Structural equation modelling (SEM), specifically path analysis in combination with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), was then used to test relationships between constructs. Results from the first model suggest that higher cognitive abilities and the use of rehearsal (the surface learning strategy) each play a unique role in predicting academic performance (÷2 (67, N = 172) = 145.31, p < .001). It, in additio, seems as if various components of learning style and strategy do not predict academic performance at all. A refined model of the relationship between constructs confirmed this (÷2 (64, N = 172) = 70.51, p < .05). Learning styles along with the deep and metacognitive learning strategies were found to have no meaningful relation with academic performance. Cognitive abilities and rehearsal however were key predictors of performance. Mediation analysis further identified rehearsal as a mediator in the relationship between cognitive ability and academic performance (÷2 (65, N = 172) = 74.10, p >.05). Results show that cognitive ability indirectly affects academic performance through the surface learning strategy rehearsal). Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Psychology / unrestricted

In this article, we will reflect on the methodologies of ethical technology assessment (TA cf. Grunwald 2010), accompanying research projects focusing on tactile internet solutions with humans in the loop (TaHIL). We outline how TA might be oriented towards a set of prima facie values (Beauchamp & Childress, 2013) that address possible implications and consequences of technology use. This framework shall be applied to the development of tactile Internet technology treating such technology as a special kind of cyber-physical system. Because the impact of technical developments and their unintended consequences cannot be anticipated from the outset, it is all the more important to address ethically relevant aspects right from the start in research projects that develop TaHIL-applications.:1. Aim of the basic research in Technology Assessment 2. TA as an integrative part of the iterative research approach 3. Responsible Research and Innovation: three dimensional Path Developments 4. Dilemmata in the democratization of skills 5. Work systems within the framework of TaHIL technologies 6. Implementation process 7. Conclusion

Even though there are no regulations on the interior noise level of passenger cars, it is a significant quality aspect both for customers and for car manufacturers. The reduction of many other car noise sources pushed tyre road noise to the forefront.What is more, well known phenomenon of the tyre acoustic cavity resonance (TCR), appearing around 225 Hz, makes the interior noise noticeably worse. Some techniques to mitigate this phenomenon right at the source are discussed in this thesis, however, these has not been adopted by the tyre nor car manufacturers yet.Therefore, there is a desire to minimise at least the transmission of the acoustic or vibration energy from the tyre to the compartment. This is where methods like TPA (Transfer Path Analysis) come into play.In this thesis, two different approaches to TPA are used to investigate transmission of the TCR energy.First, the coherence based road decomposition method is used to determine whether the TCR energy is transmitted by a structure-borne or an air-borne mechanism. The same method serves to identify if the TCR noise comes mainly from the front or the rear suspension.Second, the impedance matrix method was used to determine critical structure-borne transfer paths yielding clear results indicating two critical mounts at the rear suspension which dominate the transfer of vibro-acoustic energy. Subsequent physical modification of the critical mount was tested to verify the results of the transmission study.Moreover, deflection shape analysis of the tyre, rim, front and rear suspension was performed to identify possible amplification effects of the TCR phenomenon.

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本研究では，有限要素法に基づく伝達経路解析手法および相互平均コンプライアンス手法に対する新たな評価方法を考案し，それら併用することで，強度・剛性などの設計要件を満足しながら軽量化・低振動化が可能なフレーム構造の開発に活用できる設計評価技術を開発した． / In this study, the author developed a new design evaluation technology that can reduce weight and vibration while satisfying design requirements such as strength and rigidity and be used for the development of a frame structure, by creating and cmbining new evaluation methods for transfer path analysis and mutual mean compliance based on finit element method. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

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