Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-10-11T15:59:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Yuri Figueredo Spacov.pdf: 762240 bytes, checksum: a8c12fecb159cdabe39645f0542bb2ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T15:59:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yuri Figueredo Spacov.pdf: 762240 bytes, checksum: a8c12fecb159cdabe39645f0542bb2ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-15 / We live in a time in which services tend to be exclusive and personalized. This context favors the insertion of Personal Trainer in the daily lives of people who are looking for style healthier life, which increases the supply of this service in the market and makes the competitive landscape in terms capitation customers. Thus, it is essential that professionals in this area to use marketing techniques to not only show what they do, but to differentiate and attract more consumers interested in their services. This work aimed to analyze how the Personal Trainer uses the marketing dissemination and promotion of its activities, and to evaluate the degree of importance of marketing in the process, raise the marketing strategies used to promote their services and identify the academic education contributes to the use of marketing strategies. The study is qualitative, exploratory and used a semi-structured interview to 15 Personals Trainers who work in the city of São Paulo. Data were categorized with the help of software ATLAS.ti 6.2 through content analysis and the results generated suggest that the Personal Trainer uses communication as greater dissemination strategy and promotion of their services, and the mouth marketing to mouth, display and social networks - Facebook, Instagram and Whatsapp - its main means to reach customers. Respondents understand the importance of marketing and management to manage his career, however 80% said that graduation did not offer enough content to work as a Personal Trainer. / Vivemos em um momento no qual os serviços tendem a ser exclusivos e personalizados. Esse contexto favorece a inserção do Personal Trainer no cotidiano das pessoas que estão em busca por estilos de vida mais saudáveis, o que aumenta a oferta desse serviço no mercado e torna o cenário mais competitivo em termos capitação de clientes. Dessa forma, é imprescindível que os profissionais dessa área se utilizem de técnicas de marketing para não só mostrar aquilo que fazem, mas para diferenciar e atrair mais consumidores interessados em seus serviços. Esta dissertação teve como principal objetivo analisar como o Personal Trainer utiliza o marketing na divulgação e promoção da sua atividade, além de avaliar o grau de importância do marketing nesse processo, levantar as estratégias de marketing utilizadas para a promoção dos seus serviços e identificar se a formação acadêmica contribui para utilização de estratégias de marketing. O estudo é qualitativo, exploratório e se utilizou de um roteiro semiestruturado para entrevistar 15 Personais Trainers que trabalham na cidade de São Paulo. Os dados coletados foram categorizados com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti 6.2 por meio da análise de conteúdo e os resultados gerados levam a crer que o Personal Trainer utiliza a comunicação como maior estratégia de divulgação e promoção dos seus serviços, sendo o marketing boca a boca, indicação e redes sociais – Facebook, Instagram e Whatsapp – seus principais meios para chegar aos clientes. Os entrevistados compreendem a importância do marketing e da gestão para gerir sua carreira, no entanto 80% apontam que a graduação não ofereceu conteúdo suficiente para se trabalhar como Personal Trainer.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-07-03T19:49:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Augusto Palazzi Junior.pdf: 1484789 bytes, checksum: ca07ecd2ab4ad55d68b682538b543193 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T19:49:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Augusto Palazzi Junior.pdf: 1484789 bytes, checksum: ca07ecd2ab4ad55d68b682538b543193 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / This dissertation aims to identify the factors that impact on the intention to hire or on consumer loyalty of the personal trainer service and to verify if there are differences between the variables surveyed between these two audiences. The constructs chosen through the literature, mainly international scientific articles, were: social skills, customer orientation, customer perceived expertise, personal trainer physical appearance, consumer familiarity and physical results obtained from the student, being analyzed through the conceptual framework of relationship marketing. The type of the research was confirmatory and the quantitative method, composed of a sample of 577 people obtained through an online questionnaire, and among the respondents, 245 have personal trainer and 332 do not have. In order to reach the objective of this dissertation, the closed questionnaire and the partial least square (PLS) analysis were used as data collection instrument to validate the hypotheses. As results, it was possible to perceive that there are differences between the models studied, in the intention-to-purchase model, consumers have the physical appearance of the personal trainer with greater significance when making the decision to acquire this service, followed by their familiarity by moderating the Professional knowledge, that is, the more previous knowledge of physical activity the consumer has, the more he or she will expect from the professional's expertise. In the loyalty model, it can be verified that the social skills of the personal trainer and the physical results conquered by the students through the personalized classes had greater significations, followed by the physical appearance of the professional and the familiarity moderating the expertise of the service provider. It is concluded that the personal trainer as its own manager, should use different methods and techniques to conquer different audiences. One of the main suggestions in the search intention model is that the personal trainer should show a personal physical appearance that demonstrates health care and muscular tone, as it inspires his clients, besides having superior knowledge to the consumer, since the more information the customer has, the more demanding it will be. In the loyalty model, the personal trainer should emphasize social skills, allowing a better relationship with the client, as well as reaching the expectations of the students regarding the physical results when hiring their services, not forgetting their good physical appearance and demonstrating knowledge regarding physical activity, physiology and physical exercises in relation to their students. / Essa dissertação tem como objetivo identificar os fatores que impactam na intenção de contratar ou na lealdade do consumidor do serviço de personal trainer e verificar se existe diferenças entre as variáveis pesquisadas entre esses dois públicos. Os construtos escolhidos por meio da literatura, principalmente de artigos científicos internacionais, foram: as habilidades sociais, a orientação para o cliente, a expertise percebida pelo cliente, a aparência física do personal trainer, familiaridade do consumidor e dos resultados físicos obtidos do aluno, sendo analisado por meio da estrutura conceitual do marketing de relacionamento. O tipo da pesquisa foi confirmatório e o método quantitativo, composto por uma amostra de 577 pessoas obtidos por meio de questionário online, sendo que, entre os respondentes, 245 possuem personal trainer e 332 não possuem. Para atingir o objetivo dessa dissertação, foi utilizado como instrumento para a coleta de dados o questionário fechado e a análise dos mínimos quadrados parciais PLS (partial least square) para validar as hipóteses. Como resultados, foi possível perceber que existe diferenças entre os modelos estudados; no modelo de intenção de contratar, os consumidores têm a aparência física do personal trainer com maior significância na hora de tomar a decisão em adquirir esse serviço, seguido pela sua familiaridade moderando a expertise do profissional, ou seja, quanto mais conhecimento prévio de atividade física o consumidor tiver, mais cobrará da expertise do profissional. No modelo de lealdade, pode-se verificar que as habilidades sociais do personal trainer e os resultados físicos conquistados pelos alunos por meio das aulas personalizadas tiveram maiores significâncias, seguidos pela aparência física do profissional e a familiaridade moderando a expertise do prestador de serviço. Conclui-se que o personal trainer como seu próprio gestor, deve utilizar métodos e técnicas diferentes para conquistar diferentes públicos. Uma das principais sugestões no modelo de intenção de contratar pesquisado, é que o personal trainer deve mostrar uma aparência física pessoal que demonstre cuidados com a saúde e a tonicidade muscular, pois isso inspira seus clientes, além de ter conhecimento superior ao consumidor, pois quanto mais informações o cliente tiver, mais exigente ele será. No modelo de lealdade, o personal trainer deve dar ênfase às habilidades sociais, permitindo um melhor relacionamento com o cliente, além de atingir as expectativas dos alunos em relação aos resultados físicos ao contratar seus serviços, sem esquecer da sua boa aparência física e de demonstrar conhecimento superior em relação a atividade física, fisiologia e exercícios físicos em relação aos seus alunos.

Personliga tränare (PT) i Sverige är en yrkesgrupp som verkar på en oreglerad marknad där vem som helst kan kalla sig PT och erbjuda tjänsten personlig träning. Den här studien undersöker svenska PT, deras yrkesverksamhet, utbildning och erfarenheter och uppfattningar om sin egen utbildning. En enkät administrerades till individer som är utbildade och/eller yrkesverksamma PT. I resultatet framträder en mångfacetterad yrkesgrupp, beståendes av män och kvinnor i alla åldrar mellan 18-63 år, med varierande grader av arbetserfarenhet och sysselsättningsgrad arbetandes både som egenanställd och anställd. Resultatet antyder att yrkesverksamma PT är utbildade, både från formella högskoleutbildningar och informella PT-utbildningar. PT anser sig generellt nöjda med sina utbildningar, men önskar att högre krav ställs både på utbildare av PT och de PT som slutför utbildningarna. Särskilt lyfts önskemål från PT fram om en kursplan som i längre utsträckning behandlar de praktiska arbetsuppgifter som kommer med PT-yrkets krav på försäljning och hantering av kunder. Det finns en tro och upplevelse bland PT att om högre krav ställs på PT-utbildningar kan en högre standard av yrkesrollen uppnås och med det kan yrkesrollens förutsättningar förbättras. / Personal trainers (PT) in Sweden is a profession that operates in an unregulated market where anyone can call themselves PT and offer the service personal training. This study investigated Swedish PTs, their professional activities, education and experiences and perceptions of their own education. A questionnaire was administered to individuals who are educated and / or actively working as PTs. The result shows a multifaceted occupational group, consisting of men and women of all ages between 18-63 years, with varying degrees of work experience and employment rate with both self-employed and employed PTs. The results suggest that PTs are educated, both from formal university educations and informal PT educations. PTs consider themselves generally satisfied with their education but would like to see higher demands placed on both educators of PTs and the PTs who complete their educations. In particular, the PT education requests a syllabus that to a greater extent deals with the practical tasks that come with the PT profession's requirements for sales and handling of customers. There is a belief and perception among PTs that if higher requirements are placed on PT educations, a higher professional standard can be achieved, and with that, the working conditions of the profession can be improved.

First established in the 1990's, the personal training industry in New Zealand has experienced unprecedented growth. Over 80% of New Zealand health clubs market the services of Personal Trainers and there are now over 1500 registered Personal Trainers working in a range of settings. Their primary professional role is one whereby they promote and support individuals to attain desired 'results' in relation to their physical fitness and particularly, to adopt a more physically active lifestyle. But despite the growth of this industry, little is known about how Personal Trainers actually go about supporting the clients who purchase their service to find a way into, as well as stay committed to a physically activity lifestyle. To date there has been no research in New Zealand exploring how Personal Trainers operate as agents of behaviour change. Furthermore, there appears only anecdotal evidence about how the intervention strategies used by Personal Trainers reflect those recommended in the 'behaviour-change' literature. This thesis focused on the daily, working experiences of ten Personal Trainers. Inspired by the interpretive paradigm, in-depth interviews were conducted and analysis of the data, guided by the tenets of grounded theory, allowed the story about the way each participant went about her/his work to emerge. The study highlights a variety of issues that these Trainers recognise as significantly influencing their ability to succeed in an increasingly competitive and demanding business. Specific reference was also given to the behavioural intervention strategies that each participant believed were the most beneficial in nurturing client lifestyle behaviour-change. The study outcomes reveal that although the Trainers worked independently of each other there was considerable commonality in the approaches they had developed. All agreed on the importance of presenting themselves as confident, competent professionals who modelled healthy life-styles to their clients. Some of the strategies they used were similar in some regards to those described in the intervention literature, but others were not. A salient point made by all was that, despite some of their practices lying outside the professional boundaries defined by their professional registration organisation, the provision of services to clients often went beyond the 'physical'. Nutritional counselling especially had become an integral part of the service they provided for clients and was, in fact, an area which clients 'expected' them to be experts in. Each acknowledged the challenge of devising strategies to keep their clients committed, motivated and returning to them. The study highlighted two distinct phases of intervention as the Trainers used different motivational approaches to firstly, initiate change and then maintain their client's progress. As the clients began to see results all of the trainers agreed that their relationship with their long-term clients became more collegial. As time progressed, and in order to facilitate and foster client belief in the inherent value of physical activity 'for life', the Trainers became their client's Life Coach. The Personal Trainers in this study described a multitude of roles that each believed they needed to fulfil in order that they achieved on-going success as a Trainer. This emphasises the need for a more expansive education programme for Personal Trainers. Programmes which move beyond a traditional fitness discourse and better reflect the complexities of what it truly means to be a one-on-one 'Trainer'.

Personal trainer is a profession that has grown strongly in recent decades, and has become increasingly common in the labor market within the health sector due to the widespread and growing interest in health and self- improvement. Further more, personal training is a great example of occupations with a close interaction between producer and consumer. The purpose of this study was to examine whether and if so how, personal trainers experience that the relationship with the clients affects their own personal development. This by finding out what impact the profession has had on the personality, what impact the relationship with the clients has affected the leadership, and last what impact the relationship with the clients have had on the personality based on social and mental aspects. Based on the purpose of the study qualitative method was chosen and data was collected with qualitative interviews. The participants consisted of eight personal trainers, six women and two men. The analysis was done using qualitative content analysis and the results showed that the interaction with the clients gave personal trainers personal development through development of leadership and mental as well as social development. The conclusion of the study is that the interaction with the client may affect the personal trainers at different levels, the mental as well as social and development of new qualities, the influence of personality and that this effect can also beapplied in private life. / Personlig tränare är ett yrke som har växt fram starkt under de senaste årtiondena och blivit allt vanligare på arbetsmarknaden inom hälsobranschen. Mycket tack vare det växande intresset för hälsa och självförbättring. Vidare är personlig träning är ett lysande exempel på yrken där det sker en nära interaktion mellan producent och konsument. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om och i sådana fall hur, personliga tränare upplever att relationen med klienterna påverkar deras egen personliga utveckling. Detta genom att undersöka hur de personliga tränarna upplever att yrkesrollen påverkar personligheten, hur yrkesrollen har påverkat de personliga tränarnas privatliv samt om och i så fall på vilket sätt relationen med klienterna har påverkat den personliga tränaren utifrån sociala och mentala aspekter. Utifrån studiens syfte valdes kvalitativ metod och datainsamlingen genomfördes med kvalitativa intervjuer. Urvalet bestod av åtta personliga tränare, varav sex kvinnor och två män. Analysarbetet skedde med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resultatet visade att interaktionen med klienterna gav de personliga tränarna en personlig utveckling genom mental utveckling, utveckling i ledarrollen samt social utveckling. Slutsatsen av studien är att interaktionen med klienten kan påverka personliga tränare på olika plan, det mentala som sociala samt utveckling av nya egenskaper, påverkan av personligheten och att denna påverkan även kan tillämpas i privatlivet.

In this research project, the potential of integrating ePortfolios into the reflection and assessment component between a personal trainer and client was examined. Research demonstrates that more effective learning occurs when reflection and engagement are integral components. The problem that this thesis aimed to answer was the importance of enhancing student engagement, in the classroom and beyond. New technology applications like ePortfolios allow for great student reflection and deep learning but are not universally applied. As such, this study explored the potential of integrating an e portfolio as a reflection technology to enhance engagement during learning. While ePortfolios are commonly found in an academic setting, professionals in healthcare have also used ePortfolios with their patients, clients or peers. Could ePortfolios be used by personal trainers, clients, coaches and athletes? If so, how? What would be the outcomes? The focus of this research project was to explore the potential of integrating ePortfolios into the reflection and assessment component between a personal trainer/client. Eight trainers throughout the Ottawa area were interviewed to gain an understanding of their perception on the ways in which trainers could enhance their client’s fitness journey through the use of an ePortfolio and if so, how would the ePortfolio would be used. The results of this research project provided insight as to whether or not reflective technology strategies such as ePportfolios would enhance the client’s fitness journey and if so, how would the ePortfolio be used. Ultimately, this thesis will inform our understanding of how ePortfolios can be transferred from an academic setting to foster deep learning in kinesiology settings.

abstract: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was two-fold. In Specific Aim One, we examined the associations between education level, personal trainer credentials and characteristics, and knowledge of exercise science and personal training principles. In Specific Aim Two we examined associations between education, personal trainer credentials and knowledge of personal trainers with client retention. This study utilized a cross-sectional research design. An anonymous electronic survey was used to collect the data. Eligible participants (N=226) were individuals who were providing one-on-one personal training services for at least one client. All data were assessed for normality prior to data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate sample characteristics. Mean and standard deviations, median and interquartile range [IQR] or frequency and percentages were reported for the sample characteristics. Bivariate associations were examined with dependent t-tests and one-way ANOVAs for normally distributed data. Mann- Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for non-normally distributed variables. The median knowledge score for the sample was 6.0 [3.00] points, out of a possible 24, with 92.5% of the sample scoring 10 or lower. Sex (Male/Female), education level, having a degree in the field, certification status (yes/no) and number of certifications were not associated with knowledge scores (p > 0.05). Years of experience in personal training was positively associated with mean knowledge scores (H(3) = 9.280, p = 0.026). Sex of the personal trainer, having a degree in the field (yes/no), the number of personal trainer certifications, the cost of training, the type of facility, the type of employment of the personal trainer and knowledge scores were not associated with client retention (p > 0.05). Education level (F3,87 = 8.176, p < 0.001), personal training certification (yes/no) (t38 = 2.277, p = 0.029), years of experience (F3, 87 = 3.169, p = 0.028), facility size (F4,84 = 8.049, p < 0.001), and exercise science degree type (F3,48 = 6.008, p = 0.001) were all associated with client retention. This study provides insight on knowledge retention of active personal trainers on subject matter deemed foundational by four certifying organizations. The findings should influence both the preparatory learning and well as continuing education approaches of both certifying organizations and institutions of higher learning. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Exercise and Wellness 2018

Studien syftar till att söka fördjupad förståelse för hur sex personliga tränare talar om de metoder de använder för att stötta klienter att nå förändring från en stillasittande till en fysisk aktiv livsstil. Med grund i Illeris lärteori samt den transteoretiska förändringsmodellen undersöks vilka pedagogiska metoder som kan skönjas i informanternas berättelser. För att nå informanternas subjektiva erfarenheter har insamling av data skett via semistrukturerade intervjuer. Ur en tematisk analys utkristalliserades centrala teman och subteman som ligger till grund för studiens resultat. Resultatet visar att informanterna primärt utgår från individens känslor till den egna kroppen, till träning samt till det individuella målet i arbete med att stödja en livsstilsförändring. Vidare visar resultatet att det genom kommunikation och samspel skapas engagemang som främjar klientens utveckling. Förkortning av begreppet personlig tränare som används i detta arbete: PT, PT:n, PT:s, PT:arna.

In this research project, the potential of integrating ePortfolios into the reflection and assessment component between a personal trainer and client was examined. Research demonstrates that more effective learning occurs when reflection and engagement are integral components. The problem that this thesis aimed to answer was the importance of enhancing student engagement, in the classroom and beyond. New technology applications like ePortfolios allow for great student reflection and deep learning but are not universally applied. As such, this study explored the potential of integrating an e portfolio as a reflection technology to enhance engagement during learning. While ePortfolios are commonly found in an academic setting, professionals in healthcare have also used ePortfolios with their patients, clients or peers. Could ePortfolios be used by personal trainers, clients, coaches and athletes? If so, how? What would be the outcomes? The focus of this research project was to explore the potential of integrating ePortfolios into the reflection and assessment component between a personal trainer/client. Eight trainers throughout the Ottawa area were interviewed to gain an understanding of their perception on the ways in which trainers could enhance their client’s fitness journey through the use of an ePortfolio and if so, how would the ePortfolio would be used. The results of this research project provided insight as to whether or not reflective technology strategies such as ePportfolios would enhance the client’s fitness journey and if so, how would the ePortfolio be used. Ultimately, this thesis will inform our understanding of how ePortfolios can be transferred from an academic setting to foster deep learning in kinesiology settings.

The field of personal fitness training is one of the fastest growing occupations in the United States. Historically, scholars, undergraduate institutions, and national certifying organizations that focused on the education of personal fitness trainers have given instructional priority to biological and exercise science content. However, more recent research has underscored the value of psychological and interpersonal skills in driving clients' health and fitness goal attainment. Consequently, the goal of the present study was to determine the impact of a five-hour exercise psychology experiential workshop on levels of perceived importance, confidence in knowledge, and content knowledge of key exercise psychology concepts and skills in a non-randomized sample of personal fitness trainers and students (n = 41). Through a sequential explanatory mixed methods research design, participants were assessed quantitatively pre-intervention and post-intervention. A qualitative follow-up assessment was conducted one-month post-intervention with a sub-set of participants (n = 17). The workshop produced significant improvements in self-reported measures of confidence in knowledge and perceptions of importance of key exercise psychology concepts and skills as well as content knowledge of the exercise psychology concepts covered in the workshop. Further quantitative analyses revealed that certain demographics, namely gender, age, and academic coursework had distinct associations with each of the outcome variables. Follow-up qualitative analyses suggested that participants rated the workshop highly and described their experience in predominately positive terms. Suggestions were provided on how to improve the workshop, particularly focusing on elements of its content and overall structure. Results from the current study highlight the need for increased exposure of personal fitness trainers to instruction in exercise psychology. Given the benefits of developing exercise psychology knowledge, skills, and abilities, the results of this research indicate that preparation for the personal fitness training profession can be enhanced through increased attention to exercise psychology. Limitations of the current study and future directions for outcome research and practice are discussed. / Kinesiology