Medical treatments with statins are prescribed to patients with increased risk of cardiovascular events. The benefits from statin treatment are well documented in clinical trials, but long-term adherence in patients is low, indicating that patients have an uncertainty about the necessity and benefits of treatment. The aims of this thesis were to investigate how patients and doctors view different aspects of statin treatment. Further aims were to investigate if the cardiovascular risk level in patients affects their views about different aspects of statin treatment. Yet further aims were to compare health behaviours and views about risk factors in patients using statins to a non-treated population. Data was obtained from patients (n = 829), doctors (n = 330) and a population sample (n = 720) using postal questionnaires. Views about the effect of statin treatment were assessed in different ways for patients and doctors. Patients based their assessments on their own situation, and doctors’ treatment decisions and assessments of anticipated effect of treatment were based on two hypothetical patient cases. The results indicate that patients greatly overestimate the general effect of statins, compared to efficacy results reported from clinical trials. Patients’ previous coronary heart disease or high overall risk were factors not associated with their views and expectations of treatment effect. Statin users with an internally perceived health control and patients satisfied with their doctor’s treatment explanation reported higher beliefs in treatment necessity and benefits. Statin users reported having better health behaviours and generally rated risk factors as more important than the non-treated population. Doctors had suboptimal understanding of the number of patients expected to benefit following five years of statin treatment and had a varying understanding of statins’ ability to prolong life. Overall the results illustrate that patients and doctors have different perspectives and views of the benefits from statin treatment which puts emphasis on how statin treatment is discussed in the clinical setting.

<p>The effect of industrialisation has thrust the pharmaceutical profession into a clinical paradigm where the approcah to pharmaceutical decisions is more disease and patient orientated. Consequently, South African community pharmacies are inundated with requests from the public for advice and treatment on a wide range of medical conditions, including sexually transmitted infections (STI's). Although community pharmacies are often the first port of call for undiagnosed STI, limited diagnostic skills and legally-imposed prescribing restrictions preclude pharmacists from providing the necessary clinical management. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to present objective arguments and evidences (new and existing) around an expanded role for pharmacists in STI partner management.</p>

Siauro terapinio indekso vaistų vartojimas ir farmakokinetikos tyrimų interpretavimas reikalauja specialių farmakokinetikos žinių. Mokslinės literatūros šaltiniuose teigiama, jog gydymo procese dalyvaujant klinikiniams vaistininkams vaistų vartojimas yra optimizuojamas. Lietuvoje panašios vaistininkų veiklos nėra, todėl tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti siauro terapinio indekso vaistų vartojimo racionalumą ir nustatyti klinikinės farmacijos paslaugos poreikį stacionarinio gydymo įstaigoje. Darbo uždaviniai: nustatyti ir įvertinti farmakoterapinių problemų, siejamų su siauro terapinio indekso vaistų (vankomicino, ciklosporino, digoksino, gentamicino) vartojimu, paplitimą tretinio lygio ligoninėje; kiekybiškai ir kokybiškai įvertinti nustatytų farmakoterapinių problemų rizikos veiksnius; įvertinti vankomicino farmakokinetikos stebėsenos praktiką ligoninės skyriuose; įvertinti farmacininko konsultacijos įtaką vankomicino farmakokinetikos stebėsenai. Tyrimui pasirinktų siauro terapinio indekso vaistų farmakokinetikos tyrimų analizė atskleidė klinikinės farmacijos paslaugos poreikį optimizuojant tokių vaistų vartojimą Lietuvos ligoninėse. Nustatytų farmakoterapinių problemų rizikos veiksnių analizė identifikavo praktikoje dar visuotinai nepripažintą padidintą inkstų klirensą ir jo reikšmingą įtaką vaistų veiksmingumui. / The prescription of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTID) and interpretation of pharmacokinetic measurements require special pharmacokinetic knowledge. Scientific publications report that active participation of clinical pharmacists in the treatment process results in optimization of the drugs use. In Lithuania, there are no similar services provided by pharmacists up till now. Aim of the study: to evaluate the rationality of the use of NTIDs and to determine the demand for clinical pharmacy services in hospitals. Objectives of the study: to identify and evaluate the prevalence of drug-related problems associated with the use of NTIDs (vancomycin, cyclosporine, digoxin, and gentamicin) in the tertiary-level hospital; to perform quantitative and qualitative analysis of risk factors for the identified drug-related problems; to evaluate the practice of pharmacokinetic vancomycin monitoring in hospital departments; to evaluate the influence of pharmacist intervention on pharma¬cokinetic vancomycin monitoring. The analysis of pharmacokinetic measurements of NTIDs selected for this study revealed the demand for clinical pharmacy services while optimizing NTIDs use in the Lithuanian hospitals. The analysis of risk factors associated with the identified drug-related problems identified augmented renal clearance, which is not widely acknowledged in practice, and its significant impact on the effectiveness of drugs.

<p>The effect of industrialisation has thrust the pharmaceutical profession into a clinical paradigm where the approcah to pharmaceutical decisions is more disease and patient orientated. Consequently, South African community pharmacies are inundated with requests from the public for advice and treatment on a wide range of medical conditions, including sexually transmitted infections (STI's). Although community pharmacies are often the first port of call for undiagnosed STI, limited diagnostic skills and legally-imposed prescribing restrictions preclude pharmacists from providing the necessary clinical management. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to present objective arguments and evidences (new and existing) around an expanded role for pharmacists in STI partner management.</p>

Suite à l’analyse des causes d’iatrogénie médicamenteuse en soins ambulatoires en France, la collaboration entre professionnels de santé en soins de premiers recours, soutenue par les technologies de l’information et de communication, apparait comme un enjeu de première importance pour la sécurisation de la prise en charge des patients. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse était d’identifier les aspects de la pratique pharmaceutique officinale sur lesquels s’appuyer pour développer la collaboration entre médecins et pharmaciens d’officine en soins de premier recours et d’explorer les formes organisées d’exercice pharmaceutique collaboratif, dans le contexte du déploiement du Dossier Pharmaceutique (DP).Nous nous sommes tout d’abord intéressés au processus de développement de la collaboration entre médecins et pharmaciens d’officine. Une revue de la littérature a été conduite afin d’identifier les modèles spécifiques à cette collaboration. Aussi, 16 articles ont été inclus et ont permis d’identifier 4 modèles distincts. Leur analyse a mis en évidence que la collaboration repose sur un processus individuel sous-tendu par 2 catégories déterminants : (1) les attentes professionnelles vis-à-vis de l’autre – et par là même envers la collaboration - et l’intérêt personnel pour la pratique collaborative ; (2) la perception que le professionnel a de l’autre et l’évaluation de ses compétences.La collaboration reposant sur la reconnaissance des compétences du professionnel, la deuxième partie de ce travail a consisté à valoriser les rôles du pharmacien d’officine et du DP dans la sécurisation de la prise en charge médicamenteuse. L’étude DOPI-OFFI ainsi menée est une étude observationnelle, transversale et multicentrique portant sur les Interventions Pharmaceutiques (IP) réalisées en officine et l’apport du DP dans la sécurisation de la dispensation médicamenteuse. Un total de 243 pharmacies d’officine ont documenté 7231 IP. Le DP apparait comme un bon substitut lorsque le dossier local du patient est vierge ou incomplet et comme un outil efficace pour prévenir les divergences par rapport à l’historique médicamenteux. L’étude a également permis d’identifier le contexte associé à la formulation des IP en officine. Ainsi, il sera désormais possible de proposer des actions adéquates pour aider à l’amélioration des pratiques pharmaceutiques officinales. Enfin, l’étude a mis en évidence la communication soutenue entre pharmaciens et médecins généralistes quant aux problèmes liés aux thérapeutiques.La dynamique de collaboration repose également sur les attentes spécifiques de chaque professionnel de santé. L’objectif de la troisième partie de ce travail était de déterminer des préférences de la population générale, des médecins et des pharmaciens d’officine quant à l’offre de services pharmaceutiques et leur organisation. Pour se faire, nous avons développé un outil d’analyse de type Best-Worst Scaling. Nous avons identifié les caractéristiques clefs des services pharmaceutiques à tester à partir de 6 entretiens de recherche en groupe conduits auprès de patients, des médecins généralistes et des pharmaciens d’officine. Trois questionnaires de 20 attributs chacun ont ensuite été développés.Le développement des missions du pharmacien d’officine doit s’appuyer sur la pratique actuelle mais également sur des services pharmaceutiques ayant fait la preuve de leur efficacité et sur la légitimité du pharmacien à les proposer. Les résultats du BWS compléteront les résultats déjà établis par ce travail. / With the analysis of the causes of drug-induced diseases in the French primary care, the collaboration between healthcare professionals, supported by information and communication technology, appears to be a major challenge to secure the patient’s care. The objective of this thesis was to identify the aspects of pharmacy practice on which to develop the physician – community pharmacist collaboration and to explore the organized forms of collaborative pharmacy practice in the context of the deployment of the Pharmaceutical Record (DP).First, we explored the process of the physician – community pharmacist collaboration. A literature review was conducted to identify the specific models of collaboration. A total of 16 articles were included and four different models were identified. Their analysis showed that collaboration is based on an individual process underpinned by two categories of drivers: (1) towards the other professional and the personal interest for collaborative practice; (2) the perception of the other professional and the evaluation of his skills.As the collaboration is based on the recognition of professional skills, the second part of this work was to analyze the pharmacists’ role and the impact of the DP in the safety of the dispensing. The DOPI-OFFI study is an observational, cross-sectional and multicenter study on pharmacists’ interventions (PIs) performed in the primary care and on the evaluation of the DP in the dispensing process. A total of 243 community pharmacies have documented 7231 PIs. The DP appears to be a valuable complement when the patient's local pharmacy record is blank or incomplete and as an effective tool to prevent discrepancies with the medication history. The study also identified the context associated with the PIs. Thus appropriate actions would be proposed to enhance the quality of pharmacy practices. Finally, the study demonstrated the sustained communication between general practitioners and community pharmacists about the drug-related problems.The collaborative dynamics is also based on the specific healthcare professionals’ and patients’ needs. The objective of the third part of this work was to determine the preferences of the general population, the physicians and the community pharmacists on pharmacy services and their organization. We developed a Best-Worst Scaling experiment. We identified the key characteristics of pharmacy services from 6 focus groups that were conducted with patients, general practitioners and community pharmacists. Three questionnaires, each consisting of 20 attributes, were developed.The development of the community pharmacists’ role must be based on the current practice, on pharmacy services that have demonstrated their effectiveness and on the legitimacy of the pharmacist to propose them. The results of the BWS will complement the results that were already established by this work.

Objective: To establishing, implement and consolidate clinical pharmacy services in units of Farmácia Popular do Brasil program in state of Sergipe. Methods: Initially, systematic review was performed in the databases PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE using the key words "community pharmacy services", "quality assurance health care", "outcome assessment". A longitudinal study of three units of the Farmácia Popular do Brasil in the state of Sergipe on the establishment was carried out (2012), implementation (2013) and consolidation of clinical pharmacy services (2014). The structure of pharmacies was evaluated for physical structure, through the RDC 44/2009, and human resources, the technique of simulated patient. Then three focus groups were conducted (2012, 2013 and 2014) for the perceptions of pharmacists. Finally, we used the coaching technique for establishment, implementation and consolidation of services: dispensing, measurement of blood pressure and blood capillary glucose, medication review and medication therapy management. Results: In the systematic review 42 articles met the inclusion criteria. It was observed that the most valued results were glycosylated hemoglobin (clinical), quality of life (humanistic) and analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the service relationship (economic). In assessing the structure, interventions enabled improvements on all items that were considered non-compliant. However, the overall impression of the pharmaceutical skills for clinical services was considered regular (3) on a scale from 1 to 5. Regarding the focus groups, pharmacists reported expectations in technical support to develop skills, gain knowledge and have a constant monitoring of the researchers, also identified 13 types of barriers. Finally, was designed 520 hours of coaching in place to implement flows and processes, development of standard operating procedures and preparation of strategic plans. In the education training, pharmacists underwent 176 hours of theoretical and practical training and employees to 24h. After the coaching interventions the numbers of services were expanded: there was 767 dispensations in 2012, 1444 in 2013 and 2537 in 2014; 714 measurements of blood pressure and blood capillary glucose in 2012, 2375 in 2013 and 5039 to 2014; 49 consultations of medication review in 2012, 87 in 2013 and 355 in 2014; 15 consultations of medication therapy management in 2012, 33 in 2013 and 271 in 2014. Conclusion: From the good situational diagnosis, the coaching can be considered a technique that assists in establishment, implementation and consolidation of clinical pharmacy services. Combined with a professional training, it allows the individual follow-up in steps as: definition of services and processes, selection of indicators for the assessment and development of strategic plans. In this perspective, this results may support the construction of a differentiated and replicable model of clinical services in community pharmacies. / Objetivo: Implantar, implementar e consolidar serviços clínicos farmacêuticos em unidades do programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil do Estado de Sergipe. Métodos: Inicialmente, foi realizada revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE utilizando os descritores community pharmacy services , quality assurance health care , outcome assessment . Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal em três unidades da Farmácia Popular do Brasil do estado de Sergipe sobre a implantação (2012), implementação (2013) e consolidação dos serviços clínicos farmacêuticos (2014). Foi avaliada a estrutura das farmácias quanto à estrutura física, por meio da RDC 44/2009, e aos recursos humanos, pela técnica do paciente simulado. Em seguida, foram realizados três grupos focais (2012, 2013 e 2014) para obter as percepções dos farmacêuticos. Por fim, foi utilizada a técnica de coaching para a implantação, implementação e consolidação dos serviços de: dispensação, aferição da pressão arterial e glicemia capilar, revisão da farmacoterapia e seguimento da farmacoterapia. Resultados: Na revisão sistemática 42 artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Observou-se que os resultados mais avaliados foram hemoglobina glicosilada (clínico), qualidade de vida (humanístico) e análise da relação custo-eficácia do serviço (econômico). Na avaliação da estrutura, as intervenções possibilitaram melhorias em todos os itens que foram considerados inconformes. No entanto, a impressão geral sobre as competências farmacêuticas para serviços clínicos foi considerada regular (3) numa escala de 1 a 5. Com relação aos grupos focais, os farmacêuticos relataram expectativas quanto ter suporte técnico para desenvolver habilidades, adquirir conhecimentos e ter um acompanhamento constante dos pesquisadores, além disso, identificaram 13 tipos de barreiras. Por fim, foram destinadas 520 horas de coaching in loco para implantação de fluxos e processos, elaboração de procedimentos operacionais padrão e elaboração de planos estratégicos situacionais. Na etapa de treinamento, os farmacêuticos foram submetidos a 176h de treinamento teórico-prático e os colaboradores a 24h. Após as intervenções do coaching os números dos serviços foram ampliados: obteve-se 767 atendimentos de dispensação em 2012, 1444 em 2013 e 2537 em 2014; 714 aferições da pressão arterial e glicemia capilar em 2012, 2375 em 2013 e 5039 em 2014; 49 consultas da revisão da farmacoterapia em 2012, 87 em 2013 e 355 em 2014; 15 consultas de seguimento da farmacoterapia em 2012, 33 em 2013 e 271 em 2014. Conclusão:. A partir de um bom diagnóstico situacional o coaching pode ser considerado uma técnica que auxilia nas etapas de implantação, implementação e consolidação de serviços clínicos farmacêuticos. Aliado a um treinanamento profissional, ele permite o acompanhamento individualizado em etapas como: definição dos serviços e processos, seleção de indicadores para a avaliação e elaboração de planos estratégicos situacionais. Nesta perspectiva, os resultados observados poderão embasar a construção de um modelo diferenciado e replicável de serviços clínicos farmacêuticos em farmácias comunitárias.

This thesis provides a historical account of the emergence of the pharmacy education system in South Africa, and an analysis of the influence of competing interest groups over the pharmacy education curriculum. It provides a critical evaluation of structural-consensus and micro-interpretive approaches to medical and pharmacy education, and sets out a macrointerpretive account of pharmacy education in South Africa. Following Margaret Archer (1979) it analyzes three forms of negotiation between competing interest groups in their efforts to change the pharmacy curriculum; these are political manipulation, external transaction and internal initiation. The thesis argues that whilst the private sector interest group (comprising of retail, wholesale and manufacturing pharmacy) dominated the pharmacy education system until 1994, since then a newly emerged government interest group has begun to compete for educational control. The priorities pursued by this interest group have consistently reflected the objectives set out in the ANC National Health Plan of 1994. The thesis maintains that given its frustration over the non-implementation of the ANC’s health policy objectives, the government interest group is likely to resort to direct political manipulation by passing legislation to alter the content of the current pharmacy curriculum. Such changes would seek to ensure that the syllabus more accurately reflects the ANC Plan’s community health and primary health care objectives. The thesis asserts that such an outcome (of direct political manipulation of the curriculum) is not inevitable, and can be avoided through a process of internally initiated change. It presents the findings of an interpretive case study into how the Rhodes University Community Experience Programme (CEP) influenced final year pharmacy students’ perceptions of the role of the pharmacist. The students’ comments were collected by means of focus group interviews, participant observation and documentary analysis. Whilst the CEP did not successfully transform their concept of the pharmacist’s role, it did succeed in influencing students’ understanding of the notions of community pharmacy and primary health care in line with the government interest group’s health objectives. This thesis concludes that internally initiated change within the pharmacy education system, would be preferable to that imposed through external political manipulation, as such change would be more likely to preserve the independent professional interests of pharmacy academics.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the supply of markers for the identification of syringes distributed by pharmacy needle exchanges and to determine if this product and service delivery offers a feasible method of marking syringes to promote the reduction of accidental sharing of syringes and needles amongst injecting drug users (IDU) and thereby reduce the risk of transmission of blood borne viruses (BBVs) and other related infections. This study involves the assessment, implementation and evaluation of syringe markers as a pilot study within three community pharmacy sites in Glasgow. The secondary aims of the study were to identify whether the supply of syringe markers from community pharmacy needle exchanges was acceptable to IDU and if it enabled them to mark their syringes. The literature review demonstrates that providing a means of identification of personal injecting equipment has been proposed as a viable option that should be promoted to prevent the inadvertent accidental sharing of syringes within a group setting. Needle exchanges (NEX) are important component parts of the harm reduction responses designed to reduce the physical health harms caused to individuals through injecting drug use. The literature is reviewed on BBV transmission and the historical, legal and policy context associated with the development of NEXs. Community pharmacies act as a source of health advice and can help to facilitate access to treatment services for those attending the NEX. However the specific aim of this study is not to investigate the totality of the benefits of a NEX but to examine the supply of a potential means of reducing accidental and unintentional sharing of all injecting equipment and thereby contribute to minimising some of the health harms linked to injecting drug use. Three established community pharmacies were identified as suitable sites to pilot the supply of syringe markers. A number of criteria were used to select the sites. These included an assessment of the geographic locations, staffing arrangements, NEX attendances and transactional activity and the availability of private consultation facilities. The health board central database which holds records on a range of factors including, the characteristics of those who attend NEX and detailed information on all transactions, was used to identify the most suitable sites to pilot the new intervention. This indicated that the characteristics of those who attended the three chosen sites were broadly similar to the wider NEX attending population. The evaluation was conducted in two separate periods. The first 4 week period was the supply phase where markers were distributed over this period to all patients receiving NEX packs from the 3 pharmacies. The second data collection phase was undertaken in the following 4 week period. Data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire. In order to reduce the potential interviewer bias it was decided to incorporate the use of peer researchers in the administration of the questionnaire. The Scottish Drugs Forum (SDF) was approached and agreement was reached to use members of the Service User Involvement Group (SUIG) to assist with the design and administration of the questionnaire. A submission was made to the health board Research Ethics Committee (REC) and approval was given to enable the study and the research evaluation to proceed. Before the start of the study, joint briefing and training sessions were held for pharmacy staff from the 3 sites and the 6 participating SUIG members. A total of 177 questionnaires were completed during the second data collection phase of the evaluation. Information was collected on personal details and injecting behaviours (including deliberate and accidental sharing), any current means of syringe identification, use of the markers and on the usefulness of the instruction card. Most individuals (75%, n=132) had been supplied with the markers to trial during the first supply phase of the study with 63% of the 132 (n=83) of those individuals reporting use of the markers. The results of the evaluation and subsequent analysis of the findings indicated that the syringe marker supply could be successfully implemented using pharmacy NEXs. The product and the supply method were acceptable to both staff and service users. Initial bivariate analysis was conducted using a number of dependent and independent variables identified within the questionnaire. These findings highlighted a number of areas worthy of further exploration, including emerging differences between male and female respondents, and indicated specific target groups for future developments in syringe identification. The contribution of the peer researchers was found to be a significant factor in successfully completing the evaluation. However it is not possible to make any definitive statements on how effective the intervention is in terms of reducing the transmission of BBVs and other related infections. The findings of the evaluation indicated a number of potential areas of work that could be usefully explored to investigate the effectiveness of the markers in reducing the transmission of infections. The limitations of the evaluation became apparent during the course of the study and the implications of these limitations are discussed.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Introduction. Clinical Pharmacy Services (CPS) have been growing worldwide and have positively impacted health outcomes. However, studies that go deep into the steps of CPS implementation in the healthcare networks of the Brazilian healthcare system (SUS) are incipient. Objective. To analyze the implementation and propose strategies for integrating CPS into healthcare networks. Methods. A study was carried out in the Recife city, in three steps, from July 2015 to October 2017. The first step corresponded to a quasi-experimental study (before and after), carried out through the problematization with the Maguerez Arc in order to implement CPS. The second step gathered two qualitative studies, conducted through focus groups and semi-structured interviews, in order to identify barriers, facilitators and strategies that influenced the implementation. The third step included a methodological development study, conducted through semi-structured interviews and a nominal group, to propose and prioritize CPS integration strategies for SUS. Participants in the study were pharmacists, health managers and decision-makers involved in implementation, patients and panel experts. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results. We carried out in the first step: i) initial evaluations (before): identified incipient CPS, deficiencies in the structure and work process of pharmacists; ii) planning: 16 brainstorming meetings and a strategic plan; iii) intervention: 22 political-administrative meetings were held with managers and health staff, 768 hours of theoretical-practical training with Mentoring for pharmacists; iv) preliminary evaluation (after): structure indicators presented a statistically significant difference, differently from the work process, and 1,465 pharmaceutical appointments were performed with 842 patients. It was possible to identify changes in the clinical status of the most prevalent diseases among the patients attended by three pharmaceutical appointments. In the second step, two focus groups were held with pharmacists and five interviews with health managers, which identified 43 barriers and 39 facilitators related to the healthcare networks, pharmacists, health team, implementation process and/or patients. In addition, 21 strategies related to pharmacists were identified as necessary for the implementation of CPS. In the third step, interviews were conducted with five managers and seven decision-makers who identified 21 barriers and 20 facilitators. From these results, specialists who composed the nominal group proposed 41 CPS integration strategies and prioritized the following: formalizing CPS; agreeing on care flows and referral protocols; evaluating and publicizing CPS results/benefits; planning and defining CPS; sensitizing the health managers. Conclusion. The analysis of the process identified factors that may have influenced the implementation of CPS, planning of the interventions and their application to reality, as well as in the prioritization of the strategies of integration of these services to SUS. Thus, the results obtained in this thesis can serve as a guide to help pharmacists, managers and decision-makers to plan, implement and integrate CPS in SUS. / Introdução. Serviços Clínicos Farmacêuticos (SCF) tem se expandido mundialmente e tem impactado positivamente nos resultados em saúde. Entretanto, estudos que se aprofundem nas etapas de implementação de SCF nas redes de atenção à saúde do sistema de saúde brasileiro (SUS) são incipientes. Objetivo. Analisar a implementação e propor estratégias para integração de SCF às redes de atenção à saúde. Métodos. Foi realizado estudo na cidade do Recife-PE, em três etapas, de julho/2015 a outubro/2017. A primeira etapa correspondeu a um estudo quasi-experimental (antes e depois), realizado por meio da metodologia da problematização com Arco de Maguerez, a fim de implementar SCF. A segunda etapa compreendeu dois estudos qualitativos, realizados por meio de grupos focais e entrevistas semiestruturadas, com a finalidade de identificar barreiras, facilitadores e estratégias que influenciaram na implementação dos SCF. A terceira etapa compreendeu estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupo nominal, para propor e priorizar estratégias de integração de SCF ao SUS. Os participantes do estudo foram farmacêuticos, gestores e decision-makers envolvidos na implementação dos SCF, pacientes e painel de especialistas. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados. Na primeira etapa foram realizados: i) diagnóstico situacional (antes): identificou SCF incipientes, carências na estrutura e no processo de trabalho dos farmacêuticos; ii) planejamento: foram realizadas 16 reuniões de brainstorming com diferentes atores e um cronograma de atividades; iii) intervenção: foram realizadas 22 reuniões político-administrativas com gestores e equipe de saúde, 768 horas de treinamento teórico-prático com Mentoring para os farmacêuticos; iv) avaliação preliminar (depois): indicadores de estrutura apresentaram diferença estatística significativa, diferentemente dos indicadores de processo, e foram realizadas 1.465 consultas farmacêuticas com 842 pacientes, impactando em mudanças na situação clínica das doenças mais prevalentes entre pacientes atendidos por três consultas. Na segunda etapa foram realizados dois grupos focais com farmacêuticos e cinco entrevistas com gestores, o que identificou 43 barreiras e 39 facilitadores relacionados à rede de saúde, farmacêuticos, equipe de saúde, processo de implementação e/ou pacientes. Ademais, 21 estratégias relacionadas aos farmacêuticos foram identificadas como necessárias à implementação de SCF. Na terceira etapa foram realizadas entrevistas com cinco gestores e sete decision-makers que identificaram 21 barreiras e 20 facilitadores. A partir destes resultados, especialistas que compuseram o grupo nominal propuseram 41 estratégias para integração de SCF e priorizaram as seguintes: institucionalizar os SCF; pactuar fluxos assistenciais e protocolos de encaminhamentos; avaliar e divulgar os resultados/benefícios dos SCF; planejar e definir SCF; sensibilizar a gestão. Conclusão. A análise do processo identificou fatores que podem ter influenciado na implementação de SCF, planejamento das intervenções e sua aplicação à realidade, bem como na priorização das estratégias de integração desses serviços ao SUS. Assim, os resultados obtidos nesta tese poderão servir como eixos norteadores para que farmacêuticos, gestores e decision-makers planejem, implementem e integrem SCF no SUS. / Aracaju

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