Because philanthropic support from alumni and their families is an important source of revenue for American colleges and universities, identifying ways to connect with Chinese students and cultivate philanthropic support from their parents is an essential component of fundraising efforts. In this study, I explored how American university advancement officers could employ guanxi to cultivate relationships with Chinese parent donors in order to increase U.S. higher education philanthropy efforts. The concept of guanxi, an important aspect of building and sustaining relationships in China, served as the focus for understanding Chinese parents’ connections with their children’s American universities. I employed a qualitative collective case study design using purposeful criterion sampling and conducted research with seven participants. The research findings inform the practice of American university fundraising. The researcher generated specific strategies for American university development officers to build and cultivate guanxi with Chinese parents in order to receive more donations from them. Recommendations for further research are also provided.

This study is designed to identify traits that enable the novice professional to advance toward expertise in fundraising in higher education. The goal was to develop a conceptual framework that explains how the novice professional can advance toward expertise in fundraising in the higher education sector. This study found that CFREs employed in higher education tend to be Caucasian females between 41 and 60 years of age who move between jobs more commonly and tend to have less formal education than the older males now heading toward retirement. Male or female, younger or more mature, CFREs in this study tended to have fallen into their current careers by accident or without formal training for the profession. CFREs tend to rely upon annual conferences and informal networking for professional development rather than formal education. CFREs in this study identified several traits requisite for expertise in the field, even if they did not exhibit some of those traits themselves. Based upon these findings, a model for skill acquisition in higher education fundraising is proposed, and based upon that model a set of recommendations is offered for revisions to the current qualification and testing of CFREs and for the development of curriculum that will foster expertise. This curriculum is both replicable at multiple sites and expandable to other institutions and to online delivery, providing the industry with a means by which to prepare more fundraising professionals to meet the growing need in the sector.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / At the end of the nineteenth century, the African-American population of Indianapolis increased, triggering a need for health care for the new emigrants from the South. Within the black population, some individuals pursued medical degrees to become physicians. At the same time, advances in medical treatment—especially surgical operations—shifted the most common site of care from patients’ homes to hospitals. Professionally trained nurses, mostly white, began to replace family members or untrained African-American nurses who previously delivered care to Black patients. Barriers of racial segregation kept both the Black doctors and Black nurses from practicing in the municipal City Hospital in Indianapolis. To remedy this problem, the city's African-American leaders undertook establishing healthcare institutions with nurse training schools during the first few years of the twentieth century. This thesis argues that the healthcare institution-building that occurred in the early twentieth century offered opportunities for the practice of self-help in the Black community. The institutions also created a bridge for Black-white relations because the Black hospitals attracted the support of prominent white leaders. Good health and health care for the sick or injured were necessary to achieve racial uplift, and healthcare consumption became an indicator of social status and economic success. Racially segregated institutions afforded doctors and nurses a chance to increase their expertise and prove they were capable of functioning in the public hospital system. After a decade of working in separate institutions, the Black community prepared to push for full access to the city's tax-supported City Hospital as a civil right.

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[pt] Essa pesquisa aborda Assistência Social e Filantropia a partir da discussão sobre legislação e reordenamento. Mais especificamente, se buscou o aprofundamento do debate acerca da filantropia no contexto católico, correlacionando o campo teórico à experiência profissional, com o objetivo de compreender o reordenamento das Entidades de Assistência Social, com caráter religioso católico, aos atuais marcos regulatórios da Assistência Social, a partir da experiência de assessoramento da Arquidiocese de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro. As entidades filantrópicas são protagonistas no desenvolvimento da assistência no Brasil, e após a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/88), foi previsto que o Estado tem a principal responsabilidade no provimento do que garante a Assistência Social. Planejamos essa pesquisa com base na experiência de assessoria realizada pela equipe de Serviço Social da Arquidiocese do Rio de Janeiro, no intuito de maiores aproximações aos marcos regulatórios do SUAS – Sistema Único de Assistência Social. Para guiar o aprofundamento da temática buscou-se alcançar os seguintes objetivos: analisar as mudanças na prestação de serviços em Entidades de Assistência Social, assessoradas pelo Serviço Social da Arquidiocese de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, após a implementação da Lei número 12.101/2009; analisar como os assistentes sociais e gestores qualificam o reordenamento das Entidades de Assistência Social; identificar as especificidades das Entidades de Assistência Social enquanto entidades de matriz religiosa católica sob a perspectiva do assistente social; identificar os desafios vivenciados e estratégias desenvolvidas pelo Serviço Social durante o processo de reordenamento. / [en] This research adresses Social Assistance, Philanthropy from the discussion about legislation and reorganization. More specifically, we sought to deepen the debate about philanthropy in the Catholic context, correlating the theoretical field with professional experience, with the objective of understanding the reorganization of Social Welfare Entities, with a Catholic religious character, to the current regulatory frameworks of Social Assistance, based on the advisory experience of the Archdiocese of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro. Philanthropic institutions are protagonists in the development of care in Brazil, and after the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF / 88), it was foreseen that the State has the main responsibility for providing Social Assistance. We plan this research based on the advisory experience carried out by the Social Service team of the Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro, in order to better approximate the regulatory frameworks of SUAS - Sistema Único de Assistência Social. In order to guide the deepening of the thematic, the following objectives were pursued: to analyze the changes in the provision of services in Social Welfare Entities, assisted by the Social Work of the Archdiocese of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, after the implementation of Law no. 12.101/2009; analyze how the social workers and managers qualify the reorganization of the Social Assistance Entities; to identify the specificities of Social Welfare Entities as Catholic religious institutions under the perspective of the social worker; identify the challenges experienced and strategies developed by the Social Service during the reordering process.

CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) innebär att ett företag ska ta ansvar för hur de påverkar samhället, ur såväl miljömässigt, etiskt, socialt samt ekonomiskt perspektiv. Sedan 1950-talet har begreppet socialt ansvar uppmärksammats och etablerats inom företagsvärlden. Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka om CSR som strategi kan vara ett verktyg för ett hållbart företagande och om CSR kan ge en långsiktig lönsamhet på marknaden. För att kunna skapa en förståelse kring komplexiteten inom CSR samt analysera empirin utgår vi från Carrolls CSR-pyramid som en grundläggande modell för att därefter byggas på med den utvecklade tre-stegsmodellen. Vidare ges en genomgång av Lucas teori om strategisk miljöledning för att slutligen presentera Mintzbergs organisationsteori för att visa hur olika verksamheter kan se ut. Med ett abduktivt förhållningssätt har den kvalitativa studien baserats på intervjuer. Vårt urval för intervjuerna var CSR-ansvariga från olika branscher som ingår i nätverket CSR-Skåne. Studiens resultat påvisar att fallföretagen på skilda vis uttrycker en problematik med att integrera CSR i hela verksamheten. Även det filantropiska synsättet blir en utmaning eftersom det ofta uppstår en separering mellan företagens affärsstrategi och de filantropiska aktiviteter som bedrivs. Slutligen presenteras vår egen modell som ger en tydlig bild för hur CSR-arbete bör se ut. Här suddas filantropin ut och genom integrerad CSR-strategi skapas ett gemensamt värde. / CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) is a business model that advocates companies to take responsibility for their environmental, ethical, social and economic impact on society. Since the 1950s the concept of social responsibility established and grown on the business market. The purpose of our thesis is to investigate whether CSR as a strategy can be a tool for sustainable business and if it can provide a long term profitability for a company. We used our theoretical framework in order to understand the complexity of CSR and be able to analyze our empirical data. “The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility”, by Archie Carroll, is introduced as a basic model followed by the more expanded “Three Domain Model”. To understand how environmental management works in practice we introduce Lucas, followed by Mintzbergs theory about organizations and how their various activities can look like. With an abductive approach is this qualitative study based on interviews. Our data selection were CSR managers from various industries within the network CSR-Skåne. Based on the empirical data two main categories where identified; integration and separation and the different approaches of philanthropic. Our results demonstrate that the case companies, in different ways express problems when it comes to the integration of CSR. The philanthropic approach is a challenge as well, it often occurs a separation between companies´ business strategy and philanthropic activities. To close this thesis we present our own model that provides a clear picture of how CSR a business model should look like. The philanthropy is wiped out and an integrated business strategy creates a shared value.

2023 / For nearly a century Boston’s upper-class residents sought to keep what they believed was “pernicious and dangerous” sexual health knowledge from poor, nonwhite, and working-class citizens. Access to sexual health resources, especially information about contraception, operated on a two-tiered system. By tacitly endorsing the use of substandard contraception under the guise of “feminine hygiene” for some while willfully turning a blind eye to medically sound usage by others, Bostonians tried to both restrict knowledge and simultaneously pretend as though that knowledge did not exist. “Banned in Boston”: The Battle over Birth Control in the Last State to Legalize It, 1879-1972 explores how and why birth control proponents proved unsuccessful at overturning this status quo for so many years. This study centers two major sexual health organizations, the Massachusetts Society for Social Hygiene and the Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts, and examines their diverging ideologies. Based on extensive research in the archival collections of the American Social Hygiene Association, the Birth Control League of Massachusetts, the Boston Council of Social Agencies, the Massachusetts Society for Social Hygiene, the Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts, and the Parents’ Aid Society, as well as the papers of Blanche Ames Ames, Bill Baird, Lester W. Dearborn, and Lucile Lord-Heinstein, Banned in Boston argues that birth control advocates had multiple opportunities to nullify the state’s laws banning contraception but were unable to sufficiently marshal their forces to do so. As this dissertation demonstrates, each organization sought to consolidate its own control over public reproductive knowledge while also fending off challenges from a powerful cadre of rivals. Set against the backdrop of a rapidly diversifying greater Boston, Banned in Boston incorporates analyses of the city’s philanthropic, racial, social, and sexual landscapes to explain how and why Massachusetts became the last state in the Union to legalize contraceptive information for all adults. / 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z

This dissertation examines three relationships between nature centers and their local communities. First, what are the values provided by local centers as perceived by community members? Second, what factors lead community members to support local centers? And third, what are the constraints to visiting local centers as perceived by community members? We surveyed random samples of community members living around 16 diverse nature centers across the United States and conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses to address these questions. Chapter one introduces the study and provides a literature review of theories and empirical research related to the research questions. Chapter two reports the results of an exploratory factor analysis on the level of importance communities assign to fourteen nature center services. The factor analysis revealed four underlying values: environmental connection, leisure provision, civic engagement, and community resilience. Chapter three tests sixteen hypothesized predictors of community support for nature centers. All these variables were significant, suggesting people volunteer at, donate to, or respond to threats at nature centers for a range of reasons. These include those related to supporting nature center missions (e.g. environmental connection significance and commitment to nature) but also other reasons such as friends' and family's perceptions of nature centers and assessments of the center staff members. Chapter four explores constraints that emerge during different stages of the decision-making process people go through when considering whether or not to visit a local nature center. The greatest constraints emerge in early stages (e.g. center awareness) and late stages (e.g. limited finances, transportation, and time) of decision-making. Chapter five discusses the study's implications to theory, including ecosystem service and educational leisure setting valuation, environmentally significant and charitable support behavior, and leisure constraints, as well as nature center practice. Centers that consider these implications might better serve their local communities and achieve their missions. / Ph. D.