Inaug.-Diss.--Bern. / "Benützte Quellen und Literatur": p. v-vii.

Thesis (M.A.)--Catholic University of America, 1986. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-106).

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Fachbereich Geschichtswissenschaften--Frankfurt am Main--Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Wintersemester 1994/95. / Bibliogr. p. 484-511. Index.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Histoire de l'art et archéologie médiévales : Lyon 2 : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

This thesis analyzes the corporeal origin of theoretical works in XVI$ sp{ rm th}$ century French architecture. A comparison of Philibert de l'Orme's treatises and Francois Rabelais' work allows for a dynamic awareness of materiality to emerge. During the Renaissance, this awareness was based on analogical relationships and Hermetic texts. However, whether one looks at the theory of the Elements, the concept of Proportion, the microcosm-macrocosm interplay, or even the Cardinal Virtues, it appears that the references were always traced back to the everyday experience of the body. Confronted with the mechanistic and objectifying conceptualizations that dominate today, this thesis supports the crucial role the architect must play in the bringing forth of places that allow for a perception of the body closer to apprenticeship than to domination.

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Traditionnellement perçu comme expression de la politique impériale de Marguerite d’Autriche, régente des Pays-Bas, dans le duché de Savoie dont elle était douairière en Bresse, le couvent Saint-Nicolas de Tolentin à Brou monumentalise en fait la dévotion de son défunt époux Philibert II. Le souverain avait hérité des derniers ducs de la branche aînée son inclination ignorée pour l’influente congrégation observante des Augustins de Lombardie qui participant de la création renaissante, fournit, transcrit dans un style local, le schéma claustral de Brou. L’idée maîtresse de Marguerite fut le prestige de la Renaissance, découverte au dôme Saint-Jean de Turin. A l’encontre des lectures erronées du XIXe siècle, la princesse ne s’inspira pas de Champmol. Pour son italianisme, elle confia les tombeaux et l’église au français Perréal. Seules des impossibilités pratiques l’amenèrent à recruter fin 1512 le bruxellois van Boghem. Son art et son réseau brabançons accompagnaient le tropisme ibérique de la cour de Bourgogne mais dès 1524-25, il insuffla à Brou les touches maniéristes que permettait la pénétration de la Renaissance aux Pays-Bas, plus tardive qu’en France. Le programme de l’église sotériologique emphatise la piété du duc et à un second rang, celle de la maison de Marguerite, mais aussi les devoirs du regnum, que Philibert et sa veuve exercèrent dans des pays distincts : ils culminent dans l’exercice de la justice dont le modèle est le Christ du Jugement dernier qui jadis, figurait sur le vitrail nord du transept de Brou. Marguerite signa l’œuvre : promouvant l’échange compassionnel, elle incitait autant à la conversion de chacun qu’à la prière d’intercession et à la mémoire, par-delà les siècles, de l’archiduchesse dont la naissance d’exception, impériale, avait engagé la vie et le monument d’exception. / Instead of expressing, as it is traditionally regarded, the imperial politics in Savoy of Margaret of Austria, regent of the Netherlands, the convent Saint Nicolas of Tolentino in Brou she erected in her dower of Bresse embodies the devotion of her late husband Philibert II, duke of Savoy. The sovereign had received from the last dukes of the eldest branch that unrecognized inclination towards the soaring observant congregation of the Austin Friars of Lombardia, which joined the Renaissance and provided the claustral scheme of Brou. Margaret’s main idée was the search of the Renaissance she had discovered through the Duomo San Giovanni of Torino. Against the incorrect readings of the XIXth century, she was not inspired by Champmol. She entrusted the graves and the church of Brou to the Italianizing French artist Perréal, and only practical impediments prompted her to sign on van Boghem at the end of 1512. His brabantine Gothic’s practice and circle accorded to the Spanish tropism of the burgundian court but around 1524-1525, the arrival of the Renaissance in the Netherlands allowed him to bring mannerist accents. The iconology of Brou reveals its soteriological aim. It magnifies the duke’s devotion and at a second rank, the one of Margaret’s house, but also the duties of the regnum that Philibert and his widow both practiced in different countries. Their acme is the ministry of Justice whose reference is the Christ of the Last Judgment, which once figured on the lost northern glass window of the transept. Margaret signed the work: ruled by a will of compassion and exchange, it induced anyone both to the conversion for one’s own salvation, to intercede for the princes, and to remind through ages the memory of the archduchess, whose exceptional imperial birth had involved her unique life and memorial.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo detalhado de alguns relatos publicados na América Latina durante o pós-guerra, período em que as concepções dominantes sobre o humano entram em crise e nota-se um inegável interesse em problematizar os conceitos sobre humanidade e animalidade, por meio da ficção. A análise desses contos, considerados pertencentes ao modo fantástico da literatura, indaga sobre como o sentimento perturbador que caracteriza esse estilo pode surgir a partir da peculiar relação que se estabelece entre o humano e o animal, e mais especificamente, da transgressão das fronteiras que separam esses dois universos, que sob uma perspectiva logocêntrica moderna - parecem tão distanciados: a cultura e a natureza. Os relatos escolhidos pertencem aos seguintes livros: Bestiario (1951) de Julio Cortázar, Confabulario (1952) de Juan José Arreola, Mundo Animal (1953) e Cuentos Claros (1957), de Antonio Di Benedetto, e dois contos de Felisberto Hernández, \"Cocodrilo\" (1949) e \"La mujer parecida a mí\" (1949). Ainda que não faça parte do corpus, é importante mencionar El libro de los Seres Imaginarios (1967), de Jorge Luis Borges, por sua importância na investigação do tema. / This work presents a detailed study about some specific short stories published in Latin America during the postwar period, when the dominant conceptions about the human being fall in crisis and it is observed an undeniable interest in problematizing concepts of humanity and animality, through the fiction. The analysis of these reports, considered part of the fantastic literature, aims to investigate how the disturbing feeling that characterizes the fantasy can arise from the peculiar relationship established between the man and the animal, and more specifically, from the erosion of the boundaries separating these two worlds, which under a modern and logocentric perspective - seem to be so distant: culture and nature. The cited stories have been selected from the following books: Bestiario (1951) by Julio Cortázar, Confabulario (1952) by Juan José Arreola, Mundo Animal (1953) and Cuentos Claros (1957), by Antonio Di Benedetto, and two tales of Philibert Hernández, \"Crocodilo\" (1949) and \"La mujer parecida a mí \"(1949). Although it is not part of the corpus, El libro de los Seres Imaginarios (1967) by Jorge Luis Borges, is mentioned due to its importance to the investigation of the subject.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo detalhado de alguns relatos publicados na América Latina durante o pós-guerra, período em que as concepções dominantes sobre o humano entram em crise e nota-se um inegável interesse em problematizar os conceitos sobre humanidade e animalidade, por meio da ficção. A análise desses contos, considerados pertencentes ao modo fantástico da literatura, indaga sobre como o sentimento perturbador que caracteriza esse estilo pode surgir a partir da peculiar relação que se estabelece entre o humano e o animal, e mais especificamente, da transgressão das fronteiras que separam esses dois universos, que sob uma perspectiva logocêntrica moderna - parecem tão distanciados: a cultura e a natureza. Os relatos escolhidos pertencem aos seguintes livros: Bestiario (1951) de Julio Cortázar, Confabulario (1952) de Juan José Arreola, Mundo Animal (1953) e Cuentos Claros (1957), de Antonio Di Benedetto, e dois contos de Felisberto Hernández, \"Cocodrilo\" (1949) e \"La mujer parecida a mí\" (1949). Ainda que não faça parte do corpus, é importante mencionar El libro de los Seres Imaginarios (1967), de Jorge Luis Borges, por sua importância na investigação do tema. / This work presents a detailed study about some specific short stories published in Latin America during the postwar period, when the dominant conceptions about the human being fall in crisis and it is observed an undeniable interest in problematizing concepts of humanity and animality, through the fiction. The analysis of these reports, considered part of the fantastic literature, aims to investigate how the disturbing feeling that characterizes the fantasy can arise from the peculiar relationship established between the man and the animal, and more specifically, from the erosion of the boundaries separating these two worlds, which under a modern and logocentric perspective - seem to be so distant: culture and nature. The cited stories have been selected from the following books: Bestiario (1951) by Julio Cortázar, Confabulario (1952) by Juan José Arreola, Mundo Animal (1953) and Cuentos Claros (1957), by Antonio Di Benedetto, and two tales of Philibert Hernández, \"Crocodilo\" (1949) and \"La mujer parecida a mí \"(1949). Although it is not part of the corpus, El libro de los Seres Imaginarios (1967) by Jorge Luis Borges, is mentioned due to its importance to the investigation of the subject.

L'objectif de ce projet de recherche était d'approfondir notre compréhension des liens entre communauté et cinéma, rendus possibles par et pour le film documentaire, à travers l'analyse des interactions entre le cinéaste, la personne filmée et le spectateur. L'expérience cinématographique sera analysée d'une part en tant que pratique sociale à travers la prise en considération du contexte de production des films. D'autre part, le film sera aussi considéré comme expérience imaginaire de sociabilité. Les trois films de notre corpus s'intéressent à des expériences communautaires atypiques et mettent en scène des relations fragiles et précaires avec des personnes souffrant de troubles sociaux majeurs, c'est-à-dire des psychotiques, des déficients intellectuels profonds ou des autistes. C'est à partir de l'expérience de l'apparente insociabilité de ces individus que nous réfléchirons au lien d'accompagnement ainsi qu'au concept de care qui seront envisagés, aussi, comme pouvant traduire la relation particulière qui a lieu entre le spectateur et le film. En effet, le cinéma permet l'élaboration d'une expérience relationnelle construite dans les œuvres médiatiques. Le dispositif filmique donne l'occasion au spectateur d'expérimenter des postures morales et affectives nouvelles. Nous tiendrons compte, au cours de ce mémoire, de la façon dont les choix esthétiques du cinéaste peuvent éduquer et faire évoluer la sensibilité du spectateur. Nous essaierons aussi de souligner les différents jeux de pouvoir et d'influence entre les trois instances que sont le cinéaste, la personne filmée et le spectateur. Après avoir décrit le cadre et les enjeux théoriques du projet, le premier chapitre concernera le film La Moindre des choses (1996) dans lequel Nicolas Philibert filme, jour après jour, les pensionnaires de la clinique psychiatrique de la Borde. Ce film nous a servi de prétexte pour penser ou repenser la place du spectateur comme étant inclus dans la relation entre le cinéaste et la personne filmée et cela à partir de cette phrase d'un des protagonistes du film : « On est entre nous, mais vous aussi, vous êtes entre nous. » Le deuxième chapitre s'intéressera au film Ce Gamin là (1985) de Renaud Victor qui cherche à faire voir au spectateur ce que le projet de Fernand Deligny de vivre dans les Cévennes en compagnie d'enfants autistes a d'original et de particulier. Nous pensons que l'enfant autiste nous amène à dépasser nos expériences de sociabilités habituelles. Le lien d'accompagnement d'enfants autistes, puisque toujours fragile et précaire, révèle quelque chose sur nos façons d'avoir du commun. L'étude des médias et de la médiation est pertinente parce qu'elle nous permet de multiplier et de diversifier les modes de communications. Dans Ce Gamin-là, bien que les images permettent au cinéaste de rendre compte de l'événement d'un contact, l'accent sera mis sur l'analyse du commentaire de Deligny, puisqu'il accompagne le spectateur dans l'appréhension d'une réalité qui lui est étrangère. Ce film nous a aussi appris que l’étude des techniques utilisées nous renseigne sur les différentes façons de dire ou de montrer un lien communautaire, affectif ou social particulier. Le Moindre Geste (1971) qui permet à Yves Guignard, déficient intellectuel sévère, de devenir le héros d'un film, se distingue des deux autres films de par la distinction radicale entre les deux étapes du tournage et du montage. Le troisième chapitre se concentrera, d'une part, sur l'analyse de la relation qui se développe entre Yves et Josée Manenti à la caméra. Ensuite, nous verrons de quelle façon le jeu du montage de Jean-Pierre Daniel laisse une grande liberté à Yves, mais aussi au spectateur en multipliant les possibilités d'interprétations. / This master's thesis explores the interactions between community and cinema through the analysis of three films about people with mental disorders, intellectual disability and autism. Special attention will be given to the interactions between the filmmaker, the filmed person and the viewer in a documentary film context. Our study of the interactions between cinema and sociality will consider two things. First, cinema is seen as a social practice through the material aspect of film production. Second, we will adopt an aesthetic approach as an analysis of the imaginary social experience created by cinema. Our corpus integrates three movies showing atypical community experiences and fragile relationships. The thesis pays special attention to the possible interactions with young autistics through the concept of supportive care, which in a way reflects the filmmaker's relationship with the viewer. In such, cinema permits relational experiences to be constructed through the medias. The cinematographic fabric gives the viewer the opportunity to experiment with new moral and affective perspectives. In this thesis, we will consider how the aesthetic choices of the filmmaker can educate the viewer's sensitivity. Also, we will try to underline the different mechanisms of power and influence engaging the filmmaker, the filmed person and the viewer. In the first chapter, we will study the movie La Moindre des choses (1996) in which Nicolas Philibert films, day after day, the residents of a psychiatric institution. The movie enables us to think or to rethink the viewer's position as one included in a small community formed by the filmmaker, the filmed person and the viewer, based on one of the protagonist's lines : « We're among ourselves, but you're also among us ». The second chapter examines the movie Ce Gamin-là (1985) in which Renaud Victor shows the particular nature of Fernand Deligny's project of living amongst autistic children in a rural French community. We don't think that autism signifies that no bonding is possible. The autistic child helps us go beyond our ordinary social experiences and find other ways of being together. The analysis of medias and mediation is relevant, since it helps multiply and diversify our channels of communications. The movie Le Moindre Geste (1971) gives a central role to Yves Guignard, a severely intellectually disabled men. The particularity of this movie is that it shows the radical segregation between the filming step and the editing step. The third chapter will focus first on the analysis of the relationship that develops between Yves Guignard and the camerawoman, and then on the editing role of Jean-Pierre Daniel and how it gives Yves Guignard greater liberty, which consequently helps the viewer experience multiple interpretation possibilities.