O estudo avalia a assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica na Unidade de Medicina FÃsica e ReabilitaÃÃo do Hospital da PolÃcia Militar em Fortaleza-CE, sob a Ãptica dos usuÃrios. O inquÃrito foi constituÃdo por um questionÃrio, com questÃes fechadas e abertas, agrupadas em seis aspectos: 1. perfil sociodemogrÃfico e nosolÃgico; 2. acesso ao serviÃo; 3. caracterÃsticas gerais do serviÃo; 4. caracterÃsticas da assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica; 5. percepÃÃo da funÃÃo como usuÃrios e 6. satisfaÃÃo do usuÃrio. O instrumento foi aplicado aos 172 usuÃrios presentes na InstituiÃÃo entre setembro a novembro de 2002. Os dados/informaÃÃes coletados, referentes aos aspectos quantitativos, e as informaÃÃes quantificadas a partir da anÃlise de conteÃdo temÃtica, foram analisados atravÃs do software EPI INFO versÃo 6.04b, aplicando a razÃo de proporÃÃo e a prova do qui-quadrado, com o nÃvel de significÃncia de 5%. Sob a Ãptica dos usuÃrios, os dados/informaÃÃes desta pesquisa parecem apontar para uma assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica satisfatÃria nos aspectos de processo e resultados do atendimento nesta unidade, apesar da deficiÃncia em alguns itens de estrutura. Os fatores que se mostraram associados com a satisfaÃÃo do atendimento fisioterapÃutico foram: a faixa etÃria (p=0.00019); a quantidade de equipamentos (p=0.02117); a conservaÃÃo dos equipamentos (p=0.00017); o atendimento na recepÃÃo (p=0.00541); informar prognÃstico fisioterapÃutico (p=0.00235); informar tratamento fisioterapÃutico (p=0.01101); informar evoluÃÃo (p=0.00014); orientar cuidados durante as atividades diÃrias (p=0.00141); fisioterapeuta demonstra interesse em conhecer as dÃvidas dos usuÃrios e procura ajudÃ-lo (p=0.00009); a relaÃÃo fisioterapeuta-usuÃrio (p=0.00004); expectativas atendidas (p=0.00009); algo que gostaria de receber e nÃo està recebendo â necessidades (p=0.000003); e a satisfaÃÃo com o resultado parcial da assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica (p=0.00076). Entretanto, esses aspectos devem ser considerados com certa precauÃÃo, para nÃo perpetuar o status quo dos usuÃrios, dando uma falsa condiÃÃo satisfatÃria ao serviÃo, pois a maioria dos entrevistados provavelmente exercia funÃÃo passiva como consumidores deste serviÃo no sistema de saÃde. AlÃm desse aspecto, tais conclusÃes nÃo nos permitem de forma precisa responder à pergunta contida em um dos nossos objetivos: âQual foi o nÃvel de qualidade da assistÃncia prestada?â. Isso porque nos faltam critÃrios padrÃes explicativos aplicÃveis ao nosso meio. O desenvolvimento desses critÃrios de qualidade deveria ser um objeto prioritÃrio de futuras pesquisas na Ãrea da avaliaÃÃo qualitativa em assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica. Observa-se que a qualidade da assistÃncia fisioterapÃutica, neste estudo, tambÃm depende das condiÃÃes objetivas para o funcionamento da Unidade. NÃo basta a satisfaÃÃo individual, quanto Ãs necessidades e expectativas, pois à necessÃria tambÃm toda uma gama de relaÃÃes e de condiÃÃes materiais para que os serviÃos prestem um atendimento de qualidade.

O cuidado com as áreas doadoras de enxertos de pele merece constante atenção, visto que desencadeia desconforto por dor e restrição de movimentos. Existem evidências de que a estimulação elétrica pode acelerar a cicatrização de feridas e produzir analgesia, e que diferentes parâmetros físicos podem interferir nas respostas apresentadas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da polaridade da corrente na cicatrização e na dor. Para tanto foram comparados os efeitos da estimulação elétrica de alta voltagem (EAV), polarizada, e a estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (ENT), despolarizada, no tratamento das áreas doadoras de pacientes queimados. Para tanto, foram avaliados 48 voluntários do sexo masculino randomizados em três grupos: submetidos à estimulação elétrica de alta voltagem (GEAV), média idade de 34,2(±9,8) anos, n=17; submetidos à estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (GENT), com 34(±9,5) anos, n= 16; e não submetido à estimulação elétrica ou grupo controle (GC) média de idade 35(±9,5 anos), n= 15. Os procedimentos terapêuticos foram aplicados nas extremidades da área doadora, no primeiro pós-operatório, até a epitelização completa. As variáveis avaliadas foram avaliação clínica, o tempo (dias) de epitelização, estimado pelo desprendimento do curativo primário sobre a lesão, avaliação da dor pela escala numérica de dor, a temperatura cutânea pela termografia infravermelha, qualidade da cicatriz (book de fotos, escala ® Vancouver, software Image J ). Após a análise dos dados, foi aplicado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk, em seguida o comportamento pré e pós-intervenção intragrupo foi aplicado o teste Wilcoxon. Para comparação entre os grupos foi efetuado teste de Kruskal-Wallis seguido de post-hoc de Dunn, em todos os casos foi utilizado o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Os achados apontam que o tempo de desprendimento do curativo Rayon das áreas doadoras foi significativamente menor para GEAV apresentando (p<0,033). Houve redução significativa da dor (p<0,05) para o GEAV e para o GENT, quando comparado ao GC. A quantidade relacionada a solicitação de analgésicos foi reduzida para os grupos estimulados, com diferença significativa do GEAV versus GC (p<0,002) e GENT versus GC (p<0,001). Não houve diferença significativa na temperatura cutânea entre os grupos. Não houve diferença significativa no escore final da escala Vancouver e nem quantidade de crostas entre os grupos. A polaridade da corrente pode ter influenciado no tempo de epitelização, porém não interferiu na dor e na qualidade da área doadora. / The cares with donor areas of skin grafts deserve constant attention, since it triggers discomfort due to pain and movement restriction. There are evidences that electric stimulation may accelerate wound healing and produce pain relief. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric current polarity on the healing and pain. Therefore, the effects of stimulation on high voltage pulsed current (HVPC) and nervous transcutaneous stimulation (TENS) were compared in the treatment of donor areas of burns victims. Therefore, 48 volunteers of the male sex were randomized between three groups: submitted to high voltage pulsed current stimulation (GHVPC), with 34.2 (± 9.8) years, n=17; submitted to nervous transcutaneous stimulation (GTENS), with 34 (±9.5) years, n=16; and nonsubmitted to stimulation group, or control group (GC), average age of 35 (± 9,5) years, n=15. The therapeutic procedures were applied on the edges of the donor area, at the first postoperative, until complete healing. The evaluated variables were ephitelization time (days), estimated by the unfastening of the primary curative on the wound, evaluation of pain by numerical scale of pain, skin temperature by infrared thermography, scar quality (photo book, Vancouver scale and Image J® software). After data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied, and the Wilcoxon test was applied to the before and after intervention. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn post-hoc was used to compare the groups. In all cases, the significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was used. The findings indicate that the time of release of the Rayon dressing from the donor sites was significantly reduced for GEAV (p <0.033). A reduction of pain relief was significant (p<0.05) for the GEAV and for the GENT, when compared to the GC. Amount the number of solitation for analgesic drugs was decreased for the groups stimulated with significant difference of the GEAV verse GC (p<0.002) and GENT verse GC (p <0.001). Change in cutaneous temperature was not significant between groups. There was no difference significant in score of Vancouver scale and in the number of crusts in the groups. The polarity of the current might have influenced the healing time, however not the pain nor the quality of the donor site.

A relação entre dor no ombro e a discinese escapular (DE) é ainda incerta. Diferenças entre participantes com e sem DE têm sido demonstradas na literatura, com enfoque na quantidade de movimento escapular em graus específicos de elevação do úmero. No entanto, essa abordagem não considera a forma das séries temporais que representam os movimentos escapulares. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) pode aprofundar o atual conhecimento dos padrões \"anormais\" da escápula por considerar a colinearidade e a variabilidade presentes nas séries temporais cinemáticas. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a cinemática escapular em pacientes com dor no ombro e participantes assintomáticos com e sem DE usando a ACP. Dados foram coletados em 98 participantes separados em quatro grupos: Dor+DE (n=24), Dor (n=25), Sem Dor+DE (n=24), e Sem dor (n=25). Os dados cinemáticos foram capturados por um sistema de captura de movimento eletromagnético durante as fases de elevação e abaixamento do braço. ACP e análise de variância foram utilizadas para comparar os grupos. O grupo Sem Dor+DE apresentou progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior ao longo da fase de elevação do braço comparado aos grupos sem DE, Dor (tamanho de efeito = 0.79) e Sem Dor (tamanho de efeito = 0.80). Durante a fase de abaixamento do braço, o grupo Dor+DE apresentou progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior ao longo da fase comparado ao grupo Sem Dor+DE (tamanho de efeito = 0.68). Assim, a ACP demonstrou diferenças no padrão da inclinação anterior da escápula relacionada a presença de DE e dor. A presença de DE revelou um padrão com progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior da escápula ao longo da fase de elevação. No entanto, durante a fase de abaixamento, participantes assintomáticos com DE modificaram seu padrão de movimento, diferente do grupo sintomático, reforçando a sugerida associação entre modificações no movimento escapular e sintomas no ombro. / The relationship between shoulder pain and scapular dyskinesis (SDK) is still unclear. Differences between participants with and without SDK have been demonstrated, focusing on the amount of scapular motion at specific degrees of humeral elevation. However, this approach does not consider the shape of the scapular motion temporal series. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) may advance current understanding of \'abnormal\' movement patterns by considering the collinearity and the variability present in the kinematic temporal series. This study aimed to evaluate the scapular kinematics in patients with shoulder pain and in asymptomatic participants with and without SDK using PCA. Data were collected in 98 participants separated in four groups: Pain+SDK (n=24), Pain (n=25), No Pain+SDK (n=24), and No Pain (n=25). Scapulothoracic kinematic data were measured with an electromagnetic tracking device during arm elevation and lowering phases. PCA and analysis of variance were used to compare the groups. The No Pain+SDK group had a progressive increasing in anterior tilt over the elevation phase compared to the Pain (effect size=0.79) and No Pain (effect size=0.80) groups. During the arm-lowering, the Pain+SDK group had a progressive increasing in anterior tilt over this phase in comparison to the No Pain+SDK group (effect size=0.68). Therefore, PCA demonstrated differences in the scapular anterior tilt related to SDK and shoulder pain. The presence of SDK revealed a scapular pattern with progressive increasing in anterior tilt over the elevation phase. However, during the arm-lowering phase, asymptomatic participants with SDK changed their motion pattern, unlike the symptomatic group, reinforcing the suggested association between scapular modifications and shoulder symptoms.

Orientador: Ibsen Bellini Coimbra / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T03:33:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mascarin_NaryanaCristina_M.pdf: 2009638 bytes, checksum: 2e824addb63e36ea1e6dc1e178f27f1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Introdução: Esse estudo envolve o tratamento fisioterapeutico da osteoartrite (OA) de joelho, uma das patologias que mais acometem idosos, embora as pessoas de varias faixas etárias também possam ser acometidas, principalmente mulheres com mais de 45 anos. Osteoartrite (OA) e uma doença da cartilagem articular que envolve as articulacoes sinoviais, como joelho, quadril, coluna, mãos e pés. Os pacientes queixam-se de dor, rigidez articular e edema. O surgimento dessa enfermidade pode ter influencias de varios fatores como raca, genética, hormonais, deformidades, traumas e muitos outros. A fisioterapia dispoe de varias modalidades terapêuticas para diminuir os sintomas da OA de joelho, entre elas a neuroestimulacao eletrica transcutanea, o ultra-som, alongamento e exercícios isométricos, as quais foram utilizadas nesse estudo. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi determinar quais desses tratamentos fisioterapeuticos foram mais eficientes para a dor, rigidez articular e amplitude de movimento na OA de joelhos, em uma amostra de casos. Material e Metodo: Para a pesquisa foram selecionados sessenta pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade acima de 45 anos com diagnostico de OA de joelho, sendo divididos em tres grupos de vinte pessoas para cada modalidade de tratamento: o primeiro grupo foi tratado com exercícios apenas (EX), o segundo com exercícios e neuroestimulacao elétrica transcutanea (TENS) e o terceiro com exercícios e ultrasom (US). Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados a escala visual analogica (EVA), o questionário "WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index" e o teste de resistência "six minutes walking" (caminhada de seis minutos). Resultado: O tratamento mostrou-se eficaz nas pacientes de OA de joelho nos 3 grupos amostrais, que apresentaram uma redução da dor, melhora da rigidez articular, melhora da amplitude de movimento, reducao do peso, melhora da caminhada e melhor qualidade de vida para suas atividades diárias. Discussão: O grupo EX mostrou-se com melhor desempenho no questionário WOMAC, em todos os domínios. / Abstract: Introduction: This study involves the physiotherapeutic treatment of the knee osteoarthritis (OA) one of the most prevalent diseases of the elderly, although it could be present in people of any age, mainly women with more than 45 years. Osteoarthritis is a disease that involves the joint structures, mainly the articular cartilage from the synovial joints, such as knee, hip, column, hands and feet. The patients complain of pain, stiffness and edema. The sprouting of this disease can be influenced by some factors including race, genetics, hormones, deformities, traumas and many others. The physiotherapy has some therapeutic modalities to diminish the symptoms of the OA of knee, among them the transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, the ultrasound, flexibility and the isometrics exercises, which had been used in this study. The objective of this study was to determine which of these physiotherapeutic treatments was more efficient for pain, articular stiffness and range of movement (ROM) in the treatment of the OA of knees. Material and Methods: Sixty female patients were selected, with age above of 45 years with diagnosis of OA of the knee. They were randomized in three groups of twenty people for each modality of treatment. Pain was assessed using the visual analogical scale (VAS). We also analyzed the resistance test "six minute walking and the questionnaire "Womac Osteoarthritis Index" was used in order to verify the patients quality of life Results: All the treatments used were efficacious and the patients with OA of the knees presented reduction of pain, improvement of the articular stiffness, of the ROM, reduction of the weight, improvement in the six minute walking and better quality of life for their daily activities. Discussion: There was no statistical difference among groups, except that group EX revealed better performance in the WOMAC questionnaire, in the all domain, suggesting that the inclusion of US or TENS in the treatment of OA of the knees was not necessary. / Mestrado / Mestre em Clinica Medica

Orientador: Maria de Fátima de Campos Françozo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T06:11:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rinaldi_LiduinaMariaSolon_M.pdf: 1695692 bytes, checksum: 577a1f1b0b8329aed88221f3c9472332 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Paralisia Cerebral é a condição mais frequente com a qual o fisioterapeuta infantil se depara no seu dia a dia. Este estudo buscou conhecer as famílias de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral e elencar aspectos que devem ser considerados ao se elaborar um Programa de Intervenção Centrado na Família para o Sistema Único de Saúde. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva a partir de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada, realizada nos domicílios das famílias, e pesquisa documental. Participaram do trabalho, representantes de famílias de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral, residentes na região noroeste da cidade de Campinas, tendo em vista a inserção do pesquisador nesta área. Os prontuários das famílias foram previamente selecionados pelas equipes locais de saúde, a partir da solicitação do pesquisador e orientação das coordenadoras das unidades básicas envolvidas. Os resultados do trabalho indicaram que as famílias encontram-se satisfeitas com o modelo de intervenção recebido, que suas participações nas tomadas de decisão relacionadas às intervenções da fisioterapia são limitadas e que recebem pouca informação sobre a Paralisia Cerebral. A pesquisa apontou para a necessidade de estudos que possam subsidiar uma proposta de Intervenção Centrada na Família para o Sistema Único de Saúde como: discutir a formação atual do fisioterapeuta e dos demais profissionais da saúde nesta área; os resultados obtidos com os modelos atuais de intervenção; os programas sociais existentes voltados ao suporte social e empoderamento das famílias para os cuidados da criança com Paralisia Cerebral e como as atuais políticas públicas se relacionam com esta proposta de intervenção / Abstract: Cerebral Palsy is the most common condition seen by the pediatric physiotherapist. This study sought to get to know the families of children with Cerebral Palsy and list aspects that should be considered in the development of a family-centered intervention program for Unified Healthcare System. This exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach was based on a semi-structured interview done at the homes of the study families and on document research. The study participants were family members of children with Cerebral Palsy living in the northwest region of the city of Campinas sine the researcher's work is in this area. The coordinators of the primary healthcare units located in the study area previously selected the medical records of the families according to the researcher's instructions. The results of the study indicate that the families are satisfied with the intervention model but their participation on the choice of interventions administered by the therapist is limited and little information is given to them about Cerebral Palsy. The study also indicated the need of new studies that can found a family-based intervention proposal for Unified Healthcare System. Such studies should discuss the current academic curriculum of the physiotherapist and other health professionals that work in this area, results obtained by the current intervention models, social programs that provide social support and empowerment for families that care for children with Cerebral Palsy and how public policies relate with this intervention proposal / Mestrado / Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação / Mestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação

M.A. / Since 1994, there have been various changes in social work in South Africa, changes that reflect developments in international social work. Social workers are described as generalist practitioners, who must be able to address their clients’ problems on different levels of service delivery and drawing on an eclectic range of theories and intervention models. Trauma is a definite reality in South Africa and only one of many problems that social workers face. Eye Movement Integration Therapy (EMI) is a therapy that has its roots in neurolinguistic programming (NLP). Steve and Connirae Andreas researched the possible link between eye movements and therapeutic growth. Subsequently EMI was developed to facilitate the reduction of trauma symptoms. Danie Beaulieu studied under the Andreas’s and developed the technique further. According to contemporary research, the amygdala is responsible for storing trauma memories. These memories are fragmented, as they are stored in the sensory modalities and have no narrative. The precise mechanisms of EMI are still unknown. It appears, however, that EMI, with its 22 eye movements, assists with the integration of fragmented trauma memories. The effectiveness of EMI with the adult population has been studied, but not its usefulness with children. The goal of this study was therefore to explore the usefulness of EMI in overcoming childhood trauma. A sample of 12 children, aged 14-16 years, who had experienced trauma, underwent a single session of EMI with the researcher. A multi-method approach was utilised as both qualitative and quantitative methods were implemented. The quantitative component took the form of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) administered before and after the single EMI session. The qualitative component of this study had two parts, namely a semi-structured interview with the parents/caregivers of the children conducted after the EMI session, and a journal that the researcher kept throughout the data collection process. The study found that EMI effectively and significantly reduced the trauma symptoms of the respondents. The successful clinical application of the intervention with children also showed that EMI is a useful technique in the recovery from childhood trauma.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Purpose: This study aims to compare the effects of spinal manipulation versus mobilization of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac (SI) joints on the contractile strength of the hamstring muscle group with regards to strength and flexibility. Method: This study consisted of 2 groups of 15 participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years of age. Males and females were first separated to ensure equal male to female ratios within each group. The potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The method of treatment administered to each group was determined by group allocation. Group 1 received spinal manipulation directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Group 2 received spinal mobilization directed towards restrictions located within the lumbar spine and/or SI joints. Procedure: Treatment consisted of 4 treatment sessions with an additional follow up visit over a 2 week period. Objective data was recorded on visit 1 before and after treatment, visit 3 before and after treatment and on visit 5 in which there was no treatment administered, its purpose was purely to obtain measurements. The measurements were taken in this way in order to determine immediate as well as medium term changes. Objective data consisted of hamstring muscle strength readings taken using a handheld dynamometer and hamstring muscle flexibility readings taken using a digital inclinometer. Analysis of collected data was performed by a statistician. The manipulation and mobilization techniques used were directed towards dysfunctional joints within the lumbar spine and/or SI regions, which were detected by motion palpation. Results: Regarding muscle strength, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 at visits 1 and 3 on both the right and left sides when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. When determining the immediate effects of the treatment, Group 2 did not demonstrate muscle strength changes at visit 1 on the right, however statistically significant results were found at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left. Medium term changes were seen during the time interval between visits 1 and 3, as well as between visits 1 and 5 bilaterally. Manipulation and mobilization were shown to have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength, although manipulation was shown to have a more beneficial effect on muscle strength both immediately and over time, though this was only found on the left. Regarding muscle flexibility, statistically significant results were noted in Group 1 on both right and left sides at visits 1 and 3 when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. Statistically significant changes only occurred on the left between visits 1 and 5 when determining the medium term effects of the treatment. Group 2 showed statistically significant changes at visit 3 on the right as well as at visits 1 and 3 on the left when determining the immediate effects of the treatment. When determining the medium term effects of the treatment no statistically significant changes were found over the duration of the study. There was no difference found between the groups in terms of the effect that the treatment had on hamstring muscle flexibility, although isolated improvements occurred over time in the manipulation group. Conclusion: The results show that both manipulation and mobilization have a statistically significant effect on hamstring muscle strength. However, manipulation was shown to have a more significant effect. Changes in hamstring muscle flexibility were found to occur immediately and over time in the manipulation group, however only immediate effects were noted in the mobilization group. Therefore, when compared to mobilization, manipulation appears to have a greater effect on hamstring muscle strength and flexibility.

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / The purpose of this study was to identify the physical needs of the elderly with regard to physiotherapy services in the Livingstone district in Zambia. The objectives were to determine the knowledge of the elderly on the role of physiotherapy in the care of the elderly; the barriers to utilization of the services; the prevalence of physical problems and it also examined associations between education, knowledge and utilization of physiotherapy services in the district. / South Africa

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / Childhood asthma is one of the commonest chronic respiratory conditions in developed communities. Chest physiotherapy has traditionally been one of the interventions used mainly after an attack and for a relatively short-period on an outpatient basis. The purpose of the study was to determine the perceptions of physiotherapists and caregivers about the importance of chest physiotheraphy in asthmatic children in Kigali. To achieve this aim the author attempted to identify the perceived benefits of chest physiotherapy for asthmatic children among caregivers; to determine the perception of physiotherapists about the importance of chest physiotherapy for asthmatic children and; to identify the physiotherapists experiences with doctors referrals and the caregivers compliance in the management of asthmatic children. / South Africa

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / With the increase in the number of persons suffering from HIV/AIDS, physiotherapists are often required to treat these patients who present with respiratory and neurological complications. Although physiotherapists are at a lower risk of HIV infection in the workplace than nurses and doctors, it is necessary to determine their knowledge and perceptions of the risks, fears of HIV transmission and their attitudes towards patients with the disease. The aim of the study was to determine the physiotherapists knowledge of, and their attitudes towards patients with HIV/AIDS. It also explored whether the physiotherapists knowledge influences attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients in Lusaka, Zambia. / South Africa