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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Child abuse : patterns of physical and sexual child abuse presenting at Karl Bremer Hospital and the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead Community on child abuse

Wicomb, Lynne, Foster, Lynne 23 July 2015 (has links)
Background Child abuse is a serious and devastating problem rooted within our communities. According to the South African Police Services (SAPS) crime statistics of 2006 & 2007, the four most common crimes committed (and attempted) against children were rape, common assault, and assault with attempt to do grievous bodily harm. Because this problem has it's roots within our homes and communities it must be unpacked from a community level. Aim and objectives: This study aims to describe the patterns of child abuse in the Northern Suburbs of Cape Town and to gain insight into the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead Community regarding child physical and sexual abuse. Methods This was done by exploring the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead community on various aspects of child physical and sexual abuse including perceptions of victim and perpetrator profiles, responses to victims of child physical and sexual abuse, their knowledge of and access to avenues of help. The study also describes the patterns of child abuse in the Northern Suburbs of Cape Town as documented in the case record reviews of children presenting to the Karl Bremer Hospital at the Rape crises Centre. In order to explore the knowledge of the Ravensmead community of child physical and sexual abuse, the researcher designed a structured questionnaire and conducted a door-to-door survey. A total of 279 respondents were obtained. Specific areas of enquiry included knowledge of definitions, perceptions of perpetrators, perceptions of predisposing circumstances and perception of avenues for help and where education programs should be aimed. Patterns of Child physical and sexual abuse presenting at the Rape Crises Centre at Karl Bremer Hospital was determined by conducting a case record review. Information regarding victim and perpetrator profiles, injuries sustained and home circumstance as documented in these case records was described. An in-depth interview conducted at the Rape Crises centre with parents of child victims of physical and sexual abuse provided qualitative information relating to patterns and perceptions of child physical and sexual abuse. Data from these three methods was then triangulated. Study design The researcher has chosen to do a descriptive study using methodological triangulation. The aim of the research is to describe the patterns of child abuse (physical and sexual) and to gain further insight into the perceptions and knowledge of the Ravensmead Community regarding child sexual and physical abuse. This was undertaken using a descriptive study design. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to enhance the overall validity of the results. Setting Ravensmead is an impoverished community in the Northern Suburbs of the Western Cape. The high rate of crimes committed against children in this community is a reflection of the situation in the rest of the country. The Karl Bremer hospital Rape Crisis Center is the centre to which all cases of child sexual abuse and child physical abuse occurring in the northern suburbs of Cape Town presents. Staff is trained in offering the necessary medical, medico legal and psychological support to victims abuse. Results Only 15% of respondents to the questionnaire survey demonstrated a comprehensive understanding of what constitutes child abuse. Although respondents demonstrated understanding of some characteristics relating to victim and perpetrator profiles they failed to recognize certain circumstances that predisposes to child abuse. The In-depth interviews also found that most families of victims of child sexual abuse did suspect that the abuse could occur under the circumstance, which it did. The perception that children are sometimes to blame for the abuse is still held by some members of the community although they are in the minority. Few respondents were able to identify avenues for help other than the police station. However, the in-depth interviews demonstrates that several fears exist regarding reporting abuse to the police, reducing the practical accessibility of this service. The mean age of victims presenting to the Karl Bremer Hospital Rape Crises centre was 6.18yrs and 36% of cases presented was during the period from November to January. Absence of visible injuries could not exclude the diagnosis of sexual or physical abuse. Information relating to home circumstances and perpetrator profiles was lacking. Conclusion The research suggests that knowledge regarding child physical and sexual abuse in the Ravensmead community is lacking. Barriers exist to accessing avenues for help within the community. Greater community empowerment is required in order to effectively combat the problem of child physical and sexual abuse.
2

Dental Health of Physically Abused Children Ages 2-6 Years Old

Do, Kim January 2019 (has links)
No description available.
3

Upplevelser av att handha fall av misstänkt fysisk barnmisshandel : En litteraturstudie ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv / Experiences of managing cases of suspected physical child abuse : A literature study from a nursing perspective

Hörnmark, Olivia, Mellgren, Olivia January 2017 (has links)
Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskan har anmälningsplikt vid misstanke eller kännedom om barnmisshandel. Alla barn ska skyddas från fysiskt våld från förälder eller annan vuxen. Tidiga insatser kan göra skillnad och förhindra konsekvenser som alkohol- eller drogmissbruk och psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att handha fall där barn misstänks ha utsatts för fysisk misshandel i hemmet. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar varav sju med kvalitativ metod, två med kvantitativa metod samt en med mixad metod. Resultat: Resultatet visade att det fanns bristande protokoll och riktlinjer, otillräcklig utbildning samt olika upplevelser av ansvar som sjuksköterska gällande misstänkta fall av fysisk barnmisshandel. Det framkom en bristande kommunikation mellan instanser, en svårighet i att upprätthålla professionalitet i mötet med familjen och ett behov av stöd för sjuksköterskan. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan är i behov av adekvat utbildning, rätt stöd och en förbättrad kommunikation. De kulturella aspekterna inom området bör beaktas. Klinisk betydelse: Resultatet kan för sjuksköterskor inom hälso- och sjukvård bidra till en ökad kunskap och förståelse för misstänkt fysisk barnmisshandel i hemmet. Vidare kan resultatet bidra till ökat intresse för utveckling inom området. / Background: The nurse has the duty of notification on suspicion or knowledge about child abuse. All children shall be protected from physical violence from a parent or other adults. Early intervention can make a difference and prevent consequences as alcohol- or drug abuse and mental illness. Aim: The aim is to describe nurses' experiences of managing cases where children are suspected to have been subjected to physical abuse in the home. Method: A general literature study based on ten scientific articles. Seven were conducted through qualitative methods, two with quantitative methods and one with mixed methods. Result: The result presented that there was a lack of protocols and guidelines, insufficient training and different experiences of accountability as a nurse regarding suspected cases of physical child abuse. It presented a lack of communication between agencies, a difficulty in maintaining professionalism in the meeting with the family and a need for support for the nurse. Conclusion: The nurse is in need of proper education, proper support and improved communication skills. The cultural aspects of the area should be considered. Clinical significance: The result can for nurses in health care contribute to a greater knowledge and understanding of suspected physical child abuse in the home. Furthermore, the results can contribute to increased interest in development of the area.
4

”Skada inte vår framtid” : Kännetecken för sjuksköterskan att uppmärksamma vid misstanke om fysisk barnmisshandel / “Do not harm our future” : Disclosure of child abuse, notable abnormalities for field nurses to be aware of

Parmvi, Jannie, Ottosson, Carola January 2010 (has links)
<p>Identifiering av fysisk barnmisshandel är en komplicerad uppgift och många misshandelsfall upptäcks inte av sjukvården. Det har skett en attitydförändring i samhället över tid, vilket har bidragit till en ökad anmälningsfrekvens av barnmisshandel. Fysisk barnmisshandel är när en vuxen vållar ett barn skada med eller utan tillhygge. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa vilka kännetecken sjuksköterskan ska uppmärksamma vid kontakt med familjer för att upptäcka om barnet har utsatts för fysiskt våld. Med hjälp av tretton artiklar och en avhandling formades litteraturstudien. Resultatet visar att det finns ett stort antal varningssignaler som sjuksköterskan ska vara observant på vid misstanke av barnmisshandel. Dessa kännetecken varierar och kan vara allt från somatiska skador på barnet till föräldrarnas beteende i sociala sammanhang. Genom erfarenhet och utbildning inom området barnmisshandel, underlättas sjuksköterskans arbete i att särskilja situationer där ett barn blir misshandlat från en situation där ett barn skadas i samband med lek. Vidare forskning i ämnet barnmisshandel krävs för att stärka sjuksköterskeprofessionen och därmed fånga upp fler utsatta barn.</p> / <p>The disclosure of physical child abuse is a complex task for the medical care. A great number of cases are never revealed. There is a trend of an increased reporting frequency of child abuse, since the general attitude in the society has changed. Physical child abuse is defined as: An adult physically harming a child with or without an object. The purpose of this literature study was to summarize what nurses on the field should look for to discover physical child abuse. This paper was formed as a result of a literature study which included 13 articles and 1 thesis. The literature study resulted in identification of a large number of relevant warning signals of child abuse, for example somatic injuries and parental behaviour in social groups. To simplify the nurses' work of separating cases of child abuse from cases of normal accidents during play, existing experience within this area must be disseminated by education. Also, further research within this area is required to improve the nursing profession and help a larger fraction of exposed children.</p>
5

”Skada inte vår framtid” : Kännetecken för sjuksköterskan att uppmärksamma vid misstanke om fysisk barnmisshandel / “Do not harm our future” : Disclosure of child abuse, notable abnormalities for field nurses to be aware of

Parmvi, Jannie, Ottosson, Carola January 2010 (has links)
Identifiering av fysisk barnmisshandel är en komplicerad uppgift och många misshandelsfall upptäcks inte av sjukvården. Det har skett en attitydförändring i samhället över tid, vilket har bidragit till en ökad anmälningsfrekvens av barnmisshandel. Fysisk barnmisshandel är när en vuxen vållar ett barn skada med eller utan tillhygge. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa vilka kännetecken sjuksköterskan ska uppmärksamma vid kontakt med familjer för att upptäcka om barnet har utsatts för fysiskt våld. Med hjälp av tretton artiklar och en avhandling formades litteraturstudien. Resultatet visar att det finns ett stort antal varningssignaler som sjuksköterskan ska vara observant på vid misstanke av barnmisshandel. Dessa kännetecken varierar och kan vara allt från somatiska skador på barnet till föräldrarnas beteende i sociala sammanhang. Genom erfarenhet och utbildning inom området barnmisshandel, underlättas sjuksköterskans arbete i att särskilja situationer där ett barn blir misshandlat från en situation där ett barn skadas i samband med lek. Vidare forskning i ämnet barnmisshandel krävs för att stärka sjuksköterskeprofessionen och därmed fånga upp fler utsatta barn. / The disclosure of physical child abuse is a complex task for the medical care. A great number of cases are never revealed. There is a trend of an increased reporting frequency of child abuse, since the general attitude in the society has changed. Physical child abuse is defined as: An adult physically harming a child with or without an object. The purpose of this literature study was to summarize what nurses on the field should look for to discover physical child abuse. This paper was formed as a result of a literature study which included 13 articles and 1 thesis. The literature study resulted in identification of a large number of relevant warning signals of child abuse, for example somatic injuries and parental behaviour in social groups. To simplify the nurses' work of separating cases of child abuse from cases of normal accidents during play, existing experience within this area must be disseminated by education. Also, further research within this area is required to improve the nursing profession and help a larger fraction of exposed children.
6

Who are abusing our children? An exploratory study on reflections on child abuse by media commentators

Merchant, Raema Unknown Date (has links)
This research explores what has been published in the print media on the topic of physical child abuse over an eight year period of time. The study encompasses news reports, feature articles, opinion columns and editorials written on the issue of physical child abuse in New Zealand from 2000 to 2007. Using inductive and exploratory research, qualitative data has been collected by capturing the voices from a range of media commentators and comparing these with data from newspaper articles and other sources of statistical data obtained from a statutory child protection agency, hospitals and police. The research looks at how physical child abuse is represented in the newspaper media and explores whether there are accuracies or deficiencies in this reporting that may impact on public perceptions of child abuse. In particular, the study explores whether what is being written in the newspaper is objective or whether there is an in-built ethnic or social bias in the reporting of child abuse. The findings of the three parts of the study are integrated and it is determined that there is a disproportionate reporting of child abuse based on a) the ethnicity of the child or perpetrator, b) the seriousness of the abuse, and c) the sensationalist nature of the incident of child abuse. Another significant finding is that media reflects and reinforces common views and perceptions of physical child abuse and that the public are exposed to only the “tip of the iceberg” in terms of accurate and balanced reporting. The report concludes with a discussion about whether the media affects or reflects the worldview of physical child abuse. A symbiotic model is proposed which uses voices from the writers themselves to support the argument that there is a bi-directional relationship between the media and the public.
7

Neighborhood Effects on Physical Child Abuse, and Outcomes of Mental Illness and Delinquency: An HLM Analysis

Santos, Kristin L. January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
8

Ovisshetens praktik : En kvalitativ studie av socialsekreterares överväganden att polisanmäla fysisk misshandel av barn

Lindell, August January 2016 (has links)
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka socialsekreterares överväganden inför ett beslut om huruvida en polisanmälan bör göras vid misstanke om fysisk misshandel av barn och vilken betydelse barnperspektivet får i övervägandet. Socialsekreterare ställs dagligen inför svåra bedömningar och beslut som påverkar familjer på ett eller annat sätt. Enligt Socialstyrelsens vägledning är det för socialtjänsten en möjlighet men ingen skyldighet att polisanmäla fysisk misshandel av barn. Bedömningen läggs på socialtjänsten att utifrån varje enskilt fall göra en professionell bedömning om en polisanmälan bör göras. Detta övervägande om att göra en polisanmälan vid fysisk misshandel av barn har undersökts genom en kvalitativ studie i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem socialsekreterare. För att få ett bredare perspektiv kom respondenterna från olika delar av landet samt olika stora kommuner. Den teoretiska referensram som valts i denna studie är Eileen Munro´s modell om effektivt arbete med skydd av barn. Denna belyser de problematiska ställningstaganden som det sociala arbetets praktik innebär. Studien kommer fram till att det är en komplex sammansättning avvägningar som ligger till grund för hur huruvida socialsekreteraren väljer att polisanmäla en misstänkt barnmisshandel eller inte. Personliga värderingar och erfarenheter påverkar socialsekreterarens syn på misshandelns karaktär och allvar. Barnperspektivet skiljer sig mellan socialsekreterare som genom egna erfarenheter och tolkningar skapar ett perspektiv på vad som kan anses vara bäst för barnet. Den straffrättsliga logiken ställs mot den sociala utrednings- och behandlingslogiken som bromsas upp av förundersökningssekretessen. Relationen mellan socialtjänsten och familjen är betydande för övervägandets utgång. Det är viktigt att behålla en god relation till familjen vilket kan bli problematiskt eftersom vad som är bäst för barnet inte alltid överensstämmer med föräldrarnas åsikter. Barnet rättigheter hamnar ofta i konflikt med föräldrarnas rättigheter. Intuition även kallad magkänsla fyller en funktion i övervägandet men anses inte legitim att grunda ett övervägande på. Samtidigt är det den som indikerar att något är fel och som driver socialsekreterarens vilja att samla mer information. / The aim of this study is to investigate the social secretary´s consideration before a decision on whether a police report should be made in cases of suspected physical abuse of children and the importance of the child´s perspective in this consideration. Social workers are daily confronted with difficult judgments and decisions that affect families in one way or another. According to the Swedish social board it is for social services a possibility but no obligation to make a police report of physical abuse of children. The social services shall from each individual case make a professional assessment if a police report should be made or not. This consideration about making a police report about a physical abuse of children has been investigated by a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews with five social workers. To get a broader perspective the respondents came from different parts of the country and various sized municipalities. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is Eileen Munro's model for effective child protection. This highlights the problematic positions as social work means in practice. The study concludes that there is a complex composition of considerations that underpin how whether the social worker chooses to make a police report of a suspected child abuse or not. Personal values and experiences affect social secretary's views on the nature and seriousness of the abuse. The meaning of the child's perspective differs between the social workers that through ones own experiences and interpretations create a perspective on what can be considered best for the child. The legal logic is set against the logic of social investigation and processing that is slowed down by the confidentiality of judicial investigations. The alliance between social services and the family are important for the considerations outcome. It is important to maintain a good relationship with the family, which can be problematic because what is best for the child is not always consistent with their parent’s opinions. The child’s rights are often put in conflict with the rights of parents. Intuition or, so called gut feeling fulfil a function in consideration but is not seen as legitimate to base a consideration of. At the same time it indicates that something is wrong and the intuition is what drives the social secretary's desire to gather more information.
9

Familjebehandlarens erfarenheter av att arbeta med fysiskt våldsutsatta barn : En kvalitativ studie

Lindström, Marlene, Olsson, Mariana January 2021 (has links)
Fysiskt våld mot barn är ett fenomen som trots lagstiftning fortsätter att öka. Den här kvalitativa studien syftar till att undersöka familjebehandlarens erfarenheter och svårigheter som kan uppstå i arbetet med familjer där barn blivit utsatta för fysiskt våld av sina föräldrar. I undersökningen har fem familjebehandlare från tre kommuner med olika bakgrund och arbetsliverfarenheter intervjuats. Forskningsresultaten och genomförd analys redovisas i tematisk struktur. Resultatet påvisar liknande erfarenheter i behandlingsarbetet samt de svårigheter som kan uppstå då arbetet med våldsutsatta barn ofta är av delikat och komplex karaktär. Ett flertal svårigheter som identifierats är kopplade till föräldrarnas bakgrund. Studien visar att familjebehandling ger goda resultat men då ärenden avslutas i samband med behandlingens slutförande är det svårt att säkerställa dess verkan över tid.

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