Das Ziel der Arbeit. Die chemische Zusammensetzung des Fleisches unterschiedlicher Schweinerassen zu erforschen. Die Aufgabe der Arbeit. Den Eifluß der Rasse in der Schweinefleisch Trockenstoffen, intermuskulären Fette, Aschegehalt, Eiweissegehalt zu erforschen. Fleischkaloriengehalt den verschiedenen Schweinerassen zu festlegen. Den Einflu�� der Esscholle den Chemischerfleischeigenschafen und Kaloriengehalt zu erforschen. Die Arbeitsmethodik. Das Fleisch von folgenden Schweinerassen wurde untersucht: 20 Litauische Weisse, 20 Yorkshire, 20 Landrasse und 20 Grosse Weisse. Der Untersuchungen wurde 31 weiblich und 49 mänlich Schweinefleisch genohmen. Für die Erforschung wurde die längste Rückenmuskel bei der letzten 3. Rippe genommen. Die Schweine wurden in der Kontroll-Fütterungsgsstation gezüchtet. Die Untersuchungen wurden im Labor für die Bewertung der Vieh-Fleischeigenschaften und -Fleischqualität anhand der allgemein gültigen Methodiken durchgeführt. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse und Besprechung. Die Schweine werden im mehreren Weltländern gezüchtet. Das Schweinefleisch zeichnet sich durch das gute Geschmack aus, hat mehrere wertvolle Gehaltstoffe und ist ein der am billigsten herzustellenden Lebensmittelprodukte. Nach der Analyse der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Fleisches ist es möglich, die Nähr- und Energiewerte zu beurteilen und die Qualität der Fleischprodukte vorherzusagen. Das Schweinefleisch ist ein leicht verdaubares Produkt. Auf dem Weltmarkt ist das fettarme... [to full text]

Nustatyti vitamininių – mineralinių priedų – „Sel-PlexTM“, „Suplex E-50000/K/Selenium“, „Suplex E/Selenium“ (savo sudėtyje turinčių seleno) ir „Oxistop“ – pasižyminčių antioksidaciniu veikimu, įtaką, kiaulių hematologiniams, mėsos fiziniams ir cheminiams bei zootechniniams produktyvumo rodikliams. Remdamiesi atliktų bandymų duomenimis, paruoštos kiaulininkystės ūkiams ir ūkininkams rekomendacijos dėl vitamininių – mineralinių priedų, savo sudėtyje turinčių organinio ir neorganinio seleno formų ir pasižyminčių antioksidaciniu veikimu panaudojimo ir šėrimo efektyvumo penimoms kiaulėms. Pirmą kartą Lietuvos sąlygomis ištirtas kiaulių kraujyje fermento glutationo peroksidazės kiekis ir jo kitimas per visą bandymo laikotarpį, priklausomai nuo seleno koncentracijos ir formos racione. Ištirta vitamininių – mineralinių „Sel-PlexTM“, „Suplex E-50000/K/Selenium“, „Suplex E/Selenium“ ir „Oxistop“ priedų įtaka kiaulių augimui, kraujo biocheminiams ir morfologiniams rodikliams, mėsos fizinėms savybėms ir cheminei sudėčiai bei įvertintas seleno kiekis nustatant jį kraujyje ir dengiamuosiuose plaukuose (šeriuose). / To determine the influence of vitamin-mineral supplements -„Sel-PlexTM“, „Suplex E-50000/K/Selenium“, „Suplex E/Selenium“ (containing selenium) and „Oxistop“ (having antioxidational effect) on pig‘s haematological, meat‘s physical, chemical and zootechnical rates of productivity. First time in Lithuania the enzyme glutathione peroxidase in pig‘s blood and its change during the experimental period, depending on selenium concentration and form in ration was examined. The influence of vitamin-mineral supplements - „Sel-PlexTM“, „Suplex E-50000/K/ Selenium“, „Suplex E/Selenium“ and „Oxistop“ on pig‘s growing, blood biochemical and morphological rates, meat‘s physical and chemical composition was examined. Also the amount of selenium in blood and hair was evaluated. Appealing to the test data, recomendations about pig‘s feeding effectivity and using vitamin-mineral supplements containing organic and inorganic forms of selenium and having antioxidational effect were prepared for swine-breeding farms and farmers.

This research was conducted to investigate the expression of porcine intestinal nutrient transporters along the neonatal crypt-villus axis and during the postnatal development. First, we examined the transport kinetics of Na+-glucose co-tranporter 1 (SGLT1) and Na+-dependent neutral amino acid (AA) transporter B0AT1 and then the protein and mRNA abundances of SGLT1, B0AT1 and Na+-dependent neutral AA exchanger ASCT2 along the jejunal crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig and the potential mechanisms associated with their regulations. Our results suggested that: 1) high levels of apical maximal SGLT1 and B0AT1 uptake activities were shown to exist along the entire jejunal crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig; 2) there were no significant differences in the SGLT1, B0AT1 and ASCT2 protein abundances in spite of their different mRNA abundances among the crypt-villus axis, suggesting unique posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms; and 3) global protein translational efficiency, as assessed by examining some of the key protein translational initiation and elongation factors, was higher in the crypt cells than in the upper villus cells, likely playing a regulatory role for maintaining apical nutrient transporter abundances in crypt cells of the neonate. Second, we further examined the protein and mRNA abundances of jejunal neutral AA transporters B0AT1 and ASCT2 and acidic AA transporter EAAC1 during the postnatal development in pigs at the ages of d 1, 4, 6, 12, 20, 28 (1-wk post-weaning), and 70 (mature gut at grower phase), respectively. Our results showed that the jejunal apical B0AT1, ASCT2 and EAAC1 protein abundances were dramatically decreased during the postnatal development and were likely regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These substantial decreases in the small intestinal apical Na+-dependent AA transporter abundances may contribute to increased intestinal microbial catabolism of AA, which may be partially responsible for the reduced whole body efficiency of nitrogen utilization during the postnatal growth in pigs. Collectively, our results suggest that apical nutrient transporters SGLT1, B0AT1 and ASCT2 are abundantly expressed along the entire jejunal crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig, whereas abundances of jejunal apical AA transporters EAAC1, B0AT1 and ASCT2 declined substantially during the postnatal growth in pigs.

This study investigates the impact of nutrient management regulations on pig farms in Ontario, Canada. Using mathematical programming, small, medium and large farrow to finish and finishing pig farms are examined using uniform and crop requirement based manure application. The model scenarios characterize the cost of compliance when nutrient application standards are applied from the Nutrient Management Act and a previously proposed standard from the Clean Water Act. Compliance costs for scenarios with uniform manure application are ≤6.47%; while compliance costs for scenarios with crop requirement based manure application are ≤0.25%. The Nutrient Management Act has two calculations for nutrient application standards, producers must comply with the less binding calculation. Compliance costs for producers under the less binding standard following a uniform manure application strategy are ≤1.53%; while producers following a crop requirement based manure application strategy have no compliance costs. The proposed Clean Water Act standard is more restrictive than the Nutrient Management Act standards. / Ontario Pork, OMAFRA

No description available.

Feral pigs, European wild boars and their crosses are ubiquitous and found in all ecological zones from Florida to California. These introduced animals are recorded in 39 US states and four Canadian provinces. Texas currently has an estimated population of 1-4 million pigs with the potential to exceed 4 million based on suitable habitat estimates. Feral pigs can modify local flora and fauna and cause significant physical damage with their rooting activities. They can also reintroduce parasites and pathogens to previously parasite and pathogen free herds of domestic cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. The two overarching objectives of this research were to determine what role feral pigs have in the maintenance and possible distribution of fleas, lice, and ticks common to the three wildlife districts; and if they serve as bridging hosts for the same (or other) arthropods and their natural hosts. The supporting objectives were to establish host records of fleas, lice, and ticks parasitizing feral pigs; determine species assemblies within each of the three wildlife districts; and to compare species assemblies among the wildlife districts. Feral pigs (564) were taken from June 2008 to March 2011 using box, corral, and panel traps in three wildlife districts. Two hundred fifty six fleas, Pulex porcinus (Jordan and Rothschild), were collected from all gender and age classes of feral pigs at the South Texas Plains wildlife district. No fleas were collected at either the Hill Country or Post Oak Savannah wildlife districts. This is the first report of these fleas on feral pigs. Lice and ticks were collected from all gender and age classes of feral pigs from all sample sites. Only hog lice, Haematopinus suis, were collected at all three sample sites. Seven species of ticks were collected from the three sites: Amblyomma americanum, A. cajennense, A. maculatum, Dermacentor albipictus, D. halli, D. variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. Amblyomma cajennense was collected only at the South Texas Plains sample site; A. americanum and I. scapularis were collected only at the Hill Country and Post Oak sample sites. This study reports that feral pigs are serving as hosts for one species of flea, one species of lice and seven species of ticks common to Texas.

Im Rahmen eines Projektes wurden Haltungs- und Fütterungsfaktoren für die Mast unkastrierter männlicher Schweine abgeleitet. Die Ebermast ist verfahrenstechnisch umsetzbar. Sie kann den Betrieben Kostenvorteile insbesondere durch Futterersparnis bringen, solange der Absatz gesichert ist. Je nach Schlachtgewicht und Abstammung realisieren die Eber etwas geringere Masttagszunahmen, aber eine deutlich bessere Futterverwertung und bilden Schlachtkörper mit weniger Fett und mehr Fleisch als die männlichen kastrierten Schweine. Die Verlustrate liegt bei den Ebern etwas höher. Das Problem des Ebergeruchs kann nur durch die Optimierung einer darauf ausgerichteten Zucht, Haltung und Fütterung gelöst werden. Dazu wurden einzelne Faktoren, wie z. B. die Aufstallungsform, die Buchtenhygiene und die Zunahmegeschwindigkeit identifiziert.

Historical events are framed by the actors of the time and then re-framed by subsequent historians and the public. This thesis examines the historiography of the San Juan Island Dispute, 1853-1871, known colloquially in the twentieth century as the “Pig War.” In 1859, after an American settler on San Juan shot a pig owned by the Hudson’s Bay Company, the American military and the British Royal Navy met in a tense stand-off resulting in a twelve year joint-military occupation of the island. This conflict was the last border dispute between the two nations. Following World War II, a message of peace became the dominant trope of histories written about the “Pig War.” The term itself has come to represent this overarching theme. With documents from the dispute, such as colonial despatches, official correspondence and newspaper editorials, this thesis considers how the event was framed at the time; and employing semiotics as a technique for discourse analysis, it examines how the “war” was re-framed in the twentieth century. The thesis follows Alfred Young’s research on antebellum America’s commemoration of the “Boston Tea Party,” with its message appropriated by politicians, merging history and myth. The “Pig War” occupies similar terrain as the reconceptualization of the event embodies its own message of a unique identity for the Pacific Northwest, associated with the 49th parallel as the world’s longest, most peaceful, “undefended” border. / Graduate / 2015-04-26 / 0578 / 0334 / 0337 / lyallg@uvic.ca

Baigiamojo darbo tikslas buvo ištirti 3 metų amžiaus jūrų kiaulyčių kiaušidžių folikulų ir jų ovocitų morfometrinius ypatumus. LSMU Patologijos centre buvo atliktas trijų jūrų kiaulyčių preparavimas ir paimta tyrimams reikalinga medžiaga. Anatomijos ir Fiziologijos katedroje buvo atliktas histologinių preparatų paruošimas. Preparatai buvo naudojami atlikti mikroskopines nuotraukas naudojant histologinių vaizdų analizatorių (mikroskopą) „Olympus DP72 BX63“. Naudojant UTHSCSA Image Tool for Windows Version 3 programą buvo atlikta 3 jūrų kiaulyčių, kurių amžius 3 metai, užuomazginių, pirminių ir antrinių kiaušidės folikulų, bei juose esančių ovocitų, ovocitų branduolių, folikulinių ląstelių bei pamatinės membranos morfometriniai matavimai. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant statistinę programą ANOVA (Statistica Version 10, StatSoft inc.). Mūsų tyrimo metu buvo nustatyta, kad 3 metų amžiaus jūrų kiaulyčių kiaušidžių užuomazginių folikulų diametras svyravo nuo 23,22±2,62 µm iki 26,16±3,58 µm, ovocitų diametras svyravo nuo 6,26±1,13 µm iki 7,37±0,51 µm. Pirminių kiaušidžių folikulų diametras svyravo nuo 48,68±1,47 µm iki 61,78±4,33 µm, ovocitų dydis siekė nuo 13,56±5,48 µm iki 14,61±2,79 µm. Antrinių kiaušidžių folikulų diametras svyravo nuo 149,34±29,97 µm iki 209,46±52,54 µm, ovocitų diametras svyravo nuo 41,6±8,35 µm iki 63,59±4,67 µm. Visų tirtų jūrų kiaulyčių užuomazginių kiaušidžių folikulų diametras, plotas, ovocitų diametras ir plotas, ovocitų branduolių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Master ending work includes 43 pages, 35 pictures, to write the work was used 32 literary sources. The aim of this work was to investigate morphometric features of different stages ovarian follicles and oocytes in 3 years old three guinea pigs. 3 guinea pigs‘ preparation was performed in the LSMU Pathology center, was taken required material for the research. Histological preparations laying in were performed in the Anatomy and Physiology department. Preparations were used perform microscopic images using histological image analyzer (microscope) „Olympus DP72 BX63“. Using UTHSCSA Image Tool for Windows Version 3 program was performed 3 guinea pigs, with age 3 years, primordial, primary and secondary ovarian follicles’, oocytes’, oocyte nucleis’, follicular cells’ and basement membranes’ morphometric measurements. Statistical analysis of the data performed using the statistical program ANOVA (Statistical Version 10, Stat Soft inc.). Our research showed, that 3 years old guinea pigs‘ primordial ovarian follicle diameter ranged from 23,22±2,62 µm till 26,16±3,58 µm, oocyte diameter ranged from 6,26±1,13 µm till 7,37±0,51 µm. Primary ovarian follicle diameter ranged from 48,68±1,47 µm till 61,78±4,33 µm, oocyte size was from 13,56±5,48 µm till 14,61±2,79 µm. Secondary ovarian follicle diameter ranged from 149,34±29,97 µm till 209,46±52,54 µm, oocyte diameter ranged from 41,6±8,35 µm till 63,59±4,67 µm. All guinea pigs primordial follicles’ diameter and area, oocytes’ diameter... [to full text]

Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti ir palyginti skirtingo selektyvumo alfa1 adrenoreceptorių antagonistų (prazosino ir tamsulozino) farmakologinį poveikį izoliuotoms laboratorinių jūrų kiaulyčių kraujagyslėms eksperimentiniame modelyje in vitro. Tyrimams pasirinkti laboratoriniai gyvūnai – dėl tinkamo kraujagyslių spindžio ne jaunesni nei 8 – 12 savaičių amžiaus linijinių jūrų kiaulyčių patinėliai. Vaistų poveikis buvo vertinamas izoliuotoms kraujagyslėms – jų aortoms ir inkstų arterijoms. Eksperimentas atliktas naudojant organų vonelę PTK23 – 220 Pharmacology Kit (ADInstruments, Jungtinė Karalystė). Duomenys registruoti ,,LabChart“ programine įranga. Prazosino ir tamsulozino poveikiui įvertinti kraujagyslės buvo veikiamos atitinkamai 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM ir 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM koncentracijų tirpalais. Prazosino 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM koncentracijos sukėlė aortos atsipalaidavimą atitinkamai per 0,043±0,030 g, 0,083±0,022 g ir 0,195±0,040 g jėgą, inkstų arterijos – per 0,065±0,013 g, 0,075±0,024 g ir 0,173±0,026 g jėgą. Tamsulozino 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM koncentracijos sukėlė aortos atsipalaidavimą atitinkamai per 0,015±0,012 g, 0,080±0,018 g, 0,133±0,039 g jėgą, inkstų arterijos – per 0,025±0,020 g, 0,078±0,035 g ir 0,123±0,037 g jėgą. Vertinant aortos dilataciją, gauti statistiškai patikimi skirtumai tarp visų prazosino (10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM) koncentracijų. Inkstų arterijos atsipalaidavimo vertinime nenustatytas statistiškai patikimas skirtumas tarp 10 nM ir 100... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main aim of the research was to evaluate and compare the pharmacological influence of α1 adrenoreceptor antagonists (prazosin and tamsulosin) of different selectivity over the isolated laboratorial guinea pig blood vessels in experimental model in vitro. The male linear guinea pigs, not younger than 8-12 weeks, were selected as the object of the investigation because of their relevant blood vessel size. The influence of medicine over isolated blood vessels, aortas and kidney arteries, was evaluated. The experiment was carried out by using the utensil for organs PTK23- 220 Pharmacology Kit (AD instruments, United Kingdom). The data is registered with the software “LabChart”. The blood vessels were processed with the concentrated solutions 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM, and 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, accordingly, to evaluate the influence of prazosin and tamsulosin. The concentrations of prazosin 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM caused the ease of aorta, accordingly, in 0,043±0,030g, 0,083±0,022g, and 0,195±0,040g power, the ease of kidney artery - in 0,065±0,013g, 0,075±0,024g, and 0,173±0,026g power. The concentrations of tamsulosin 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM caused the ease of aorta, accordingly, in 0,015±0,012g, 0,080±0,018g, 0,133±0,039 power, the ease of kidney artery – in 0,025±0,020g, 0,078±0,035g, and 0,123±0,037g power. Aming to estimate the dilation of aorta, statistically reliable differences among all concentrations of prazosin (10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM) were acquired. In the estimation of... [to full text]