This thesis deals with place-names in the southern part of the municipality of Skellefteå in the province of Västerbotten, more precisely the parishes of Bureå, Burträsk and Lövånger. It consists of three different sections, first a survey of the settlement names in each parish, then a section on the second elements in these place-names, and finally a study of names of more recent settlements. The earliest place-names here are names like Blacke, Bureå, Bäck, Kräkånger and Lövånger. The second elements in the names from the medieval expansion period are mark, böle, byn, träsk, sjön and vattnet. Placenames of Nordic, Sami and Finnish origin are found in Skellefteå. The name Lossmen has its origin in Ume Sami and was then borrowed into Finnish. Originally Sami names are Gorkuträsk, Jäppnästjärnliden, Lubboträsk, Sittuträsk and Tavträskliden. The thesis consists of interpretations of the names on parishes, villages, farms and summer pastures, and in Bureå and Lövånger also the names of seasonal fishing stations. The second major section deals with the second elements included in village names, alternative village names, names of parts of villages and farm names. Here the second elements in place-names in Bureå, Burträsk and Lövånger are accounted for, as are the names in the parishes of Byske, Jörn and Skellefteå. This is followed by a discussion of the second elements in Västerbotten and quite often in other parts of Norrland as well. The third major section consists of an analysis of the names of recent settlements in the area. These were established from the 1730s and up to 1870. Founding settlements was a way of providing livelihoods for a rapidly growing population. The study comprises 726 names, of which 269 are in the primary area of investigation, the parishes of Bureå, Burträsk and Lövånger. Extensive comparisons are made continually with conditions in the parishes of Byske, Jörn and Skellefteå in the northern area. The aim of the study is to determine in greater detail what characterises the names of more recent settlements in the municipality of Skellefteå in terms of categories of settlement names, their frequency and distribution within the area. A comparison is also made between Skellefteå and the municipality of Vännäs (Hagervall 1986). One of Hagervall’s findings is that many names are not based on existing features. This thesis shows, however, hardly any cases of stereotype naming in Västerbotten and that in nearly all cases the names refer to features.

De um extremo a outro, entende-se a toponímia de regiões urbanizadas como resultante de homenagens ou como resquícios da história de formação da comunidade. No primeiro caso, a denominação é entendida como retribuição a uma ação realizada em prol do local, dedicada àqueles que se empenharam em sua consolidação, ou impostas por autoridades políticas e como reflexos de mudanças históricas e sociais. No segundo caso, interpreta-se a fixação de designativos como testemunhos da passagem de determinados indivíduos na região ou como a descrição de características inerentes ao local, em geral perdidas com a sua ocupação maciça. Ignora-se, em ambos os casos, a pesquisa do processo de formação, de cristalização e de ressemantização do topônimo, gerando, muitas vezes, conclusões equivocadas. No presente trabalho, aplicamos a metodologia de recuperação de causas denominativas do Projeto Atlas das Cidades, coordenado por Dick (1996), à freguesia do Brás, região a leste do antigo núcleo paulistano. Após o levantamento dos designativos e dos referencializadores utilizados entre os anos de 1850 e 1914, analisamos o desenvolvimento da maneira de singularizar os espaços em contraste à ocupação da região e à mudança do perfil do morador. Constatamos três fases de engendramento de topônimos: na primeira, até a década de 1870, enquanto a freguesia do Brás mantém-se isolada do restante de São Paulo, os designativos são formados pela descrição do espaço; entre as décadas de 1880 e 1900, período em que os antigos chacareiros loteiam suas propriedades, a denominação sistemática é visível na região, mas a fixação dos designativos atende antes à referencialização, no caso de antropotopônimos indicados, e ao desejo de atribuir topônimos que remetessem a regiões prósperas, no caso dos corotopônimos, do que à escolha aleatória e à homenagem propriamente dita; é após a Proclamação da República e a ocupação da freguesia do Brás por imigrantes e migrantes pobres, quando se evidencia a urbanização, que a homenagem a autoridades políticas e a indicação de topônimos a partir de motivações toponímicas pré-estabelecidas tornam-se tendências denominativas. / From out to out, place names are understandable as results of homage or rest as community history formation. In the first case, the name is understandable as retribution for a done action in favor of the local, dedicated to whose enforced to consolidate it, or ordered by politicians and socials and historic changes of reflex, In the second case, interprets the fixation of names testimonials of passage of determined people in the region or as description of characteristic names to the local, in general lost with its massive occupation. To ignore in both cases, the research of the formation process, of crystallization and resignification of place names creating, many times, wrong conclusions. In this research, we apply the methodology of recovery of denominating cases from Cities Atlas Project coordinated by Dick (1996), at freguesia do Brás, east side in the old paulistano nucleous. After rising up of the characteristics and the referenced used between years 1850 to 1914, we analyzed the development in way to singularize the spaces in opposition to occupation of the region and to change the resident profile. We realized three steps of the creation of place names: in the first, till a decade of 1870, while the freguesia do Brás kept away of the rest of São Paulo, the characteristics are formed by description of the space; between the decades of 1880 and 1900, period where old farmers allotted their own properties, the systematic denomination is clear on this region, but the fixation of the characteristics serve before the referenced, in case of the personal names indicated, and the wish to attribute place names that permit to rich regions, in case of the choronym, that an aleatory choice and to homage necessary said; happened after os the republics proclamation and occupation of freguesia do Brás by poor migrants, when the urbanization is evident, that homage to politicians authorities and the indication of the place names from motivations pre established turn to denominated tendencies.

De um extremo a outro, entende-se a toponímia de regiões urbanizadas como resultante de homenagens ou como resquícios da história de formação da comunidade. No primeiro caso, a denominação é entendida como retribuição a uma ação realizada em prol do local, dedicada àqueles que se empenharam em sua consolidação, ou impostas por autoridades políticas e como reflexos de mudanças históricas e sociais. No segundo caso, interpreta-se a fixação de designativos como testemunhos da passagem de determinados indivíduos na região ou como a descrição de características inerentes ao local, em geral perdidas com a sua ocupação maciça. Ignora-se, em ambos os casos, a pesquisa do processo de formação, de cristalização e de ressemantização do topônimo, gerando, muitas vezes, conclusões equivocadas. No presente trabalho, aplicamos a metodologia de recuperação de causas denominativas do Projeto Atlas das Cidades, coordenado por Dick (1996), à freguesia do Brás, região a leste do antigo núcleo paulistano. Após o levantamento dos designativos e dos referencializadores utilizados entre os anos de 1850 e 1914, analisamos o desenvolvimento da maneira de singularizar os espaços em contraste à ocupação da região e à mudança do perfil do morador. Constatamos três fases de engendramento de topônimos: na primeira, até a década de 1870, enquanto a freguesia do Brás mantém-se isolada do restante de São Paulo, os designativos são formados pela descrição do espaço; entre as décadas de 1880 e 1900, período em que os antigos chacareiros loteiam suas propriedades, a denominação sistemática é visível na região, mas a fixação dos designativos atende antes à referencialização, no caso de antropotopônimos indicados, e ao desejo de atribuir topônimos que remetessem a regiões prósperas, no caso dos corotopônimos, do que à escolha aleatória e à homenagem propriamente dita; é após a Proclamação da República e a ocupação da freguesia do Brás por imigrantes e migrantes pobres, quando se evidencia a urbanização, que a homenagem a autoridades políticas e a indicação de topônimos a partir de motivações toponímicas pré-estabelecidas tornam-se tendências denominativas. / From out to out, place names are understandable as results of homage or rest as community history formation. In the first case, the name is understandable as retribution for a done action in favor of the local, dedicated to whose enforced to consolidate it, or ordered by politicians and socials and historic changes of reflex, In the second case, interprets the fixation of names testimonials of passage of determined people in the region or as description of characteristic names to the local, in general lost with its massive occupation. To ignore in both cases, the research of the formation process, of crystallization and resignification of place names creating, many times, wrong conclusions. In this research, we apply the methodology of recovery of denominating cases from Cities Atlas Project coordinated by Dick (1996), at freguesia do Brás, east side in the old paulistano nucleous. After rising up of the characteristics and the referenced used between years 1850 to 1914, we analyzed the development in way to singularize the spaces in opposition to occupation of the region and to change the resident profile. We realized three steps of the creation of place names: in the first, till a decade of 1870, while the freguesia do Brás kept away of the rest of São Paulo, the characteristics are formed by description of the space; between the decades of 1880 and 1900, period where old farmers allotted their own properties, the systematic denomination is clear on this region, but the fixation of the characteristics serve before the referenced, in case of the personal names indicated, and the wish to attribute place names that permit to rich regions, in case of the choronym, that an aleatory choice and to homage necessary said; happened after os the republics proclamation and occupation of freguesia do Brás by poor migrants, when the urbanization is evident, that homage to politicians authorities and the indication of the place names from motivations pre established turn to denominated tendencies.

Thesis (M. A. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / The study examines the origin of place names and naming patterns of some communities in Mhala Sub-district in Bohlabela district in Mpumalanga Province. The study will deal with the various reasons underlying the naming of these place names and their origins. Furthermore the study will seek to find out how these place names were of great significance in that they are meaningful and preserve history. In order to achieve the aims of the proposal, the researcher will employ the qualitative research method. This qualitative research method will be supported by both primary and secondary methods in terms of data collection. The study will make people aware of the reflection of the value, importance and meaning attached to place names since it shows how people name their different places, which are in most instances body of history and meaningful. In other words, the study will endeavour to contribute to existing body of knowledge and understanding of the naming practices of some place names in Mhala sub-district of Bohlabela district in Mpumalanga Province.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between Finnish and non-Finnish by-names in the church registers of Nedertorneå in the nineteenth century. The investigation shows that the by-names are rather heterogeneous in character and a portion of them consists of elements from different languages. The by-names are divided into Finnish, non-Finnish and parental names, i.e. patronymics and metro-nymics. In order to study the development within the by-name stock in the rural communities of Nedertorneå and in the town of Haparanda, the numbers of Finnish and non-Finnish by-names and of parental names (including comibnations with these bynames), found within the population over the age of 20, are calculated at approximately 20-year intervals during the period 1825-1886. The investigation shows that the by-name stock in Nedertorneå is far more stable than in Haparanda. Individual changes of by-name from one selected year to the next are also taken up, together with certain causes and their possible effect on the changes in the byname stock for the population. By-name changes seem to be more common in Nedertorneå than in Haparanda. However, no real tendencies towards Swedicized forms emerge before the 1890s and the name changes tend rather to have social causes. Finally, an attempt is made to relate the number of Finnish and non-Finnish bynames (including combinations with these by-names) to certain population figures for men and women for the different selected years. The instability in Haparanda's byname stock depends on the faster population growth in the town. The value of various church registers for investigating by-names in the nineteenth century is also discussed. / digitalisering@umu

The thesis consists of the following papers: (1) Tre ortnamn på Spöl-. (Tre Kulturer. 2. Medlemsbokför Johan Nordlander-sällskapet tillägnad minnet av Roland Otterbjörk 1925-1984. Umeå 1985. ISSN 0281-9546.) (2) Ortnamnen i Västerbottens län. Del 14, Vännäs kommun, A Bebyggelsenamn. Umeå 1986. ISBN 91-86372-10-6. (Övre Norrlands ortnamn. ISSN 0348-7237.) (3) Studier över yngre nybyggesnamn i Västerbottens län, särskilt i Vännäs socken. Umeå 1986. ISBN 91-7174-237-9. (Nordsvenska. 2. Skrifter utgivna av Institutionen för nordiska språk vid Umeå uni­versitet. ISSN 0282-7182.) The chief aim of the thesis is to describe and etymologize the habitative names in the parish of Vännäs in the county of Västerbotten, northern Sweden. The material used consists of place-name forms recorded in the local dialects. The material forms the basis of the author's hypotheses concerning sound changes and morphological changes and the original significance of the various place-names. The hypotheses have been tested by confronting them with historical data concerning the settlement of the area, with linguistic material, with parallel place-names and with topographical data. The purpose of the third paper is to draw further conclusions about the naming of the younger settlements (i.e. settlements from the 18th and the 19th centuries) in the county of Västerbotten as a whole. To shed light on this problem a large number of similar younger habitative names in the area have been examined. The main result of this study is that a number of the second elements of these names can be considered topographically non-motivated and suffixlike. Another result is that the interference from the authorities concerning the direct naming of the young settlements is pro­bably insignificant. / digitalisering@umu

In working with Elder John Killulark, this project aimed at documenting the history of the Amaruq and Kigjugalik families and his perspective of the Land around Akulliqpaaq Qamaniq (Aberdeen Lake) and Qamaniq Tugliqpaaq (Schultz Lake). The study area is on the west side of Hudson Bay, Nunavut, and has been used by the families for many generations. In sharing his thoughts about life prior to moving to the permanent settlement of Baker Lake. He then described the family’s homeland through stories, songs, and legends and by providing a detailed map of the area including more than 290 place names. Our parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, and ancestors were once closely linked to the Land. The Land is important to Inuit and through this project, we can reflect on how old and new traditions are coming together to provide a bright future for Inuit.

In working with Elder John Killulark, this project aimed at documenting the history of the Amaruq and Kigjugalik families and his perspective of the Land around Akulliqpaaq Qamaniq (Aberdeen Lake) and Qamaniq Tugliqpaaq (Schultz Lake). The study area is on the west side of Hudson Bay, Nunavut, and has been used by the families for many generations. In sharing his thoughts about life prior to moving to the permanent settlement of Baker Lake. He then described the family’s homeland through stories, songs, and legends and by providing a detailed map of the area including more than 290 place names. Our parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, and ancestors were once closely linked to the Land. The Land is important to Inuit and through this project, we can reflect on how old and new traditions are coming together to provide a bright future for Inuit.

Scandinavia is famous for their Viking ships and their raids during the 9th century. However, the Scandinavian society was widely divided between the ruling forces. There are a lot of evidence for conflicts within the Viking world, with both written sources, stories and archaeological records speaking for it. As the ship, and travel by water, was one of the most efficient ways of travelling, widely used within all of Iron Age Scandinavia, this paper seeks to explore the possibilities of a maritime defense system within the central Viking society using place names and GIS. Uppland, as one of the most influential areas in Scandinavian Iron Age, hosting sites as Vendel and Gamla Uppsala, the use and need of a maritime defense would have been, due to the risk of conflict, vital.

This study looks at English place names in Swedish texts with a focus on which translation strategies are more common today, whether there is a progress from a diachronic perspective from translation to transference, and whether the prominence of each place name affects the chosen translation strategy. The thesis includes a corpusbased study of 299 place names collected from four sources, which were researched in the online newspaper archive found on the website of the National Library of Sweden. A chapter from Rowan Moore’s book Slow Burn City was translated and its use of place names analysed in light of the corpus results. The results showed that transference is the most used strategy today while part-translations and additions are also frequently used. The prominence of a place has been shown to be a determining factor in the chosen translation strategy, with more well-known places being transferred in English than lesser known places. The results varied between the different categories of place names (institutions and facilities, objects and works of art and geographical places) regarding the most frequent strategies in the past with some categories showing a progress from translation to transference, others with even use of translation and transference in the past and finally two categories where English was more common in the past than today.