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INTRODUÇÃO: O retalho ântero-lateral da coxa é baseado em vasos perfurantes do ramo descendente da artéria circunflexa lateral femoral. Este retalho tem características muito interessantes para a cirurgia reparadora, como a pequena espessura, pedículo longo e excelente área doadora. No entanto, existem muitas controvérsias na literatura quanto aos vasos perfurantes e ao trajeto do pedículo deste retalho. Neste trabalho procurou-se estabelecer alguns parâmetros anatômicos e esclarecer estas controvérsias. MÉTODO: Estudaram-se 100 coxas de 50 cadáveres quanto aos seguintes aspectos: 1- Número e localização de perfurantes encontrados, 2- Trajeto do pedículo perfurante, 3- Trajetória intramuscular, 4- Comprimento do trajeto intramuscular, 5- Comprimento total do pedículo, 6- Diâmetro dos vasos e 7- Espessura do retalho. RESULTADOS: 1- Encontraram-se de 0 a 4 perfurantes por coxa estudada, todas em um raio de até 6cm do ponto médio entre a espinha ilíaca ântero-superior e a borda lateral da patela. 2- Os vasos perfurantes tinham trajeto músculo-cutâneo em 75,76% das coxas e septo-cutâneo em 24,24%. 3- Dos pedículos perfurantes com trajeto músculo-cutâneo, 86,67% possuíam trajetória indireta contra 13,33% com trajetória direta. 4- O comprimento médio do trajeto intramuscular dos pedículos foi de 3,67 ± 2,01 cm. 5- O comprimento médio do pedículo total foi de 11,31 ± 3,12 cm. 6- O diâmetro médio da artéria na origem do ramo descendente da artéria circunflexa femoral foi de 2,21 ± 0,85 mm e para as veias no mesmo local de 2,66 ± 1,33 mm e 2,10 ± 1,11 mm. 7- A espessura da tela subcutânea foi de 8,98 ±6,23 mm e da pele de 1,60 ± 0,76 mm. CONCLUSÕES: 1- Existiu uma pequena possibilidade de não haver pedículos perfurantes. 2- Quando presentes, os pedículos perfurantes do ramo descendente da artéria circunflexa lateral femoral eram encontrados em numero de 1 a 4, sempre em um raio de 6 cm a partir do ponto médio entre a espinha ilíaca ântero-superior e a borda lateral da patela. 3- Os trajetos dos pedículos perfurantes eram predominantemente músculo-cutâneos. 4- A trajetória intramuscular encontrada foi predominantemente indireta. 5- O comprimento do trajeto intramuscular correspondeu a 31,69% do comprimento total do pedículo. 6- O comprimento total do pedículo se mostrou adequado tanto para transferências locais como à distancia por técnicas microcirúrgicas. 7- Os diâmetros dos vasos, tanto da artéria quanto das veias, se mostraram adequados para a realização de anastomoses microcirúrgicas. 8- A espessura do retalho encontrada foi significantemente maior nas coxas de indivíduos femininos, mas tanto nos homens quanto nas mulheres a espessura foi relativamente fina. / INTRODUCTION: The anterolateral thigh flap is based on the perforator vessels of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. This flap has very interesting characteristics for the reconstructive surgery, like the small thickness, long pedicle and excellent donor site. On the other hand, there are many controversial data on the literature about the perforator vessels and the pedicle course of this flap. The aims of this study are to establish some anatomical parameters and clear some controversies. METHOD: A hundred thighs of 50 cadavers were studied for: 1- The number and location of the perforator vessels. 2- The course of the perforator pedicles. 3- The intramuscular course. 4- The length of the intramuscular course. 5- The total length of the vascular pedicle. 6- The diameter of the vessels. and 7- The thickness of the flap. RESULTS: 1- There were found from 0 to 4 perforators per thigh, all in a 6cm radius from the mid point between the anterosuperior iliac spine and the lateral border of the patella. 2- The pedicles was musculocutaneous in 75,76% of the thighs and septocutaneous in 24,24%. 3- Among the musculocutaneous pedicles, 86,67% had a direct intramuscular course, and 13,33% had indirect course. 4- The mean length of the intramuscular course was 3,67 ± 2,01 cm. 5- The mean total pedicle length was 11,31 ± 3,12 cm. 6-The mean artery diameter on the origin of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was 2,21 ± 0,85 mm and the mean vein diameter on the same spot was 2,66 ±1,33 mm and 2,10 ± 1,11 mm. 7- The mean subcutaneous fat tissue thickness was 8,98 ± 6,23 mm and the mean skin thickness was e 1,60 ± 0,76 mm. CONCLUSIONS: 1- There was a possibility of finding no perforators of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. 2- When present, the perforators pedicles were found in numbers between 1 to 4, always in a 6cm radius from the mid point between the anterosuperior iliac spine and the lateral border of the patella. 3- The perforators pedicles courses were predominantly musculocutaneous. 4- The intramuscular courses were mainly indirect. 5- The intramuscular length was responsible for 31,69% of the total length of the vascular pedicle. 6- The total length of the pedicle was adequate for either local or microsurgical transfers. 7- The arterial and venous diameters were adequate for microsurgical anastomosis. 8- The female cadavers had significantly thicker flaps, but both in the male and the female cadavers the flap was considerably thin.

This thesis features a qualitative analysis of eight Korean media products — both fiction and nonfiction. For many years, South Korea (hereafter also called Korea) has been called the "world's plastic surgery capital" by many publications, such as Business Insider and The New Yorker. Although Business Insider considers the United States the "vainest country in the world," the numbers of cosmetic surgeries, percentage wise, per person in Korea still outnumber those in the United States, with 20 procedures per 1,000 persons. In this thesis, I argue by using the cultivation theory that Korean television, such as K-Dramas, talk shows and films, which celebrate transformations and feature makeovers and thus normalize cosmetic surgery, create a fantastic space for viewers where the viewers are compelled to act on a media-generated desire to undergo cosmetic surgery in the belief that doing so will also transform or better their lives in the same way it does for the characters in these Korean television productions.

This thesis examines the embodiment of the sexed body and the struggle of fitting into the narrow frames of what a woman is supposed to behave and look like in Japanese cinema. Using the medium of film, I, therefore, seek to produce knowledge regarding the internalized gaze of the oppressor, and self-objectification, caused by the capitalist heteropatriarchy. Thus, I am drawing from cyborg feminism, and the second wave of sexual difference theory’s concept of becoming, expanded upon by the Italian-Australian philosopher Rosi Braidotti. I further use the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of masculine domination and the American philosopher Gayle Rubin’s charmed circle, in creating a theoretical framework, and using the methods of cultural and feminist film analysis to contextualize the films and locate the subjectification of the women. The movies that I will be analyzing are the Japanese director and poet Sion Sono’s Antiporno (アンチポルノ, 2016) and the Japanese director and photographer Mika Ninagawa’s Helter Skelter (ヘルタースケルター, 2012), which both center around two women and their struggle in becoming-cyborg, in relation to power, trauma, sexuality, technology, and beauty ideals in ‘modernized’ Japan. In that sense, I will study the phenomenon of operating outside the lines of social norms of femininity and desire.

Background: Disruptive technology describes technology that is significantly more advanced than previous iterations, such as: 3D printing, genetic manipulation, stem cell research, innovative surgical procedures, and computer-based charting software. These technologies often require extensive overhauls to implement into older systems and must overcome many difficult financial and societal complications before they can be widely used. In a field like healthcare that makes frequent advancements, these difficulties can mean that the technology will not be utilized to its full potential or implemented at all. Objective: To determine the inhibiting factors that prevent disruptive technology from being implemented in conventional healthcare. Methods: Peer reviewed articles were gathered from Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), Elton B. Stephens Co. Host (Ebsco Host), Medical Literature On-line (Medline), and Psychological Information Database (PsychINFO). Articles were included if written in English and focusing on technology that was or is difficult to implement. Results: Research suggests that the primary reason disruptive technology is not implemented sooner is the cost versus benefit ratio. Those technologies with extremely high benefits that greatly improve efficiency, safety, or expense are integrated relatively quickly, especially if their cost is reasonable. Secondary reasons for difficulty with integration include ethical dilemmas, extreme complexity, technical limitations, maintenance, security, and fallibility. Conclusion: Research indicates that a decrease in production cost and selling price along with removing any issues that may depreciate the technology will provide better incentives for healthcare systems to integrate disruptive technologies on a wider scale.