Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Bernardo Eneias de Oliveira.pdf: 7503922 bytes, checksum: 38e1b7c5e0a0d70391181c2111f702b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-12 / The research project investigates a social phenomenon that presents itself today in various parts of the world: the aging associated with entrepreneurship and their transformations in emancipatory process. Our focus is Brazil, further in São Paulo-SP, it is both great diversity of migrants from various other locations, broadened the range to take senior status, the umbrella of behavior and social relations, in time and space and socio-economic dimension, with a range of development opportunities. It is important to do so, the scene of the hegemonic and contrahegemônica neoliberal globalization, parts of the capitalist system. The study seeks opportunities for the elderly to continue to play socially, through new forms of business, using alternative employment and production models, increasingly acquainting human potential, with knowledge and skills development, adapting to the environment . The line of research studies social, cultural and anthropological, referring to the analysis of demographic aging and proposing alternatives for the country, a capitalist approach to economic and public policy, can support the society that is aging in sharp speed, with the point main analysis of its action and its potential before the (re) socialization and life cycle. Presentation of the research aims, without losing the anthropological approach and sociologist, give theoretical support to Geronte process of adapting to social changes through their potential for autonomy, to freely manage your life and your own choices, with the chances of survival resulting from their entrepreneurship and emancipatory knowledge / O projeto de pesquisa investiga um fenômeno social que se apresenta, hoje, em varias partes do mundo: o envelhecimento associado ao empreendedorismo e suas transformações num processo emancipatório. Nosso foco é o Brasil, mais aprofundadamente no município de São Paulo-SP, que, reunindo grande diversidade de migrantes de várias outras localidades, amplia o universo para exame da condição do idoso, na égide de comportamento e relações sociais, no tempo e espaço e na dimensão socioeconômica, com um leque de possibilidades de empreendimento. É relevante, para isso, o cenário da globalização neoliberal hegemônica e contrahegemônica , partes do sistema capitalista . O estudo busca possibilidades do idoso de continuar a reproduzir socialmente, através de novas formas de negocio, utilizando alternativas de empregabilidade e de modelos de produção, cada vez mais se inteirando ao potencial humano, com conhecimento e desenvolvimento de habilidades, adaptando-se ao ambiente. A linha de pesquisa estuda questões sociais, culturais e antropológicas, remetendo a analise do envelhecimento demográfico e propondo alternativas para que o País, numa abordagem capitalista das políticas econômicas e públicas, possa sustentar a sociedade, que está envelhecendo em velocidade acentuada, tendo como ponto principal a análise de sua ação e seu potencial diante da (re) socialização e do ciclo de vida. O encaminhamento da pesquisa pretende, sem perder o enfoque antropológico e sociólogo, dar sustentação teórica ao processo de adaptação do geronte às mudanças sociais através de seu potencial de autonomia, no sentido de gerenciar livremente sua vida e suas próprias escolhas, com as possibilidades de sobrevivência resultantes de seu empreendedorismo e conhecimento emancipatório

Carolina Wrens, Thryothorus ludovicianus, are permanent residents throughout their range. They form pair bonds at a young age, maintain these bonds for multiple years, and defend feeding/breeding territories year round. Male Carolina Wrens use songs in territorial defense and have been shown to countersing regularly to both neighbors and intruders. They use various song characteristics to determine the location of another bird and whether its territory has been invaded. Wrens often approach playbacks silently in apparent searching behavior. In some cases, birds will investigate the playback but fail to countersing. I wanted to determine whether or not wrens would respond more strongly during playbacks with a decoy. In addition, the experiment was conducted during breeding and nonbreeding periods to compare responses across seasons. The findings show that wrens respond more aggressively to playbacks with a decoy and to playbacks conducted during the breeding season.

De nombreuses espèces de poissons sont connues pour produire des sons dans différents contextes sociaux suggérant un rôle important des signaux acoustiques dans la communication. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier la structure et la fonction des sons produits lors d'interactions agressives entre mâles chez le poisson cichlidé Metriaclima zebra. Grâce à des expériences de playback, le rôle relatif des indices acoustiques et visuels lors des interactions agonistiques est évalué. Les résultats montrent que les comportements agressifs reposent essentiellement sur des stimuli visuels. Les stimuli acoustiques seuls ne déclenchent jamais d'agression mais modulent le comportement des mâles en diminuant le niveau élevé d'agressivité observé lorsque le canal visuel est seul présent. Une analyse fine de la structure acoustique des sons produits pendant des conflits montre que les signaux émis par M. zebra codent des informations relatives à la taille de l'individu émetteur. La signature individuelle reste assez mal définie. Pour comprendre le décodage de l'information au niveau du poisson récepteur, j'ai mis au point un protocole de test permettant de constater que des mâles territoriaux augmentent leur activité territoriale et approchent le haut-parleur en réponse aux playbacks. Des expériences de playback utilisant des signaux aux paramètres acoustiques artificiellement modifiés suggèrent une grande tolérance des individus envers les variations temporelles. Cette thèse participe ainsi à la compréhension de la fonction biologique de la communication acoustique chez un poisson. Elle appelle de nouvelles études concernant les informations transmises et leur codage

<p>Active safety systems for automobiles in the form of camera systems have evolved rapidly the last ten years, Autoliv Electronics in Linköping develops multiple such systems. In their development process there is a need for a Break out Box (BoB) to record and playback video and CAN data as if the camera system was used in an actual automobile. The aim of this thesis has been to develop a BoB for these camera systems. The work has been divided into three phases; identification of requirements, design of the BoB and implementation of a prototype. The project has addressed four known issues with the currently used BoB; bandwidth, modularity, synchronization and usability. The result is a new BoB which is based on an FPGA connecting to a PC over Gigabit Ethernet. The design is an extendible platform for multiple channels of video, CAN data, other serial data and future extensions. A prototype proves the design concept by successfully recording video for the Autoliv NightVision system onto a PC.</p>

<p>A central goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the processes responsible for morphological, genetic and behavioural differentiation between sexes and among geographically distinct populations. Perhaps the most significant processes are genetic drift, natural selection, phenotypic plasticity and sexual selection. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate differentiation among individuals and populations of the sex-role reversed pipefish (<i>Syngnathus typhle</i>) and, consequently, determine which processes may be responsible for emerging patterns. This unique species is characterised by males predominately choosing amongst displaying females.</p><p>In this thesis I revealed, on a microgeographic scale, morphological differentiation without genetic divergence among populations. Interestingly, females differed in size whereas the males did not. For females in this sex-role reversed species, the costs of expressing a plastic phenotype may be outweighed by the potential gains from greater survivorship, higher fecundity or increased mating success. Thus, females gain the ability to make themselves as conspicuous and attractive to males as possible in the specific environment they are living. Moreover, behavioural experiments, which focussed on describing “personalities”, reproductive investment strategies, and mate-sampling tactics, also indicated that males as well as females had the behavioural plasticity required to adjust to the environment in which they live. To this end, using video playbacks as experimental stimuli may be especially rewarding in this species.</p><p>Overall, the studies in this thesis acknowledge the ability of species to fine-tune their phenotype to maximise fitness and, therefore, highlight the importance of considering patterns of differentiation in an environment-specific context. </p>

A central goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the processes responsible for morphological, genetic and behavioural differentiation between sexes and among geographically distinct populations. Perhaps the most significant processes are genetic drift, natural selection, phenotypic plasticity and sexual selection. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate differentiation among individuals and populations of the sex-role reversed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle) and, consequently, determine which processes may be responsible for emerging patterns. This unique species is characterised by males predominately choosing amongst displaying females. In this thesis I revealed, on a microgeographic scale, morphological differentiation without genetic divergence among populations. Interestingly, females differed in size whereas the males did not. For females in this sex-role reversed species, the costs of expressing a plastic phenotype may be outweighed by the potential gains from greater survivorship, higher fecundity or increased mating success. Thus, females gain the ability to make themselves as conspicuous and attractive to males as possible in the specific environment they are living. Moreover, behavioural experiments, which focussed on describing “personalities”, reproductive investment strategies, and mate-sampling tactics, also indicated that males as well as females had the behavioural plasticity required to adjust to the environment in which they live. To this end, using video playbacks as experimental stimuli may be especially rewarding in this species. Overall, the studies in this thesis acknowledge the ability of species to fine-tune their phenotype to maximise fitness and, therefore, highlight the importance of considering patterns of differentiation in an environment-specific context.

Active safety systems for automobiles in the form of camera systems have evolved rapidly the last ten years, Autoliv Electronics in Linköping develops multiple such systems. In their development process there is a need for a Break out Box (BoB) to record and playback video and CAN data as if the camera system was used in an actual automobile. The aim of this thesis has been to develop a BoB for these camera systems. The work has been divided into three phases; identification of requirements, design of the BoB and implementation of a prototype. The project has addressed four known issues with the currently used BoB; bandwidth, modularity, synchronization and usability. The result is a new BoB which is based on an FPGA connecting to a PC over Gigabit Ethernet. The design is an extendible platform for multiple channels of video, CAN data, other serial data and future extensions. A prototype proves the design concept by successfully recording video for the Autoliv NightVision system onto a PC.

Submitted by BRUNA LOPES PINTO null (brunalopes111@gmail.com) on 2017-08-02T13:08:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna_Lopes Pinto_defesa de mestrado.pdf: 1828198 bytes, checksum: f87153ba517dc4a0051e0058362a5ed3 (MD5) / Rejected by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido está sem a ficha catalográfica e sem o certificado de aprovação. O número do processo FAPESP deve constar nos agradecimentos da dissertação/tese. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-08-03T17:34:36Z (GMT) / Submitted by BRUNA LOPES PINTO null (brunalopes111@gmail.com) on 2017-08-12T19:37:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna_Lopes Pinto_defesa_mestrado.pdf: 2556419 bytes, checksum: a7f4d02a3a6803b418af5a8a09394fc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-08-18T18:55:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pinto_bl_me_rcla.pdf: 2556419 bytes, checksum: a7f4d02a3a6803b418af5a8a09394fc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T18:55:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pinto_bl_me_rcla.pdf: 2556419 bytes, checksum: a7f4d02a3a6803b418af5a8a09394fc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O bioma Mata Atlântica possui alta diversidade de primatas e com alto grau de endemismo, porém grande parte desses primatas estão ameaçados devido à grande modificação da paisagem. O mico-leão-preto (Callitrichidae, Leontopithecus chrysopygus) é uma espécie endêmica do Estado de São de Paulo, ameaçada de extinção, que ocorre na Mata Atlântica e cuja detecção é difícil por ser de pequeno porte, críptico e ocorrer em baixa densidade. Para poder implementar programas de conservação eficazes, é necessário o conhecimento das áreas de ocorrência da espécie assim como das características ambientais que favorecem sua ocupação. Este trabalho tem como objetivo determinar as características da paisagem e locais que influenciam a ocupação e detecção do mico-leão preto. Através do playback, foi realizado o levantamento dos micos-leões-pretos em 16 sítios amostrais, com 3 pontos em cada um e 3 repetições (uma por mês, Maio-Julho de 2016). Coletamos dados sobre as características locais (largura dos pontos amostrais, diâmetro à altura do peito das árvores, estratificação e presença de gado) e da paisagem (conectividade funcional, quantidade de densidade de borda, cobertura vegetal, tipo de matriz e distância à Estação Ecológica de Angatuba) em cada ponto amostral. As características foram obtidas através dos programas ArcGis, Grass e Google Earth Pro, além da ajuda de um botânico para algumas características locais. O modelo de ocupação (verossimilhança), através da análise de padrão-de única estação (standard-singleseason) pelo programa PRESENCE ® versão 11.8, foi utilizado para encontrar as características que melhor explicam a ocupação e detecção do mico-leão-preto. A ocupação foi de 26% e a detecção de 75%. As características da paisagem foram as que influenciaram tanto na ocupação quanto na detecção. A ocupação dos micos-leões-pretos foi associada à quantidade de áreas florestais, que obteve uma relação positiva, a mesma também encontrada para a detectabilidade. Todavia, a detecção apresentou outra característica (quantidade de densidade de borda), que em lugares mais alterados (com efeito de borda) podem apresentar uma vantagem em relação à locais mais conservados (mais fechados), auxiliando na propagação do som e facilitando a procura do mico no campo. Assim, ao identificar as principais características que influenciam a ocupação dos micos-leões-pretos, outros locais podem ser estimados e as áreas florestais priorizadas e com as medidas mitigadoras mais direcionadas para a preservação e conservação da espécie juntamente com seus hábitats. / The Atlantic Forest biome presents high primate diversity and high degree of endemism, but most of these primates are threatened habitat fragmentation. The black lion tamarin (Callitrichidae, Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is an endemic species of the State of São Paulo, threatened with extinction, occurring in the Atlantic Forest and whose detection is difficult because it is small, cryptic and occurs in low density. In order to implement effective conservation programs, it is necessary to know the areas of occurrence of the species as well as the environmental characteristics that favor their presence. This work aims to determine local and landscape characteristics that influence the occupancy and detection of the black lion tamarin. We used the playback methodology to find the primates in 16 sites samples with 3 points in each and 3 replicates (one per month, May-July 2016). It was collect data from local (width of sampling points, diameter at breast height, stratification and presence of cattle) and landscape characteristics (functional connectivity, amount of border density, vegetation cover, type of matrix and distance to the Ecological Station of Angatuba) at each sampling point. The characteristics were from ArcGis, Grass and Google Earth Pro software, and also from a botanist. The occupation model (likelihood), through standard-single-season (standardsingle-season) using the PRESENCE ® version 11.8 software, helped to find which characteristics best explain the occupation and detection of the black lion tamarin. The occupation was 26% and the detection was 75%. The characteristics of the landscape were those that influenced both (occupation and detection). The occupation of the black lion tamarins was associated to the number of forest areas, which obtained a positive relation, the same also it was find for detectability. However, the detection presented another characteristic (amount of edge density), which shows that in more altered sites (with border effect) can present an advantage over the more conserved (more closed) sites, helping the propagation of the sound and facilitating the search of the black lion tamarin in the field. Thus, identifying the main characteristics that influence the occupation of black lion tamarins, other sites can be estimate, forest areas can be prioritized and mitigating measures for the preservation and conservation of the species along with their habitats. / FAPESP: 2014/14739-0

Det är väldigt populärt att spela upp musik på YouTube. För flitigamusikanvändare finns en tydlig nackdel vid musikanvändning på YouTube, eftersom tjänsten ursprungligen är skapad för enbart hantering av videoklipp. I denna uppsats har det undersökts hur YouTube kan förbättras för användaresom nyttjar tjänsten till uppspelning av musik. Studien grundas på litteraturstudier och en förundersökning gjord på 34 personer, där 97 % använder YouTube till musiklyssning. Genom att tillämpa metoder somanvänts för studien har det blivit möjligt att ta reda på vad som värdesätts vid organisering och uppspelning av musik. Slutligen har användartester på en egenutvecklad prototyp gjorts där resultat visar att tillämpningar som används för studien skulle kunna användas för att förbättra organisering ochuppspelning av musik på YouTube. / Playing music on YouTube is very popular. For frequent users there is a distinguishable disadvantage when using YouTube to play music, since the service originally was created to handle video clips. In this theses it has been researched how YouTube could improve for users that use the service to play music. The study was founded on literature studies and a pilot study conducted with 34 people, where 97 % uses YouTube too listen to music. By applying methods used for this study it was possible to find out what aspects are valued concerning organization and playback of music. Finally, user tests were conducted using a prototype showing results of applications made could be used to improve organization and playback of music on YouTube.

Sound production is a widespread phenomenon in fishes; however, the importance of acoustic signals and their potential to influence reproduction has not been determined. This dissertation examines fish acoustic courtship signals to investigate whether sound has a role in reproductive success. The pre-spawning sounds of several fishes were recorded and analyzed. The male advertisement call of two species of Belizean toadfish, Sanopus astrifer and Batrachoides gilberti, were found to significantly differ. These data, coupled with data in the literature suggest an influence of habitat characteristics on the calling behavior of toadfishes. Additionally, acoustic playback experiments were employed to investigate the role of male courtship sounds in the Malawi cichlid species, Tramitichromis intermedius. Playback results indicated that male sounds may initiate egg-laying behavior in females, but may not be behaviorally relevant to conspecific males. A discussion of confounding factors in aquarium playback experiments is presented. Technical aspects of fish sound recording, playback, and analysis were also examined to provide information for future fish bioacoustics studies. It was determined that digital cameras are a useful method of recording fish sounds to describe metric characteristics; however, temporal parameters are more accurately captured by hydrophones, which are optimal for use in scientific description of fish sounds. Underwater speakers commonly used in fish playback experiments were tested for fidelity when producing a low-frequency pulsed fish sound. The Electro-Voice UW30 speaker was found to perform the best playback at low sound pressure levels (<120 dB re 1 μPa) and at short distances (< 15 cm). The Clark Synthesis AQ339 speaker performed the best playback at higher sound pressure levels (>120 dB re 1 μPa) and at greater distances than the UW30. Many fish sounds have been described in the literature; however, there is no standardization of sample size used in species descriptions. A method is presented that can be used to estimate the level of inclusiveness of sound variability in sound descriptions, and to approximate sufficient sample sizes of recordings. The courtship calls of Dascyllus albisella and Batrachoides gilberti were examined to illustrate this method and to provide a benchmark for future sound descriptions.