Background: Emerging in December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic profoundly changed consumer behaviour leading to social distancing and mitigating physical contact. Statistics show an increased use of contactless and mobile payment usage and adoption during the pandemic. It is unclear how valid previous models on mobile payment adoption explain adoption behaviour in emergency situations. While there are few studies approaching the adoption behaviour during the pandemic, there is also little previous research on mobile payment adoption prior to the pandemic in Germany. Purpose: The present thesis intends to advance several previously researched technological adoption frameworks to focus on and measure consumers’ perception of mobile payment technology adopting during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, our model provides a basis to understand mobile payment adoption in Germany during the pandemic. Method: Based on hypotheses derived from an adapted UTAUT2 model, we conducted quantitative deductive research reaching 258 questionnaire participants based in Germany. The empirical data was analysed through structural equation modelling. Conclusion: The findings show that Performance Expectancy still represents the primary driver of intention to adopt mobile payments during the pandemic, yet it is strongly supported by the initially contextualised Contamination Avoidance element and complemented by Habit, Effort Expectancy. Practitioners benefit from the study to better tailor campaigns in accordance with the main driver of adoption behaviour, while our findings contribute new insights into technology adoption in Germany during emergency situations.

This master thesis deals with possibilities for addressing customers at point of sale. Its objective is to apply current theoretical approaches to the field of research in order to design a concrete solution for increase of communication effectiveness of dermo-cosmetics products at pharmacies.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-15T19:30:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 07c.pdf: 3563236 bytes, checksum: 2a8a30d097c9f9cde3cf40d70c7b441f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T19:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07c.pdf: 3563236 bytes, checksum: 2a8a30d097c9f9cde3cf40d70c7b441f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / No Design Estratégico, o produto é considerado como parte de um sistema – o Sistema Produto-Serviço – ampliando sua concepção e atribuindo ao design uma perspectiva estratégica. Sob a ótica do Design Estratégico, o ponto de venda, como um espaço de interações diversas entre a organização e o usuário, pode ser projetado de modo global, para que os indivíduos usufruam de experiências que visem criar vínculos afetivos, o que inclui todas as formas de estimulação do usuário. Dentre as diversas abordagens que permitem trabalhar a relação entre projetos de design e a experiência do usuário, este estudo adota a perspectiva de Jordan (1999) sobre a personalidade do produto. Essa concepção inclui o uso de uma técnica chamada de Atribuição de Personalidade ao Produto (APP) que propõe a compreensão dos produtos como entes vivos, dotados de personalidades – sendo atribuídos traços de personalidade humana aos produtos associados às suas qualidades estéticas. De modo específico, a dimensão sonora do objeto “sapato de salto” – resultante da interação entre diferentes tipos de solados com pisos distintos – e a atribuição de personalidade a estes estímulos sonoros consistem no foco do presente estudo, que pretende explorar as possibilidades de qualificação da experiência dos usuários em lojas de varejo feminino através do som, buscando responder ao seguinte problema: de que forma o Design Estratégico, com base na compreensão da dimensão sonora da personalidade do produto “sapato de salto”, pode contribuir com o design do ponto de venda? Para tanto, resgatam-se visões de alguns autores que abordam os principais temas a serem tratados: Design Estratégico, Sistema Produto-Serviço e Design para a Experiência, cujo foco será a abordagem de Jordan (1999) no que se refere ao conceito de “personalidade do produto”. Assim, por meio de uma pesquisa experimental – realizada com base nos estímulos sonoros decorrentes da interação entre diferentes tipos de solados e pisos –, pretendeu-se compreender a relação entre o som e a personalidade do objeto “sapato de salto”. Estas percepções podem contribuir para a concepção de lojas de varejo, já que a interação sonora entre este calçado com tipos de pisos distintos pode ser vista como um gatilho para experiências positivas. Os resultados indicam que é possível manipular a personalidade do produto por meio de sons advindos da interação entre os materiais utilizados nele e no ambiente. Assim, este estudo reforça a importância do som como uma dimensão capaz de atribuir personalidades ao produto, intermediando e favorecendo, portanto, a experiência envolvida na interação usuário-produto-ambiente. / In Strategic Design, the product is considered as part of a system - the Product - Service System - expanding its conception and providing design with a strategic perspective. From the perspective of Strategic Design, the point of sale, as a space of several interactions between the organization and the user, can be designed in a global way, so that individuals enjoy experiences that aim to create emotional bonds, which includes all forms user stimulation. Among the various approaches that allow working the relationship between design projects and user experience, this study adopts the perspective of Jordan (1999) on the personality of the product. This conception includes the use of a technique called Assigning Personality to Product (APP) which proposes that an understanding of the artifacts as living entities, endowed with personalities - being attributed to human personality traits associated with their aesthetic qualities. Specifically, the sound dimension of the artifact “high heel shoes" - resulting from the interaction between different types of soles with specific floors - and the attribution of personality to these sound stimuli consist on the focus of this work, which aims to explore the possibilities of qualification of the user experience in female footwear retail stores through sound, taking in consideration the understanding of the following problem: how Strategic Design, based on the understanding of the sound dimension of the personality of the product “high heel shoes", may contribute to the design on the sales point of view? To do so, we rescue visions of some authors that talk about the main issues to be addressed here: Design Strategy, Product - Service System and Design for Experience, whose focus will be the approach of Jordan (1999) with regard to the concept of "product personality". Thus , through an experimental research - carried out on the basis of sound stimuli arising from the interaction between different types of soles and floors , we intended to understand the relationship between sound and the personality of the object “high heel shoes”. These perceptions may contribute to the design of retail stores, as the sound interaction between these shoes with different types of floors can be seen as a trigger for positive experiences. The results indicate that it is possible to manipulate the personality of the product by sounds coming from the interaction between the materials used in it and in the environment. Thus, this study reinforces the importance of sound as a dimension capable of assigning personalities to the product, brokering and favoring therefore the experience involved in the iteration user-product-environment.

The diploma thesis deals with design and implementation of the information system for sale support. In the first part of the thesis is done market analysis and described legislative requirements. These theoretical findings are further applied in the design part of the system. System is designed in spirit of good user experience(UX). Application is created with offline-first approach by React Native framework for cross-platform development of mobile applications. Synchronization between end point devices is done by CouchDB database system.

This thesis sheds light on the functioning and characteristics of payment systems to serve as a foundation for understanding the drivers for higher payment system efficiency. Its central goal is to develop insights into the determinants of collective payment choice suitable to lower payment costs to society. So far, the institutional environment, as potential important influence on the payment instrument mix, has not been focused on in the literature. Therefore, particular emphasis is laid on the empirical analysis of the impact of institutional factors on the share of card payments on consumer spending at the point of sale (POS). For this, a unique panel data set is constructed covering the eight most important European payment markets ranked by non-cash transaction volumes. The empirical results allow formulating conditions necessary to achieve a more efficient payment mix. They also form a basis for the assessment of related policy measures with a focus on the SEPA project in terms of their efficiency enhancing effect. Future research could possibly build upon the panel data collected.

This thesis sheds light on the functioning and characteristics of payment systems to serve as a foundation for understanding the drivers for higher payment system efficiency. Its central goal is to develop insights into the determinants of collective payment choice suitable to lower payment costs to society. So far, the institutional environment, as potential important influence on the payment instrument mix, has not been focused on in the literature. Therefore, particular emphasis is laid on the empirical analysis of the impact of institutional factors on the share of card payments on consumer spending at the point of sale (POS). For this, a unique panel data set is constructed covering the eight most important European payment markets ranked by non-cash transaction volumes. The empirical results allow formulating conditions necessary to achieve a more efficient payment mix. They also form a basis for the assessment of related policy measures with a focus on the SEPA project in terms of their efficiency enhancing effect. Future research could possibly build upon the panel data collected.:1 Introduction 1.1 Payment behaviour in selected European countries 1.2 Research question and approach 2 Foundations: Payment systems and markets 2.1 Functioning of payment systems 2.1.1 Payments, market participants and payment system 2.1.2 Payment instruments and methods 2.1.3 Clearing and settlement arrangements 2.1.4 First observations on obstacles to payment systems development 2.2 Network character of payment markets 2.2.1 Theories of networks 2.2.2 Demand-side network effects in payment markets 2.2.3 Two-sided markets and payment cards 2.2.4 Supply-side economies of scale and open access to infrastructure 2.2.5 Obstacles to payment system development 3 Efficiency of payment systems 3.1 Research on payment infrastructure costs 3.1.1 Efficiency of interbank retail payment systems 3.1.2 Efficiency of intrabank payment processing 3.1.3 Factors influencing infrastructure efficiency 3.2 Research on payment instrument costs at the POS 3.2.1 Methodology and classification of the literature 3.2.2 Estimates of payment costs at the POS 3.2.3 Indicative efficiency ranking of payment instruments 4 Research on payment instrument choice at the POS 4.1 Data sources and categorisation of payment choice determinants 4.2 Price characteristics of payment instruments 4.3 Non-price characteristics of payment instruments 4.4 Transaction attributes 4.5 Constraints on payment choice 4.6 Developing an institutional view of payment choice 5 Empirical analysis: Institutional determinants shaping the POS payment mix 5.1 Two-step modelling approach 5.2 Panel construction and exploration of key data series 5.2.1 Panel data collection and overview of variables 5.2.2 Card usage and cash holding 5.2.3 Payment card diffusion and POS terminal density 5.3 European card schemes and markets 5.3.1 Institutional data collection 5.3.2 Description of European card markets 5.3.3 Overview of institutional data series 5.4 Payment decision 5.4.1 Development of the model and possible extensions 5.4.2 Discussion of the regression results 5.4.3 Diagnostic tests 5.5 Sourcing decision 5.5.1 Diffusion of payment cards 5.5.2 Density of POS terminals 5.5.3 Cash holding and availability at ATMs 5.6 Conclusions: Institutional determinants of payment choice 5.6.1 Linking empirical and theoretical analysis 5.6.2 Route for further research 6 Prospects for an efficient European payment mix 6.1 Objectives for establishing a European payment markets 6.2 SEPA for cards regulatory framework 6.2.1 Regulatory ecosystem 6.2.2 Regulatory framework set by European authorities 6.2.3 Standardization industry initiatives 6.3 Remaining obstacles for an efficient payment mix and outlook Appendix 6.3.1 A–1: Credit- and debit-based payment mechanism 6.3.2 A–2: Multilateral settlement: Access, settlement assets and methods 6.3.3 A–3: Statistical properties of variables 6.3.4 A-4: Unit root tests References