In this case study, policy transfer between municipalities within gender mainstreaming is examined. This thesis wanted to find explanations on why municipalities start with gender mainstreaming and how municipalities learn gender mainstreaming from other municipalities. This study also investigates how much influence the municipal official that are responsible for gender mainstreaming have. Semi structured interviews were conducted with six municipalities and seven respondents and to analyze and interpret the answers the study uses theories about ‘lesson-drawing’, ‘mimicry’ and ’fashion’ as well as policy network. The conclusion of the study is that tendencies to both mimicry and lesson-drawing to why municipalities start with gender mainstreaming. Some municipalities’ answers that their work with gender equality was not satisfying and therefore they started with gender mainstreaming. The other municipalities explained because gender mainstream is in fashion now, they started with it also. To how municipalities learn from each other, the conclusion is that it is only about lessondrawing and the municipalities explained that they have to adjust what they learn in policy networks to their own municipality and not copy their work exactly. Furthermore, municipal officials have a great amount of influence in establishing gender mainstreaming in the municipality. But this influence decreases when gender mainstreaming is established in the municipality.

During recent years, cyber-threats has become an increasing problem in society. Incidents during the previous decade has shown that cyber-attacks can cause severe consequences for states, businesses, and organisations all over the world. There has also been an increase in cyber-crimes like phishing and other types of scams and extortion, which threatens the general public. As a result, information and cyber-security has become a hot topic among technology developers as well as in policy discussions. This paper studies an EU-common policy and a Swedish national policy on cyber-security to find out how cyber-threats are represented as a problem within the EU and in Sweden. The study then applies a theoretical framework of policy transfer to explain how the represented problem has changed in the transfer from European to Swedish context. The study finds that in the transference the scope of the represented problem has widened, both in terms of what is considered a threat as well as in who the policy aims to protect. This study aims to increase the understanding on how governance based on discursive visions, affects the solution a problem receives.