• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 392
  • 276
  • 115
  • 68
  • 49
  • 12
  • 12
  • 12
  • 12
  • 12
  • 12
  • 9
  • 7
  • 4
  • 4
  • Tagged with
  • 1089
  • 199
  • 134
  • 122
  • 116
  • 102
  • 100
  • 96
  • 96
  • 71
  • 71
  • 62
  • 62
  • 60
  • 53
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
141

Using 3D printing for the instruction of petrophysical properties

Dees, Elizabeth Ann 18 November 2014 (has links)
With the recent increase in natural gas production, the demand for college educated petroleum engineers has increased. A greater number of high school graduates are now applying to petroleum engineering degree programs, however, the admission requirements to petroleum engineering schools are becoming increasingly stricter. Secondary educators have a greater challenge to better prepare students to compete for these positions and there is a need to introduce petrophysical concepts to students in the most effective manner. One petrophysical concept is porosity of rock. In this report, background information on rock formation and porosity of rocks is provided along with a brief summary on how 3D printers operate. But primarily, a lesson plan is presented to teach rock porosity in a novel way using 3D printed enlargements of porous rock from x-ray microtomography images of packed sand. The hypothesis was that students will gain greater understanding of petrophysical properties when using 3D prints of rocks. The porosity lesson with a lab using the 3D printed rocks was taught to a treatment group of 20 upcoming 6th graders. A porosity lesson without the use of 3D printed rocks was didactically taught to a control group of 14 additional 6th graders. Because of time limitations, not all of the students from the treatment group were able to experience all elements of the lab. However, every student in the control group received instruction and practice on how to calculate porosity of rock. The treatment group showed greater gain in learning the abstract concept about porosity that rocks of similar structure will have equivalent porosity regardless of grain size. However, the control group indicated greater gain learning the fundamental concepts of the definition of porosity, how to calculate porosity, and at being able to transfer their knowledge of percent porosity to a general problem about percentages. Despite the limited sample size and other sources of error, using 3D printed enlargements of rock was found to enhance students’ abilities to visualize abstract petrophysical properties. However, benefits from didactic instruction of fundamental concepts of petrophysical properties were found as well. / text
142

A study of the filtration of fibre/particle mixtures

Chellappah, Kuhan January 2010 (has links)
This thesis investigates the constant pressure cake filtration of interacting cellulose fibre/TiO2 (rutile) mixtures, and involved experimental studies using an automated pressure filtration apparatus. The influence of suspension composition, filtration pressure and solution environment on filtration has been discussed in relation to cake properties such as average cake porosity and specific resistance. To help interpret the filtration results, sedimentation data were also obtained. The average porosities of filter cakes formed from pure rutile and fibre suspensions in deionised water were approximately 0.6 and 0.75, respectively, and a steady and progressive increase in porosity with fibre fraction was generally observed. With filtrations at 450 kPa, the average specific cake resistances for pure fibre and rutile in deionised water were approximately 9.4x1013 and 4.2x1012 m kg-1 respectively, with the variation of specific resistance with solids composition showing a minimum. Similar trends were observed at other tested filtration pressures with suspensions in deionised water but not with filtrations of suspensions in 0.2 M NaCl and 0.1 M CaCl2 solutions. The minima in average specific cake resistance with solids composition for feeds in deionised water was attributed to rutile-fibre interactions. Abrupt transitions in cake structure were evident part way through some filtrations, and resulted in unexpected filtrate flow behaviour. This is an interesting phenomenon, and not only were the changes in cake structure relatively reproducible, but also the nature of the change could be altered by changes in filtration pressure, solids composition and/or solution environment. The study of fibre/particle binary filtration behaviour, in particular the porosity and specific cake resistance trends, were substantiated by relevant theoretical treatment and modelling analysis. With the porosity trends, an additive porosity concept seemed to represent the data better than interparticle penetration models. With the specific cake resistance trends, a semi-empirical equation was proposed which appeared to represent a wide range of binary mixture filtration data. A mathematical framework was also developed in an attempt to understand the underlying physical mechanisms which led to filter cake restructuring, and possible explanations were postulated.
143

Tissue Engineering Scaffold Fabrication and Processing Techniques to Improve Cellular Infiltration

Grey, Casey 01 January 2014 (has links)
Electrospinning is a technique used to generate scaffolds composed of nano- to micron-sized fibers for use in tissue engineering. This technology possesses several key weaknesses that prevent it from adoption into the clinical treatment regime. One major weakness is the lack of porosity exhibited in most electrospun scaffolds, preventing cellular infiltration and thus hosts tissue integration. Another weakness seen in the field is the inability to physically cut electrospun scaffolds in the frontal plane for subsequent microscopic analysis (current electrospun scaffold analysis is limited to sectioning in the cross-sectional plane). Given this it becomes extremely difficult to associate spatial scaffold dynamics with a specific cellular response. In an effort to address these issues the research presented here will discuss modifications to electrospinning technology, cryosectioning technology, and our understanding of cellular infiltration mechanisms into electrospun scaffolds. Of note, the hypothesis of a potentially significant passive phase of cellular infiltration will be discussed as well as modifications to cell culture protocols aimed at establishing multiple passive infiltration phases during prolonged culture to encourage deep cellular infiltration.
144

Préparation et évaluation de nouveaux catalyseurs recyclables pour la cuisson papetière

Rousseau, Valentina-Mihaela 05 July 2012 (has links)
L’objectif de la thèse est la synthèse et l’optimisation des supports monolithiques et l’évaluation de leur efficacité en cuisson kraft et lors du recyclage (essai des catalyseurs dans un réacteur de capacité 5 kg). Lors de cette thèse, nous avons montré que l’utilisation des monolithes styréniques anthraquinoniques à base de diméthacrylate de diéthylèneglycol et de divinylbenzène en cuisson permettent d’économiser de l’alcali actif consommé et d’augmenter le rendement en pâtes à des indices kappa faibles. Les monolithes à base de diméthacrylate de diéthylèneglycol sont plus efficaces en cuisson que ceux à base de divinylbenzène, avec des gains comparables à l’effet de l’anthraquinone commerciale et gardent leur activité catalytique lors du recyclage. / The objective of the thesis is the synthesis and optimization of monolithic supports and the evaluation of their efficiency in the kraft process and after recycling (test of catalysts inside a 5 kg capacity reactor). In this work, we showed that the presence of monoliths styrene-anthraquinone-diethyleneglycoldimethacrylate or styrene-anthraquionone-divinylbenzene in the kraft process could save up the active alkali consumed and could increase the yield in pulp at low indice kappa. The monoliths styrene-anthraquionone-diethyleneglycoldimethacrylate are more efficiently in cooking process than those containing divinylbenzene. Their performance is closed of that of the commercial anthraquinone and this catalytic activity persists even after recycling.
145

Evolução da microestrutura do hexaluminato de cálcio (CaAl12O19) formado in situ para obtenção de cerâmicas refratárias porosas / Evolution of the microstructure of calcium hexaluminate formed in situ for the obtaining of porous refractory ceramics

Ferreira, Veridiana Lopes 15 December 2015 (has links)
Cerâmicas porosas combinam baixa condutividade térmica com elevada estabilidade química, dimensional e refratariedade. Devido a isso, seu uso como isolante térmico em altas temperaturas (T >1000°C) tem se apresentado como uma importante solução para reduzir o consumo energético. Dentre as diversas matérias primas utilizáveis nessa aplicação, o hexaluminato de cálcio (CaAl12O19 ou CA6) é um novo tipo promissor de refratário leve. Entre suas características mais importantes, destacam-se o alto ponto de fusão (1875°C) e a dificuldade intrínseca para densificar, devido à morfologia dos cristais em forma de placas que permite manutenção da porosidade em altas temperaturas, e por longos tempos. Apesar do grande interesse tecnológico e dos diversos estudos relatando propriedades e aplicações, há poucos trabalhos descrevendo a evolução da microestrutura de estruturas porosas formadas \"in situ\" a partir de fontes de Al2O3 e CaO. Sabendo que essa rota de processamento permite significativa economia de energia e tempo, compreender os mecanismos e variáveis envolvidos torna-se um importante ponto de investigação. Neste trabalho, foram preparadas composições com diferentes proporções de Al2O3 e CaCO3 por meio de prensagem uniaxial. Após tratamento térmico (500-1500°C), as amostras foramcaracterizadas em relação à porosidade total, resistência à ruptura por flexão, módulo elástico, fases numeralógicas formadas, dilatação térmica linear e morfologia. Os principais fatores que afetaram a evolução da microestrutura porosa foram o teor de CaCO3 adicionado ao sistema, o tamanho médio dessas partículas e a temperatura final de tratamento térmico. Para todas as composições com CaCO3, verificou-se que a formação de poros após a decomposição do CaCO3 (650-720°C) não afetou o nível total de porosidade da estrutura. Entre 1300-1400°C ocorreu a formação de fases intermediárias (CaAl2O4 e CaAl4O7) com composição eutética e baixo ponto de fusão ao redor dos poros. Em 1500°C, essas fases líquidas adquiriram a composição do hexaluminato e se cristalizaram, gerando estruturas porosas e com razoável resistência mecânica. / Porous ceramics combine low thermal conductivity with high chemical and dimensional stability and refractoriness. Therefore, their use as insulators at high temperatures (T>1000°C) has emerged as an important solution for the reduction ofenergy consumption. Among the various raw materials to be used for such a purpose, calcium hexaluminate (CaAl12O19 or CA6) is a promising new type of lightweight refractory material. Some ofits most important features include high melting point (1875°C) and intrinsic difficulty to densify due to the morphology of its plate-like crystals that enables the maintenance of porosity at higher temperatures and for longer times. Despite the great technological interest it has drawn and the development of studies on its properties and applications, the literature reports few studies on the evolution of its microstructure formed in situ from Al2O3 and CaO sources. Because this processing route significantly saves energy and time, the mechanisms involved must be understood. This dissertation addresses the preparation of compositions with different proportions of Al2O3 and CaCO3 by uniaxial pressing. After heat treatment (500-1500°C), samples were characterized regarding total porosity, tensile strength by bending, elastic modulus, formed phases, dilatometric analyzis and scanning electron microscopy. The main factors that affected the evolution of the porous microstructure were the CaCO3 content added to the system, average size of the particles and the final temperature of the heat treatment. The formation of pores after the CaCO3 (650-720°C) decomposition did not affect the level of total porosity significantly. The formation of intermediate phases (CaAl2O4 and CaAl4O7) with eutectic composition and low melting point surrounding the pores was observed between 1300-1400°C. At 1500°C, such liquid phases displayed a hexaluminate composition and crystallized, which resulted in porous structures of reasonable strength.
146

Cerâmicas Porosas à Base de Alumina Incorporadas com Biovidro / Porous ceramic based on alumina incorporated with bioglass

Reis, Fábio Henrique de Sousa 16 January 2012 (has links)
Com os avanços tecnológicos ocorridos nas últimas décadas, tornou-se possível às diversas áreas do conhecimento melhorar a qualidade e expectativa de vida da população. Dentre as diversas áreas da Engenharia de Materiais, a de Biomateriais é a que está se destacando, vindo ao encontro das necessidades crescentes de melhorar a qualidade de vida da população. O uso de materiais que possam substituir partes ósseas vem sendo motivo de estudos há muitos anos. Para isto, os materiais têm que possuir propriedades químicas e mecânicas semelhantes às do organismo. Materiais como: cerâmicas, polímeros, metais ou até mesmo combinações entre eles vem sendo utilizados como biomateriais. Uma linha de materiais cerâmicos que se destaca é a de produtos à base de alumina, em função de suas características de biocompatibilidade e excelentes propriedades mecânicas. Na medicina, as próteses assumiram um papel importante, tanto na questão estética quanto na funcional. Os desafios nesta área, no intuito de descobrir novos materiais que possam substituir os existentes com desempenho satisfatório e custos mais acessíveis, tornam-se objetos de pesquisa em todo mundo. Na literatura existem poucos trabalhos que correlacionam bioatividade e propriedades mecânicas de cerâmicas à base de alumina, com relação à área médica. Para contribuir nesta questão, propôs-se um estudo tendo como base a alumina. O trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver cerâmicas a base de alumina porosa, utilizando para isto o hidróxido de alumínio como nucleador de microporos. Resultados obtidos para o material mostram que a porosidade cresce com o aumento da concentração de hidróxido de alumínio na amostra. O preenchimento dos poros da matriz com biovidro tem por objetivo facilitar o processo de osteocondução. A vantagem do processo é a diminuição do tempo de recuperação para o paciente. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a adição de hidróxido de alumínio leva a uma porosidade maior nas amostras. Ensaios realizados verificaram que a concentração máxima de hidróxido é de 20 % em volume, e que concentrações maiores levam os corpos de prova a instabilidade. Os ensaios com o biovidro em forma de gel mostraram-se promissores, devido a facilidade para impregnação nos corpos de prova. Testes de bioatividade in vitro revelaram que o biovidro poderá ser utilizado como material bioativo, revelando um material útil no uso em próteses médicas. / With technological advances in the past decades, it became possible for various areas of knowledge to improve the quality and life expectancy of the population. Among the various areas of Materials Engineering, the Biomaterials is one that is emerging, coming to meet the growing needs to improve the quality of life. The use of materials that can replace bony parts has been subject of study for many years. For this, the materials have to possess chemical and mechanical properties similar to the body. Materials such as ceramics, polymers, metal or even combinations of them have been used as biomaterials. A line of ceramic materials that stands out is that of alumina-based products, due to their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. In medicine, prosthetics played an important role in both aesthetics and functionality. The challenges in this area in order to discover new materials that can replace the existing performance and costs more affordable, they become objects of research worldwide. In the literature there are few studies that correlate bioactivity and mechanical properties of alumina ceramic base with respect to the medical field. To contribute to this issue, a proposed a study based on alumina. The work aims to develop ceramic-based porous alumina, using study has been aluminum hydroxide as nucleator of micropores. Results obtained for the material show that the porosity increases with increasing concentration of aluminum hydroxide in the sample. The filling of pores of the matrix with bioglass aims to facilitate the process of osteoconduction. The advantage of the process is to reduce the recovery time for the patient. The results show that the addition of aluminum hydroxide leads to a higher porosity in the samples. Tests carried out found that the maximum concentration of hydroxide is 20%, and higher concentrations lead to specimens instability. The tests with the bioglass gel have show promising due to ease of impregnation in the specimens. Bioactivity in vitro tests revealed that the bioglass can be used as a bioactive material, revealing a useful material for medical prostheses.
147

Desenvolvimento de implantes dentários por técnicas de metalurgia do pó / Development of the dental implants by powder metallurgy techniques

Bomfim, Pamela Karina dos Santos 08 August 2014 (has links)
O interesse crescente no desenvolvimento de biomateriais com superfície porosa para aplicações dentárias decorre do suporte propicio ao crescimento do tecido ósseo, aumentando a adesão entre o tecido e material, favorecendo a osteointegração. O titânio pode ser considerado um ótimo material para implantes dentários, pela sua excelente biocompatibilidade, elevada resistência à corrosão e combinação de alta resistência com baixa densidade. Contudo, a alta reatividade do metal no estado líquido acaba dificultando a fabricação de implantes por fundição, sendo a metalurgia do pó composta por técnicas que permitem a obtenção de peças em temperaturas menores de processamento (estado sólido) e com módulo elástico próximo ao do tecido ósseo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar amostras porosas obtidas pela Metalurgia do Pó (MP) convencional. Inicialmente o pó de titânio comercialmente puro (Ti-cp) obtido pelo processo de hidretação-dehidretação (HDH), foi compactado em matriz uniaxial e sinterizado a vácuo em duas temperaturas,1100 e 1150°C/1h. As amostras sinterizadas foram caracterizadas quanto à densidade, porosidade, microestrutura ( microscopia óptica - MO e microscopia eletrônica de varredura - MEV), fases cristalinas (difração de raios - X - DRX), propriedades mecânicas (microdureza e ensaio de flexão em três pontos), comportamento eletroquímico (potencial de circuito aberto, espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica e polarização anódica) e o ensaio de imersão foram empregados nas amostras obtidas por (MP) e no titânio fundido. Os resultados indicaram morfologia angular, distribuição granulométrica com média de 45 μm, além de densidade aparente e escoabilidade baixas. Foram obtidas amostras com porosidade de aproximadamente 33% e poros interligados dentro de uma faixa de tamanho de 110 140 μm. As análises por MEV e DRX das amostras sinterizadas indicaram a presença de fase α e poros. As amostras sinterizadas a 1150°C revelaram melhor comportamento mecânico em relação as amsotras sinterizadas a 1100°C. As análises eletroquímicas indicaram a elevada resistência a corrosão do titânio fundido, seguida pela amostra sinterizada 1100°C e finalmente das sinterizadas a 1150°C, quando imersas em solução da saliva artificial. O EDS foi executado para verificar a deposição de elementos na superfície. Testes de citotoxicidade demonstraram que o pó e as amostras sinterizadas não apresentaram qualquer efeito tóxico em culturas celulares. As amostras sinterizadas à 1100°C possuiam grau de porosidade e tamanho de poros que favoreceram o crescimento do tecido ósseo, além do módulo de elasticidade próximo ao tecido ósseo e foram mais resistentes a corrosão na solução simuladora. / The development of materials with a porous surface has been widely studied in the field of biomaterials, because the porous structure allows bone tissue growth, increasing the bonding since the tissue and the material, favoring osteointegration. Given the excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance and combination of high strength with low density, titanium is one of the most suitable materials for dental implants. However, the high reactivity in liquid state ends up hindering their fusion. The technique of powder metallurgy (PM) is an alternative for cost reduction, allowing to obtain superior samples at lower temperatures, closer to the bone tissue in terms of elastic modulus. The objective of this study was to evaluate porous samples obtained by conventional PM. Initially the powder of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) was obtained by hydridedehydride (HDH) process, followed by uniaxial pressing and vacuum sintering at 1100 and 1150 °C/1h. The sintered samples were characterized - density, porosity, microstructure (SEM), crystalline phases (XRD), mechanical properties (microhardness and three point bending test), electrochemical behavior (open circuit potential, anodic polarization and electrochemical spectroscopy impedance and immersion essay) applied in porous samples and cast titanim The results indicated angular particle morphology, 45 μm average particle size distribution, low apparent density and flowability. The different processing temperatures enabled to obtain samples with approximately 33 % interconnected porosity and average pore size in 110-140μm range. SEM and XRD analysis of the sintered samples revealed the presence of α phase and pores. Samples sintered at 1150°C showed superior mechanical behavior. Electrochemical analysis (in artificial saliva solution) indicated higher corrosion resistance of cast titanium compared to porous samples . Cytotoxicity tests proved that the powder and sintered samples has no toxic effects on cell cultures. Samples sintered at 1100 °C excels in bone growth stimulation, elasticity modulus and corrosion resistance, due to superior porosity and pore size range properties, creating a material analogous to the bone.
148

Inclusão e remoção térmica de NaCl, Kl e grafite para obtenção de cerâmicas porosas de zircônia estabilizada com ítria / Inclusion and thermal removal of NaCl, KI and graphite for preparing porous yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics: electrical and microstructural characterization

Carvalho, Sabrina Gonçalves de Macedo 11 October 2013 (has links)
Cerâmicas de zircônia estabilizada com ítria são utilizadas na forma densa como eletrólito e na forma porosa como ânodo em células a combustível de óxido sólido. Neste trabalho cerâmicas porosas de zircônia estabilizada com 8 mol% de ítria foram preparadas por meio da adição de diferentes teores de KI, NaCl e grafite como aditivo sacrificial. A remoção térmica do aditivo foi avaliada por meio de análises termogravimétrica, térmica diferencial e dilatométrica. As amostras foram preparadas por meio de mistura, compactação e sinterização a 1400 ºC/2 h. As amostras foram caracterizadas por difração de raios X(DRX) e análise topográfica em microscópio de varredura por sonda e microscópio eletrônico de varredura de superfícies polidas e atacadas para avaliação da distribuição do teor de poros e tamanho médio de grãos. O teor do aditivo residual foi avaliado por fluorescência de raios X (FRX). O comportamento elétrico foi analisado por espectroscopia de impedância (EI) na faixa de frequências 5 Hz-10 MHz entre 300 ºC e 450 ºC. Os resultados de FRX mostram que não há resíduo do aditivo após sinterização. A análise de DRX indica que todas as amostras têm fase única, cúbica tipo fluorita. Os diagramas de impedância mostram que há aumento i) das resistividades elétricas intergranular e intragranular, evidenciando a formação de poros em ambas as regiões, ii) do ângulo de descentralização do semicírculo a baixas frequências, devido ao aumento do grau de heterogeneidade pela presença de poros, e iii) do produto do fator de bloqueio R pelo fator de frequência f, consequência do aumento do teor de poros. Esses resultados estão em concordância com os resultados das análises de microscopia de varredura por sonda e de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. / Dense and porous yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics are used as electrolytes and anodes, respectively, in solid oxide fuel cells. Porous ZrO2: 8 mol% Y2O3 (8YSZ) were prepared by using NaCl, KI and graphite as sacrificial additives. The thermal removal of the additives was evaluated by thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and dilatometry. The samples were prepared by thoroughly mixing 8YSZ to the additives, pressing and sintering at 1400 ºC/2 h. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by observation of polished and etched surfaces in scanning probe microscope (SPM) and scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM) to evaluate pore content. The evaluation of the NaCl and KI content was carried out by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The electrical behavior was analyzed by impedance spectroscopy (IS) in the 5 Hz-10 MHz frequency range from 300 ºC to 450 ºC. The XRF results show no remaining KI or NaCl in the sintered samples. The XRD patterns show all samples are single cubic fluorite phase. The IS plots show that there is an increase i) of the intergranular and the intragranular electrical resistivity, an indication of bulk and grain boundary pore formation, ii) of the decentralization angle of the grain boundary semicircle in the impedance plots due to increasing heterogeneity of the samples, and iii) of the product of the blocking factor R to the frequency factor f, as a consequence of the increase in pore content. These results are in agreement with the SPM and SEM observations.
149

Cerâmicas Porosas à Base de Alumina Incorporadas com Biovidro / Porous ceramic based on alumina incorporated with bioglass

Fábio Henrique de Sousa Reis 16 January 2012 (has links)
Com os avanços tecnológicos ocorridos nas últimas décadas, tornou-se possível às diversas áreas do conhecimento melhorar a qualidade e expectativa de vida da população. Dentre as diversas áreas da Engenharia de Materiais, a de Biomateriais é a que está se destacando, vindo ao encontro das necessidades crescentes de melhorar a qualidade de vida da população. O uso de materiais que possam substituir partes ósseas vem sendo motivo de estudos há muitos anos. Para isto, os materiais têm que possuir propriedades químicas e mecânicas semelhantes às do organismo. Materiais como: cerâmicas, polímeros, metais ou até mesmo combinações entre eles vem sendo utilizados como biomateriais. Uma linha de materiais cerâmicos que se destaca é a de produtos à base de alumina, em função de suas características de biocompatibilidade e excelentes propriedades mecânicas. Na medicina, as próteses assumiram um papel importante, tanto na questão estética quanto na funcional. Os desafios nesta área, no intuito de descobrir novos materiais que possam substituir os existentes com desempenho satisfatório e custos mais acessíveis, tornam-se objetos de pesquisa em todo mundo. Na literatura existem poucos trabalhos que correlacionam bioatividade e propriedades mecânicas de cerâmicas à base de alumina, com relação à área médica. Para contribuir nesta questão, propôs-se um estudo tendo como base a alumina. O trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver cerâmicas a base de alumina porosa, utilizando para isto o hidróxido de alumínio como nucleador de microporos. Resultados obtidos para o material mostram que a porosidade cresce com o aumento da concentração de hidróxido de alumínio na amostra. O preenchimento dos poros da matriz com biovidro tem por objetivo facilitar o processo de osteocondução. A vantagem do processo é a diminuição do tempo de recuperação para o paciente. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a adição de hidróxido de alumínio leva a uma porosidade maior nas amostras. Ensaios realizados verificaram que a concentração máxima de hidróxido é de 20 % em volume, e que concentrações maiores levam os corpos de prova a instabilidade. Os ensaios com o biovidro em forma de gel mostraram-se promissores, devido a facilidade para impregnação nos corpos de prova. Testes de bioatividade in vitro revelaram que o biovidro poderá ser utilizado como material bioativo, revelando um material útil no uso em próteses médicas. / With technological advances in the past decades, it became possible for various areas of knowledge to improve the quality and life expectancy of the population. Among the various areas of Materials Engineering, the Biomaterials is one that is emerging, coming to meet the growing needs to improve the quality of life. The use of materials that can replace bony parts has been subject of study for many years. For this, the materials have to possess chemical and mechanical properties similar to the body. Materials such as ceramics, polymers, metal or even combinations of them have been used as biomaterials. A line of ceramic materials that stands out is that of alumina-based products, due to their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. In medicine, prosthetics played an important role in both aesthetics and functionality. The challenges in this area in order to discover new materials that can replace the existing performance and costs more affordable, they become objects of research worldwide. In the literature there are few studies that correlate bioactivity and mechanical properties of alumina ceramic base with respect to the medical field. To contribute to this issue, a proposed a study based on alumina. The work aims to develop ceramic-based porous alumina, using study has been aluminum hydroxide as nucleator of micropores. Results obtained for the material show that the porosity increases with increasing concentration of aluminum hydroxide in the sample. The filling of pores of the matrix with bioglass aims to facilitate the process of osteoconduction. The advantage of the process is to reduce the recovery time for the patient. The results show that the addition of aluminum hydroxide leads to a higher porosity in the samples. Tests carried out found that the maximum concentration of hydroxide is 20%, and higher concentrations lead to specimens instability. The tests with the bioglass gel have show promising due to ease of impregnation in the specimens. Bioactivity in vitro tests revealed that the bioglass can be used as a bioactive material, revealing a useful material for medical prostheses.
150

The role of Schlemm's canal in aqueous outflow from the human eye

Johnson, Mark January 1981 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 68-69. / by Mark Johnson. / M.S.

Page generated in 0.0501 seconds