Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, May, 2009. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Digital communication produces millions of emails, text messages, movies, images, and much more every day. As with all historical records, digital records are important to preserve because they allow us to study the past. There are, however, several challenges regarding their preservation. Unlike many of their analogue counterparts, digital records rely on a combination of hardware and software to be accessible, but hardware and software eventually degrade and become obsolete. This makes digital records inaccessible because the means to render them are no longer available. In addition to these technological challenges, there are issues surrounding appraisal, copyright, significant properties, and metadata. This thesis studies the challenges of digital preservation and what is being done to address them. I begin by introducing the challenges surrounding this topic and the methods of preservation that are currently available to archivists. I then analyse leading digital preservation standards such as the Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS) and Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies (PREMIS) as well as digital preservation systems including Archivematica and Preservica. I also conduct a case study of Archivematica to analyse how well it manages the challenges of digital preservation. I conclude by explaining that there are no perfect solutions to digital preservation problems. The best that can currently be done is to manage the issues rather than solve them. / February 2017

Digital preservation is a significant challenge for cultural heritage institutions and other repositories of digital information resources. Recognizing the critical role of metadata in any successful digital preservation strategy, the Preservation Metadata Implementation Strategies (PREMIS) has been extremely influential on providing a "core" set of preservation metadata elements that support the digital preservation process. However, there is no evidence, in the form of previous research, as to what factors explain and predict the level of adoption of PREMIS. This research focused on identifying factors that affect the adoption of PREMIS in cultural heritage institutions. This study employed a web-based survey to collect data from 123 participants in 20 country as well as a semi-structured, follow-up telephone interview with a smaller sample of the survey respondents. Roger's diffusion of innovation theory was used as a theoretical framework. The main constructs considered for the study were relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, observability, and institution readiness. The study yielded both qualitative and quantitative data, and analysis showed that all six factors influence the adoption of PREMIS in varying degrees. Results of a regression analysis of adoption level on the six factors showed a statistically significant relationship. The R2 value for the model was .528, which means that 52.8% of the variance in PREMIS adoption was explained by a combination of the six factors. Considering the complexity of issue, this study has important implications for future research on preservation metadata and provides recommendations for researchers and stakeholders engaged in metadata standards development efforts.

近年來，資訊科技的進步，改變了人類溝通的方式、知識的管理和傳承、資訊的散播和儲存，對人類社會產生革命性的影響。檔案館開始面對大量的電子文書，並將原有的珍貴館藏轉換為數位物件典藏。然而，看似穩當的數位典藏方式，即使建立了適當的儲存環境，做好各種安全控管，未必能保證數位物件可供長期使用。為了長久保存數位物件並提供使用，除了轉存、轉置、技術模擬等廣受認同的保存方法外，還需要保存後設資料的配合，國際間已有許多相關研究。本研究以RLG、NLA、Cedars、NEDLIB四發展機構所提出的保存後設資料項目為比較對象，得出核心項目，再配合中研院近史所檔案館的需求，建置適用的保存後設資料項目。 經過比較發現，RLG、NLA、Cedars、NEDLIB所提出的保存後設資料項目，因為定位及應用目的不同，在規模、項目及描述層次上有差異，但描述重點仍有某種程度的共識。其中，NLA詳細記載歷次更動相關事項，並針對不同型態數位檔訂立不同的描述項目的做法，值得參考。 考量需求與館藏數位檔特性，中研院近史所檔案館保存後設資料項目雖以四種保存後設資料核心項目為基礎，在建置時仍做了部分修正與更動。(1) 保存後設資料的功能以協助保存決策制定及執行為主，不考慮提供使用的部分，也儘量不與原有後設資料重複；(2) 描述層級訂在系列層級；(3) 更動史項目，綜合NLA及Cedars之優點。限於系統功能限制，保存後設資料仍無法自動產生，也暫時不與數位檔及原有後設資料連結。 根據研究結果，對近史所檔案館及其他典藏機構提出下列建議：(1)制定數位保存政策及計畫；(2) 測試保存方法及保存後設資料項目；(3)留意相關科技及標準的發展趨勢；(4) 保存後設資料應儘量以自動、同步方式產生；(5) 明確定義描述規範。此外，對於數位保存後設資料及保存方法應再深入了解，並尋求跨領域合作機會。

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-16T12:52:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDF.pdf: 3395824 bytes, checksum: f7b6d6e9d68f035d109bf35738313c29 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-16T19:45:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDF.pdf: 3395824 bytes, checksum: f7b6d6e9d68f035d109bf35738313c29 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-16T19:45:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDF.pdf: 3395824 bytes, checksum: f7b6d6e9d68f035d109bf35738313c29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T19:45:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissDF.pdf: 3395824 bytes, checksum: f7b6d6e9d68f035d109bf35738313c29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-27 / Não recebi financiamento / With the significant increase in the production and acquisition of digital content, initiatives for the recovery and long-term data preservation are being created and studied in the light of changes in technological storage and access to information resources. In this context, the aim of the research was to verify to what extent standards or metadata schemas for digital preservation have been discussed by the field of Information Science and related fields (Archival Science, Library Science, Museology etc.), pointing out how these schemas could meet the structuring demands of institutional repositories more adequately for the preservation of digital documents. In terms of method, an exploratory study, based on bibliographic and documentary research relating to standards or metadata schemes used in the scope of digital preservation, was conducted. A comparative analysis of standards or metadata schemes identified in the literature was carried out, based on core metadata elements considered for digital preservation. Regarding the results, a theoretical technical framework is presented, that seeks to systematize standards or metadata schemes applicable to digital preservation, such as DC, MODS, EAD, ANSI/NISO Z39.87 or MIX, METS and PREMIS and at the same time, that may be relevant for modeling digital institutional repositories. It was found that the guarantee of long-term digital preservation will only be possible with the effective implementation of standards and metadata schemas, because it is they that define the description, representation, consistency and persistence of the digital object/resource in the information environment, as well as determining interoperability between systems. There is no way to say which of the existing metadata schema fully ensures digital preservation but that it is indeed possible to have different standards working together in order to complement the effective registration of the information required in managing preservation and usable access over time of digital objects/resources. / Com o expressivo aumento na produção e aquisição de conteúdos digitais, ações de recuperação e de preservação de dados a longo prazo estão sendo criadas e estudadas defronte às mudanças tecnológicas de armazenamento e de acesso aos recursos informacionais. Nesse contexto, objetiva-se verificar em que medida padrões ou esquemas de metadados no âmbito da preservação digital têm sido discutidos pelo campo da Ciência da Informação e áreas afins (Arquivologia, Biblioteconomia, Museologia etc.), apontando de que maneira estes esquemas poderiam atender as demandas de estruturação de repositórios institucionais de maneira mais adequada para a preservação de documentos digitais. Como metodologia destaca-se a realização de um estudo exploratório, pautado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental referente aos padrões ou esquemas de metadados utilizados no escopo da preservação digital. Aplicou-se a análise comparativa dos padrões ou esquemas de metadados identificados na literatura, baseada em elementos de metadados considerados essenciais para a preservação digital. Como resultado apresenta-se um quadro referencial teórico, técnico e sistematizado de padrões ou esquemas de metadados aplicáveis à preservação digital, tais como DC, MODS, EAD, ANSI/NISO Z39.87 ou MIX, METS e PREMIS e, ao mesmo tempo, que podem ser relevantes para a modelagem de repositórios institucionais digitais. Constatou-se que a garantia de preservação digital a longo prazo só será possível com a adoção efetiva de padrões ou esquemas de metadados, pois são eles que definirão a descrição, a representação, a consistência e a persistência do recurso/objeto digital no ambiente informacional, além de determinar a interoperabilidade entre sistemas. Não há como afirmar qual é o único esquema de metadados existente que assegure totalmente a preservação digital e, sim, que diferentes padrões podem trabalhar juntos, de modo a se auto complementarem para o registro eficaz das informações requeridas na gestão da preservação e do acesso utilizável ao longo do tempo de objetos/recursos digitais.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T11:50:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 corbo2013.pdf: 1101255 bytes, checksum: 46d44e0f6197bdca5ff9bc9aaa56ad61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-11 / Presents a study on institutional repository dedicated to the issues concerning the preservation and access to digital documents. Reveals the emergence of institutional repositories in the world movement in favour of open access to scientific information as a tool for strategic technology management, storage, dissemination, preservation and access to the intellectual output of educational institutions and research and its scientific communities. Specifically highlights the Pedro II College which is a traditional public education institution throughout its history of 175 years of existence has produced historical documents which refer to the teaching activities and the daily life of the school administration and depict the history of Brazilian education. The institution maintains important collections and at all times increases the production of research papers that must be preserved, made available and have guaranteed access in the future. In this way, has been investing resources and developing projects for the preservation of institutional memory. The research pointed out the institutional repositories as a feasible way to make free access to the intellectual production of educational institutions, increase the visibility of research works and ensure the preservation of digital documents / Apresenta um estudo sobre repositório institucional voltado às questões concernentes a preservação e acesso a documentos digitais. Revela o surgimento dos repositórios institucionais no âmbito do movimento mundial em favor do acesso livre à informação científica como uma ferramenta tecnológica estratégica para gestão, armazenamento, disseminação, preservação e acesso à produção intelectual das instituições de ensino e pesquisa e de suas comunidades científicas. Destaca, especificamente, o Colégio Pedro II, uma instituição tradicional de ensino público que ao longo de sua trajetória de 175 anos de existência produziu documentos históricos que remetem às atividades de ensino e ao cotidiano da administração escolar e retratam a história da educação brasileira. A instituição mantém ainda acervos importantes e a todo o momento aumenta a produção de trabalhos de pesquisa que devem ser preservados, disponibilizados e ter o acesso garantido no futuro. Desta forma, vem investindo recursos e desenvolvendo projetos para a preservação da memória institucional. A investigação apontou os repositórios institucionais como forma viável para tornar livre o acesso à produção intelectual das instituições de ensino, ampliar a visibilidade dos trabalhos de pesquisa e garantir a preservação dos documentos digitais