This paper explores the preservation and presentation of small town historic identity. The current discussions and dialogue of scholars, theorists and critics of preservation efforts uncover preservation's presence and effect on today and tomorrow's world. Contemporary development patterns have led to an increasing amount of cities and towns across the United States to adopt preservation policies to maintain their historical identity and character. The preservation movement's acceptance and its increase in scope have also facilitated the integration of its values in planning policies. The successful history of the preservation movement in America is reviewed, along with its present-day use as a cultural and economic revitalization tool. Government and non-profit agencies at the national and state level have facilitated the widespread use of preservation policies with small towns in Virginia. Preservation policy objectives may include: heritage tourism, community revitalization, preservation and heritage education, economic development, and affordable housing. A diverse set of motivations is found in the psychological benefits of maintaining history. Preserving historic structures may contribute to one's sense of place, nostalgia, collective memory and historical identity. The preservation of old buildings and environments is used to serve a variety of town agendas. These motives, other than historical, are the focus of the critical literature on preservation efforts. Power, representation, consumerism, and authenticy are common criticisms of historic preservation practice that threaten the historic integrity of the town. These issues form a framework to analyze local preservation practice of small Virginia towns and provide towns with a means to evaluate their preservation policies or programs. This paper provides small towns with information to maintain their historic identity without threatening future vitality and authenticity of the built environment. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

Land use regulations are typically established as a response to development activity. For effective growth management and habitat preservation, the opposite should occur. This study considers tree preservation ordinances of the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area as a means of evaluating development regulation in a metropolitan context. It documents the impact urban cores have on regulations and policies throughout their region, demonstrating that the same urban-rural gradient used to describe physical components of our metropolitan areas also holds true in terms of policy formation. Although sophistication of land use regulation generally dissipates as one moves away from an urban core, native habitat is more pristine at the outer edges. To more effectively protect native habitat, regional preservation measures are recommended.

America's National Historic Preservation Act promotes the conservation of irreplaceable sites such as Nicodemus, Kansas, an African American town founded by former slaves in 1877. The collaboration of the National Park Service (NPS) and civic partners is essential to meet the goal of preserving historic properties in Nicodemus and other minority communities. Although the NPS designated 5 Nicodemus buildings as a National Historic Site (NHS) in 1996, the few remaining residents struggle to preserve the site and attract visitors. The purpose of this ethnographic study was to explore the effects of NPS policies related to African American historic and cultural preservation. Research questions focused on the consequences of the NHS designation in Nicodemus and options for NPS policy improvement. This study was inspired by Innes and Booher's theory of complex adaptive systems and consensus building. Data were collected through interviews with 11 residents, educators, and representatives of the NPS. These data were inductively coded and then subjected to thematic analysis. Key findings indicate concerns about limited resources, NPS open competition hiring policies that do not promote the long-term employment of Nicodemus descendant-residents in spite of their ability to recount oral histories, a need for cross-cultural training in the NPS, and the inadequate promotion of the Nicodemus NHS. This study may lead to positive social change by emphasizing the need for the NPS to collaborate with the descendants and long-term residents of rural communities to preserve the historical legacy of African Americans and emphasize the strength of our nation's diversity.

在臺灣如國史館、國史館臺灣文獻館、中央研究院臺灣史研究所檔案館等機構收藏了非常多珍貴的歷史檔案。這些機構不一定名為檔案館，但典藏許多有價值的檔案，具檔案館之實，因此皆屬於「檔案典藏機構」，且有相當的重要性。 為讓文獻傳遞正確真實的資訊、方便使用者查閱、使用，需提供適當的典藏環境與合適的保存、維護措施。正如檔案館的徵集、編排需制定政策、規範、流程作為行政指引，檔案館藏的保存維護也需要館藏維護政策（Preservation Policy）輔助實行。 本研究透過文獻探討、內容分析了解國內外重要檔案典藏機構的館藏維護政策，提出建議的館藏維護政策綱要，再訪談國內檔案典藏機構人員目前保存維護措施執行的困難、對館藏維護政策功能、是否需要制定等問題的看法。 研究結果顯示臺灣目前尚無機構訂有此政策，相關規範散布於細項法規，但受訪者普遍認可館藏維護政策的正面效益與功能，以及現在機構存在例如專業人力不足、相關規範面向偏狹等問題。 本研究建議機構由自我評估著手，了解機構需求，嘗試制定長期保存維護計畫，再逐漸往制定政策的目標邁進，並對內、外推廣保存維護概念，提升人員對此議題的重視與瞭解。 / There are many institutions in Taiwan like Academia Historica, Taiwan Historica, National Palace Museum, and they reposit many valuable historical archives. Though their name may not called “the Archive”, but they actually have lots of precious archives. Therefore, they all belong to “Archives Repository” and quite important. For the correction of information in archives, and the convenience of search and use, archives repositories have to provide applicable storage environment, preservation and conservation measures for archives. As the acquisition and arrangement of the Archive need to establish policy, standard or procedures as administrative guides, the preservation measures for the historical archives also need a “Preservation Policy” to assist with it. By document analysis and content analysis, this study attempted to comprehend the preservation policies’ content of archives repositories in Taiwan and overseas and then adressed an advised preservation policy schema. Lastly, interviewed with employees in archives repositories discussing the difficulties of implementing preservation measures, the effects and demand of preservation policy, and so forth. The search result shows that there are no archives repositories having this kind of policy in Taiwan. The related directions disperse in diverse legislations and standards. But interviewees generally approved the positive benefits of preservation policy. And they also acknowledged management problems existing in organization such as insufficient professional manpower and related legislations. Based on the findings, this study proposes some suggestions that advices these institutions start from self-survey to assessing preservation needs. In addition, archives repositories can promote the significance of preservation issue, as to raise the conscious about it. Keywords: Preservation Policy, Archives Repository, Policy, Preservation, Conservation

國內過往對於古蹟的保存手法，造成古蹟去生命化的後果，原因除了其忽視再利用面向之經營規劃外，純粹性的觀光政策也簡化了古蹟的社會文化功能。故 「再利用」一詞，於近幾年問被各界提出與熱烈討論，試圖去轉變「古蹟」的消極功能。但事實上，現今國內古蹟保存政策法令，在支援「再利用」此概念時，仍有不足之處。《文化資產保存法》自民國七十一年公佈施行以來，歷經四次之增訂修正，對古蹟保存之發展提供改善的空間。然而對於再利用工作，始終未能有突破性的規範，導致古蹟保存工作就在體制不全的情況下，未能積極發揮其角色所蘊含的意義。緣此，本研究旨在分析自四○年代以來，國內古蹟保存政策之歷程，隨著社經環境的變遷，瞭解現階段古蹟保存政策法令與經營管理上之不足，並擬議古蹟保存再利用之整體配套策略，提供當前古蹟保存政策之參考。 首先，本研究藉由整理分析文獻資料與論述古蹟再利用之意義，進而依據時間序列，探討各階段之古蹟保存政策重點；並分別就行政、立法與社會結構面向，說明古蹟保存的當前困境。此外，藉由問卷調查方式，以釐清再利用機制應參酌的相關面向；並輔以個案調查訪談，以瞭解現行古蹟保存再利用工作之執行情形，作為研訂古蹟保存再利用策略之參考。最後，規劃古蹟保存再利用策略機制，確認古蹟保存再利用之目標，並建立再利用階段性策略，以對國內古蹟保存困境提出改善之道。 本研究結果在現況課題解決方面，建議釐清再利用之定義、建立行政資源統籌部會與修正私有古蹟委託管理相關條文規定；在問卷調查與個案研究方面，發現私有古蹟衝突有待化解、保存誘因不足、欠缺公開透明的再利用經營管理審查機制與經營管理方式欠缺監督與彈性化之問題；另於再利用機制之配套法令方面，建議應提高再利用計畫之執行位階、釐清再利用、修復工程計畫與經營管理工作三者間的關係，並且規範管理再利用收益事項。本研究參酌問卷調查結果，研擬再利用策略之執行機制，在參與主體對象上，建議古蹟所有權人、政府機關與非營利組織之投入；在推動方式方面，建議以社區總體營造、公私合作與商圈再造方式進行；於再利用階段性策略上，共分為三階段：前置基礎階段建議進行古蹟調查研究，以建立完整的歷史資料庫；第二階段強調再利用計畫與修復工程建設的平行協調；第三階段進行古蹟經營管理維護計畫，建構古蹟經營管理機制。期以上述之建議與策略機制，對國內古蹟保存工作有所助益。 關鍵字：古蹟保存政策、再利用、古蹟經營管理、文化資產保存法 / As for the historical preservation in Taiwan, we overlook the fact that preservation is to "reuse" a historical monument by management and planning, and the tourism policy only focused on "one dimension@Tourism", which simplified the social and cultural functions of historical monuments. As a result, we fail to revitalize our historical monuments. The catchphrase "reuse", in an attempt to transform the passive function of historical monuments, has been the center of attention among communities in recent years. However, the laws regulating the protection of historical monuments are not fully supportive to the concept of "reuse". "Cultural Assets Protection Law" enacted in 1982, had undergone four revisions due to the need to improve the development of historical preservation. Even so, we hardly see any breakthrough of the laws for the works of "reuse". The current legal system fails to take an active role in terms of historical preservation. Concerning this, the thesis aims to analyze the development of historical preservation policies since 1951. With the changes of social and economic environments, we need to understand the insufficient respects of policies or regulations in terms of management in the current stage, and propose a set of compatible strategies as a reference to the policies of historical preservation. At the first stage, the thesis is to compile and analyze existing documents looking for the significance of reusing historical monuments. Furthermore, in a chronological order, it studies the measures and policies of historical preservation in different stages in order to draw a picture of the difficulties that have been encountered in administrative, legislative and, social structural levels. In addition, the supplement of questionnaires is to clarify different perspectives that should be considered in terms of "reuse". Also, this study provides with individual interviews of the execution of "reuse" mechanism, to further understand the current situation and to offer reference to the policy makers. In the end, the thesis offers a framework to achieve the "reuse" mechanism and to confirm the goals of both preservation and reuse. With the establishment of reuse policies in different stages, the thesis offers a solution to improve the current difficult situations. As to the solution of existing problems, the thesis suggests that we clarify the definition of "reuse", establish a department for the administrative management, and revise the articles as well as clauses regarding private historical monuments. From the questionnaires and case studies, we find problems like the conflicts of private historical monuments, the lack of incentive for preservation, the absence of a transparent mechanism for examining reuse management, the absence of the inflexibility and the supervision over the management. As to the laws related to reuse mechanism, we suggest to raise the priority of implementing reuse projects, clarify the relationship among reuse, monument-repair projects, and administrative works, as well as regulate and manage the profits from reuse projects. Based on the result of the questionnaires to frame the implementation mechanism of the reuse strategies, we suggest participation of reuse by the owner, government and the NPOs, and community empowerment, public-private partnership and commercial region reconstruction to set into action. There are three stages on reuse strategies. First, we recommend monuments investigation and studies to establish the complete database; second, strengthening the parallel relationship of reuse projects and monument-repair projects; third, executing monument management project and construct its mechanism Based on above strategies, we believe historical preservation would benefit. Keywords : Historical Preservation Policy Reuse Historical Monument Management Cultural Assets Protection Law

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T11:50:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 corbo2013.pdf: 1101255 bytes, checksum: 46d44e0f6197bdca5ff9bc9aaa56ad61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-11 / Presents a study on institutional repository dedicated to the issues concerning the preservation and access to digital documents. Reveals the emergence of institutional repositories in the world movement in favour of open access to scientific information as a tool for strategic technology management, storage, dissemination, preservation and access to the intellectual output of educational institutions and research and its scientific communities. Specifically highlights the Pedro II College which is a traditional public education institution throughout its history of 175 years of existence has produced historical documents which refer to the teaching activities and the daily life of the school administration and depict the history of Brazilian education. The institution maintains important collections and at all times increases the production of research papers that must be preserved, made available and have guaranteed access in the future. In this way, has been investing resources and developing projects for the preservation of institutional memory. The research pointed out the institutional repositories as a feasible way to make free access to the intellectual production of educational institutions, increase the visibility of research works and ensure the preservation of digital documents / Apresenta um estudo sobre repositório institucional voltado às questões concernentes a preservação e acesso a documentos digitais. Revela o surgimento dos repositórios institucionais no âmbito do movimento mundial em favor do acesso livre à informação científica como uma ferramenta tecnológica estratégica para gestão, armazenamento, disseminação, preservação e acesso à produção intelectual das instituições de ensino e pesquisa e de suas comunidades científicas. Destaca, especificamente, o Colégio Pedro II, uma instituição tradicional de ensino público que ao longo de sua trajetória de 175 anos de existência produziu documentos históricos que remetem às atividades de ensino e ao cotidiano da administração escolar e retratam a história da educação brasileira. A instituição mantém ainda acervos importantes e a todo o momento aumenta a produção de trabalhos de pesquisa que devem ser preservados, disponibilizados e ter o acesso garantido no futuro. Desta forma, vem investindo recursos e desenvolvendo projetos para a preservação da memória institucional. A investigação apontou os repositórios institucionais como forma viável para tornar livre o acesso à produção intelectual das instituições de ensino, ampliar a visibilidade dos trabalhos de pesquisa e garantir a preservação dos documentos digitais

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2016-07-26T17:41:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) PriscillaDissertaçãoFinal01.pdf: 7022366 bytes, checksum: b213e5571c0b525690f16fee628b4b8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-26T17:41:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) PriscillaDissertaçãoFinal01.pdf: 7022366 bytes, checksum: b213e5571c0b525690f16fee628b4b8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-10 / Aborda sobre a preservação digital dos periódicos científicos eletrônicos em Ciência da Informação publicados no Brasil. Ressaltam-se primeiramente, conceituações e características relacionadas aos periódicos científicos eletrônicos e aos objetos digitais, além de elementos procedimentais e práticas envolvidas no âmbito da preservação digital de periódicos eletrônicos, conforme a literatura especializada. Foram identificadas também as ações das iniciativas internacionais e brasileiras de preservação digital de periódicos eletrônicos, entre elas, a Rede Cariniana, pioneira iniciativa coletiva brasileira de preservação digital. Em seguida, são analisados os resultados do questionário aplicado aos periódicos selecionados para esta pesquisa, bem como a observação nos sites The Keepers e da Rede Cariniana para complementar a pesquisa empírica inerente à preservação digital desses periódicos. Com base nesse aporte teórico e analítico foi possível apresentar o panorama das práticas de preservação digital dos periódicos científicos eletrônicos brasileiros em Ciência da Informação, enfatizando a importância das ações de preservação digital para assegurar o armazenamento adequado, a usabilidade e o acesso a longo prazo desses objetos digitais. / Discusses about the digital preservation of electronic journals in Information Science published in Brazil. Emphasizes first, concepts and functions related to electronic journals and digital objects, as well as procedural elements and practices involved in the framework of digital preservation of electronic journal, according to the specialized literature. International and Brazilian initiatives actions were also identified, among them, Cariniana Network, a pioneering Brazilian collective initiative of digital preservation. Then, analyzes the results of the questionnaire applied to the selected journals for this research and observation in sites The Keepers and Cariniana Network to complement the empirical research inherent in digital preservation of these journals. Based on this theoretical and analytical contribution it was possible to present an overview of digital preservation practices of Brazilian electronic journals in information science, emphasizing the importance of digital preservation actions to ensure proper storage, usability and long-term access to these digital objects.