International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / More and more companies and organizations are recognizing the benefits to be gained by achieving ISO 9000 registration. An effort is underway at JPL to become ISO 9001 registered. To facilitate this activity, the entire laboratory has been divided into processes, each one having a designated process owner. This paper concentrates more specifically on one of these processes, namely, the Packaging and Fabrication of Electronic Hardware (PAFEH), and the effort being undertaken to ensure that this process will successfully pass registration. A comprehensive approach is being utilized by the Electronic Packaging and Fabrication Section to bring this about.

A temática da pedofilia é complexa, polêmica e emergente. A pedofilia, no entanto, não implica necessariamente no cometimento de atos abusivos contra as crianças, sendo possível que as fantasias sexuais do pedófilo jamais saiam de sua mente. Por outro lado, caso referido distúrbio sexual ultrapasse os limites do imaginário do indivíduo que dele é portador, estará configurado o abuso sexual infantil. Relevante observar que não apenas o indivíduo portador de pedofilia pratica atos que caracterizam abuso sexual infantil, mas também os denominados abusadores oportunistas ou ocasionais. Na relação pedófilo-criança, a opção pelo estudo da criança neste trabalho justifica-se, sobretudo, porque é ela quem ocupa a posição de vítima e, como tal, não se duvida que seus prejuízos sejam maiores em decorrência dos atos abusivos praticados. De fato, relevante assumir um olhar benevolente para aquela que, subjugada pelo abuso, necessita, de alguma forma, encontrar amparo que a possa resgatar dessa situação. Menciona-se, nesta dissertação, que historicamente as crianças sempre foram vítimas de atos de violência e que a temática do abuso sexual infantil compreende outras noções igualmente polêmicas, dentre as quais se podem destacar a sexualidade infantil e o incesto. Nesse passo, é dito que a existência de uma sexualidade infantil saudável constitui aspecto relevante para o pleno desenvolvimento da criança. Demonstra-se que o abuso sexual infantil tem a peculiaridade de se revestir da característica do segredo, ou seja, de um silêncio que encobre as práticas abusivas perpetradas contra a criança, de forma que fica garantida a perpetuação do abuso ao longo do tempo, sendo notável a cifra negra relativamente a essas práticas. Com relação ao estudo do abuso sexual infantil praticado por portadores de pedofilia, justifica-se o enfoque em virtude das circunstâncias de sedução e engodo que envolvem a atuação pedofílica e que potencializam o trauma vivenciado pela vítima. Nesse contexto, retrospectivamente ao abuso, verifica-se a existência de fatores de risco para sua ocorrência, bem como se mencionam teorias sobre a vítima. Ressalta-se que a criança e o abusador ocupam posições nitidamente distintas na relação de poder que se estabelece entre eles e se enfatiza a necessidade de investigar quais dessas crianças, que já são vulneráveis por si só, apresentam-se no grupo de risco para a vitimização. São apontados fatores de risco para a vitimização, dentre os quais, sexo, idade, isolamento social e relações conflituosas com os pais ou entre eles. Descreve-se o processo de aproximação entre o pedófilo e a vítima, bem como se analisam os danos sofridos pela criança vitimada. São fornecidos critérios para o diagnóstico do abuso sexual infantil e elencados fatores capazes de potencializar o trauma da vitimização. Descrevem-se os efeitos iniciais e a longo prazo do abuso e, por fim, refletindo-se sobre os fatores de risco, anteriores ao abuso e, sobre os danos, a ele posteriores, salienta-se a importância da tomada de atitudes preventivas e reparatórias do abuso sexual infantil, todas pautadas em ações multissetoriais e interdisciplinares. / Pedophilia is a complex, emergent and polemic theme. However, pedophilia does not imply committing abusive acts against children; once it is possible the pedophile sexual fantasy never emerges out of his mind. On the other hand, in case such sexual deviance exceed the limits of the persons imagination, then the child sex abuse is configured. It is relevant to observe that not only the pedophile practices acts which can be qualified as childs sex abuse, but also those acts practiced by opportunists or occasional abusers. Within the pedophile-childs relationship, the option for a study of the child is justifiable, mainly because it holds the position of victim and, as such, there cannot be any doubt that the damages are larger as a result of the abuse acts. In fact, a benevolent eye is set upon the child who suffered the abuse and needs, somehow, to receive the necessary support to rescue it from this situation. It is mentioned, in this paper, that historically children have always been victims of violence acts, and that the theme of child sex abuse comprises other aspects equally polemic, among which we can detach infantile sexuality and incest. In this connection, it is said that the existence of a healthy infantile childhood is relevant for the full development of children. It is pointed out that the child sex abuse has the peculiarity of being involved in a climate of secrecy, i.e. the silence covering abusive practices against children, so that the maintenance of the abuse is kept for a long time, the black cipher on this context being notable. With reference to the study of child sex abuse practiced by pedophilists, this focus is justifiable, in view of the seduction and deception involving pedophilic activities, which contribute to potentiate the trauma experienced by the victim. In this sense, it is said there are risk factors which precede the abuse, as well as theories about the victim are mentioned. It is noteworthy that the child and the abuser occupy distinct positions in the power relationship between them, and we must emphasize the need for investigation about which of the children, vulnerable by themselves, are on the victimization risk group. Risk factors for victimization are pointed out, such as, sex, age, social isolation and conflict relations with parents or between them. The process of approximation between the pedophile and the victim is indicated, as well as de damages suffered by the victim child. Criteria are supplied for the diagnosis of infant sex abuse, and factors capable of potentiating the victimization trauma are indicated. The initial and long-term abuse effects are described and, finally, considering the reflections on the risk factors prior to the abuse and on the damages after it, emphasizing the importance of taking preventive and remedial actions on infantile sex abuse, all of them based on multi-sector and multidisciplinary actions.

A temática da pedofilia é complexa, polêmica e emergente. A pedofilia, no entanto, não implica necessariamente no cometimento de atos abusivos contra as crianças, sendo possível que as fantasias sexuais do pedófilo jamais saiam de sua mente. Por outro lado, caso referido distúrbio sexual ultrapasse os limites do imaginário do indivíduo que dele é portador, estará configurado o abuso sexual infantil. Relevante observar que não apenas o indivíduo portador de pedofilia pratica atos que caracterizam abuso sexual infantil, mas também os denominados abusadores oportunistas ou ocasionais. Na relação pedófilo-criança, a opção pelo estudo da criança neste trabalho justifica-se, sobretudo, porque é ela quem ocupa a posição de vítima e, como tal, não se duvida que seus prejuízos sejam maiores em decorrência dos atos abusivos praticados. De fato, relevante assumir um olhar benevolente para aquela que, subjugada pelo abuso, necessita, de alguma forma, encontrar amparo que a possa resgatar dessa situação. Menciona-se, nesta dissertação, que historicamente as crianças sempre foram vítimas de atos de violência e que a temática do abuso sexual infantil compreende outras noções igualmente polêmicas, dentre as quais se podem destacar a sexualidade infantil e o incesto. Nesse passo, é dito que a existência de uma sexualidade infantil saudável constitui aspecto relevante para o pleno desenvolvimento da criança. Demonstra-se que o abuso sexual infantil tem a peculiaridade de se revestir da característica do segredo, ou seja, de um silêncio que encobre as práticas abusivas perpetradas contra a criança, de forma que fica garantida a perpetuação do abuso ao longo do tempo, sendo notável a cifra negra relativamente a essas práticas. Com relação ao estudo do abuso sexual infantil praticado por portadores de pedofilia, justifica-se o enfoque em virtude das circunstâncias de sedução e engodo que envolvem a atuação pedofílica e que potencializam o trauma vivenciado pela vítima. Nesse contexto, retrospectivamente ao abuso, verifica-se a existência de fatores de risco para sua ocorrência, bem como se mencionam teorias sobre a vítima. Ressalta-se que a criança e o abusador ocupam posições nitidamente distintas na relação de poder que se estabelece entre eles e se enfatiza a necessidade de investigar quais dessas crianças, que já são vulneráveis por si só, apresentam-se no grupo de risco para a vitimização. São apontados fatores de risco para a vitimização, dentre os quais, sexo, idade, isolamento social e relações conflituosas com os pais ou entre eles. Descreve-se o processo de aproximação entre o pedófilo e a vítima, bem como se analisam os danos sofridos pela criança vitimada. São fornecidos critérios para o diagnóstico do abuso sexual infantil e elencados fatores capazes de potencializar o trauma da vitimização. Descrevem-se os efeitos iniciais e a longo prazo do abuso e, por fim, refletindo-se sobre os fatores de risco, anteriores ao abuso e, sobre os danos, a ele posteriores, salienta-se a importância da tomada de atitudes preventivas e reparatórias do abuso sexual infantil, todas pautadas em ações multissetoriais e interdisciplinares. / Pedophilia is a complex, emergent and polemic theme. However, pedophilia does not imply committing abusive acts against children; once it is possible the pedophile sexual fantasy never emerges out of his mind. On the other hand, in case such sexual deviance exceed the limits of the persons imagination, then the child sex abuse is configured. It is relevant to observe that not only the pedophile practices acts which can be qualified as childs sex abuse, but also those acts practiced by opportunists or occasional abusers. Within the pedophile-childs relationship, the option for a study of the child is justifiable, mainly because it holds the position of victim and, as such, there cannot be any doubt that the damages are larger as a result of the abuse acts. In fact, a benevolent eye is set upon the child who suffered the abuse and needs, somehow, to receive the necessary support to rescue it from this situation. It is mentioned, in this paper, that historically children have always been victims of violence acts, and that the theme of child sex abuse comprises other aspects equally polemic, among which we can detach infantile sexuality and incest. In this connection, it is said that the existence of a healthy infantile childhood is relevant for the full development of children. It is pointed out that the child sex abuse has the peculiarity of being involved in a climate of secrecy, i.e. the silence covering abusive practices against children, so that the maintenance of the abuse is kept for a long time, the black cipher on this context being notable. With reference to the study of child sex abuse practiced by pedophilists, this focus is justifiable, in view of the seduction and deception involving pedophilic activities, which contribute to potentiate the trauma experienced by the victim. In this sense, it is said there are risk factors which precede the abuse, as well as theories about the victim are mentioned. It is noteworthy that the child and the abuser occupy distinct positions in the power relationship between them, and we must emphasize the need for investigation about which of the children, vulnerable by themselves, are on the victimization risk group. Risk factors for victimization are pointed out, such as, sex, age, social isolation and conflict relations with parents or between them. The process of approximation between the pedophile and the victim is indicated, as well as de damages suffered by the victim child. Criteria are supplied for the diagnosis of infant sex abuse, and factors capable of potentiating the victimization trauma are indicated. The initial and long-term abuse effects are described and, finally, considering the reflections on the risk factors prior to the abuse and on the damages after it, emphasizing the importance of taking preventive and remedial actions on infantile sex abuse, all of them based on multi-sector and multidisciplinary actions.

This diploma thesis deals with conflict prevention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Its aim was to compare its relevance and results in the both countries. In doing so, the first theoretical section outlined the way of assessing conflict potential, which conditions and justifies applying preventative measures. This was examined in terms of Copenhagen school and its broaden meaning of security, whereas the paper focused on the political, economic and societal dimension. Then the notion of conflict prevention was framed within terminological and historical context and considered in terms of its trends and current challenges. At the end of the theoretical section, the concepts if security dimensions and conflict prevention were discussed in terms of their applicability for the case studies of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Afterwards, the empirical section researched the conflict potential and preventive actions of international organisations, states and non-state actors in the both countries. Analytical part evaluated the empirical data in order to assess conflict prevention in the both states. In doing so, I used SWOT analysis, which defined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of conflict prevention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. The results can be summarised as follows: The character...

The purpose of the presented project is to eliminate the supply chain losses in Kraft Heinz Company through preventive actions. The two points that the current thesis will focus on are the prevention of excess production and the elimination of MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) issues that contribute to supply chain losses. High MOQ is one of the main root causes of excess production. Firstly, a literature review will be made. The approach of creating the literature framework is to start from a general description of supply chain activities in FMCG (Fast-moving Consumer Goods) companies, then to focus on more specific topic which is the excess stock and the inventory management and finally, to end up in the food waste hierarchy analysis that scientific articles frame. Food waste for a FMCG company is similar to supply chain losses, thus it is critical to provide a state-of-art literature in order to have a better understanding. Furthermore, the KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) background will be described, as the history of KHC and the current portfolio in order to understand the size of the company and the needs of such a huge company and the complexities. Additionally, the supply chain function in KHC will be described in details in order to understand the reason of this thesis existence, to identify the gaps in this process and the improvements should be made. Finally, the improvements made through this project will be presented, as well as, the processes and the methods that are developed and standardized. The analysis of the prevention of excess production process, as well as, the improvements have been made in this process will be explained. The routines and the new approaches will be described. The second part of the improvements section is concerned the development and the standardization of the MOQ Flexibility project. The calculations, the process, the challenges and the involved stakeholders will be part of this thesis. / Syftet med det presenterade projektet är att eliminera förlusterna i försörjningskedjorna genom förebyggande åtgärder på företaget Kraft Heinz. De två delar som examensarbetet fokuserar på är hur man ska kunna förhindra överproduktion och eliminera MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity/(Minsta orderkvantitet) faktorer som bidrar till förlust i försörjningskedjan. Hög MOQ är en av de främsta orsakerna till överproduktion. Det första steget var att göra en litteraturundersökning. Litteraturöversikten skapar ett ramverk där utgångspunkten är en allmän beskrivning av aktiviteter i leverantörernas försörjningskedjor inom företaget för FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods/ Snabbt Rörliga Konsumentvaror), för att sedan fokusera på ett mer specifikt ämne, vilket är överskottslagret och lagerstyrningen för att slutligen landa i en matavfallshierarkianalys som ramas in av vetenskapliga artiklar. Matavfall för ett FMCG- företag är samma sak som försörjnings- kedjeförluster i leverantörskedjan, därför är det viktigt att tillhandahålla en nulägesanalys med referens till litteraturen för att få en bättre förståelse. Dessutom beskrivs KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) mot bakgrund av företagets historia och den nuvarande produktportföljen för att läsaren ska få en uppfattning om företagets storlek, dess behov och komplexiteten i ett sådant stort företag. Leveranskedjefunktionen inom KHC kommer beskrivas i detalj för att man ska kunna förstå anledningen till behovet av detta examensarbete, för att identifiera luckorna i denna process och för att peka på de förbättringar som bör göras. Slutligen kommer de förbättringar som gjorts genom detta projekt att presenteras, liksom, processerna och metoderna som utvecklats och standardiserats. Analysen med syfte att förhindra överskott i produktionsprocessen samt de förbättringar som har implementerats i denna process kommer att förklaras. Rutinerna och de nya tillvägagångssätten kommer att beskrivas. Den andra delen av förbättringsavsnittet handlar om utveckling och standardisering av MOQ Flexibilitetsprojektet. De beräkningar, processen, utmaningarna och de inblandade intressenterna är en del av denna avhandling.