Thesis (D.M.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dental Science, 1962. / Typewritten. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Fausto Berzin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T06:46:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vera_RosarioMarthadeLaTorre_D.pdf: 1505462 bytes, checksum: d195c62f0a0ff8e0fd183e6c5ebf294a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar os sinais e sintomas das disfunções temporomandibulares, a dor crônica, a depressão, assim como também avaliar a função muscular dos masseteres e do temporal na mastigação habitual. Todas estas variáveis foram analisadas pré e após cinco anos da cirurgia ortognática. Materiais: Foi utilizado o questionário RDC (reseach diagnostic Criteria), para avaliar e classificar o tipo de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM), assim como para observar o grau de dor crônica e depressão (eixo II), para a análise dos sinais e sintomas das DTMs foi utilizado o eixo I do RDC. Na análise do ciclo mastigatório foi utilizado o eletromiógráfo Myosystem I e software Myosystem BRI, versão 2.52 (DataHominis Tecnologia Ltda). Os músculos avaliados foram a parte anterior do temporal e a parte superficial do masseter de ambos os lados. O comportamento muscular foi avaliado em cinco períodos: pré-cirurgia 2-3 meses (T0); Pós-cirurgia 6 meses (T1), 12 meses (T2), 24 meses (T3) e 60 meses (T4). Resultados: A dor crônica e a depressão apresentaram melhoras após 5 anos do tratamento cirúrgico. Em relação às outras variáveis analisadas, observamos, que após 12, 24 e 60 meses da cirurgia, existe um aumento do tempo e do instante máximo da atividade do ciclo mastigatório. O RMS apresenta o sinal eletromiográfico mais estável após cinco anos do tratamento cirúrgico. Conclusão: A cirurgia ortognatica não é tratamento para as disfunções temporomandibulares. O ciclo mastigatório mostra melhoras no sinal eletromiográfico para pacientes prognatas que não apresentem nenhum tipo de disfunção temporo mandibular / Abstract: Objectives : To evaluate the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders , chronic pain , depression , as well as evaluate the muscle function of the masseter and temporal in mastication . All these variables were analyzed before and five years after orthognathic surgery. Materials : RDC ( reseach diagnostic Criteria) questionnaire was used to assess and classify the type of temporomandibular disorders ( TMD ) , as well as to observe the degree of chronic pain and depression ( axis II ) , for the analysis of the signs and symptoms of the TMD axis I RDC was used . In the analysis of the masticatory cycle Myosystem I electromyography and software Myosystem BRI , version 2.52 ( DataHominis Technology Ltd. ) was used . The muscles tested were the anterior part of the temporal and superficial part of the masseter muscle on both sides . Muscle performance was evaluated in five periods : pre - surgery 2-3 months ( T0 ), 6 months post- surgery ( T1 ) , 12 months ( T2 ) , 24 months ( T3 ) and 60 months ( T4 ) . Results: Chronic pain and depression showed improvement after 5 years of surgical treatment . Regarding the other variables , we observe that 12 , 24 and 60 months after surgery , there is an increase in the time and the maximum moment of the masticatory cycle activity. The RMS has the most stable EMG signal after five years of surgical treatment Conclusion : orthognathic surgery is no treatment for temporomandibular disorders . The masticatory cycle shows improvement in electromyographic signal for prognathic patients without any type of temporomandibular disorders / Doutorado / Anatomia / Doutora em Biologia Buco-Dental

Typewritten Includes bibliographical references.

Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'intégration des structures craniofaciales au sein de la famille des hominidés. Au cours de l'évolution, une réduction du prognathisme et une diminution de la longueur de la face sont observées chez les taxons appartenant au rameau humaine. Cette réduction des structures faciales est associée à une base du crâne plus fléchie et à une mandibule plus gracile. L'objectif de ce travail est de définir le rôle joué par les changements basicrâniens et mandibulaires dans la mise en place de la face courte et droite des humains modernes. Dans ce contexte, les schémas d'intégration liant la face et les autres structures crâniennes (basicrâne et mandibule) ont été décrits et quantifiés dans ce mémoire. Ce travail a été effectué sur la base d'un échantillon de crânes incluant l'ensemble des genres d'hominidés actuels : les humains modernes, les chimpanzés, les gorilles et les orangs-outans. Les crânes ont été préalablement numérisés à l'aide d'un scanner médical. Les schémas d'intégration craniofaciaux ont alors été étudiés à l'aide d'outils statistiques et de méthodes d'analyses en morphométrie géométrique. Ce travail a permis de mettre en avant plusieurs mécanismes d'intégration craniofaciale, propres aux humains modernes. Ces schémas d'intégration spécifiques permettent d'expliquer en grande partie la mise en place de la face réduite des humains modernes. Ces résultats permettent donc d'éclairer les mécanismes d'évolution et de mise en place des structures faciales chez les hominidés et dans le rameau humain. / This thesis dissertation is dedicated to the study of craniofacial structures within the hominid family. Throughout evolution, a reduction of facial prognathism and a diminution of the facial length are observed in the taxa which belong to the human lineage. This reduction of facial structures is associated to a more flexed cranial base and to a shorter mandible. The aim of this work is to define the role played by the basicranial and mandibular changes in the set up of the short and straight face of modern humans. In this context, the patterns of integration linking the face and the other cranial structures (basicranium and mandible) are decrypted and quantified in this thesis dissertation. This work has been done with a sample including all the extant hominid genera: modern humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, orang-utans. The skulls were first scanned using a medical scanner. Patterns of craniofacial integration were then studied using statistical tools and geometric morphometric analysis methods. This work underlined several mechanisms of craniofacial integration, unique to modern humans. These specific patterns of integration can explain an important part of the set up of modern humans reduced face. Thus, these results enlighten the evolution mechanisms and the set up of facial structures in hominids and in the human lineage.