Project success is vitally important for companies to execute and achieve their strate-gies, as well as carry out their visions. Today, more than ever before, companies oper-ate under tremendous strain to deliver results rapidly and, at the same time, remain viable and adaptable. Many organisations face multiple constraints in the process of implementing successful governance structures, especially where meaningful information technology (IT) deals are involved. Every organisation is confronted by problems exclusive to itself as each organization’s ecological, political, geographical, economic and social issues are unique. Research has indicated that IT projects are likely to fail where governance is lacking due to organizational limitations. Each of the mentioned challenges is capable of giving rise to difficulties that make the provision of effectual governance impossible, or challenging. Investments by financial institutions in South Africa in IT projects can conservatively be estimated at billions of rands. Given such colossal investment amounts, there is concern as to why there is still a lack of cooperation between various banking institutions in developing unified standards and procedures which result in successful management of IT projects. The unified standards would ensure that the investments in IT generate business value and mitigate the risks associated with IT, an integral part of the overall business delivery. IT governance is an integral part of corporate governance and en-sures that IT goals are met, and attendant risks are mitigated. IT governance powers ensures alignment between IT investment and programme delivery, and must justly measure accomplishments. This study was undertaken to evaluate and establish the reasons why IT project man-agement and IT regulatory governance fail within the South African banking industry. The objectives of the study were to find ways of addressing the way in which IT project management and regulatory governance are implemented so as to address project fail-ures. Another objective was to recommend frameworks which would usher in positive impacts on IT project implementation and develop effective IT regulatory standards for the South African banking sector. The findings of the study reflected that IT projects should be directed from the very top of organisations. The boards of directors and senior management should take owner-ship of IT projects and governance issues. The findings also revealed that there is a need for supervision by the boards of directors. This ensures that investments made in IT systems produce reasonable returns for the institutions. Regular checks of IT systems and governance compliance are essential to ensure enforcement. The research results were explained and equated to the studied information. / School of Computing / M. Tech. (Information Technology)

Un proyecto minero, independientemente de su escala productiva, busca que el desarrollo de sus actividades genere rentabilidad, la cual es influenciada por factores legales, técnicos, sociales, económicos, financieros y ambientales, que deben analizarse previamente para continuar con la actividad. Es así que, para la evaluación económica - financiera de un proyecto de pequeña minera, en proceso de formalización, es necesario conocer el contexto, condiciones en las que este se ejecuta, los riesgos inherentes a esta escala y con ello se plantean los parámetros acordes para obtener su rentabilidad. La presente investigación tiene como finalidad proponer una metodología estratégica, económica, financiera para la formalización y rentabilidad de proyectos auríferos desarrollado por pequeños productores mineros en proceso de formalización, tomando como caso de estudio un proyecto minero ubicado en la región de Pasco. Para la elaboración de la metodología como primer objetivo se diagnosticará el contexto macro y micro entorno en el que se desarrolla el proyecto aurífero San Marcelo, a través de las herramientas PESTEL, Cinco Fuerzas de Porter y FODA; en el segundo objetivo, se identificará los requisitos acreditables con los que cuenta el proyecto para obtener la formalización minera; y como tercer objetivo se propondrá los alcances o parámetros para la evaluación económica-financiera mediante los análisis productivos, de mercado e indicadores económicos (VAN y TIR), que conduzcan a conocer la rentabilidad y desarrollo sostenible del proyecto. / A mining project, independently of its productive scale, seeks that the development of its activities generates profitability, which is influenced by legal, technical, social, economic, financial and environmental factors, which must be analyzed previously to continue with the activity. Thus, for the economic and financial evaluation of a small mining project, in the process of formalization, it is necessary to know the context, the conditions in which it is executed, the risks inherent to this scale, and with this, the appropriate parameters for obtaining profitability. This research aims to propose a strategic, economic and financial methodology for the formalization and profitability of gold projects developed by small mining producers in the process of formalization, taking as a case study a mining project located in the Pasco region. For the elaboration of the methodology, as a first objective, the macro and micro context in which the San Marcelo gold project is developed will be diagnosed, through the tools PESTEL, Five Forces of Porter and SWOT; as a second objective, the credible requirements that the project has to obtain the mining formalization, will be identified; and in third place, the scopes or parameters for the economic-financial evaluation will be proposed through the productive, market and economic indicators analyses (NPV and IRR), that lead to know the profitability and sustainable development of the project. / Tesis

La presente tesis, tiene como objetivo una propuesta de gestión de proyecto basado en la guía PMBOK para mejorar la ejecución de carretera de acceso de un proyecto minero en Ancash el 2021 mediante la planificación y control del alcance, cronograma y costo. El tipo de investigación fue de tipo cuantitativa, con un diseño de investigación no experimental explicativa, el cual buscó analizar las variables tanto dependiente como independiente y determinar si una afecta a la otra. La muestra de estudio está constituida por la gestión del proyecto de tres áreas (Gestión del alcance, Gestión del cronograma, Gestión del costo) en la obra en ejecución de la unidad minera Antamina durante el año 2021. La investigación utilizó la guía PMBOK lo cual brindó los lineamientos y guías para identificar las características y formatos necesarios para el proyecto. Asimismo, se realizó la estructura de composición de la investigación teniendo en cuenta las actividades involucradas, su secuencia, facilidad constructiva, el costo, disponibilidad y uso de los insumos (materiales, equipos, herramientas, mano de obra), así como la disponibilidad de mano de obra operativa y los rendimientos. Durante la metodología utilizada se utilizó la recolección de información durante las primeras 36 semanas iniciales del proyecto, obteniendo información vigente del alcance del proyecto, el desempeño del cronograma, del desempeño del costo y del avance de la ejecución de la obra. Es por ello, que se utilizó el reporte del control de rendimiento de horas máquinas, horas hombres y control de costos. Posteriormente, la información obtenida fue procesada empleando los softwares Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Project y AutoCAD e interpretada para obtener la medición de la eficiencia de la gestión y así lograr los resultados necesarios para proponer la aplicación de las guías del PMBOK en el proyecto. Finalmente, luego de analizar, interpretar, definir la información base e información procesada en base a la propuesta, se presentaron los resultados, conclusiones y recomendaciones de acuerdo a la información obtenida en la investigación. / The objective of this thesis is a project management proposal based on the PMBOK guide to improve the execution of the access road of a mining project in Ancash in 2021 through the planning and control of the scope, schedule, and cost. The type of research was quantitative, with an explanatory non-experimental research design, which sought to analyze both dependent and independent variables and determine if one affects the other. The study sample is constituted by the project management of three areas (Scope Management, Schedule Management, Cost Management) in the works in execution of the Antamina mining unit during the year 2021. The research improved the PMBOK guide, which provided the guidelines and guidelines to identify the characteristics and formats necessary for the project. Likewise, the composition structure of the research was carried out taking into account the activities involved, their sequence, constructive ease, the cost, availability, and use of inputs (materials, equipment, tools), as well as the availability of hand of operational work and yields. During the methodology used, the collection of during the first 36 initial weeks of the project was shown, the information was obtained current on the scope of the project, the performance of the schedule, the performance of the cost and the progress of the execution of the works. That is why the performance control report of machine hours, man hours and cost control was obtained. Subsequently, the information obtained was processed using Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Project and AutoCAD software and interpreted to obtain the measurement of management efficiency and thus achieve the necessary results to propose the application of the PMBOK guidelines in the project. Finally, after analyzing, interpreting, defining the base information and processed information based on the proposal, the results, conclusions, and recommendations were presented according to the information obtained in the investigation. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:03:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pretextuais.pdf: 645365 bytes, checksum: b569f4b0b3089abd234661a0451cbe18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-09 / Studies carried out by the United Nations (UN) show that a third of the population of the planet is suffering from the lack or inadequacy of dwellings and infra-basic structure. The deficit per dwelling is more serious in underdeveloped countries and developing countries, such as Brazil, and is becoming increasingly difficult to be solved without a great effort of the public, private initiative, financial institutions, education/research and associations on the basis of the various categories of work. As an alternative provision housing, has-if the participative management by mutual assistance, highlighting-if the housing cooperatives of auto-management. This program have presented high performance, where the works housing are being marketed and financed through this modality constructive, reducing the overall cost and increase the quality of the ventures. The mitigation of the overall cost of venture is a preponderant factor of success and survival of housing cooperatives of auto-management. The construction of residential buildings multiple floors enables the ventures housing cooperatives, because the high cost of developed land, usually with areas reduced, requiring increase the number of floors of the product for the better use of sites. The survival and servicing objectives of housing cooperatives of auto-management should consider four fundamental aspects: effectiveness in running (including the projects management), strong partnerships (with highlight to the public power, financial institutions , teaching/research, and other cooperative branches), existence of technical advice (from its constitution) and the target public (associated members with aware and motivated). Several studies identify that is in the projects management of the key to the reduction of waste of inputs and costs, with a gain in productivity and of the quality required to the final product. Considering the gaps in knowledge related to management of the project in the cooperative housing ventures, this study aims to investigate the main factors the quality of the production process, especially the stage of project of residential buildings with multiple floors built by the system of housing cooperatives of auto-management. As a result, the study provides some guidelines and tools for evaluating performance and quality of planning and control of the stage of project, from the studies of models, obtained by two aspects of phenomenological research. With the first vector seeks to at the literature national and international, models and tools for assessing the quality of project management, being more appropriate and would be appropriate for housing cooperatives of auto-management. Through the second vector investigated if, with the study of cases, two ventures of residential buildings multiple floors one in the city of Águas Claras DF, and another in the city of Goiânia GO, administered by housing cooperatives of auto-management. In these evaluated if the organizational structure, systems of an exchange of information, the weaknesses present and critical phases, planning and control the quality of the stage of project, the methodologies and tools of quality, in construction companies, design offices and between the intervening agents of the project process. It is concluded that the application management of the project in housing cooperatives of auto-management is a fundamental factor for survival,in implementing its main goal: to produce low cost housing and quality to their members. / Estudos realizados pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) mostram que um terço da população do planeta sofre com a falta ou inadequação de moradia e infra-estrutura básica. O déficit por habitação é mais grave nos países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, e fica cada vez mais difícil de ser resolvido sem um grande esforço do poder público, iniciativa privada, instituições financeiras, de ensino/pesquisa e associações nas bases das diversas categorias de trabalho. Como uma alternativa de provisão habitacional, tem-se a gestão participativa pela ajuda mútua, destacando-se as cooperativas habitacionais autogestionárias. Este programa tem apresentado elevado desempenho, onde as obras habitacionais estão sendo comercializadas e financiadas através desta modalidade construtiva, com redução do custo global e aumento da qualidade dos empreendimentos. A mitigação do custo global do empreendimento é um fator preponderante do sucesso e sobrevivência das cooperativas habitacionais de autogestão. A construção de edifícios residenciais de múltiplos pavimentos viabiliza os empreendimentos das cooperativas habitacionais, haja vista o alto custo dos terrenos urbanizados, normalmente com áreas reduzidas, exigindo a verticalização do produto para o melhor aproveitamento dos sítios. A sobrevida e atendimento aos objetivos das cooperativas habitacionais autogestionárias deve considerar quatro aspectos fundamentais: eficácia na autogestão (incluindo a gestão do processo de projetos), sólidas parcerias (com destaque para o poder público, instituições financeiras, de ensino/pesquisa e outros ramos cooperativos), existência de assessoria técnica (desde a sua constituição) e o público alvo (associados conscientes e motivados). Várias pesquisas identificam que está na gestão do processo de projetos a chave para a redução dos desperdícios de insumos e custos, com ganho de produtividade e da qualidade requerida ao produto final. Considerando as lacunas de conhecimento relacionadas ao gerenciamento do processo de projeto nos empreendimentos das cooperativas habitacionais, este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar os principais fatores a qualidade do processo de produção, principalmente a etapa de projetos dos edifícios residenciais de múltiplos pavimentos construídos por meio do sistema de cooperativas habitacionais autogestionárias. Como resultado, o trabalho fornece algumas diretrizes e ferramentas de avaliação de desempenho e qualidade do planejamento e controle da etapa de projeto, oriundas dos estudos de modelos, obtidos por meio de duas vertentes fenomenológicas de investigação. Com o primeiro vetor buscou-se, na literatura nacional e internacional, modelos e ferramentas para avaliação da qualidade do gerenciamento de projetos, que fossem mais adequadas e pudessem ser apropriadas para as cooperativas habitacionais de autogestão. Através do segundo vetor, investigou-se, com os estudo de casos, dois empreendimentos de edifícios residenciais de múltiplos pavimentos - um em Águas Claras DF, e outro em Goiânia GO , administrados por cooperativas habitacionais autogestionárias. Nestes, avaliou-se a estrutura organizacional, os sistemas de troca de informações, as falhas presentes e fases críticas, planejamento e controle da qualidade da etapa de projeto, as metodologias e ferramentas da qualidade empregados nas construtoras, escritórios de projeto e entre os agentes intervenientes do processo de projeto. Conclui-se que, a aplicação do gerenciamento de projeto nas cooperativas habitacionais de autogestão é um fator fundamental de sobrevida, para o atendimento do seu principal objetivo: produzir a moradia com baixo custo e qualidade aos seus associados.

The main subject of this thesis is to prepare the web analysis and design methodology, MANW. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the definition of the methodological framework on the basis of which the methodology will be built. The framework comes out from the methodological framework MEFIS which has been accustomed to comply with specific needs of the web application and websites development. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the research of existing methodologies for web project implementation. Based on the research, the elements of the methodologies suitable for analysis and design are selected and then incorporated into the MANW methodology. The last part of the thesis is the description of the methodology itself and description of its characteristics and elements. The goal of the diploma thesis is to prepare a simple methodology for websites and web applications analysis and design which can be used in agile web development. The methodology is described by its phases, processes, roles, inputs and outputs and other elements which are defined in the elaborated methodological framework. The output of methodology processes are the data for implementation, deployment and operation of web solutions. It was necessary to define the term methodology and define a methodological framework first in order to work out the methodology itself successfully. Another starting point for methodology design was the research of existing methodologies which also serves as an introduction to the problems of web projects implementation and provides an overview of existing tools. Output of the thesis is the MANW methodology which is a synthesis of the working experience and of a methodological framework theory. This methodology is easily modifiable and thanks to the clear process definition it can provide the companies with an effective solution of web products analysis and design.