Global ETD Search

1	Applications of the speedy delivery waveform Biskup, John Fredrick 13 May 2015 (has links) The Speedy Delivery (SD) waveform was introduced in patent US 6,441,695 B1 issued August 27, 2002 to the inventor Dr. Robert Flake. In the most basic form, the SD boundary condition is an exponential, D⋅e [superscript α⋅t] . The propagating waveform is described by an analytic, closed form solution of the wave equation in lossy media and has several very special properties. The most surprising property is that the leading edge of the waveform propagates with attenuation but without distortion. The lack of distortion occurs even in lossy transmission media with frequency dependent parameters. This is unlike any other known pulse shape. Additionally, varying the waveforms parameter, α, can vary the propagation velocity and the attenuation of the waveform. Because the exponential waveform is unbounded it cannot continue indefinitely and must be truncated and closed by a non-SD closing edge. This dissertation discusses the transmission behavior and two applications of truncated SD waveforms. A brief analysis of SD propagation in lossy transmission lines is presented and some practical considerations associated with truncating the SD waveforms are addressed. The parameters needed to describe the propagation of the SD waveform are defined and techniques for determining their values are presented. Finally, examples applying these truncated SD waveforms to time domain reflectometry and Communication Technology are presented. / text Speedy Delivery (SD) waveform Robert Flake Lossy media Distortion Propagation velocity Transmission behavior SD propagation
2	Desenvolvimento de uma célula para medição de propriedades de líquidos por ultrassom com manipulação de amostras através de cubetas / Tiago, Marcelo Moreira. January 2018 (has links) Orientador: Ricardo Tokio Higuti / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de medição de propriedades de líquidos por ultrassom, tais como velocidade de propagação e coeficiente de atenuação, com as seguintes características: modo de operação pulsado em transmissão-recepção, faixa de frequências entre 20 e 80~MHz, controle de temperatura com variações menores do que 0,01ºC, além do uso de cubetas descartáveis e/ou esterilizáveis com volume menor ou igual a 3 ml. Células Peltier controladas eletronicamente foram utilizadas como atuadores térmicos para o controle de temperatura da célula de medição proposta, e também, para o controle da temperatura de uma caixa térmica utilizada para minimizar os efeitos das variações da temperatura ambiente na amostra. Testes de estabilidade com água destilada mostraram que a temperatura controlada apresenta uma variação menor que 0,01ºC, e que a incerteza para medidas de velocidade de propagação é da ordem de 5 cm/s, a uma temperatura de 25ºC e frequência de 50 MHz. Em relação as medidas de atenuação, o sistema apresentou incertezas na ordem de 0,3 dB/cm para água destilada a 25ºC. Foram realizados ensaios com misturas de água e NaCl, que apresentam valores de atenuação mais baixos que os da água destilada e com amostras de óleos de rícino e de silicone, que apresentam valores de atenuação elevados. Como exemplos de aplicação, a célula de medição foi utilizada para medir propriedades de biocombustíveis, tais como concentração de água em misturas de água e etano... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work describes the development of an ultrasonic spectrometer for liquids, which operates in the frequency range from 20 MHz to 80 MHz. Important characteristics are its high thermal stability (better than 0.01ºC) and practical sample handling by the use of commercial cuvettes, which have small volumes (<3 ml) and can be easily removed from the spectrometer, cleaned/sterilized or simply discarded. Electronically controlled Peltier cells were used as thermal actuators for the temperature control. Through-transmission operation is used to measure propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient with uncertainty in the order of 5 cm/s and 0.03 db/cm, respectively, at 25ºC and 50 MHz. The spectrometer was tested with mixtures of water and NaCl, which have attenuations smaller than that of distilled water, and higher attenuation samples of silicone and castor oil. As a practical application, the spectrometer was used to measure some properties of biofuels, like concentration of water and ethanol mixtures, thermal-degradation effects in soybean biodiesel and percentage of biodiesel in mixtures of diesel and biodiesel. / Doutor Ultrassom. Velocidade de propagação Atenuação Biocombustíveis. Cubetas Ultrasound Propagation velocity Attenuation Biofuel Cuvettes
3	Desenvolvimento de uma célula para medição de propriedades de líquidos por ultrassom com manipulação de amostras através de cubetas / High frequency measurement cell for the characterization of liquids by ultrasound with sample handling using cuvettes Tiago, Marcelo Moreira 08 March 2018 (has links) Submitted by MARCELO MOREIRA TIAGO null (marcelomtiago@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-05-07T01:42:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Marcelo_Moreira_Tiago.pdf: 2409415 bytes, checksum: 95ce459654f818853cea181486070d90 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-05-07T12:21:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tiago_mm_dr_ilha.pdf: 2409415 bytes, checksum: 95ce459654f818853cea181486070d90 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T12:21:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tiago_mm_dr_ilha.pdf: 2409415 bytes, checksum: 95ce459654f818853cea181486070d90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de medição de propriedades de líquidos por ultrassom, tais como velocidade de propagação e coeficiente de atenuação, com as seguintes características: modo de operação pulsado em transmissão-recepção, faixa de frequências entre 20 e 80~MHz, controle de temperatura com variações menores do que 0,01ºC, além do uso de cubetas descartáveis e/ou esterilizáveis com volume menor ou igual a 3 ml. Células Peltier controladas eletronicamente foram utilizadas como atuadores térmicos para o controle de temperatura da célula de medição proposta, e também, para o controle da temperatura de uma caixa térmica utilizada para minimizar os efeitos das variações da temperatura ambiente na amostra. Testes de estabilidade com água destilada mostraram que a temperatura controlada apresenta uma variação menor que 0,01ºC, e que a incerteza para medidas de velocidade de propagação é da ordem de 5 cm/s, a uma temperatura de 25ºC e frequência de 50 MHz. Em relação as medidas de atenuação, o sistema apresentou incertezas na ordem de 0,3 dB/cm para água destilada a 25ºC. Foram realizados ensaios com misturas de água e NaCl, que apresentam valores de atenuação mais baixos que os da água destilada e com amostras de óleos de rícino e de silicone, que apresentam valores de atenuação elevados. Como exemplos de aplicação, a célula de medição foi utilizada para medir propriedades de biocombustíveis, tais como concentração de água em misturas de água e etanol, efeitos da termodegradação em amostras de biodiesel de soja e determinação da porcentagem de biodiesel em misturas de diesel e biodiesel. / This work describes the development of an ultrasonic spectrometer for liquids, which operates in the frequency range from 20 MHz to 80 MHz. Important characteristics are its high thermal stability (better than 0.01ºC) and practical sample handling by the use of commercial cuvettes, which have small volumes (<3 ml) and can be easily removed from the spectrometer, cleaned/sterilized or simply discarded. Electronically controlled Peltier cells were used as thermal actuators for the temperature control. Through-transmission operation is used to measure propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient with uncertainty in the order of 5 cm/s and 0.03 db/cm, respectively, at 25ºC and 50 MHz. The spectrometer was tested with mixtures of water and NaCl, which have attenuations smaller than that of distilled water, and higher attenuation samples of silicone and castor oil. As a practical application, the spectrometer was used to measure some properties of biofuels, like concentration of water and ethanol mixtures, thermal-degradation effects in soybean biodiesel and percentage of biodiesel in mixtures of diesel and biodiesel. Ultrassom Velocidade de propagação Atenuação Biocombustíveis Cubetas Ultrasound Propagation velocity Attenuation Biofuel Cuvettes
4	Quantitative Hydrodynamics Analysis of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction using Color M-Mode Echocardiography Stewart, Kelley Christine 18 November 2008 (has links) Numerous studies have shown that cardiac diastolic dysfunction and diastolic filling play a critical role in dictating overall cardiac health and demonstrated that the filling wave propagation speed is a significant index of the severity of diastolic dysfunction. However, the governing flow physics underlying the relationship between propagation speed and diastolic dysfunction are poorly understood. More importantly, currently there is no reliable metric to allow clinicians the ability to diagnose cardiac dysfunction. There is a greater need than ever for more accurate and robust diagnostic tools with the increasing number of deaths caused by this disease. Color M-mode (CMM) echocardiography is a technique that is commonly used in the diagnosis of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD) and is used as the image modality in this work. The motivation for the current work is a hypothesized change in the mechanism driving early diastolic filling. The early filling wave of a healthy patient is driven by a rapid early diastolic relaxation creating a pressure difference within the left ventricle despite the fact the left ventricular volume is increasing. As diastolic dysfunction progresses, the left ventricular relaxation declines and it is hypothesized that the left atrial pressure rises to create the favorable pressure difference needed to drive early diastole. This changes the mechanism driving early diastolic filling from a pulling mechanism primary driven by left ventricular relaxation to a pushing mechanism primarily driven by high left atrial pressure. Within this study, CMM echocardiography images from 125 patients spanning healthy and the three stages of LVDD are analyzed using a newly developed automated algorithm. For the first time, a series of isovelocity contours is utilized to estimate the conventional propagation velocity. A critical point within the early filling wave is quantified as the point of early filling velocity deceleration. The clinically used propagation velocity is compared to a novel critical point propagation velocity calculated as a weighted average of the propagation velocities before and after the critical point showing an increase in the correlation between decreasing diastolic dysfunction stage and decreasing propagation velocity. For the first time the spatial pressure distributions calculated as the pressure relative to the mitral valve pressure at each location from the mitral valve to the ventricular apex, are quantified and analyzed at the instant of peak mitral to apical pressure difference for patients with varying stages of LVDD. The analysis of the spatial pressure distribution revealed three filling regions present in all patients. The pressure filling regions were used to calculate a useful filling efficiency with healthy patients having a useful filling efficiency of 64.8 ± 12.7% and severely diseased filling patients having an efficiency of 37.1 ± 12.1%. The newly introduced parameters and analysis of the CMM echocardiography data supports the hypothesis of a change in the mechanism driving early diastolic efficiency by displaying a decline in the early diastolic propagation velocity earlier into the left ventricle for severely diseased patients than for healthy filling patients and a premature breakup of the progressive pressure gradient fueling early diastolic filling in severely diseased patients. / Master of Science Propagation Velocity Color M-Mode Echocardiography Useful Filling Efficiency Spatial Pressure Distribution
5	Méthodes ultrasons laser pour la caractérisation locale d’aciers polycristallins / Laser ultrasonic methods for polyrystalline steel characterization Gasteau, Damien 24 November 2016 (has links) Les ultrasons laser font partie des techniques expérimentales d'inspection en développement pour des problématiques de contrôle non destructif toujours plus exigeantes. Ces méthodes sans contact permettent dans notre cas de générer et détecter des ondes de surface se propageant sur des distances de quelques dizaines de microns.L'objectif de cette thèse est de mettre au point et tester une méthode ultrasons lasers pour l'étude d'échantillons d'aciers polycristallins. En effet ces matériaux à la base d'un ensemble de pièces manufacturées sont composés d'une multitudes de cristaux anisotropes de tailles et d'orientations variables. Parmi les paramètres physiques d'intérêt l'évaluation des constantes élastiques ainsi que la détermination de texturations sont des facteurs essentiels dans toute application CND et leur simulation numérique. Dans un premier temps, les variations de vitesses de propagation dues à l'anisotropie et aux l'orientation différentes des cristaux sont mesurées grâce au montage expérimental en surface d'échantillons d'acier austénitique. Les résultats sont exploités sous la forme de distributions statistiques de vitesses de propagation et un protocole d'inversion est proposé pour l'évaluation des constantes élastiques. Dans une seconde partie, un échantillon d'acier moulé présentant de larges macrograins est analysé pour la mise en évidence de sous-structures au sein d'un milieu biphasique.Finalement un échantillon de soudure possédant une texturation typique avec grains allongés est étudié et la présence d'une orientation préférentielle est soulignée. / Laser ultrasonics are among the most interesting experimental technics to answer the need of industrials in NDT applications. These non contact methods allow to generate and detect elastic surface wave propagating on typical distances of several tens of microns.The main objective of this thesis is to test laser ultrasonics methods for polycristalline steel study. These materials are composed of several anisotropic crystals with differents sizes and orientations. Among the essential parameters to describe such material, the determination of elastic parameters and texturations are key to good understanting and for the modelisation of material in NDT studies.In a first part, velocities variations due to elastic anisotropy and crystalline orientation of grains is assessed by measuring surface acoustic wave velocity. The experimental results are used in the form of statistical distribution of velocity combined with a numerical model to evaluate elastic parameters.Stainless casted steel is a complex material presenting large biphasic grains. They are here studied to show the presence of sub-structures.Finally, a weld sample presenting typical structuration of ellongated grains is studied to show the presence of preferential orientation. Ultrasons laser Ondes de surface Polycristaux Distribution de vitesse de propagation Laser ultrasonics Surface Acoustic wave Polycrystal Propagation velocity distribution 620.112 74
6	Localisation automatique des aciers et caractérisation de la teneur en eau du béton armé par radar double-offset à grand rendement / Automatic localization of rebars and characterization of the water content of reinforced concrete using high performance double-offset GPR Agred, Kahina 10 October 2017 (has links) Les budgets destinés à l'entretien et à la réparation du patrimoine bâti étant très élevés, il est primordial de mettre en place des techniques fiables de suivi et de diagnostic des ouvrages pour réduire ces dépenses. Il existe de nombreuses techniques de contrôle non destructif (CND) employant différentes technologies à des coûts plus ou moins abordables. Elles permettent la détermination des propriétés du matériau renseignant sur l'état de l'ouvrage, et la détection d'inclusions ou de défauts dans le béton. Ces techniques sont connues pour leur rapidité de mise en œuvre et leur grand rendement sur site, mais aussi par leur caractère non intrusif qui permet de limiter le nombre de prélèvements. Cela les rend pertinentes pour la surveillance et l'inspection du patrimoine bâti, puisqu'elles peuvent fournir des informations liées à l'état d'un ouvrage sans l'endommager. Dans un ouvrage en béton armé, la couche d'enrobage des armatures est la plus sujette à de multiples agressions. C'est dans cette couche qu'ont lieu la majorité des réactions chimiques qui causent la dégradation de l'ouvrage, puisqu'avec la présence d'eau cet enrobage est considéré comme la zone de pénétration, de transfert et de fixation des agents agressifs présents dans l'environnement de l'ouvrage, favorisant par exemple la corrosion des armatures. La teneur en eau du béton est considérée comme un facteur très important dans le diagnostic des structures en béton armé, puisqu'elle conditionne le développement de la plupart des pathologies liées à la dégradation des structures affectant ainsi la durabilité du béton. La localisation avec précision des aciers de renforcement est également un élément primordial pour le diagnostic, mais également pour vérifier la conformité des dispositions constructives par rapport aux plans d'exécution. Dans ces travaux de recherche, nous utilisons la technologie radar pour la caractérisation géométrique et physique des éléments en béton armé, cela par le développement d'un algorithme automatique, rapide et sans prérequis. Les objectifs de cette étude sont : de localiser en surface et en profondeur les aciers du premier lit d'armatures, et de déterminer la vitesse de propagation des ondes électromagnétiques dans le béton d'enrobage pour estimer sa teneur en eau. / Since budgets for the maintenance and repair of built heritage structures are very high, it is essential to implement reliable techniques for monitoring and diagnosis of structures to reduce these costs. There are many non-destructive testing (NDT) methods employing different technologies which are more or less expensive. The NDT methods allow the determination of the properties of the material giving also information about the condition of the structure, and the detection of inclusions or defects in the concrete. These techniques are known for their fast implementation and their high performance in-situ, but also by their non-intrusive nature, which makes it possible to limit the number of samples for destructive assessment. This makes them relevant for the monitoring and inspection of built heritage, since they can provide information related to the condition of a structure without any damage. In a reinforced concrete structure, the concrete cover is the most prone to multiple aggressions. The majority of the chemical reactions which cause the degradation of the structure occur in this layer, since with the presence of water this coating is considered as the penetration, transfer and fixing zone of aggressive agents present in the environment of the structure, thus enhancing for example the corrosion of the reinforcements. The water content of concrete is considered as a very important factor in the diagnosis of reinforced concrete structures, since it conditions the development of most pathologies related to structural degradation, thus affecting the durability of concrete. The precise location of the reinforcement in the construction is also an essential element for the diagnosis, but also to check the conformity of the constructive dispositions with the execution plans. In this research, we use GPR technology for the geometrical and physical characterization of reinforced concrete elements, through the development of an automatic algorithm, fast and without pre-requisites. The objectives of this study are to locate the rebars of the first reinforcing layer in the plane and depth and to determine the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic waves in the coating layer to estimate the water content of concrete. CND Radar Béton Localisation des armatures Teneur en eau NDT GPR Concrete Reinforcement localization Water content
7	Analýza seismického rychlostního pole / Analysis of the seismic velocity field Kratochvíl, Pavel January 2014 (has links) Seismic velocities are an important prerequisite for seismic processing as a method for hydrocarbons accumulations detection. Seismic velocities are often displayed for mutual comparing, improvement checking, they are filtrated and recalculated for its different characteristic determination. This work deals with basic seismic propagation laws, the meaning of velocities in different stages of seismic processing and this theoretical background is followed by a proposition of method for calculating and displaying of stack velocities.
8	Etude de l'influence de la dilution du combustible et de l'oxydant dans le processus de décrochage de flammes-jet non-prémélangées et l'émission de polluants / Study of the influence of air-side and fuel-side dilution on the lifting process of an attached non-premixed jet-flame and on pollutant emissions Marin Ospina, Yohan Manuel 17 November 2016 (has links) La compréhension des mécanismes pilotes de la stabilisation des flammes-jet non-prémélangées constitue un point clé dans la caractérisation des modes opératoires des brûleurs industriels fonctionnant en régime de combustion diluée. Ce travail porte son attention sur l'étude expérimentale de l'influence de la dilution du combustible ou de l'air, sur le processus de décrochage et l'émission des polluants d'une flamme-jet non-prémélangée accrochée au brûleur. L'investigation est menée via un grand nombre d'expériences par combinaison des conditions suivantes : i) dioxyde de carbone (CO2), azote (N2), argon (Ar) et vapeur d'eau (H2Ov), sont utilisés comme diluants ; ii) deux configurations de dilution : dilution de l'air ou dilution du combustible ; iii) un couple de vitesses d'air et de combustible couvrant le domaine d'hystérésis de la flamme dans sa totalité, du régime de jet laminaire à celui de jet turbulent. Ceci permet de discriminer l'influence des effets intrinsèques à la nature du diluant de celle de l'aérodynamique des réactants (combustible et oxydant), dans la stabilité de la flamme accrochée. En particulier, les différences comportementales de la réponse de la flamme à la dilution de l'air ou à celle du combustible, sont analysées. Ces deux configurations de dilution diffèrent par deux effets de mélange, indépendants de la réaction, qui jouent un rôle important dans le cas de la dilution du combustible, mais sont négligeables dans le cas de celle de l'air : i) un effet dû à la modification de la fraction de mélange stœchiométrique. ii) un impact mécanique induit par l'apport de matière (diluants) responsable d'une augmentation de la vitesse des réactants. L'étude se divise en trois principales étapes. D'abord la réponse globale de la flamme à la dilution est étudiée via ses limites de décrochage quantifiées par les fractions molaires critiques des diluants dans l'oxydant ou dans le combustible, mesurées au décrochage. Le nombre de Peclet du combustible, Pef, est identifié comme le nombre adimensionnel qui ordonne ces limites de décrochage de manière homothétique pour tous les diluants. Grâce au comportement homothétique deux coefficients d'affinité, Kd,ox pour le cas de la dilution de l'air et Kd,f pour celle du combustible, sont introduits. Ils sont définis comme le rapport entre la limite de décrochage obtenue avec un diluant et celle obtenue avec le CO2 , à Pef = cste. Ceux-ci permettent l'établissement de deux polynômes génériques décrivant les limites de décrochage pour tous les diluants testés et dans toute la gamme des conditions aérodynamiques étudiées. En effet, Kd,ox et Kd,f englobent l'ensemble des effets physico-chimiques d'un diluant (dilution pure, thermique, propriétés de transport, chimie) et ceux des impacts mécaniques, affectant la stabilité de la flamme. Ils permettent de trouver les lois d'auto-similitude au décrochage pour un diluant chimiquement faible quelconque, à partir des résultats obtenus dans ce travail. Ensuite, une étude locale et détaillée du processus de décrochage induit par la dilution est réalisée. Celui-ci se base sur l'approche du bout propagatif décrivant la stabilité de la flamme accrochée comme résultant d'un équilibre à sa base entre la vitesse de l'écoulement et la vitesse de propagation. Afin de démontrer le lien entre cette approche et la stabilité de la flamme, une analyse approfondie des caractéristiques de sa base (localisation, intensité du radical CH* et champ de vitesses) est réalisée. Les résultats confirment la pertinence de l'approche du bout propagatif, comme mécanisme descriptif de la stabilisation de la flamme accrochée en présence de dilution. Enfin, une étude caractérisant aussi bien l'influence de la nature des diluants que celle de la configuration de dilution choisie (air ou combustible), sur l'émission des polluants (suies, NOx et CO), est présentée. / Understanding the main mechanisms piloting non-premixed jet flame stability is an important point in characterizing the operation modes of industrials burners in which dilution is involved. This work puts special emphasis on the experimental study of the influence of air-side and methane-side dilution in the lifting process of attached non-premixed jet flames. The study is based on numerous experiments combining the following conditions : i) carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), argon (Ar) or water vapor (H20v,) used as diluents d ; ii) two diluted configurations : air-side or methane-side dilution ; iii) two air and fuel velocities covering the entire flame hysteresis domain, from the laminar to the turbulent regime. This allows the influence of the intrinsic diluent nature effects to be discriminated from those of the aerodynamics of the reactants (fuel and oxidant), in attached flame stability. In particular, the behavioral differences of the flame response to air-side or to fuel-side dilution are analyzed. These two configurations differ by two mixing effects which are independent of the combustion reaction, and which are significant when the fuel is diluted, but negligible when air is diluted : i) an effect due to the changes in the stoichiometric mixture fraction ; ii) a mechanical impact induced by the addition of matter (diluents) producing an increase in the bulk velocity of the reactants. The study is composed of three parts. First, the global flame response to dilution is analyzed on the basis of the lifting limits defined as the critical molar fractions of the diluents in the fuel or in the oxidant measured at liftoff. The fuel Peclet number, Pef, appears as the dimensionless number which puts these limits in a homothetic order. This homothetic behavior allows the introduction of two affinity parameters, Kd,ox for air-side dilution and Kd,f for fuel-side dilution. They are defined by the ratio of the flame lifting limits calculated with a diluent d and with CO2, at Pef=const. Kd,ox and Kd, allow two generic polynomial laws to be established describing the flame lifting limits for all the diluents and in the whole range of aerodynamic conditions of this study. Indeed, Kd,ox and Kd,f encompass all the diluent effects affecting flame stability (pure dilution, thermal, transport, chemical), to which mechanical impacts are added. These coefficients make it possible to obtain the self-similarity laws of the lifting limits for any chemically-weak diluent, by using the results obtained in this work. Then, a local and detailed study of the flame lifting process induced by dilution is presented. This is based on the flame-leading-edge approach describing flame stability as a result of the balance between the incoming gas velocity of the reactants and the flame propagation velocity at the flame base. In order to show the link between this approach and flame stability, an extensive analysis of the flame-base characteristics (location, CH* emission intensity and velocity field) is carried out. The results attest to the pertinence of the propagative flame-leading-edge, as the mechanism describing the attached flame stability under dilution. Finally, a study concerning the influence of both the diluent nature and the diluted configuration (air or fuel) on pollutant emissions (soot, NOx and CO) is presented. Flamme-jet non-prémélangée accrochée Dilution de l'air Dilution par le CO2,N2, Ar et H2Ov Bout propagatif de flamme Rayon d’accrochage Processus de décrochage Limite de décrochage Nombre de Peclet PIV , LII et chemiluminesence-CH* Attached non-premixed jet-flame Fuel dilution Air dilution CO2, N2, Ar and H2Ov dilution Propagation leading-edge Attachment height Attachment radius Lifting process Lifting limits Peclet number Flame propagation velocity
9	Gesteinsmechanische Versuche und petrophysikalische Untersuchungen – Laborergebnisse und numerische Simulationen Baumgarten, Lars 26 May 2016 (has links) (PDF) Dreiaxiale Druckprüfungen können als Einstufenversuche, als Mehrstufenversuche oder als Versuche mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen ausgeführt werden. Bei der Anwendung der Mehrstufentechnik ergeben sich insbesondere Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der richtigen Wahl des Umschaltpunktes und des optimalen Verlaufs des Spannungspfades zwischen den einzelnen Versuchsstufen. Fraglich beim Versuch mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen bleibt, ob im Versuchsverlauf tatsächlich Spannungszustände erfasst werden, welche die Höchstfestigkeit des untersuchten Materials repräsentieren. Die Dissertation greift diese Fragestellungen auf, ermöglicht den Einstieg in die beschriebene Thematik und schafft die Voraussetzungen, die zur Lösung der aufgeführten Problemstellungen notwendig sind. Auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen Datenbasis gesteinsmechanischer und petrophysikalischer Kennwerte wurde ein numerisches Modell entwickelt, welches das Spannungs-Verformungs-, Festigkeits- und Bruchverhalten eines Sandsteins im direkten Zug- und im einaxialen Druckversuch sowie in dreiaxialen Druckprüfungen zufriedenstellend wiedergibt. Das Festigkeitsverhalten des entwickelten Modells wurde in Mehrstufentests mit unterschiedlichen Spannungspfaden analysiert und mit den entsprechenden Laborbefunden verglichen. Gesteinsprobe Prüfkörper Postaer Sandstein Laborprüfungen Petrophysikalische Untersuchungen Einaxialer Druckversuch Dreiaxialer Kompressionsversuch Einstufentest Mehrstufentechnik Spannungspfad Kontinuierliche Bruchzustände Continuous-Failure-State-Triaxial-Test Zugfestigkeitsprüfungen Scherversuch Spaltzugversuch Biegezugversuch Belastungsrichtung Ultraschalllaufzeitmessung Dehnwellen-Resonanzverfahren Kathodolumineszenz-Mikroskopie Gesteinkenngrößen Gesteinsmechanische Parameter Rohdichte Reindichte Porosität Dünnschliffanalyse Sphärizität Korngrößenverteilung Festigkeitskennwerte Höchstfestigkeit Spitzenfestigkeit Restfestigkeit Anisotropie Arbeitskurven Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten Nachbruch Bruchbilder Verformungskennwerte Statischer Elastizitätsmodul Dynamischer Elastizitätsmodul Verformungsmodul Querdehnungszahl Impuls-Laufzeit Wellen-Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit Numerische Modellierung Simulationsrechnung PFC-3D Kugelmodell Clump Partikelarrangement Parameterkalibrierung Parallel Bond Mikrobruch Rissausbreitung elastische Wellen rock sample test specimen sandstone uniaxial compression test triaxial compression test unconfined compression test multiple failure state test continuous failure state test tensile splitting strength shear test bending test pulse velocity ultrasonic elastic constants Young’s modulus of elasticity modulus of deformation Poisson’s ratio post failure stress-strain behaviour real density apparent density grain-size distribution porosity flexural strength peak strength residual strength anisotropy fracture pattern micro-crack pulse-propagation velocity clump sphere model parallel bond crack propagation numerical modelling simulation elastic wave PFC-3D parameter calibration particle arrangement ddc:624 Posta Sandstein Gesteinsprobe Mechanische Eigenschaft Petrophysik Elastizität Werkstein Druckversuch Zugversuch Kennzahl Experiment Numerisches Modell
10	Gesteinsmechanische Versuche und petrophysikalische Untersuchungen – Laborergebnisse und numerische Simulationen Baumgarten, Lars 25 November 2015 (has links) Dreiaxiale Druckprüfungen können als Einstufenversuche, als Mehrstufenversuche oder als Versuche mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen ausgeführt werden. Bei der Anwendung der Mehrstufentechnik ergeben sich insbesondere Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der richtigen Wahl des Umschaltpunktes und des optimalen Verlaufs des Spannungspfades zwischen den einzelnen Versuchsstufen. Fraglich beim Versuch mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen bleibt, ob im Versuchsverlauf tatsächlich Spannungszustände erfasst werden, welche die Höchstfestigkeit des untersuchten Materials repräsentieren. Die Dissertation greift diese Fragestellungen auf, ermöglicht den Einstieg in die beschriebene Thematik und schafft die Voraussetzungen, die zur Lösung der aufgeführten Problemstellungen notwendig sind. Auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen Datenbasis gesteinsmechanischer und petrophysikalischer Kennwerte wurde ein numerisches Modell entwickelt, welches das Spannungs-Verformungs-, Festigkeits- und Bruchverhalten eines Sandsteins im direkten Zug- und im einaxialen Druckversuch sowie in dreiaxialen Druckprüfungen zufriedenstellend wiedergibt. Das Festigkeitsverhalten des entwickelten Modells wurde in Mehrstufentests mit unterschiedlichen Spannungspfaden analysiert und mit den entsprechenden Laborbefunden verglichen. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/624 ddc:624

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