This thesis proposes that an investigation into the phenomenon of doubling may engage architecture with a type of desire that has deep rooted connections with the complexities of human nature, with the very human condition of desiring to know who/what/where/when/how we are. It proposes that an experience of doubling is suggestive of a specific kind of affective space that tests this relationship, expanding into the interval we have formed between our body, its being and space. The proposal is to explore the material, spatial, and psychological characteristics of such a phenomenon - to understand the virtual space created through this doubling and its architectonic characteristics. The design ambition of this thesis is to construct an architectural fiction that engages with this doubling. If architecture has the capacity to embody the ambitions and anxieties of society, the work produced attempts to invoke, through choreographed doublings manifested by the movement of figure and light through constructions in time, that human condition of desire that is concerned with finding/defining itself in the unknown, not to provide an answer for what the unknown is, but to engage with its enigmatic nature. By engaging in the protean dynamics of doubling and desire, this thesis attempts to poeticize the interval between the body and its built environment.

Enlightenment philosophers had long feared the effects of crisscrossing boundaries, both real and imagined. Such fears were based on what they considered a brutal ocean space frequented by protean shape-shifters with a dogma of ruthless exploitation and profit. This intellectual study outlines the formation and fragmentation of a fluctuating worldview as experienced through the circum-Atlantic life and travels of merchant, slaveowner, and slave trader Zephaniah Kingsley during the Era of Revolution. It argues that the process began from experiencing the costs of loyalty to the idea of the British Crown and was tempered by the pervasiveness of violence, mobility, anxiety, and adaptation found in the booming Atlantic markets of the Caribbean during the Haitian Revolution. Tracing Kingsley’s manipulations of identity and race through his peripatetic journey serves to go beyond the infinite masks of his self-invention and exposes the deeply imbedded transatlantic dimensions of power.

Enlightenment philosophers had long feared the effects of crisscrossing boundaries, both real and imagined. Such fears were based on what they considered a brutal ocean space frequented by protean shape-shifters with a dogma of ruthless exploitation and profit. This intellectual study outlines the formation and fragmentation of a fluctuating worldview as experienced through the circum-Atlantic life and travels of merchant, slaveowner, and slave trader Zephaniah Kingsley during the Era of Revolution. It argues that the process began from experiencing the costs of loyalty to the idea of the British Crown and was tempered by the pervasiveness of violence, mobility, anxiety, and adaptation found in the booming Atlantic markets of the Caribbean during the Haitian Revolution. Tracing Kingsley’s manipulations of identity and race through his peripatetic journey serves to go beyond the infinite masks of his self-invention and exposes the deeply imbedded transatlantic dimensions of power.

As transformações do ambiente de negócios nas últimas décadas, e principalmente nos últimos anos, têm se mostrado muito intensas no setor Saúde globalmente, com reflexos significativos também no Brasil, e tem alterado profundamente o modo como os profissionais da Saúde desenvolvem suas carreiras em um cenário de competitividade. Cada vez mais o diferencial competitivo das organizações de cuidados à Saúde se baseia em capacidades organizacionais fundamentadas em fatores intangíveis diretamente relacionados às atitudes e competências desempenhadas pelos recursos humanos da organização. Por isso, como ocorre com outras organizações de serviços, as organizações de cuidados à Saúde podem desenvolver vantagem competitiva através de uma administração eficaz dos seus recursos humanos, especialmente dos seus líderes. Pesquisas que ampliem o conhecimento sobre as atitudes de carreiras dos gestores das organizações de Saúde podem ser críticas para o aperfeiçoamento dessas organizações na nova economia, que é o ambiente no qual ocorre o desenvolvimento das novas carreiras. A carreira proteana é um dos modelos de carreira subjetiva mais difundidos entre estudiosos das novas carreiras e corresponde a duas dimensões fundamentais de atitudes de carreira: atitudes de carreira autodirigida e atitudes de carreira dirigida por valores pessoais. Adicionalmente, o capital psicológico é uma forma de capital intangível que tem despertado a atenção de acadêmicos da Psicologia Positiva e do Comportamento Organizacional Positivo, devido às evidências de associação do mesmo com indicadores de desempenho organizacional. Considerando a relevância e a necessidade de estudos nacionais empíricos, tanto sobre atitudes de carreira proteana, quanto sobre capital psicológico de gestores da Saúde, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo investigar a influência das atitudes de carreira proteana no capital psicológico dos gestores da Saúde. Para tanto, foi realizada a pesquisa em uma organização de cuidados à Saúde, caracterizada como uma federação de cooperativas médicas. O estudo foi descritivo, quantitativo e a coleta de dados foi realizada através de uma survey eletrônica que teve como base escalas validadas nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil (escala de atitudes de carreira proteana e questionário de capital psicológico). A amostra não probabilística e intencional foi formada por 250 gestores. Os resultados das análises fatoriais e dos alfas de Cronbach afirmaram a validade e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos utilizados para amostra estudada. Os resultados da ANOVA e da análise discriminante demonstraram que as atitudes de carreira autodirigida são um preditor para o capital psicológico. Com isso, esta pesquisa contribui para a literatura sobre carreira proteana de gestores da Saúde de várias maneiras: ao testar o impacto das atitudes de carreira proteana no capital psicológico, oferecendo suporte empírico que demonstra a influência das atitudes de carreira autodirigida no capital psicológico de gestores de uma organização de cuidados à Saúde no Brasil; ao estudar as atitudes de carreira proteana em gestores da Saúde, contextualizando-as no âmbito da Saúde na nova economia; ao adaptar e validar o questionário de capital psicológico para o português do Brasil; ao validar a escala de atitudes de carreira proteana e o questionário de capital psicológico para uso em gestores da Saúde; e, por fim, ao refletir sobre o referencial da Psicologia Positiva na pesquisa sobre atitudes de carreira proteana. / Changes in the business environment in the last decades, and especially in the recent years, have been very intense in the Health sector globally, with significant impact also in Brazil, and has changed deeply how Health sector workers develop their careers in a competitive scenario. Increasingly, competitive advantage of Health care organizations is based on organizational capabilities related to intangible factors directly linked to the attitudes and skills performed by human resources of the organization. Therefore, as with other service organizations, Health care organizations can develop competitive advantage through effective human resources management, especially of their leaders. Researches that advance the scientific knowledge about the Health care managers\' career attitudes can be critical to the improvement of these organizations in the new economy, which is the environment where new careers develop. Protean career is one of the most widespread subjective career model among new careers scholars and corresponds to two fundamental dimensions of career attitudes: self-directed career attitudes and values-driven career attitudes. Additionally, psychological capital is a form of capital that has attracted scholars\' attention from Positive Psychology and Positive Organizational Behavior, due to evidences of its association to organizational performance indicators. Considering the importance and the need for empirical national studies on both Health sector managers\' protean career attitudes and psychological capital, this thesis was aimed to investigate the influence of protean career attitudes on psychological capital of Health sector managers. For this purpose, research was carried in a Health care organization, characterized as a federation of medical cooperatives. This study was descriptive and quantitative; data collection was carried out through an electronic survey that was based on validated scales for American and Brazilian populations (protean career attitudes scale and psychological capital questionnaire). The probabilistic and intentional sample was formed by 250 managers. Results of the factor analysis and Cronbach\'s alphas confirmed validity and reliability of the instruments for the studied sample. ANOVA and discriminant analysis results showed self-directed career attitudes are a predictor of psychological capital. Thus, this study contributes to the literature on Healthcare managers\' protean career in several ways, by: testing the impact of protean career attitudes on psychological capital, providing empirical support that demonstrates the influence of self-directed career attitudes on Healthcare managers\' psychological capital; studying Healthcare managers\' protean career attitudes, contextualizing them within the Healthcare sector in the new economy; adapting and validating the psychological capital questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese; validating protean career attitudes scale and psychological capital questionnaire for use in Healthcare sector managers; and, finally, by reflecting on the Positive Psychology framework applied to the research on protean career attitudes.

No description available.

Os estudos sobre gestão de carreira, quer sejam no âmbito organizacional ou individual, são algo recente na literatura. Atualmente, entende-se que a responsabilidade pela gestão da carreira é das pessoas e que a sua consolidação ocorre ao longo das experiências de vida pessoal e profissional. Com as mudanças originadas pela globalização, novas tecnologias e aumento da competitividade, o contrato psicológico de trabalho migrou de um modelo de emprego vitalício para um modelo de independência e autonomia, onde o indivíduo é responsável pela gestão e desenvolvimento de sua própria carreira. Essas mudanças influenciaram os conceito de carreira e demandaram o desenvolvimento de teorias que considerassem aspectos relacionados à mobilidade, à busca de um sentido para o trabalho e ao sucesso psicológico, tais como a carreira sem fronteiras e a carreira proteana. Considerando a escassez e a necessidade de estudos empíricos no Brasil acerca do tema, o presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo identificar e analisar se a atitude de carreira de universitários tem relação com as novas teorias de carreira. O perfil de carreira agrupa os indivíduos de acordo com a presença de atitudes de carreira proteana, representada pelas dimensões autodirecionamento e orientação pelos valores, e de atitudes de carreira sem fronteiras, representada pelas dimensões mobilidade psicológica e mobilidade física. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva, com características quantitativa e qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada através da aplicação de um questionário, cujas escalas foram validadas nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, bem como pela realização de entrevistas. A amostra é não probabilística e intencional e foi formada por 140 estudantes de graduação da Faculdade de Administração, Economia e Contabilidade da USP. A validação da escala de atitude de carreira foi feita a partir da análise da confiabilidade e consistência interna do instrumento de pesquisa, com base no software SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Os resultados obtidos através da técnica de análise fatorial foram satisfatórios no que tange à confiabilidade, utilizado o software SPSS. Com base nos dados estatísticos, os escores gerais de carreiras proteana e sem fronteiras apresentaram uma relação positiva, indicando a existência de uma correlação geral entre os dois modelos de carreira para a amostra deste estudo. Os resultados desta pesquisa, no geral, apontam a presença de direcionamento pelos valores, autodirecionamento da carreira, mobilidades física e psicológica, indicando que os respondentes apresentam atitudes de carreiras favoráveis para enfrentar as mudanças exigidas pelo mercado de trabalho. Estas atitudes são mais relevantes para os que fizeram a disciplina Gestão de Carreira, o que também foi confirmado pelas entrevistas. Com isso, conclui-se ser relevante discutir a gestão de carreira no início da carreira profissional desses jovens discentes, que estão entrando no mercado de trabalho. Para esses jovens, essas novas carreiras são uma realidade, ainda que se verifique se tratar de um movimento, não podendo ser ainda considerado como fato para todos os indivíduos pesquisados. Acompanhar a trajetória profissional desses alunos, ampliando a pesquisa com outras variáveis, agregará ao estudo um maior detalhamento sobre as inclinações de carreiras desses indivíduos. Ainda, as discussões deste trabalho, além de contribuírem para as reflexões acerca do assunto gestão de carreira no Brasil, abrem portas para pesquisas com egressos que estejam no mercado de trabalho há mais tempo, ampliando a discussão dos resultados de correlação entre os modelos de carreira proteana e sem fronteiras. / Studies on career management, whether organizational or individual, are something new in literature. Currently, it is understood that the responsibility for the career management is of the person and that its consolidation takes place over the experiences of personal and professional life. With the changes arising from globalization, new technologies and increased competition, the work\'s psychological contract migrated from a lifetime employment model to an independence and autonomy model, where the individual is responsible for the management and development of his own career. These changes influenced the concept of career and demanded the development of theories that consider aspects related to mobility, the search of a meaning to work and psychological success, such as boundaryless career and protean career. Considering the scarcity and the need for empirical studies in Brazil on the subject, this study aimed to identify and analyze if the career atitude of university students is related to the new career theories. The career profile groups the individuals according to the presence of protean career attitudes, represented by self-direction dimensions and values orientation, and attitudes of a boundaryless career, represented by the dimensions of psychological mobility and physical mobility. This is a descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative characteristics. Data collection was performed by applying a questionnaire, whose scales were validated in the United States and Brazil, as well as conducting interviews. The sample is not probabilistic and intentional and was formed by 140 undergraduate students of USP\'s School of Business, Economics and Accounting. The validation of the career attitude scale was made by the analysis of reliability and internal consistency of the survey instrument based on SPSS - Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The results obtained through the factorial analysis technique were satisfactory in terms of reliability, using the SPSS software. Based on statistics, the overall scoresof protean careers and boundaryless career presented a positive relation, indicating the existence of a general correlation between the two career models for this study\'s sample. Theresults of this research, in general, indicate the presence of targeting by values, career selfdirection, physical and psychological mobility, indicating that respondents have career attitudes favorable to face the changes required by the labor market. These attitudes are more relevant to those who made the Career Management discipline, which was also confirmed by interviews. Thereby, it is concluded to be relevant to discuss career management at the beginning of the career of these young students, who are entering the labor market. For these young people, these new careers are a reality, even if it is verified to be a movement, and can not be considered as a fact for all individuals surveyed. Follow the career path of these students, expanding research with other variables, will add to the study greater details on the slopes careers of these individuals. The discussions of this work, besides contributing to the reflections on the career management business in Brazil, opens doors for research with graduates who are in the labor market longer, expanding the discussion of correlation results between protean and boundaryless career models.

Evidence that positively disposed employees are inclined to experience greater loyalty to the organisation and fewer intentions to quit may be underestimated. The present study investigated the role that the individual’s career attitude plays in the relationship between positive psychological capital (a composite variable based on hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism) and subsequent loyalty to the organisation. An online survey was administered to New Zealand employees across five distinct industries. Regression analyses on a sample of 518 confirmed that a self-directed and values-driven approach to career management mediates the relationship between psychological capital and affective commitment to the organisation and turnover intentions. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for individual and organisational activities and recommendations for future research are provided.

China is growing as an economic power leading to more and more foreign organizations taking the opportunity of its future potential and hence opening up their subsidies there. Companies nowadays, have several options when it comes to what type of workforce they should recruit. Self-Initiated Expatriates (SIEs) are a growing group in the international workforce who goes to work in another country on their own initiative as compared to the traditional expatriates that are sent by companies. Our literature research indicated that SIEs are perceived as a group of people who lack organizational commitment and tend to switch jobs often, which makes organizations reluctant to employ and invest in them.Inspired by this, we have a performed a study, which investigated SIEs’ experiences in China. The purpose of the study was to develop recommendations for organizations on how to better leverage SIEs as human resource. To fulfill the purpose of our thesis, we conducted a qualitative study, where we interviewed ten Westerners who currently had a job or previously had been employed in China. Our empirical findings revealed that SIEs perceive themselves as developing better cross-cultural skills and improving their language proficiency more than traditional expatriates as well as being much cheaper to employ. They do however need challenges, freedom and career development possibilities in order to stay satisfied. The failure to provide these from the company side results in them quitting their job or if the costs of quitting are too high, they stay on but performing only what they absolutely have to. As for the existing definitions, we found that a definition that only includes individuals with clear plans of return is not suitable since some SIEs have a “for now” mindset and only considering SIEs who intend to leave in the near future might lead to an overrepresentation of “failed” SIEs in the population. A more suitable definition should allow for less definite plans for staying in the host country.

A Reflexividade é uma natureza humana universal que caracteriza os seres humanos da mesma maneira genérica em qualquer época e lugar. Esta dissertação investigou o processo reflexivo de profissionais no contexto da carreira contemporânea. Para tanto foram realizados cinco estudos. O primeiro revisou artigos relacionados às carreiras proteanas e sem-fronteiras publicados nos últimos dez anos. O segundo apresentou e explorou as qualidades psicométricas da Escala de Reflexividade. O terceiro consistiu na validação das escalas de Atitudes de Carreira Proteanas e de Atitudes de Carreira Sem-fronteira. O quarto investigou correlações entre os estilos de carreira, a reflexividade e os valores organizacionais e comparou diferentes grupos. Finalmente, o quinto estudo investigou a relação entre estilos reflexivos e as atitudes de carreira proteanas e sem-fronteiras. / Reflexivity is a universal human nature that characterizes human beings in the same general way at any time and place. This thesis investigates the reflexive process of professionals in the context of contemporary careers. Therefore, five studies were conducted. The first study revised articles related to protean and boundaryless careers published in the last ten years. The second, proposed and explored the psychometric properties of the Reflexivity Scale. The third involved the validation of the Protean Career Attitudes Scale and of the Boundaryless Career Attitudes Scale. The fourth study investigated correlations between career styles, reflexivity and organizational values, and compared different groups. Finally, the fifth study investigated the relationship between different styles of reflexivity and the implementation of protean and boundaryless career attitudes.

A Reflexividade é uma natureza humana universal que caracteriza os seres humanos da mesma maneira genérica em qualquer época e lugar. Esta dissertação investigou o processo reflexivo de profissionais no contexto da carreira contemporânea. Para tanto foram realizados cinco estudos. O primeiro revisou artigos relacionados às carreiras proteanas e sem-fronteiras publicados nos últimos dez anos. O segundo apresentou e explorou as qualidades psicométricas da Escala de Reflexividade. O terceiro consistiu na validação das escalas de Atitudes de Carreira Proteanas e de Atitudes de Carreira Sem-fronteira. O quarto investigou correlações entre os estilos de carreira, a reflexividade e os valores organizacionais e comparou diferentes grupos. Finalmente, o quinto estudo investigou a relação entre estilos reflexivos e as atitudes de carreira proteanas e sem-fronteiras. / Reflexivity is a universal human nature that characterizes human beings in the same general way at any time and place. This thesis investigates the reflexive process of professionals in the context of contemporary careers. Therefore, five studies were conducted. The first study revised articles related to protean and boundaryless careers published in the last ten years. The second, proposed and explored the psychometric properties of the Reflexivity Scale. The third involved the validation of the Protean Career Attitudes Scale and of the Boundaryless Career Attitudes Scale. The fourth study investigated correlations between career styles, reflexivity and organizational values, and compared different groups. Finally, the fifth study investigated the relationship between different styles of reflexivity and the implementation of protean and boundaryless career attitudes.