Economic situation in the Central Europe is to a big extent influenced by the disparities between core regions (mostly the capitals) and the rest. If the gap between cores and peripheries is still widening, local governments of peripheral regions must come up with policies to protect their economies from the globalised world. This basic statement is examined in this work using two different methods: regionalised input-output analysis (for Czech regions) trying to discover structural differences between regions and its implications, and NEG equilibrium simulation method examining agglomeration forces in the Central Europe and evaluating possible outcomes of protective policies in terms of NTBs (limiting the openness). The results confirm the agglomeration tendencies and suggest mainly two ways of effective policies: regional specialisation and investments into infrastructure, which would lower the transaction costs within the peripheral regions. NEG simulation method has serious limits due to the problematic calibration. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Ports are the foreign gateway for countries and regions, and it is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy. While embracing the economic benefits brought by port development, Chinese ports are also faced with an unprecedented number of environmental problems. The overall goal of this thesis is to explore the similarities and differences between Canadian and Chinese ports in terms of their environmental protection policies, environmental management, and environmental protection measures. The thesis also aims to sum up valuable environmental protection experiences from both countries, in an effort to provide a reference guide for environmental protection activities in China. In this paper, many research methods have been used, including a review of the literature, site inspection, expert advice and case analysis in order to explore the similarities and differences in policies, concepts and measurements of port environmental protection in Canada and China. This information will be used to define the advanced concepts, managerial methods and measurements of environmental protection in Canada that Chinese government departments and port authorities could learn from. Through this study, suggestions will be made regarding what China's port sectors can learn from Canada in the following areas: (1) connecting port authorities with relevant environmental protection experts to carry out environmental protection research; (2) expanding the scope of port environmental protection, paying attention to co-operation with other agencies to protect the environment; (3) enhancing the protection of the ecological environment of the port， (4) paying attention to public participation in the process of port environmental protection; and (5) upgrading the environmental protection management concept on the part of port managers. It will be suggested that from Canada, relevant Chinese government departments should learn to (1) promulgate operational laws and regulations related to port environmental protection; (2) set up port management institutions to improve the port environmental management; (3) clarify the role of government departments, ports and environmental regulatory authorities in the course of the environmental protection; and (4) strengthen enforcement and regulations. In addition, it will be suggested that the enhancement of public awareness regarding environmental protection be continued and that relevant laws be passed to expand the scope of public participation.

Ports are the foreign gateway for countries and regions, and it is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy. While embracing the economic benefits brought by port development, Chinese ports are also faced with an unprecedented number of environmental problems. The overall goal of this thesis is to explore the similarities and differences between Canadian and Chinese ports in terms of their environmental protection policies, environmental management, and environmental protection measures. The thesis also aims to sum up valuable environmental protection experiences from both countries, in an effort to provide a reference guide for environmental protection activities in China. In this paper, many research methods have been used, including a review of the literature, site inspection, expert advice and case analysis in order to explore the similarities and differences in policies, concepts and measurements of port environmental protection in Canada and China. This information will be used to define the advanced concepts, managerial methods and measurements of environmental protection in Canada that Chinese government departments and port authorities could learn from. Through this study, suggestions will be made regarding what China's port sectors can learn from Canada in the following areas: (1) connecting port authorities with relevant environmental protection experts to carry out environmental protection research; (2) expanding the scope of port environmental protection, paying attention to co-operation with other agencies to protect the environment; (3) enhancing the protection of the ecological environment of the port， (4) paying attention to public participation in the process of port environmental protection; and (5) upgrading the environmental protection management concept on the part of port managers. It will be suggested that from Canada, relevant Chinese government departments should learn to (1) promulgate operational laws and regulations related to port environmental protection; (2) set up port management institutions to improve the port environmental management; (3) clarify the role of government departments, ports and environmental regulatory authorities in the course of the environmental protection; and (4) strengthen enforcement and regulations. In addition, it will be suggested that the enhancement of public awareness regarding environmental protection be continued and that relevant laws be passed to expand the scope of public participation.

As a policy field, nature conservation has a problematic history. Setting aside nature forprotection has often entailed the marginalization of Indigenous peoples, their claims, and their traditional lands. Some argue that a shift is occurring in Swedish nature protection policies, from top-down governing modes to collaborative forms. The thesis critically examines the national park process in Vålådalen-Sylarna-Helags, a project unique for nature conservation in Saepmie. No national park was established despite the process’ collaborative form and the inclusion of local actors, among those three reindeer herding communities. The thesis studies discursive constructions of the local Saemie actors’ inclusion and how that affects their possible influence. Moreover, it analyzes central constructions and considers their effects on the projectand change over time. The results show that inclusion is articulated differently by state actorsand reindeer herding communities, limiting and making possible varying forms of influence. The landscape and natural state are central constructions affecting the process, and the project’s aim transforms with significant consequences for the process and possibly its result.

Abstract Introduction: Tobacco use continues to be the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the Appalachian Tennessee despite the nationwide decline in tobacco use. The main reason contributing to this nationwide decline in tobacco use is tobacco control applied to prevention, cessation and protection efforts. Evidence indicates that regions with comprehensive tobacco control policies and programs have lower tobacco use prevalence than those with fewer policies and less comprehensive programs, which is characteristic of Tennessee. Therefore, this study examines the current capacity that exists around the tobacco control protection in Appalachian Tennessee. Methods: During 2015-2016, a Population Health Improvement Plan (PHIP) study involving 222 community stakeholders and 91 organizations was conducted in Appalachian Tennessee to assess the capacity of the region in addressing the high burden of tobacco use. First, twenty (20) key informant interviews were conducted with tobacco control professionals within the eight counties in Northeast Tennessee. Afterwards, two community meetings were held in the northern and southern areas of the region with additionally identified stakeholders (n = 36) to gather input on current efforts and methods to increase community capacity for tobacco control in the region. The interviews and discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a multifaceted framework approach to tobacco control that focuses on prevention, protection and cessation. This study focuses on important themes identified related to tobacco protection for the Northeast region of Tennessee. Results: The PHIP assessment process found that most current activities around protection for tobacco control were related to national tobacco control policies such as the Non-Smokers Protection Act (NSPA). Also, differences were found between rural and urban areas in the extent of policy efforts, with better enforcement of existing policies found in more metro areas. Rural counties expressed the need for better education and awareness of current policies to help with enforcement efforts. Assessment of findings for barriers to protection/policy for tobacco control resulted in two themes; the existence of state preemption on tobacco control policies, which limits what policies local governments can enact, and the need for higher tobacco taxes. An overall barrier found for tobacco protection was a cultural tolerance of tobacco use including an intergenerational culture of use in Appalachian Tennessee. Conclusion: The Appalachian region of the US suffers disproportionately in health risks and adverse health outcomes, including tobacco-related diseases. For this reason, there is the need for comprehensive culturally-tailored and region-specific protection policies that address existing urban-rural disparities including the removal of the state preemption and increase of tax for tobacco products to effectively address the high burden of tobacco use in Appalachian Tennessee.

Darbo objektas – savanoriški susitarimai dėl energijos efektyvumo didinimo. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti savanoriškų susitarimų naudojimo patirtį kitose šalyse ir nustatyti jų panaudojimo galimybes Lietuvoje. Darbo uždaviniai: • Išanalizuoti ir susisteminti mokslinę, teorine ir empirinę literatūrą, nagrinėjančią savanoriškus susitarimus; • Išsiaiškinti savanoriškų susitarimų naudojimo praktiką kitose šalyse; • Ištirti energijos vartojimo tendencijas Lietuvoje; • Išanalizuoti Lietuvos teisinę bazę, ir įstatymus reguliuojančius savanoriškus susitarimus; • Atlikti anketinį įmonių tyrimą ir išsiaiškinti savanoriškų susitarimų panaudojimo galimybes Lietuvoje. Hipotezė – savanoriškų susitarimų dėl energijos efektyvumo didinimo plėtrą Lietuvoje stabdo patirties savanoriškų aplinkos politikos priemonių panaudojimo srityje stoka, mažas informuotumas, institucinės ir tesinės bazės nebuvimas. Darbo struktūra. Darbas susideda iš trijų pagrindinių dalių. Pirmoje apžvelgiama mokslinė literatūra, susijusi su savanoriškais susitarimais, bei jų taikymo patirtimi. Antrojoje apžvelgiama ES politika energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo srityje ir savanoriškų susitarimų dėl energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo įgyvendinimo rezultatai ES. Taip pat šioje dalyje analizuojamos energijos vartojimo tendencijos Lietuvoje. Trečiojoje dalyje, pateikiami anketinės įmonių apklausos rezultatai bei aptariamos savanoriškų susitarimų panaudojimo galimybės Lietuvoje. Visą darbą sudaro 52 puslapiai, darbe yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Work item - voluntary agreements on energy efficiency. Working the problem - it is necessary to the implementation of the EU Directive, while Lithuania is not disbanded the possibility of the use of voluntary agreements for the implementation of energy efficiency improvement goal. The aim - to evaluate the use of voluntary agreements and the experience of other countries to determine their potential use in Lithuania. Job tasks: analyze and structure the scientific, theoretical and empirical literature dealing with voluntary agreements; Practice the use of voluntary agreements in other countries; Investigate the energy consumption trends in Lithuania; analyze the Lithuanian legal framework, and the laws governing voluntary agreements; Make corporate investigations, and to clarify the use of voluntary agreements in Lithuania. Hypothesis - voluntary agreements on energy efficiency development in Lithuania is hampered by lack of practice on voluntary environmental policies, low awareness and lack of law basis. The work consists of three main parts. The first reviews the scientific literature relating to voluntary agreements, and their experiences. The second reviews the EU's policy to improve energy efficiency, and voluntary agreements on energy efficiency implementation of the results of the EU. I also analyzed in this part of energy consumption trends in Lithuania. The third part, the corporate results of the survey questionnaire and discussed the possibility of the use of... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joanna Marcos de Carvalho.pdf: 591275 bytes, checksum: 8077c97f88df1e93c4ce7d75d36da6fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-08 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / This work had as objective to draw the analyzes of the brazilian scientific production on domestic violence against child and adolescent published in the scientific journals between the years of 2006 to 2008. The reading of all articles was accomplished in order to find on to thematic present and analyzed the psychology professional's performance before this work context. The theoretical foundation includes the domestic violence to child and how psychologists works in this contexts. It was examined all the journals classified by Capes according to three levels A1, A2 e B1, by the bibliographic analyzis. Of the total of 1,997 articles surveyed between the years 2006 to 2008, twelve have as main subject, domestic violence against children and adolescents. It is extremely important that the psychologist or other professionals working in this sphere, establishing contact with both the child and family involved with, and transform their experiences in scientific reports, to thereby create possibilities for exchange of experience and is a woven plot multiplication of information. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo, tra?ar uma an?lise da produ??o sobre viol?ncia dom?stica contra crian?a e adolescente veiculada nos peri?dicos cient?ficos brasileiros, entre os anos de 2006 a 2008. Foi realizada a leitura dos artigos encontrados sobre a presente tem?tica e analisada a atua??o do profissional de psicologia diante deste contexto de trabalho. O embasamento te?rico desta pesquisa engloba a exposi??o do que vem a ser a viol?ncia dom?stica infantil, passando pelo modo como ? realizado o trabalho do psic?logo nos casos em que a crian?a ? vitimizada e, por fim, estabelece uma ponte entre a viol?ncia dom?stica infantil e a atua??o psicol?gica. Foram analisados os peri?dicos classificados pela CAPES, na ?rea de psicologia referentes aos estratos A1, A2 e B1 por meio de uma an?lise bibliogr?fica. Do total de 1.997 artigos pesquisados entre os anos de 2006 a 2008, doze tem como assunto principal, a viol?ncia dom?stica contra a crian?a e adolescente.? de suma import?ncia, que o psic?logo ou demais profissionais que atuem nessa esfera, estabele?am contato tanto com a crian?a quanto com os familiares envolvidos, e transformem suas experi?ncias em relatos cient?ficos, para que assim, criem possibilidades de trocas de experi?ncia e seja tecida uma trama de multiplica??o de informa??es.

Land ist eine begrenzte Ressource, und die steigende Nachfrage nach Lebensmitteln, Futtermitteln und Holz treibt den Wettbewerb zwischen verschiedenen Landnutzungsarten voran. Landnutzungsmodelle, die Landnutzungsmuster optimieren und negative Kompromisse zwischen verschiedenen Landnutzungen minimieren, können bei der Bewertung solcher Landkonkurrenzdynamiken helfen. Angesichts des langen Planungshorizonts der Forstwirtschaft ist die Modellierung der Dynamik des Forstsektors in einem einzigen Modell eine Herausforderung. Diese Dissertation zeigt, dass zwischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft auf feinen räumlichen Skalen (halbe Grad Gitterauflösung) ein Wettbewerb um Land besteht, und die Berücksichtigung eines dynamischen Forstsektors in einem rekursiven dynamischen Modell wie MAgPIE verbessert die Bewertung der Landnutzung und der damit verbundenen Emissionen. Die Speicherung von Kohlenstoff in seit langem bestehenden Infrastrukturen wie städtischen Gebäuden könnte eine zusätzliche Option zur Abschwächung des Klimawandels sein und gleichzeitig Hotspots der biologischen Vielfalt und Grenzwälder vor der Umwandlung in andere Landnutzungsformen schützen, zusätzlich zu den bereits gut verstandenen und quantifizierten landbasierten Abschwächungsoptionen. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur Kohlenstoff über lange Zeiträume in den Holzstädten der Zukunft gespeichert, sondern es wird auch dazu beigetragen, Emissionen aus der Produktion von Zement und Stahl für den Bau von Infrastrukturen in der Zukunft zu vermeiden. Auf der COP26 wurde eine Erklärung zum Ende der Entwaldung bis 2030 abgegeben. Eine mögliche Politik zur Umsetzung dieser Erklärung vor Ort wäre das Verbot der Ausdehnung landwirtschaftlicher Flächen auf bewaldete Flächen. Dies würde bedeuten, dass nicht bewaldete Flächen in einem noch nie dagewesenen Ausmaß in landwirtschaftliche Flächen umgewandelt würden. / Land is a limited resource and the increasing demand for food, feed and timber drives competition between different land use types. Land-use models, which optimize land-use patterns and minimize negative trade-offs across land uses, can assist in assessing such land competition dynamics. Given the long planning horizon of forest management and competition for land with agriculture, modeling forestry sector dynamics in a single model is challenging. The Inclusion of a dynamic forest sector in the Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment (MAgPIE) helps in answering the overarching research question: What is the role of forestry in future land use? This dissertation shows that competition for land exists between agriculture and forestry on fine spatial scales (half degree grid resolution), and the consideration of a dynamic forestry sector in a recursive dynamic model like MAgPIE improves the assessment of land-use and its associated emissions. Understanding how production of roundwood influences the competition for land would help in quantifying how wood can be produced for timber cities of the future. Storing carbon in long-standing infrastructure like urban buildings could be an additional mitigation option, whilst protecting biodiversity hotspots and frontier forests from being converted to other land uses, on top of already well understood and quantified land-based mitigation options. This way, not only carbon is stored over long time spans in timber cities of the future, it also helps in avoiding emissions from production of cement and steel for construction of infrastructure in the future. Additionally, A declaration to end deforestation by 2030 was made at COP26. A potential policy implementing this declaration on the ground would be to prohibit the expansion of agricultural land into forested land. This would mean that non-forested land will be converted at unprecedented levels into agricultural land.