Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-04-27T12:26:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlio Manoel dos Santos Filho - 2018.pdf: 1560505 bytes, checksum: 783b0aced68e2e846518d5229070e225 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-27T13:06:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlio Manoel dos Santos Filho - 2018.pdf: 1560505 bytes, checksum: 783b0aced68e2e846518d5229070e225 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-27T13:06:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlio Manoel dos Santos Filho - 2018.pdf: 1560505 bytes, checksum: 783b0aced68e2e846518d5229070e225 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Forensic Psychiatric Expertise aims collaborate for decisions in the justice field. Among other discursive possibilities, the expert-psychiatrist seeks to answer, to the Judge of Law, if a given subject can be considered criminally attributable or not. This research is based on the Foucauldian understanding of the relationship between apparatuses and the production of subjects. More specifically, we analyse the articulation between the legal and psychiatric knowledge, materialized in the psychiatric investigation apparatus, which produces of an abnormal subject. In which ways has the psychiatric investigation apparatus outcomes, in the state of Goias, an alliance between the legal and psychiatric knowledge? Based on this questioning, this paper seeks to problematize the production of psychiatric expertise reports in the scope of Criminal Law in the state of Goias. This problematization is made about psychiatric expertise, legal texts and technical materials produced in both forensic and psychiatric fields. The analyses we do are delimited in time since the establishment of the Brazilian Penal Code of 1940 to actuality. This research is qualitative and uses the genealogical perspective of Michel Foucault. Besides the methodological question, we consider the theoretical production of Foucault about the psychiatric expert device. In the analysed data, the performance of the disciplinary power and the power of normalization is verified. The analysed materials evidenced the relevance conferred to moral and behavioural factors for the diagnostic definition of the abnormality. / A Perícia Psiquiátrica Forense visa ao fornecimento de subsídios para as decisões no âmbito da justiça. Dentre outras possibilidades discursivas, o perito-psiquiatra busca responder, ao Juiz de Direito, se um dado sujeito pode ser considerado imputável criminalmente ou não. Esta pesquisa tem como referencial de análise a perspectiva foucaultiana acerca da relação entre dispositivos e a produção de sujeitos. Neste trabalho, é analisada a articulação entre os saberes jurídico e psiquiátrico, materializada no dispositivo pericial psiquiátrico, o qual é produtor de um sujeito anormal. De que maneiras o dispositivo perícia psiquiátrica tem funcionado, no contexto goiano, enquanto efetivação da aliança entre os saberes jurídico e psiquiátrico? A partir desse questionamento, este trabalho tem o objetivo de problematizar a produção de laudos resultantes de perícias psiquiátricas no âmbito do Direito Penal no estado de Goiás. Essa problematização é possível a partir da análise de perícias psiquiátricas, textos legais e materiais técnicos produzidos no âmbito forense e psiquiátrico. O recorte temporal das análises delimita-se a partir da instituição do Código Penal de 1940 e estende-se até a atualidade. Esta pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo e utiliza-se do método genealógico de Michel Foucault. Além da questão metodológica, considera-se a produção teórica de Foucault acerca do dispositivo pericial psiquiátrico. Verifica-se, nas fontes analisadas, a atuação do poder disciplinar e do poder de normalização. Os materiais analisados evidenciam a relevância conferida a fatores de ordem moral e às condutas para a definição diagnóstica da anormalidade.

L’expert psychiatre, initialement convoqué dans les tribunaux afin d’évaluer la responsabilité pénale des auteurs d’infractions, s’est progressivement trouvé en charge de mesurer leur dangerosité. L’expertise de dangerosité tendrait-elle à remplacer celle de responsabilité ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons étudié au Luxembourg et en France le rôle qu’est aujourd’hui amené à jouer l’expert dans des juridictions criminelles. Son intervention, désormais systématique dans ce type de juridiction, se matérialise par la production d’un discours écrit et oral. Prenant acte de ce fait, ainsi que de l’importance du langage dans les champs judiciaire et psychiatrique, nous avons ancré ce travail dans le champ de l’analyse du discours, et avons étudié l’expertise et la justice en train de se dire. Une première partie se concentre sur la production et le contenu du discours que les experts soumettent à l’institution judiciaire, et une seconde sur la façon dont l’expertise est intégrée au jugement. Les experts, dont le discours est sous la surveillance de l’institution judiciaire, ne participent finalement à évaluer ni la responsabilité strictement pénale, ni la dangerosité. Leur discours, enchevêtré aux discours des autres acteurs de la procédure, alimente l’ensemble des débats ; il participe à l’évaluation de la responsabilité subjective et morale de l’accusé, tant pour déterminer le quantum de la peine que pour décider d’une mesure appropriée. Initialement extérieur à l’institution, et chargé de soustraire à la justice des personnes estimées irresponsables pénalement, l’expert participe désormais à la punition et au traitement de l’ensemble des auteurs de crime. / In theory, the psychiatric expert is called in a trial in order to estimate the defendant's penal responsibility. But, we argue, he has instead become responsible for judging their level of dangerousness. Does dangerousness expertise tend to replace responsibility expertise? In order to answer this question, we studied experts’ functions in criminal affairs in Luxemburg and in France. The intervention, now systematic in this type of jurisdiction, is embodied in written and oral discourse. In acknowledging the importance of language in judiciary and psychiatric fields, this work is based on discourse analysis. We studied the spoken aspect of expertise and justice. The first part of this study focuses on how experts produce discourse for the judiciary institution. The second part follows the integration process of expertise into the judgment. Because their spoken testimonies are under surveillance by the judicial institution, experts eventually evaluate neither strictly penal responsibility, nor dangerousness. These discourses, entangled with those of other agents of the proceedings, continue into closing statements, in which the expert takes part in evaluating the defendant's subjective and moral responsibility. This is in order to determine the punishment’s severity, as well which measure to state. From originally providing an outsider’s point of view, apparently removed from those judging criminal responsibility, the expert now takes part in both punishment and treatment of perpetrators.

A perícia psicológica tem ocupado lugar de destaque na Justiça do Trabalho, pois vêm aumentando os casos de afastamento no trabalho em decorrência de transtornos mentais. Quando um trabalhador ingressa com uma ação trabalhista, pleiteando o recebimento de uma indenização por ter adquirido uma doença mental no trabalho, o juiz é obrigado, por força de lei, a nomear um perito judicial para fazer a investigação do nexo de causalidade entre a patologia mental e o trabalho. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar como são feitas essas perícias psicológicas, optando-se pela realização de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas com peritos judiciais e juízes do trabalho, além de pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema. Para a interpretação dos dados, a pesquisa se utilizou da técnica análise de conteúdo que comporta três fases fundamentais: pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados. Os dados revelaram que os juízes do trabalho estão insatisfeitos com a qualidade das perícias psicológicas, pois consideram os laudos deficientes, sem fundamentação, condicionais e inconclusivos. De acordo com os juízes, as perícias psicológicas são produzidas pelos médicos numa espécie de linha de produção, por meio de um único encontro com o reclamante, estando recheadas de textos padronizados e desprovidas de uma análise mais aprofundada da pessoa do trabalhador e do ambiente de trabalho. Os juízes também afirmaram que não existem bons profissionais da área da saúde interessados em realizar a perícia psicológica na Justiça do Trabalho. Já os peritos judiciais disseram que o valor dos honorários periciais é muito baixo, o que inviabiliza que sejam realizadas várias entrevistas com o trabalhador e visitas à empresa, comprometendo a qualidade dos laudos. Para os peritos, os honorários periciais deveriam ser fixados em um montante justo e proporcional ao trabalho a ser desenvolvido, como também serem pagos, ainda que parcialmente, antes do início da investigação pericial. As entrevistas demonstraram que os peritos, tanto médicos quanto psicólogos, têm pouco conhecimento na área da Saúde Mental e Trabalho. Também revelaram que o trabalho pericial está voltado essencialmente para uma análise diagnóstica, ou seja, para a verificação acerca da existência ou não de um transtorno mental no trabalhador, não havendo uma investigação aprofundada das condições de trabalho e da relação destas com a subjetividade do indivíduo. A pesquisa concluiu que para se compreender o vínculo entre o transtorno mental do trabalhador e as condições de trabalho seria necessário que o perito judicial averiguasse como se deu a relação entre a subjetividade do indivíduo e o contexto de trabalho. Caberia ao perito avaliar o limite subjetivo de cada trabalhador para as pressões sofridas no ambiente de trabalho, quais foram suas ações adaptativas e em que momento se operou a ruptura, instalando-se o adoecimento mental. Para isso, seria importante que o perito tivesse formação na área da Saúde Mental e Trabalho a fim de adquirir competências técnicas para melhor investigar como o modo operativo do trabalho afeta os processos subjetivos dos trabalhadores / Psychological expertise has had great importance in Labor Court, since cases of work leave due to mental disorders have increased. When a worker takes legal action against his/her employee, claiming compensation for having acquired mental illness at work, the judge is required, according to the law, to designate a judicial expert to investigate the causal link between the mental pathology and the job. The aim of the present research was to investigate how these psychological inquiries are performed, carrying out individual semi-structured interviews with judicial experts and labor judges, as well as bibliographic research about the subject. Interpretation of the data was performed using the technique of content analysis, which involves three fundamental phases: pre-analysis, material exploration and treatment of results. The data revealed that labor judges are unsatisfied with the quality of psychological inquiries, due to the deficiency of the reports that have no foundation, are conditional and inconclusive. According to the judges, psychological inquiries are performed by doctors in an automatic way, with only a single meeting with the claimant. The reports are filled with standardized texts and without a deeper analysis of the individual and the workplace. The judges also stated that good health professionals are not interested in performing psychological inquiries in the Labor Court. On the other hand, judicial experts have said that their wages are very low, therefore it is not possible to carry out several interviews with the employee and to pay visits to the company, affecting the quality of the reports. For the experts, expert wages should be proportional to the amount of work to be performed, but also be paid, at least partially, before the beginning of the investigation. The interviews showed that the experts, both doctors and psychologists, have scarce knowledge about mental health and work. They also revealed that the work of the experts is focused essentially on a diagnostic analysis, only to verify if the worker has or doesnt have a mental disorder, without a deep investigation of the conditions of work and with the subjectivity of the individual. The research concluded that in order to understand the link between the mental disorder of the worker and his working conditions, it would be necessary that the judicial expert investigate the occurrence of the relationship between the subjectivity of the individual and the work context. It would be the responsibility of the expert to evaluate the subjective limit that each worker has towards the pressure in the work environment, what were his adaptive actions and when the rupture happened, causing mental illness. It would be essential that the expert has specific training in the area of mental health and work in order to acquire technical skills to better evaluate how the operative mode of work affects the subjective processes of the workers

Depuis les travaux de Pinel à la fin du XVIIIème, l'orientation du malade mental criminel s'est faite dans la recherche d'un juste équilibre entre soin et peine, plaçant l'expertise psychiatrique pénale au centre du dispositif judiciaire. Ces dernières années, de nombreuses critiques ont émergé à l'encontre de l'expert psychiatre et de l'institution psychiatrique, tandis que de nouvelles préoccupations sécuritaires envahissaient nos sociétés. Dès lors, la tentation de criminaliser le malade mental, marqué du sceau de la dangerosité, grandit, tandis que l'article 122-1 révèle davantage l'ambiguïté de son second alinéa. Afin de mieux appréhender cette population de malades mentaux criminels, cette thèse s'articule sur deux démarches complémentaires. L'une détermine le cadre socio-historique de la recherche, l'autre est une étude descriptive rétrospective sur l'application de l'article 122-1 second alinéa. L'analyse des résultats à l'aune de cette double lecture permet de tracer plusieurs pistes de réflexions pour une réactualisation intégrative dynamique et cohérente de l'articulation santé-justice. / Since the works of Pinel, The orientation of the criminal mentally ill person was made in the search for a just balance between care and punishment, placing the penal psychiatric expertise in the center of the judicial device. These last years, numerous criticisms appeared against the expert psychiatrist and from the psychiatric institution, whereas new security concerns invaded our societies. From then on, the temptation to criminalize the mentally ill person, marked with the seal of the dangerosité, grows , whereas the article 122-1 reveals more the ambiguity of its second paragraph. To dread better this population of criminal mental patients, this thesis articulates on two additional steps. The one determines the socio-historic frame of the research, the other one is a retrospective descriptive study on the application of the article 122-1 second paragraph. The analysis of the results in the alder of this double reading allows to emit several tracks of reflections for an updating dynamic and coherent intégrative of the articulation health-justice.