Orientador: Áurea Maria Guimarães / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T03:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_KarinaSantosda_M.pdf: 3719734 bytes, checksum: 0e191acdfc9213407a04415527826e64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Este estudo analisou como professores, alunos, ex-alunos e funcionários, moradores da favela do Real Parque localizada no bairro do Morumbi, elaboram em meio às desigualdades sociais e educacionais distintos modos de se relacionar e significar a escola pública EMEF José de Alcântara Machado Filho. Para apreender essas percepções sobre a escola foi utilizado o referencial teórico-metodológico da história oral desenvolvido por José Carlos Sebe Bom Meihy. Foram entrevistados oito participantes e a partir de suas histórias de vida foram destacados os temas mais recorrentes em suas narrativas: a experiência de vida, a relação com a favela do Real Parque e os sentidos atribuídos à escola pública. A pesquisa identificou a coexistência de múltiplos sentidos que, também, são ambivalentes. Sendo assim, concluiu-se que os significados atribuídos à escola pública não são um dado a priori, mas vão sendo construídos na relação que as pessoas estabelecem com a instituição escolar e com as desigualdades que perpassam suas histórias de vida. Embora esse trabalho aborde questões de uma determinada realidade escolar, é possível ampliar essa problemática aos desafios concernentes às questões educacionais, em especial aos da escola pública, inserida nas periferias e favelas das grandes metrópoles brasileiras. / Abstract: This study analyzed how teachers, students, former students and employees, habitants of Real Parque slum, located at Morumbi neighborhood, elaborate through social and educational inequalities, distinct ways of relate and signify the public school EMEF José de Alcântara Machado Filho. In order to capture these perceptions about school, it was used the theoreticmethodological referential of oral history developed by José Carlos Sebe Bom Meihy. Eight participants were interviewed and, from their life stories, the most recurrent themes in their narratives were stressed: the life experience, the relationship with Real Parque slum and the meanings attributed to the public school. The research identified the coexistence of multiple meanings, which are also ambivalent. In this perspective, it was concluded that the meanings attributed to the public school are not a single data a priori, but they are being constructed through the relationship people establish with the scholar institution and with the inequalities that undergo their life stories. Despite this work approaches questions of a particular scholar reality, it is possible to extend this problematic issue to the challenges concerning educational questions, specially public school ones, inserted in the outskirts and slums of the big Brazilian metropolises. / Mestrado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Mestre em Educação

Orientador: Silvio Ancizar Sánchez Gamboa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T00:50:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_FloraMariadeAthayde_M.pdf: 1999009 bytes, checksum: e315a69df5408b82163abe9877ca7692 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As condições de juventude e adolescência no Brasil na faixa etária de 15 a 17 anos na formação escolar do Ensino Médio público são preocupantes. Dados estatísticos da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) 2009 revelam a exclusão: a escolarização líquida a uma taxa de 50,9% mostra o atendimento apenas à metade dos estudantes em foco. A situação agrava-se com o resultado do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB) 2009 aplicado na amostragem dos estudantes do ensino médio para aferir-lhes o desempenho. A nota 3,6 numa escala de 0 a 10 aponta fatores agravantes como exclusão, desinteresse pela escola, violência, desemprego e abandono. Distante da realidade cotidiana dos estudantes, o Ensino Médio vem sendo discutido para uma definição político-educacional, face os imperativos do desenvolvimento tecnológico, das demandas do mercado de trabalho e da juventude. Com foco nesse segmento da educação básica, a pesquisa foi estruturada em três capítulos objetivando a formação escolarizada da juventude e adolescência no ensino médio público no recorte da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da educação (LDB) 9394/96 a 2009 com o programa Ensino Médio Inovador. Foram analisadas fontes documentais da legislação oficial em educação no período em questão. Considerando-se a experiência deste programa inovador e outros, novas diretrizes foram recentemente aprovadas pelo Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE) para a implementação de reformas curriculares no segmento final da educação básica. A relevância desta pesquisa bibliográfica e documental é a oportunidade de debates sobre a temática da formação humana, bem como reflexões acerca de importantes questões educacionais para a juventude. Os documentos analisados apontam para melhorias nos métodos pedagógicos para o ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes do ensino médio. Este objetivo pode ser alcançado através da filosofia educacional aplicada no cotidiano escolar dos estudantes e flexibilidade no currículo. O princípio educativo do Ensino Médio Inovador é o trabalho como processo social de produção. A orientação metodológica para o currículo é a formação humana coletiva nas dimensões trabalho, cultura, ciência e tecnologia como uma nova abordagem para superar os desafios face à problemática dos desdobramentos curriculares. As novas Diretrizes Curriculares para o Ensino Médio foram aprovadas para definir uma identidade para este segmento básico da educação. Esta pesquisa busca refletir possibilidades e limites para a implementação de políticas públicas compromissadas com a qualidade da educação na formação da juventude. / Abstract: Youth and adolescence conditions for 15 - 17 year old secondary public school students in Brazil are worrisome. Statistic information from Residence Sample National Research (RSNR) 2009 reveals exclusion: net education at a rate of 50,9% shows only half attendance of the students in focus. The situation gets worse with the result of Basic Education Development Index (BEDI) 2009 applied to second grade students sample in order to assess their performance. The grade 3,6 on a 0 - 10 scale points out serious factors such as: exclusion, lack of interest in school, violence, unemployment and abandon. Far from students' daily life reality, high school education has being discussed simply as a means for giving it a politic-educational status due to technical and scientific development, the job market and youth demands. With focus on this basic education segment, this study was organized in three chapters in order to study the educational development of young students in public high school from education Bases and Guidance Law (BGL) 9394/96 to 2009 Innovative High School program. Such period official documental- educational sources were analyzed. Considering this innovative program's experience and other ones, new rules were recently approved by Education National Council (ENC) in order to implement reforms on the basic education final segment syllabus. The relevance of this bibliographical-documental research is the opportunity to discuss about human education subjects, as well as reflecting on important educational issues concerning youngsters. The documents' analysis point to Improvements on pedagogic methods for teaching-learning to high school students. This purpose can be achieved through educational philosophy applied to young students' everyday school life and flexible syllabus. The Innovative High School program educational principle is work as the social production process. The syllabus methodological guidance concerns to collective human education on working, cultural, scientific and technological dimensions as a new approach in order to overcome the challenges facing syllabus problems. The new National High School Syllabus' Guidance was approved in order to define an identity to this education basic stage. This research aims at reflecting about possibilities and limits to implement public policies committed with education quality for youngster education. / Mestrado / Filosofia e História da Educação / Mestre em Educação

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:47:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogeria Aparecida Garcia_Dissertacao.pdf: 1590553 bytes, checksum: 6dad56b52c6423ceb47b3a6262e4e5f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-03 / The research presents a study about the evasion of young people and adults from classes in the early years of EJA (young and Adults education). The chose to search this phenomenon is the result of several studies processes in the researcher groups MovSE (social movements, public school and Popular Education) e FePráxiS (philosophy, education and Social praxis) of Education College, Federal University of Pelotas. In the process there was the identification of the theme relevance in Brazilian educational scene and the education recognition of young and adult as a problem that marks the history of education in Brazil and in Pelotas with regard to the schooled teaching. The theoretical and methodological benchmark, in a qualitative base, aligns the dialectics Materialist Historical prospect. We opted for a case study accomplished in an outskirts school of Pelotas city. The data collection strategies were observations and interviews, in 2012, with the directive team (principal and pedagogical coordinator) and two teachers of early years classes in EJA. 24 students who left school in the 2009, 2010 and 2011 years, were also interviewed in their homes. For analysis, the systematization considered the average age, occupation / job, gender, ethnic and origin in relation to urban and rural areas. Among the dropout causes, the research concluded that macros social factors directly affect the basic subsistence conditions and life maintenance protrude to the micros social factor, relationship didactic-methodological: Brazilian schools are included in an excluder system that expels the young and adults from school, also because of the dropout, denying the right of access to knowledge historically produced by humanity. / A pesquisa apresenta um estudo sobre a evasão de pessoas jovens e adultas das classes dos anos iniciais da EJA. A opção por pesquisar tal fenômeno é resultado dos processos de estudos nos grupos de pesquisa MovSE (Movimentos Sociais, Escola Pública e Educação Popular) e FePráxiS (Filosofia, educação e Práxis Social), da Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. No processo houve a identificação da relevância do tema no cenário educacional brasileiro e o reconhecimento da educação de jovens e adultos como um problema que marca a história da educação no Brasil e em Pelotas, no que se refere ao ensino escolarizado. O referencial teórico-metodológico, de base qualitativa, alinha-se a perspectiva Materialista Histórica Dialética. Optou-se por um estudo de caso realizado em uma escola da periferia do município de Pelotas. As estratégias de coletas de dados foram observações e entrevistas realizadas, em 2012, com a equipe diretiva (diretora e coordenadora pedagógica) e duas professoras das turmas dos anos iniciais da EJA. Também foram entrevistados, em suas residências, 24 alunos que abandonaram os estudos nos anos de 2009, 2010 e 2011. A sistematização, para fins de análise, considerou a faixa etária, ocupação/trabalho, gênero, etnia e origem em relação ao urbano e rural. Dentre as causas da evasão, a pesquisa concluiu que os fatores macrossociais, que influenciam diretamente nas condições básicas de subsistência e manutenção da vida se sobressaem aos fatores microssociais, relação didático-metodológica: a escola brasileira está incluída em um sistema excludente que expulsa os jovens e adultos da escola, também pela evasão, negando-lhe o direito de acesso ao conhecimento historicamente produzido pela humanidade.

[pt] Esta pesquisa situa-se no centro das indagações sobre os objetivos da educação institucionalizada e sobre o cumprimento, por parte da escola, daquilo que oficialmente ela promete – a democratização do conhecimento escolar. Foram investigadas as condições de produção do ensino considerado de qualidade em nosso sistema escolar público, através do estudo de caso da Unidade Humaitá II, que integra a rede de 13 Unidades Escolares do Colégio Pedro II, instituição considerada um marco na educação brasileira porque sua história se origina na própria história social, política e cultural do país, sendo uma escola percebida como lócus de produção de elites escolares na perspectiva do imaginário social. Para investigar a identidade institucional dessa escola pública de prestígio, assumiu-se a hipótese de que o rendimento dos alunos é diretamente influenciado pelo clima do estabelecimento, recorrendo-se a aspectos atribuídos ao clima escolar e que foram destacados como fatores que outorgam diferenciação de qualidade às escolas. A noção de clima se mostra como um fator primordial para o estudo da identidade dos estabelecimentos de ensino. Concebidas como organizações sociais, as escolas distinguem-se entre si, com seus modos próprios de funcionamento e seus sistemas sociais de relações. O trabalho de campo foi realizado ao longo de 2007 e 2008 e os dados foram coletados através dos seguintes procedimentos: observação nos espaços coletivos, observação em salas de aula, entrevistas semi-estruturadas (formais e informais) com professores, alunos e funcionários e pesquisa em documentos. Para operacionalização do conceito de clima escolar e análise das investigações, foram tomados como referência teórico metodológica os autores Antonio Nóvoa, Leila Mafra, Luc Brunet, Olivier Cousin, Pascal Bressoux , Teixeira Lopes e Manuel Jacinto Sarmento. A partir da análise do material empírico foi possível identificar, no contexto institucional da escola investigada, a configuração singular do conjunto de características que constituem sua imagem de excelência. O sentimento de pertencimento e a identificação dos integrantes da escola com o universo identitário do Colégio Pedro II, a diversidade na origem social dos estudantes, bem como a formação e o comprometimento dos docentes são as singularidades institucionais que distinguem a Unidade Escolar Humaitá II, possibilitando à maior escola pública brasileira fornecer um bom atendimento de Ensinos Fundamental e Médio e ser detentora de desfechos escolares socialmente valorizados. / [en] This study is inserted in current investigations about the goals of formal education and about the fulfillment of the promise schools make: social rise to all students. Focusing on our public school system, we investigated the conditions under which quality teaching is produced. This investigation consisted of a case study referring to Humaitá II, one of the thirteen branches of Colégio Pedro II, a teaching institution which is considered a landmark in Brazilian education, as the history of this school is closely related to the very history of the country, in social, political and cultural terms. Also, this school is seen by Brazilian population as a producer of social elites. We started with the hypothesis that students` proficiency is directly influenced by the atmosphere surrounding the school they attend. We focused on some of the aspects related to this atmosphere – the ones that were highlighted as capable of making a difference in terms of quality teaching. The notion of school atmosphere appears as a crucial factor to the study of school identity. As a social organization, each school has its own way of operating and its own social relation system. The field work was conducted in the years of 2007 and 2008 and data was collected in the following ways: observation of classrooms and other collective spaces, documental research and semi-structured interviews, both formal and informal, with teachers, students and other school workers. In order to use the concept of school atmosphere properly and analyze the data, we took the works of Antonio Nóvoa, Leila Mafra, Luc Brunet, Olivier Cousin, Pascal Bressoux, Teixeira Lopes and Manuel Jacinto Sarmento our theoretical and methodological reference. Through the analysis of the empirical data it was possible to identify the singular configuration that the Humaitá branch has, that is, the set of characteristics that account for its public image of excellence. These characteristics are: the identification of the members of the school with the identitary universe of Colégio Pedro II, the feeling of belonging to this universe, the variety of social origins of its students and the qualification and commitment of its teachers. All of these constitute the institutional singularity of the Humaitá branch and make it possible for Colégio Pedro II, the biggest Brazilian public school of elementary and secondary levels, to provide quality teaching and socially valued school results.

The purposes of this study were to determine whether there were significant differences in knowledge and attitudes among fifth-, ninth- and twelfth-grade students after having been taught a unit on Human Growth, Development and Sexuality and to determine whether there were significant differences between these students and students not receiving the unit. The study attempted to determine at which of the three levels the human sexuality unit was most effective in transmitting knowledge and changing attitude in the area of human sexuality. An attempt was made to determine if there were significant differences between males and females in the knowledge obtained or attitude changes.

The purpose of this study was to quantify core academic middle school teachers’ (English/language arts, mathematics, science, and social science) perspectives of career education. Prior research denotes that if career education exposure and awareness is provided in middle school grades, then students have the potential to develop a valuable understanding of various occupations available in the future (Akos, Konold, & Niles, 2004). Students observe what the work accomplishes and the effort required for the employee to be successful. If the occupation interests the students, then an increased motivation to complete their studies is likely to develop as they see the connection between what is taught in class and the opportunity for the desired career (Schaefer, & Rivera, 2012). In order to achieve that, the first step is to understand the teaching community’s viewpoint on career education and to use that knowledge to build successful programs. Teachers employed in a large school district in southeastern United States at the time of the study indicated their understanding of the concepts of future career orientation and career integration in its present state of use. The researcher distributed the tested CareerStart Teacher Perspective Survey (CTPS) and a selection of teacher related variables from charter, magnet, and traditional public middle schools to populate the study (n=199). Using ANOVA and regression analysis, the study found a significant difference in the value of future orientation and overall career education factors from males versus females. In addition, teachers ages 25-44 had a higher mean value for all factors than teachers of other age groups. There were no significant differences amongst teachers’ value of career education between the three different types of schools. This study contributes to the body of research pertaining to teacher perspectives of career education at the middle school level.

Bakgrund: Sedan slutet av 1980 - talet har skolmarknaden genomgått stora förändringar i och med konkurrensutsättningen, kommunaliseringen av skolan, friskolereformen och det fria skolvalet. Från att tidigare endast varit en del av den offentliga logiken har den kommunala gymnasieskolan nu även blivit en del av marknadslogiken vilket har medfört ett ökat behov för skolan att marknadsföra sin verksamhet. Att kombinera två institutionella logiker kan ge upphov till institutionell komplexitet vilken är viktig för organisationer att förstå och hantera för att på så sätt kunna överleva på marknaden. Syfte: Syftet med denna undersökning är att bidra med ökad kunskap om hur den institutionella komplexiteten tar sig uttryck i marknadsföringsarbetet i den kommunala gymnasieskolans kontext. Genomförande: Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i det fenomenologiska perspektivet och är en kvalitativ enfallsstudie med ett iterativt angreppssätt. Studiens urval består av fem strategiskt utvalda respondenter inom den valda fallorganisationen och data har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsats: Den institutionella komplexiteteten tar sig uttryck i marknadsföringsarbetet genom att den skapar utmaningar som uppvisas i organisationens interna dynamiker missnöje, gemensamma värderingar, maktförhållanden och handlingsförmåga. Organisationen hanterar dessa utmaningar till en viss grad, men för att ytterligare minska den institutionella komplexiteten måste organisationen inse och acceptera de konkurrerande logikernas samexistens. En prioritering av logikerna behöver göras för att därefter forma en marknadsföringsstrategi och därmed agera proaktivt. En vidare rekommendation är att anställa ytterligare en resurs till att enbart arbeta med marknadsföring för att på så sätt även kunna minska den institutionella komplexiteten. / Background: Since the end of the 1980s, the school market has undergone major changes in the face of competition, the municipalization, the reform of the private schools and the free choice of school. Before the reforms, the public school has only been a part of the public institutional logic but is now also a part of the market institutional logic which has lead to an increased need for the public school to market their business. Combining two institutional logics may lead to institutional complexity which is important for the organization to understand and manage in order to survive. Aim: The aim of the study is to contribute to an increased knowledge of how the institutional complexity is expressed in the markering within the public school context. Completion: The study takes its starting point in a phenomenological perspective and is a qualitative single case study with an iterative approach. The study´s sample consists of five strategically selected respondents within the chosen case organization and data has been collected through semi structured interviews. Conclusion: The insitutional complexity is expressed through the marketing and challanges are perceived in the internal dynamics of the organisation which are interest dissatisfaction, value commitment, shared values and power dependencies. The challenges are handled by the orgaisation to a certain extent, but in order to further reduce the institutional complexity, the organization has to realize and accept the competing institutional logics coexistence. A priorititazion between the logics must be made so that a strategy can be fomulated which will help the organization to act in a more proactive way. Further, a recommendation to hire a person responsible for marketing is given in order to reduce the institutional complexity, institutional confusion anc enabling a proactive way of working.

In the post apartheid state, education is viewed as an important tool for rapid socio-economic development. The economic, ecological, technological and political conditions that characterized the South African crisis were assumed to be a result of inadequate education partly due to Bantu education. Accordingly the new democratic government with the view of revamping the education system in compliance with the provisions as stipulated in the Constitution and other subordinate laws endeavoured to decentralize power and authority to School Governing Bodies (governance) and administrative management of schools to principals. It must be appreciated therefore that some among those who were appointed to positions of school principals lacked the craft-literacy and craft-competency skills to devise effective and efficient administrative management processes needed to produce functional schools in a constitutional democracy. The research therefore seeks to determine the levels of craft-competency and craft-literacy of public school principals in administering case law in schools as required by the Constitution of South Africa, 1996, the Employment of Educators Act, 76 of 1998 and The Promotion of Administrative Justice Act (PAJA), 3 of 2000 to mention but a few legislative instruments. In principals’ exercise of power and authority during the process of administering their schools, the administrative actions must be lawful, reasonable and procedurally fair in line with the relevant empowering provisions in their disposal. The qualitative case study used was meant to interpretively test the impact of the admissions policy as amended by The Education Laws Amendment Act, 50 of 2002 in public schools. It appears that only craft-competent and craft-literate principals are better positioned to adopt correct administrative actions that ensure that the rights of learners are not infringed upon and that their interests are taken care of at all times. It also seems that , generally speaking, principals lack craft-competency and craft-literacy skills and that they receive inadequate support. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

This research was designed to understand current school gardening efforts in Pinellas County, Florida. School gardens have become an important aspect of experiential learning and nutrition education in schools throughout the United States. Many not-for-profit organizations have attempted to increase the prevalence and efficacy of school garden programs as a means of providing educational opportunities and working to curb diet-related health issues in children. Most of these organizations are seen as apolitical in nature, because they access mainly private sector funding sources and volunteer support. This provides flexibility for these social projects, but also takes pressure off of the state to support school food and nutrition education efforts and reinforces neoliberal ideas about food systems. Paradoxically, strict public school standards and measures of success as a result of neoliberal education reform often prevent teachers and school administrators from utilizing these school gardens fully, and from using them as a sufficient means to fully discuss nutrition, healthy eating, and local food (instead focusing on other topics that fit more closely with state-regulated education standards). This research analyzed one such organization in Florida that installs gardens in “failing” Title I schools. Ethnographic research was conducted with these two organizations in an attempt to uncover some of the infrastructural challenges faced and uses a comparative approach to offer critical insights, suggestions for improvements, and best practices for navigating these challenges as determined by teachers, school administrators, and organization staff and volunteers.

The term participatory evaluation is commonly understood as stakeholder involvement in evaluation decision making and is generally accepted as a means of increasing the use of evaluation information. In spite of the popularity of participatory evaluation, there are few empirical studies which explain the casual processes of the participation-use relationship and few theories of participatory evaluation. Furthermore, it is not yet known what variables mediate participation and use, or what evaluation methodology best identifies these variables. This dissertation was designed to test causal relations between participation and use in a proposed model of participatory evaluation. The constructs in the model were Participative Climate, Level of Participation in Decision Making, Influence in Participative Decision Making, Process Outcomes, and Instrumental and Symbolic Use. An intervening mechanism design (Chen, 1990) was used to test the hypotheses that (a) Participative Climate, Level of Participation in Decision Making, and Influence in Participative Decision Making predict Process Outcomes and (b) Process Outcomes predicts Instrumental Use and Symbolic Use. The sample included 315 elementary and secondary teachers who participated in the 1995/1996 British Columbia (B.C.) School Accreditation Program, which is a participative school evaluation program sponsored by the B.C. Ministry of Education. Structural equation modeling was used to test the fit of the model. Overall, the analysis indicated that both hypotheses were tenable and the model was a plausible representation of the data. Furthermore, cross-validation strategies indicated that the model would likely replicate in other independent samples. Specifically, the findings indicated that (a) teacher participation in pre-evaluation decisions, (b) influence in decision making, and (c) teacher perception of the participative process mediated the relationship between Participative Climate and Use of evaluation information. Moreover, teacher perceptions of Process Outcomes is a key factor in understanding the nature and function of participatory evaluation. The model tested in this study provides an empirically based explanation of how participatory evaluation can be expected to work and thereby provides a basis for further development of a theory of participatory evaluation. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate