Bibliographische Beschreibung und Referat Falko Schlottig In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Moeglichkeit der anodischen Festkoerpersynthese in ausgewaehlten annaehernd nichtwaessrigen Systemen gezeigt. Die Synthesen wurden sowohl unter anodischen als auch unter anodischen Plasmabedingungen durchgefuehrt. Die entstehenden heterogenen Konversionsschichten wurden mit verschiedenen festkoerperanalytischen Methoden untersucht. Sie sind sind unter den vorgegebenen Darstellungsbedingungen aus nichtoxidischen und oxidischen Phasen zusammengesetzt. Die durchgefuehrten Untersuchungen beziehen sich hauptsaechlich auf die Synthese im System Dimethylacetamid/ Hexamethylentetramin/ KBF4 an Aluminium unter anodischen Plasmabedingungen und auf die Schichtbildung in Acetonitril an Titan unter anodischen Bedingungen. Die an Titan in Acetonitril synthetisierten Konversionsschichten wurden vorwiegend mit Elektronenbeugung und Photoelektronenspektroskopie untersucht. Die Schicht ist aus nitridischen, carbidischen und oxidischen Phasen aufgebaut. Die Struktur und Zusammensetzung der einzelnen Schichtphasen sind von der Synthesespannung abhaengig. Bei Ueberschreitung eines kritischen Potentials wird das bestehende Schichtsystem durch Plasma- und Pyrolysereaktionen modifiziert. Im System Dimethylacetamid/ Hexamethylentetramin/ KBF4 werden unter anodischen Plasmabedingungen an Aluminium kristalline AlF3 - Schichten gebildet, in die KF-Kristallite eingeschlossen sind. Dabei sind Schichtzusammensetzung und -morphologie von der Konzentration des Elektrolyten abhaengig. Waehrend der Plasmareaktion existiert ein Temperaturgradient in der Schicht. Eine nachfolgende thermische Behandlung der Schichtkomponenten unterhalb der eigentlichen Plasmatemperatur fuehrt zu einer Veraenderung der Schichteigenschaften.

Positive sequential dependencies occur when the response on the current trial n is positively correlated with the response on trial n-1. This was recently observed in a Judgment of Frequency (JOF) task (Malmberg and Annis, 2011). A model of positive sequential dependencies was developed in the REM framework (Shiffrin & Steyvers, 1997) by assuming that features that represent the current test item in a retrieval cue carry over from the previous retrieval cue. To assess the model, we sought a set of data that allows us to distinguish between frequency similarity and item similarity. Therefore, we chose to use a JOF task in which we manipulated the item similarity of the stimuli by presenting either landscape photos (high similarity), or photos of everyday objects such as shoes, cars, etc (low similarity). Similarity was modeled by assuming either that the item representations share a proportion of features or by assuming that the exemplars from different stimulus classes vary in the distinctiveness or diagnosticity. The model fits indicated that the best way to model similarity was to assume that items share a proportions of features.

Versetzungen sind linienhafte Störungen in Kristallen und beeinflussen die mechanischen, elektrischen und optischen Eigenschaften des Halbleitermaterials. In dieser Arbeit werden die optischen Eigenschaften von Versetzungen in Silizium anhand des Studiums ihrer charakteristischen Lumineszenz, der sogenannten D-Linien, untersucht. Dabei wurden die Versetzungen in einkristallinen Siliziumproben verschiedener Orientierung in einem einstufigen Prozess mittels plastischer Verformung bei hohen Temperaturen erzeugt und ggf. in einem zweiten Schritt durch Hochlastverformung bei tieferen Temperaturen modifiziert. Als Methoden zur Untersuchung der optischen Eigenschaften der Versetzungen werden Photolumineszenz (PL)- und Kathodolumineszenz (KL)-Spektroskopie verwendet. Gleitstufen an der Probenoberfläche werden mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM), die Versetzungsanordnungen im Probenvolumen mittels Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM) abgebildet. Die Versetzungsstruktur der auf Einfachgleitung orientierten Proben ist durch relaxierte Versetzungen (einstufige Verformung) bzw. gerade Versetzungen (zweistufige Verformung) gekennzeichnet. In der auf Vielfachgleitung orientierten Probe werden mehrere Gleitsysteme gleichartig aktiviert. Es bildet sich ein Zellmuster aus, wobei das Innere der ca. 1 µm großen Zellen im Wesentlichen versetzungsfrei ist und die Zellwände eine hohe Versetzungsdichte aufweisen. Generell sind die mittleren Versetzungsdichten aller Proben hoch. Sie betragen zwischen 5 x 10^7 und 1 x 10^9 cm-2. Die Lumineszenz der einstufig verformten Proben ist durch das Auftreten von vier Linien (D1 bis D4) im Spektrum gekennzeichnet. In den zweistufig verformten Proben dominieren die Linien D5 und D6 die Lumineszenz. Die spektralen Positionen aller D-Linien entsprechen den aus der Literatur bekannten Daten. Die integrale Lumineszenzintensität im Bereich der D-Linien nimmt mit wachsender mittlerer Versetzungsdichte zu. Zusätzlich kann in den zweistufig verformten Proben eine bisher nicht identifizierte Lumineszenzlinie bei einer Energie von 1,090 eV festgestellt werden. Für diese Linie wird in dieser Arbeit die Bezeichnung P^2SD verwendet. In den KL-Abbildungen wird für alle D-Linien und die P^2SD-Linie im Wesentlichen eine örtlich homogene Lumineszenzverteilung festgestellt. Dies wird auf eine im Maßstab des KL-Wechselwirkungsvolumens homogene Versetzungsverteilung zurückgeführt. Die lokalen Schwankungen der KL um die mittlere Intensität betragen maximal 15 %. Diese Schwankungen äußern sich in hellen und dunklen Lumineszenzstreifen, deren Breite deutlich größer als der mittlere Versetzungsabstand ist. Aus dem Vergleich von KL-Bildern mit Rückstreuelektronenbildern der Oberflächengleitstufen ergeben sich folgende Aussagen: Die KL-Intensität der D3- und D4-Linie ist auf markanten Gleitbändern im Vergleich zur Umgebung verringert, wogegen die Intensität der Linien D1 und D2 auf markanten Gleitbändern erhöht ist. Für die D5-Bande, die D6-, und die P^2SD-Linie kann kein allgemeiner Zusammenhang zwischen der Lokalisierung der Lumineszenz und der Gleitaktivität festgestellt werden. Anhand der experimentellen Ergebnisse kann die D3-Linie als TO-Phononenreplik der D4-Linie identifiziert werden. Für die D4-Lumineszenz werden zwei Rekombinationsmodelle diskutiert. Zum einen kann sie durch die exzitonische Rekombination an eindimensionalen Energiebändern erklärt werden, die durch das Verzerrungsfeld der Versetzungen von den jeweiligen Volumenenergiewerten abgespalten sind. Zum anderen kann auch die Rekombination eines tief gebundenen Elektrons mit einem schwach gebundenen Loch für die D4-Lumineszenz verantwortlich sein. In jedem Fall ist das Auftreten der D4-Linie an die Existenz von relaxierten 60 °- und Schraubenversetzungen gebunden. Die D1-Linie wird als OGamma-Phononenreplik der D2-Linie vorgeschlagen. Die D2-Linie selbst kann als ein strahlender Übergang zwischen zwei gebundenen Zuständen eines zweidimensionalen Potentialtopfs endlicher Tiefe modelliert werden. Die Abmessungen dieses Potentialtopfs sind dabei durch die Ausdehnung von Kinken und Jogs auf der Versetzungslinie gegeben. Allerdings könnte auch ein interner Übergang zwischen den Niveaus eines tiefen Defekts innerhalb der Bandlücke als Erklärung herangezogen werden. Wegen der Zunahme der Lumineszenzintensiät der D2-Linie durch thermische Behandlungen sollten Kinken, Jogs, und Punktdefekte im Verzerrungsfeld der Versetzungen als Ursache der D2-Lumineszenz in Frage kommen. Auch die P^2SD-Linie kann mithilfe von zwei unterschiedlichen Rekombinationsmodellen erklärt werden (free-to-bound-Übergang oder exzitonische Rekombination an zweidimensionalen Energiebändern). Punktdefekte, die während des zweistufigen Verformungsprozesses entstehen, könnten die P^2SD -Linie hervorrufen.

This project has been made in cooperation with the company Planeten that have plans to build an indoor playground. The project is about developing a prototype which could rotate and move a ceiling light horizontally and install lightning that can shine with different colors that can be steered. The light motion and color lighting has to be controlled by time or with a button. The work gives an overview of electric motors and motor control, lighting control and various control systems and also the process of designing and developing a mechanical engineering. A moving mechanical unit built with movement technology in the form of belt and pulleys and DC motors that enabled the ceiling lights horizontally and rotating motion. The lighting used, are two different kind RGB LED-lighting. It has also used a control system in the form of microcontrollers to control motors and lighting. At the end of the report presents the results and discussion of the project. / Detta projekt har gjorts i samarbete med företaget Planeten som ska bygga ett lekland. Projektet handlar om att utveckla en prototyp för att rotera och flytta på en taklampa horisontellt samt installera belysning i den som kan lysa med olika färger som går att styra. Lampans rörelse och färgbelysning ska vara tid och knappstyrd. Arbetet ger en överblick av elmotorer, motorstyrning, styrning av belysning och olika styrsystem samt processen att designa och bygga en mekanisk konstruktion. En rörlig ställning byggdes med förflyttningsteknik i form av rem och remskivor och likströmsmotorer som möjliggjorde lampans horisontellt och roterande rörelse. Till belysningen användes två sorters RGB LED-belysning. Dessutom togs det fram ett styrsystem i form av mikrokontroller för att styra motorer och belysning. I slutet av rapporten presenteras resultat och diskussion kring projektet.

Depression is commonly associated with abnormal sleep architecture. This thesis undertook to assess sleep architecture as a biological correlate of self and observer-rated depressive state, and consists of three studies. The first used a categorical approach to examine the association of sleep architecture with subjective mood in a community sample of 74 preoperative patients, and found no association between high depression scores and hypothesized sleep markers. The second followed 16 patients with Major Depression who were treated with the antidepressant mirtazapine in an 8 week longitudinal study during which they underwent polysomnography on 6 occasions. It was found that classes of sleep markers (REM latency or REM, arousal index, and slow wave sleep) tend to predict response when analyzed concurrently. The third study was methodological in nature, and found that commercially available software for automating eye movement counts did not show strong correspondence with visually scored polysomnographic data.

Depression is commonly associated with abnormal sleep architecture. This thesis undertook to assess sleep architecture as a biological correlate of self and observer-rated depressive state, and consists of three studies. The first used a categorical approach to examine the association of sleep architecture with subjective mood in a community sample of 74 preoperative patients, and found no association between high depression scores and hypothesized sleep markers. The second followed 16 patients with Major Depression who were treated with the antidepressant mirtazapine in an 8 week longitudinal study during which they underwent polysomnography on 6 occasions. It was found that classes of sleep markers (REM latency or REM, arousal index, and slow wave sleep) tend to predict response when analyzed concurrently. The third study was methodological in nature, and found that commercially available software for automating eye movement counts did not show strong correspondence with visually scored polysomnographic data.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe analizuojama daiktinės teisės koncepcija ir jos įsitvirtinimo Kontinentinėje teisėje priežastys, pateikiamas daiktinės teisės apibrėžimas, savybės, daiktinių teisių objektų genezė, autorius kritikuoja materialaus daikto koncepciją. Antrajame darbo skyriuje apžvelgiamas konkrečių daiktinių teisių turinys, šių daiktinių teisių turėtojų apsauga vykdymo procese ir nemokumo procesuose. Darbe analizuojamos nuosavybės teisė bei daiktiniai prievolių vykdymo užtikrinimo būdai – hipoteka ir įkeitimas. Poskyriuose apie hipoteką ir įkeitimą analizuojamas kreditorių daiktinių teisių apsaugos turinys ir mechanizmas vykdymo procese bei apsaugos turinio transformacijos įmonių bankroto bei restruktūrizavimo procesuose, apžvelgiamos naujovės priverstinės hipotekos reglamentavime Lietuvos Respublikoje, pateikiama absoliučiai privilegijuotos kreditorių–įkaito turėtojų padėties kritika, remiantis ekonominio efektyvumo, rizikos paskirstymo bei socialinio teisingumo kriterijais. Trečiajame darbo skyriuje analizuojamas Rusijos Federacijos teisės aktuose įtvirtintas kreditorių daiktinių teisių apsaugos teisinis reglamentavimas vykdymo procese bei nemokumo procesuose. Analizuojamos Rusijos Federacijos Civilinio Kodekso, Įstatymo dėl įkeitimo, Įstatymo dėl nekilnojamojo turto įkeitimo (hipotekos) bei kitų įstatymų nuostatos. Ketvirtajame darbo skyriuje analizuojamas kreditorių daiktinių teisių apsaugos mechanizmas esant nemokumo situacijai, kuri išeina už vienos Europos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The thesis analyses the concept of rights in rem, the circumstances of their establishment in the legal systems of Continental Europe. The author gives a brief description of rights in rem, emphasizes the features of them, investigates the genesis of objects falling under the definition. The author criticizes the concept of a material thing as an obsolete and unsuitable for the needs of a modern legal system. In the second section of the thesis, the author examines a substance of specific rights in rem, the protection of the right holders in the executory process and in the processes of bankruptcy and restructuring. The thesis is concentrated upon the law of property, mortgage and pawn. In the subsections regarding the latter two, the matters and mechanisms of right holders protection are being analyzed: firstly in a context of executory process, secondly - their transformations in the processes of insolvency. The insights concerning recent novelties in the regulation of compulsory mortgage in the Republic of Lithuania are given. The author considers a soundness of the exclusively privileged position of the secured creditors in the insolvency with regard to economic efficiency, risk–sharing and social equality. In the third section of the thesis the author analyses the right holders protection in Russian Federation: the research is based on the Russian Civil code, the Law on pawns, the Law on mortgages and other relevant laws. The fourth section of the thesis is dedicated to... [to full text]

As from the beginning of the 20th century, there has been a shift in the scale of architectural production as an outcome of advanced construction technologies, new range of building materials, automation of building services and progressive infrastructural networks. The increased physical capacity -the deeper and taller buildings- not only increased the scale of the architectural practice in relation with urban planning, but also presented architecture the possibility to offer a wider social programmation for the reorganization of the urban territory. The increase in the scale of architectural production, this study would argue, has given rise to a critical tension between the fields of architecture and urbanism. The aim of this study is to understand alternative positions towards the relationship between architecture and urbanism in the production of the city through a cross-reading of the architectural-urban theories of Le Corbusier and Rem Koolhaas. At a very preliminary investigation, the urban thinking of Le Corbusier represents the modernist ideal in architecture that is after the rational and linear architectural production of the city with all its social, cultural and economic components. The theory generated by Rem Koolhaas, on the other hand, represents the end of the modernist ideal on the city, since it refuses the possibility of imposing a rigid, definitive and stable program on the city through the mediation of architecture. What separates these two positions is the turning point in the social and cultural structure that was experienced in 1960&rsquo / s, but what makes possible a continuous reading is the both architect&rsquo / s attempt to radicalize the scale of the architectural production, with diverse approaches towards its programmation. The study is an attempt to make this comparative analysis in order to understand what has changed from one to another in terms of their understanding of form, scale, program and context in architectural production, as well as their position towards social programmation of the urban organization.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive / Coorientadora: Profª. Drª. Ana Chrystina de Souza Crippa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Interna. Defesa : Curitiba, 28/07/2017 / Inclui referências : f. 61-67 / Resumo: A ataxia espinocerebelar tipo 2 (AEC2) fenotipicamente se manifesta por síndrome cerebelar progressiva, lentidão dos movimentos sacádicos, disfunção cognitiva, neuropatia periférica, distúrbios do movimento e distúrbios do sono. É causada por uma mutação caracterizada pela presença do trinocleotídeo citosina-adenina-guanina (CAG) polimórfico, repetido e expandido na região codificadora do gene ATXN2 (12q24.1). Os distúrbios do sono são frequentes nas doenças neurodegenerativas e relatados em vários tipos de AECs. Entretanto, há poucos dados na literatura a respeito do sono e dos parâmetros polissonográficos nos pacientes com AEC2. Os objetivos do estudo foram identificar as alterações e distúrbios no sono de pacientes com AEC2; com ênfase nos dados polissonográficos, comparando os achados às alterações clínicas e genéticas. Investigou-se o sono de 17 pacientes, 10 do gênero masculino e 7 do feminino (46,47 ± 11,41 anos), que faziam acompanhamento no ambulatório de ataxias do Grupo de Distúrbios de Movimento do Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, com diagnóstico de AEC2 confirmado por teste genético, de março de 2015 a maio de 2016. Realizou-se uma avaliação padronizada com entrevista clínica, exame neurológico e graduação pela escala de avaliação de ataxia (SARA). Seguiu-se a aplicação do Questionário de Pittsburgh e a escala de Sonolência Diurna de Epworth. Os dados polissonográficos dos pacientes com AEC2 foram comparados com os achados de 17 controles saudáveis. O índice de apneiahipopneia obstrutiva (IAH) do sono esteve elevado em 14 (82,35%) pacientes, aumento do índice de despertares breves em 13 (76,47%). Doze apresentaram redução na proporção do sono REM (70,58%), ausência da densidade de REM (DREM) em 13 (76,47%) e redução de DREM em 4 (23,52%). Na análise comparativa com o grupo controle encontrou-se diferença significativa na eficiência do sono (P = 0,03), latência para o sono (P < 0,001), índice de despertares breves (P = 0,02), proporção de sono REM (P < 0,001) e DREM (P < 0,001). Houve correlação entres os registros polissonográficos dos pacientes mais graves de acordo com a escala SARA e a diminuição da DREM (r = -0,6; P = < 0,001); com maior tempo de evolução da doença e a redução da DREM (r = -0,52; P = 0,03) e comprometimento da ES (r = -0,55; P = 0,02). Não se encontrou paralelismo com o número de repetições de CAG. Conclui-se que a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono é um distúrbio comum, os exames polissonográficos revelaram alterações importantes principalmente no sono REM, a DREM apresentou uma correlação com a evolução temporal e clínica da AEC2. Palavras-chave: Ataxia; Sono REM; Densidade do sono REM, Distúrbios do sono. / Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is phenotypically manifested by a combination of progressive cerebellar syndrome, sluggish saccadic movements, cognitive dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, other variable movement disorders, and sleep disorders. It is caused by a mutation in the coding region of the ATXN2 gene (12q24.1) with an abnormally repeated polymorphic cytosine adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide. Sleep disturbances are rather common in neurodegenerative diseases and have been reported in several types of SCAs. However, there is limited data in the literature regarding sleep and polysomnographic parameters in patients with SAC2. The objectives of this study were to identify the disturbances in sleep of patients with SCA2, with emphasis on polysomnographic abnormalities and to compare them with both clinical and genetic findings. Sleep was investigated in 17 patients (10 males and 7 females; age 46.47 ± 11.41), who were followed up in the Ataxia outpatient clinic of the Movement Disorders Group of the Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, who had a genetically confirmed diagnosis of SCA2 from March 2015 to May 2016. All patients were evaluated according to a standardized assessment, which included a standardized clinical interview, neurological examination and evaluation of impairment according to the validated Brazilian version of the ataxia assessment scale (SARA), as well as evaluation of daytime sleepiness according to the Pittsburgh Questionnaire and the Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale. Furthermore, the polysomnographic findings of SCA2 patients were compared with those of 17 healthy controls. The obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of sleep was elevated in 14 (82.35%) patients, and there was also an increase in the index of brief awakenings in 13 (76.47%). Twelve subjects had a reduction in the proportion of REM sleep (70.58%), there was absence of REM density (DREM) in 13 (76.47%) and reduction in DREM in 4 (23.52%). In the comparative analysis with the control group, there was a significant difference in sleep efficiency (SE) (P = 0.03), sleep latency (P <0.001), arousal index (P = 0.02), proportion of REM sleep (P <0.001) and DREM (P <0.001). There was an indirect correlation between the polysomnographic records of those patients who were more severely compromised according to the SARA scale and the DREM decrease (r = -0.6; P = <0.001), and alteration of SE (R = -0.52, P = 0.02); with a longer duration of disease progression correlating with a more pronounced reduction in the DREM (r = -0.52, P = 0.03). No parallel was found with the number of CAG repeats. We concluded that Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a common disorder, the polysomnographic examination revealed marked abnormalities, mainly during REM sleep, and there was a correlation between a decrease in DREM with both temporal and clinical evolutions of SCA2. Key-words: ataxia; REM sleep; REM density; Sleep; Sleep disorders.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-15T22:16:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoshuaMichaelMartin_DISSERT.pdf: 2221771 bytes, checksum: 74b1d657dbbdcac47f35b00b842db1bc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-18T14:37:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoshuaMichaelMartin_DISSERT.pdf: 2221771 bytes, checksum: 74b1d657dbbdcac47f35b00b842db1bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T14:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoshuaMichaelMartin_DISSERT.pdf: 2221771 bytes, checksum: 74b1d657dbbdcac47f35b00b842db1bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A diferen?a entre a menta??o experimentada durante o sono de oculares r?pidos (REM) e o sono n?o-REM persiste como quest?o importante para investiga??o no campo de pesquisa dos sonhos. Estudos anteriores t?m mostrado que os relatos de sonho documentados depois do REM s?o, em m?dia, mais longos, v?vidos, bizarros, emocionais e com aspectos mais narrativos do que os relatos do n?o-REM. Apesar desses achados, falta uma compara??o estrutural entre relatos de sonho do REM e n?o-REM no que diz respeito ? organiza??o de palavra-a-palavra, e diversas medidas tradicionais de sonhos podem ser confundidas pelo comprimento do relato. A an?lise de fala transformada em grafos direcionados de palavras pode ser aplicada para fazer uma avalia??o estrutural de relatos verbais e tamb?m para controlar as diferen?as individuais de verbosidade. No presente estudo, tivemos como objetivo investigar as poss?veis diferen?as na conectividade dos relatos e sua aproxima??o a uma estrutura aleat?ria atrav?s da an?lise de grafos em 125 relatos de sonho obtidos por 19 participantes em despertares controlados nas fases de sono REM e N2. Constatou-se que: (1) grafos do REM possuem uma conectividade maior do que os do N2; entretanto, essas diferen?as n?o foram refletidas na aproxima??o a um grafo rand?mico; (2) diversas medidas de grafo podem predizer avalia??es externas da complexidade do sonho, onde a conectividade aumenta e sua natureza rand?mica cai em rela??o ? complexidade do relato; e (3) o Componente Maior Conectado (LCC) do grafo pode melhorar o ajuste de um modelo contendo o comprimento do relato como vari?vel no discernimento da fase do sono e na predi??o da complexidade do sonho. Esses resultados sugerem que os relatos do REM possuem uma conectividade maior do que os relatos do N2 (i.e. as palavras recorrem com uma dist?ncia maior), o que, em nossa vis?o, est? relacionado a diferen?as subjacentes na complexidade dos sonhos. Esses achados tamb?m apontam para a an?lise de grafos como um m?todo promissor no campo dos sonhos, devido ? sua rela??o com a complexidade do sonho e ao seu potencial de atuar como uma medida complementar ao comprimento do relato. / The extent to which Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM) mentation may differ to that of non-REM remains an important area of enquiry in dream research. Previous studies have found that dream reports collected after REM awakenings are, on average, longer, more vivid, bizarre, emotional and story-like compared to those collected after non-REM. Despite this, a comparison of the word-to-word structural organisation of dream reports is lacking, and traditional measures that distinguish REM and non-REM dreaming may be confounded by report length. The analysis of speech as directed word graphs can be suitably applied, as it provides a structural assessment of verbal reports, while controlling for differences in verbosity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the differences in the connectedness of dream reports and their approximation to a random-like structure through applying speech graph analysis to 125 mentation reports obtained from 19 participants in controlled laboratory awakenings from REM and N2 sleep. We found that: (1) transformed graphs from REM possess a larger connectedness compared to those from N2; (2) measures of graph structure can predict ratings of dream complexity, where increases in connectedness and decreases in their random-like nature are observed in relation to increasing dream report complexity; and (3) the Largest Connected Component (LCC) can improve a model containing report length in predicting sleep stage and dream complexity. These results suggest that REM dream reports have a larger connectedness compared to N2 (i.e. words recur with a longer range), which we interpret to be related to underlying differences in dream complexity. They also point to speech graph analysis as a promising method for dream research, due to its relation to dream complexity and its potential to complement report length in dream analysis.