Representation of ethnic communities is a matter of importance for Canada. Members of various ethnic communities tend to be habitual non-voters, not engaged into political life. This thesis examines how five Liberal Members of Parliament from the city of Winnipeg Interviews were used to get a better understanding of practices, used by five Liberal Members of Parliament from the city of Winnipeg during and after their campaigns in 2015. This allowed for a better understanding of how do MPs reach out to their ethnic community constituents, learn about their needs. It was found that differences in the way MPs reach out to ethnic communities were mainly attributing to differences in riding ecology, personal view and preferences, and communities MPs work with. / February 2017

Detta arbete är en kandidatuppsats i socialpsykologi som är skriven vid Umeå universitet 2016. Syftet för denna systematiska textanalys har varit att skapa en nyanserad bild av Aftonbladet och Expressens representationer av huliganer och huliganism. Samt att belysa möjlig påverkan dessa representationer kan ha för hur den svenska huliganismen beter sig. Resultaten av analysen har visat att tidningarna i urvalet stereotypiserar personer genom sociala miljöer och konkreta händelser. De naturaliserar en vilja eller ett behov av våld genom maskulinitet, publicerar för effekt och sensationaliserar i sina representationer av huliganer och huliganism. Aftonbladet och Expressen försöker ge en nyanserad bild främst genom maskulinitet och trots som individernas anledningar till att delta i sociala miljöer och konkreta händelseförlopp när de rapporterar om huliganer och huliganism. Samt att tidningarna framställer personer genom specifika personlighetsbeskrivningar och egenskaper, och händelser genom specifika händelseförlopp som kategoriseras eller stereotypiseras som huliganism. Analysen av dessa frågeställningar har lämnat en väl belyst bild av hur Aftonbladet och Expressens rapporteringar av huliganer och huliganism sett ut 2014 och 2015. Därigenom presenteras i uppsatsen, för att uppfylla arbetets syfte och för att försöka fylla kunskapsluckan inom forskningen om svensk huliganism, entypologi innehållande sex kategorier. Denna typologi består av kategorierna; 1. positiv supporterkultur, 2. gråzon, 3. negativ supporterkultur, 4. ultras/supras, 5. firmakultur och 6.huliganismkategorin.

This thesis consists of three distinct but interconnecting case studies that took place between 2007 and 2010 in collaboration with Warwick Arts Centre (WAC), Britain’s second largest multi-arts venue. The study developed practice-led methods to investigate the dynamic interactions between notions and perceptions of ‘multiculturalism’ and ‘internationalism’ in relation to WAC’s theatre and performance programming and education activities. The first case study is a qualitative audience reception study designed to make sense of WAC’s programme in relation to multicultural and international issues. The second case study focuses on an educational outreach project that placed two local schools in collaboration with a commissioned teacher-artist and a University of Warwick academic. These encounters inspired the final case study, which made use of WAC’s newly built Creative Space as a site for a devising project with young people from nearby Coventry, culminating in a performance for an invited audience. The thesis explores the varied complexities that frame ‘multiculturalism’ by focusing on its origins as a political concept in post-1945 Britain and its subsequent association with contemporary contentious social, political and cultural national and international issues. An analysis of the negative effects of ‘multiculturalism’ is balanced by considerations of the project’s emergent concepts: ‘hospitality’ and ‘conviviality’, which articulate the possibilities of living in diversity in more ‘positive’ terms. These paradigms reverberate throughout each case study, informing their methodologies, influencing their conceptual frameworks and placing ‘multiculturalism’ in more dynamic and relevant dimensions of pedagogical and creative practices. Each case study considers collaboration between strangers and investigates the potential of WAC as a hospitable and convivial environment. These new perspectives demonstrate the optimistic possibilities of creative and humane action for producing a ‘positive multiculturalism’.

This thesis is an analysis of the responses in the early modern period of civic and church authorities to local and visiting groups of players in Gloucester, Tewkesbury and Bristol. It is also an examination of the venues in which these groups performed. Reactions to these groups varied, and this study explores how these, both positive and negative, were affected by economic, legal and cultural factors. The thesis proceeds chronologically, and is thus divided into twenty-year intervals in order to draw the most effective comparisons between the three urban centres over a number of decades. The first period under examination, the 1560s, records the early reaction of the three settlements to the phenomenon of the Elizabethan travelling company. The relationship between the regional authorities and the patrons comes to the fore in the second period, the 1580s, as the dominance of the ambitious Earl of Leicester grew in the region. Legislation decreeing the withdrawal of mayoral control over itinerant troupes at the close of the sixteenth century, the third period, released civic officials from previous obligations and this influenced the level and character of their hospitality towards the ‘noble’ companies. Although evidence is scarce, the records of Gloucester, Tewkesbury and Bristol contain clues to an attitude towards these entertainers during the reign of James I, the final period under scrutiny. The study is based on the extant economic records for the region, as these contain much fruitful information. This thesis consciously places itself in dialogue with the internationally acclaimed REED Project, and draws on the information collated by the editors of the volumes for Bristol and Gloucestershire. A parallel examination of the entries into municipal records of the three towns, and the areas around them, in conjunction with genealogical and topographical evidence, has allowed for an interpretation of the data in a wide regional context, revealing that although each town tolerated players in their municipal spaces, with the officials personally entertaining the companies on some occasions, the reception of the companies varied significantly from town to town and across the historic period.

This study offers a case study of women’s political participation and representation in pro-Kurdish politics in Turkey since 1990s. Kurdish women have been double oppressed in Turkey due to both their ethnic identity and gender identity. They have been mobilized by the Kurdish national movement for the Kurdish national cause and joined both Kurdish armed and political struggles from the early 1990s. From the foundation of the first pro-Kurdish political party, the People’s Labour Party [Halkın Emek Partisi- HEP] in 1990, Kurdish women have actively been involved in pro- Kurdish party politics. However, the pro-Kurdish party failed in promoting egalitarian gender values, policies and supporting women’s inclusion in decision-making until the end of 1990s except the election of the first Kurdish woman deputy, Leyla Zana in 1991. Women’s participation and representation in pro-Kurdish party politics have significantly advanced numerically since 1990s. In contrast to the general picture of women’s underrepresentation in Turkey’s politics, the proportion of Kurdish women representatives has been increasing in representation bodies. Therefore, this research aims to examine the Kurdish case through conducting an intensive field research in order to explain the reasons and factors behind these developments. This research is an empirical case study, primarily based on qualitative analysis of face-to-face in-depth semi-structured interviews of female political activists and participant observations held during field research. On the basis of empirical data gathered from field research and an analysis of pro-Kurdish party characteristics, its gender policies and female political activists’ roles in representation bodies, this study argues that the pro-Kurdish politics has gradually been feminizing which refers to an increase in women’s both descriptive and substantive representation since the beginning of 2000s. The changes and developments in terms of women’s representation in pro-Kurdish politics are framed as a process of feminization; which can simply be defined as a process for women to be included in political decision-making both in numbers and ideas for representing women’s interests. In this regard, this thesis searches for answers for two essential questions: how has the pro-Kurdish party politics been feminized and what difference has been made in pro-Kurdish politics since women are increasingly taking part in decision-making processes. Thus, this study assesses whether descriptive representation links to women's substantive representation in pro-Kurdish politics. The examination of Kurdish women’s representation based on the feminizing politics approach does not only theoretically contribute to broaden the scope of feminizing politics but it also broadens the scope of the concepts of descriptive and substantive representation included in this approach. In this respect, this thesis will demonstrate that the analysis of the Kurdish women case in the context of feminizing politics presents several insights about the women‘s political representation and put forth how political parties and actors strategically interact in changing women‘s political representation.

This thesis investigates the relationship between female performers, mass culture and the avant-garde in fin-de-siecle Paris. The work of the dancers, Jane Avril and Loïe Fuller, has received critical attention as the representation of either the popular stage or of early modernist experimentation, but not as an example of the site where these two artificially constructed classifications coalesced. This study seeks to fill that gap by offering a framework through which the experimental performance of these mass-cultural, female celebrities can be renegotiated in its immediate historical context. The argument is framed within the inherent dualism of the ideology and social constructions that shaped the fin de siecle. These binaries are considered alongside the cultural transformations that were demanded by the rapidly developing commodity culture of the period; a process that reveals the progressive destabilisation of these values and ideas as the new century approached. Chapter one engages with the theoretical concepts of the gaze that have framed approaches to voyeurism and objectification during the period. Chapter two discusses the problematic relationship between feminism and corporeality, a theme that is extended in chapter three with an investigation of responses to the new social role of the female celebrity. Chapter four focuses on the dancer Jane Avril and reveals the manner in which her performance subverted the contemporary associations between femininity, insanity and eroticism. Chapter five concludes this thesis with an exploration of the centrality of the work of Loïe Fuller to autonomous female performance and the avantgarde.

This thesis investigates the role of representations and intersubjectivity in explaining pretend play of young children. Its goal is to show that basic forms of pretending can be explained without recourse to mental representations. The thesis targets two aspects of pretence: imagining (underlying the ability to act as if), and guiding (underlying the ability to play in specific ways). It proposes an alternative account of pretence to cognitivist accounts that dominate in the literature. The alternative account is based on enactivism; it proposes to explain pretending through dynamic interactions of environmental affordances and animal effectivities in context. The thesis emphasises the role of social and environmental factors as well as cultural engagements in shaping the relevant context for pretence to occur. The thesis is an important contribution both to the literature on pretence as well as to philosophy of mind. While the topic of pretence is narrow, considering it through enactive lens involves considering some of the most debated issues, such as the applicability of mechanistic explanations to studying cognition.

Power of attorney and its significance in civil law First, in my thesis I generally dealt with the representations, I outlined the historical development, I mentioned very briefly adjustment of the legal representation and then I examined the conditions a person must meet in order to become a representative. The emphasis was put mainly on the distinction of the various terms associated with the institution of representation by power of attorney, as a unilateral act of the principal. Although the main part of the thesis was focused on adjustment in the Civil Code, I also mentioned provisions of the Commercial Code and a separate chapter is devoted to modify the representation by power of attorney in the Civil Procedure Code. The importance of representation by power of attorney is very significant, so I explored this part in a separate chapter. As this institute is used in practice almost every day, I focused on individual persons authorized to represent and on their most important rights and obligations. The aim of the chapter on certain types of contracts was only to point out some differences between them, not to provide their detailed analysis. An interesting and inspiring chapter then focuses on the comparison of Czech legislation with the legislation of Australia. In the last chapter I tried...

Diploma thesis - Department of commercial law Procuration as a type of representation in business relations abstract The opening of diploma thesis on the given theme deals with the ways of action of an entrepreneur including it's forms and especially concentrates on the entrepreneur's acts according to § 20 of the Civil Code. Chapter two deals with the institute of representation and briefly try to outline the legal representation of entrepreneurs-legal entities according to the Commercial Code. The major part concentrates on contractual representation and proxy which are subsidiary applicable to the procuration according to § 1 paragraph 2 of the Commercial Code. The first and second chapter forms a necessary basis for the next part of the thesis. A third chapter of the thesis deals with the history of procuration. Chapter focuses on the progression of legislation in the Czech lands since 1863 when the Austrian Commercial Code was adopted until 1st January 1991 when the Czech Commercial Code was adopted. Individual sub-chapters compare regulation of the procuration according to individual acts, quote relevant case law which interprets questionable matters. Fourth chapter of the thesis focuses on the procuration according to the Commercial Code (Act No. 513/1991 Coll.). It compares the previous legislation...

The media plays a crucial role in framing social issues, and it decides whether and how these issues become social problems of wider public concern. This study offers a detailed analysis of this process with regard to the reporting of issues related to migrant workers over the last two decades in Chinese evening newspapers. Using data from evening newspapers in Jinan, a combination of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, and discourse analysis are used to explore how these representations have changed. The findings show that, contrary to the previous studies which found that representations of migrant workers in the Chinese evening newspapers tended to be mainly negative, portrayals of migrant workers, in reality, are more dynamic and complex. Actually, positive reports about migrant workers have dominated some evening newspapers. Using a large number of interviews with senior management staff and journalists, this study also illuminates the reasons for the changing representations of migrant workers in the evening newspapers, which are the result of the interaction of politics, market forces and professional practice of Chinese journalists.