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Optimization of stochastic vehicle routing with soft time windowsGuo, Zigang., 郭自剛. January 2006 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
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The underpinnings for successful route tourism development in South AfricaLourens, Marlien 26 May 2008 (has links)
This study examines the critical success factors of route tourism development.
The aim is to provide a set to practical planning guidelines to assist the
successful implementation of routes on a local level. Lessons are drawn from
case studies of the Camino de Santiago in Spain, the heritage trails in
Queensland, Australia, Hadrian’s Wall in the United Kingdom and of the Midlands
Meander in South Africa. Routes are considered important because it
demonstrated to be an effective vehicle for local economic development. The
evidence of their positive impact on rural economies is confirmed throughout the
case studies. It is argued that the successful development of tourism routes is
not an exact science and emerging destinations often have many hurdles to
overcome. Through an analysis of these four case studies, the study explores the
elements of themed routes that constitute successful destinations and highlights
the importance of planning, promotion and institutional development.
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Prospecção tecnológica na área de biotecnologia: uma abordagem baseada em rotas tecnológicas / Technology forecasting in biotechnology: a technological route based approachLinares, Ian Marques Porto 22 January 2015 (has links)
A prospecção tecnológica é a disciplina que trata das atividades de busca e predição de tecnologias de interesse, sendo uma importante ferramenta para empresas e governos. Já o campo da biotecnologia consiste de um dos mais férteis quanto à produção acadêmica e industrial, tendo impacto alto na economia mundial. O presente trabalho focou na intersecção destes dois assuntos, utilizando a disciplina de análises de redes sociais como intermediária. Entre os objetivos buscados estavam sugerir modificações no modelo de classificação de patentes biotecnológicas, descrever a distribuição destas patentes quando agrupadas em redes, e desenvolver uma metodologia de prospecção tecnológica com base nas rotas de desenvolvimento tecnológico presentes nas redes de patentes. As sub-áreas escolhidas para o foco do estudo foram as da biotecnologia agrícola (vegetal) e purificação de água, sendo descritas com base em suas características patentárias. Entre os resultados estão uma nova proposta de aperfeiçoamento de classificação de patentes biotecnológicas, uma nova metodologia para representações de redes de patentes com base em algoritmos de modularidade propostos por Blondel et al. (2008), sendo esta demostrada nos temas estudados. Por fim, o algoritmo SPLC proposto por Hummon e Doreian (1989) foi adaptado de ferramenta para identificação de rotas de desenvolvimento de maior relevância para redes tecnológicas, para uma ferramenta prospectiva de uso em redes de patentes de grande porte. Para a aplicação da ferramenta deste tipo de rede, um plug-in para software de análise de redes sociais foi desenvolvido, com funcionalidades adicionais que agregam ao algoritmo original. As rotas de desenvolvimento tecnológico geradas são passíveis de análises prospectivas posteriores. Não foram encontrados registros de estudos semelhantes na literatura. / Technological forecasting is the subject that tackles the activities of search and prediction of technological innovation, and is considered an important tool for both companies and governments. As for the field of biotechnology, it is one of the richest in terms academic and industrial production, and possess a high impact in the world economy. This study focused in the intersection between this two subjects, using social network analysis as the bridge them. Amongst the objectives was the suggestion of changes in in the classification of biotechnological patents, the description of patents when these are grouped in networks, and the development of a new technological forecasting methodology based on the development routes present in the patent networks. The biotechnology subjects this study focused were plant agriculture and water purification, and their description was elaborated based on their patent characteristics. The results range from a new proposition to the enhancement of the current biotechnological patent classification, to a new method for patent network representation based on the modularity algorithm proposed by Blonde et al. (2008), which was demonstrated in the studied subjects. The last result was related to the SPLC algorithm proposed by Hummon and Doreian (1989) which was adapted from a tool of identification of the most relevant technological development routes, to a technological forecasting tool which can be used in large sized patent networks. For the application of this tool in such networks, a plug-in to a social network software was developed, with added functionalities that enhance the original algorithm. The generated technological development routes of the studied subjects can be used for future forecasting analysis. There has not been found any study similar to this in the literature.
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Avaliação dos perfis metabolômicos, proteômicos, vias de proliferação e morte celular do saco vitelino de embriões bovinos / Evaluation of metabolomic, proteomic profiles, proliferation and cell death pathways of the yolk sac in bovine embryosRiveros, Alvaro Carlos Galdos 11 December 2012 (has links)
O saco vitelino esta presente em todas as espécies de vertebrados e desempenha importantes funções no desenvolvimento do embrião até a fase de placentação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o funcionamento do saco vitelino de embriões bovinos atentando para os aspectos morfológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares e suas relações ultraestruturais, bioquímicas e moleculares. Foram avaliados 69 amostras de SVEB distribuídos da seguinte forma: Grupo I (23-27), Grupo II (28-32), Grupo III (33-37), Grupo IV (38-42), Grupo V (43-47) e Grupo VI (48-52) dais de gestação. Os resultados inferem que o saco vitelino de embriões bovinos apresenta atividade proliferativa durante os primeiros dois grupos analisados, a presença de apoptose e necrose foram encontrados nos grupos restantes. A presença de importantes metabolitos como a alanina, mio-inositol, taurina, colina, glicerofosfocolina, cadaverina, glutamato, glutamina, lactato, hidrouracila, creatina, creatinina, aspartato e lisina; e proteínas como filamentos de actina ou tubulina do citoesqueleto, histona, sub unidades da hemoglobina, HSP-β1, proteína ribossomal, marcadores da matrix extracelular vimentina, alfafetoproteina e transferrina. Estas proteínas estão relacionadas diretamente com a formação de metabólitos secundários e foram encontradas durante todos os períodos estudados, com exceção da alanina que foi identificada somente no grupo I, ativando diversas proteínas e metabolitos, que estão envolvidos em vias de sinalização que promovem a ativação dos mecanismos de morte celular programada e na diferenciação celular, as quais iniciam as etapas da involução do saco vitelino e de outras estruturas no embrião, e assim dar inicio à placentação. / The yolk sac is present in all vertebrate species, and plays important roles in the developing embryo until the arrival of the placenta. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functioning of the yolk sac of bovine embryos and how the morphological, biochemical and molecular related, one ultrastructural analysis, biochemical and molecular analysis was performed. For these purpose we evaluated 69 samples of YSBE distributed as follows: Group I (23- 27), Group II (28-32), Group III (33-37), Group IV (38-42), Group V (43-47) and Group VI (48-52) days of pregnancy. The results infer that the yolk sac of bovine embryos has proliferative activity during the first two groups analyzed, the presence of apoptosis and necrosis were found in the remaining groups. The presence of major metabolites such as alanine, myo-inositol, taurine, choline, glicerofosfocolina, cadaverine, glutamate, glutamine, lactate, hydrouracile, creatine, creatinine, aspartate and lysine, proteins such as tubulin and actin cytoskeleton, histone, subunits of hemoglobin, HSP-β1, ribosomal protein, vimentin, markers of extracellular matrix, alpha-1-fetoprotein and transferrin. These proteins are related to the metabolites and were found throughout the study period, with the exception of alanine which was found in Group I, activating many proteins and metabolites that are involved in signaling pathways that trigger cell death mechanisms that originated the involution of the yolk sac, and thus give way to the beginning of placentation.
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Avaliação dos perfis metabolômicos, proteômicos, vias de proliferação e morte celular do saco vitelino de embriões bovinos / Evaluation of metabolomic, proteomic profiles, proliferation and cell death pathways of the yolk sac in bovine embryosAlvaro Carlos Galdos Riveros 11 December 2012 (has links)
O saco vitelino esta presente em todas as espécies de vertebrados e desempenha importantes funções no desenvolvimento do embrião até a fase de placentação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o funcionamento do saco vitelino de embriões bovinos atentando para os aspectos morfológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares e suas relações ultraestruturais, bioquímicas e moleculares. Foram avaliados 69 amostras de SVEB distribuídos da seguinte forma: Grupo I (23-27), Grupo II (28-32), Grupo III (33-37), Grupo IV (38-42), Grupo V (43-47) e Grupo VI (48-52) dais de gestação. Os resultados inferem que o saco vitelino de embriões bovinos apresenta atividade proliferativa durante os primeiros dois grupos analisados, a presença de apoptose e necrose foram encontrados nos grupos restantes. A presença de importantes metabolitos como a alanina, mio-inositol, taurina, colina, glicerofosfocolina, cadaverina, glutamato, glutamina, lactato, hidrouracila, creatina, creatinina, aspartato e lisina; e proteínas como filamentos de actina ou tubulina do citoesqueleto, histona, sub unidades da hemoglobina, HSP-β1, proteína ribossomal, marcadores da matrix extracelular vimentina, alfafetoproteina e transferrina. Estas proteínas estão relacionadas diretamente com a formação de metabólitos secundários e foram encontradas durante todos os períodos estudados, com exceção da alanina que foi identificada somente no grupo I, ativando diversas proteínas e metabolitos, que estão envolvidos em vias de sinalização que promovem a ativação dos mecanismos de morte celular programada e na diferenciação celular, as quais iniciam as etapas da involução do saco vitelino e de outras estruturas no embrião, e assim dar inicio à placentação. / The yolk sac is present in all vertebrate species, and plays important roles in the developing embryo until the arrival of the placenta. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functioning of the yolk sac of bovine embryos and how the morphological, biochemical and molecular related, one ultrastructural analysis, biochemical and molecular analysis was performed. For these purpose we evaluated 69 samples of YSBE distributed as follows: Group I (23- 27), Group II (28-32), Group III (33-37), Group IV (38-42), Group V (43-47) and Group VI (48-52) days of pregnancy. The results infer that the yolk sac of bovine embryos has proliferative activity during the first two groups analyzed, the presence of apoptosis and necrosis were found in the remaining groups. The presence of major metabolites such as alanine, myo-inositol, taurine, choline, glicerofosfocolina, cadaverine, glutamate, glutamine, lactate, hydrouracile, creatine, creatinine, aspartate and lysine, proteins such as tubulin and actin cytoskeleton, histone, subunits of hemoglobin, HSP-β1, ribosomal protein, vimentin, markers of extracellular matrix, alpha-1-fetoprotein and transferrin. These proteins are related to the metabolites and were found throughout the study period, with the exception of alanine which was found in Group I, activating many proteins and metabolites that are involved in signaling pathways that trigger cell death mechanisms that originated the involution of the yolk sac, and thus give way to the beginning of placentation.
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An analysis of bulk milk allocation among selected processing facilitiesSchmidt, Dennis Ray January 2011 (has links)
Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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La conservation des plantes rares menacées par la construction routière : une expérience de transplantation avec "Carex platyphylla carey" (Cyperaceae)Bachand-Lavallée, Virginie January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Au Québec, la crise de la biodiversité est importante puisqu'une espèce de plante vasculaire indigène sur cinq se trouve en situation précaire. Bien que le problème n'en soit souvent qu'un d'extinction locale, il peut s'étendre de façon cumulative à l'échelle régionale comme c'est le cas dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent où de nombreuses espèces végétales sont à la limite septentrionale de leur aire de répartition. Les points chauds de la rareté au Québec se situent dans le sud du territoire, là où se concentre aussi la population du Québec. Étant une activité anthropique associée de façon importante au développement urbain, la construction routière a des impacts majeurs sur les milieux naturels, entre autres par le biais de la destruction d'espèces sessiles et de leur habitat dont les espèces de plantes menacées. Trois approches fondamentales ont été développées afin d'atténuer les impacts possibles d'un projet de développement routier (ou autre) sur la nature: l'évitement; l'atténuation et la compensation écologique. La mitigation d'impact de la construction routière offre peu d'options lorsque la déviation du tracé ou l'évitement sont exclus: la compensation par la conservation des espèces devient alors inévitable. Les espèces menacées peuvent être conservées par la protection d'habitats résiduels aux sites détruits qui seraient les hôtes de populations de l'espèces cibles, par la conservation ex situ ou hors-site en institutions et/ou par la relocalisation en milieu naturel. Pour sauvegarder les populations de ces espèces, la transplantation est une approche de relocalisation souvent utilisée. Cependant, cette méthode est contestée pour son efficacité étant donné le faible taux de réussite. Le succès de la relocalisation peut être amélioré considérablement en tenant compte davantage de la biologie de l'espèce. Dans cette optique, nous avons réalisé une expérience de transplantation sur le carex à feuilles larges (Carex platyphylla) en fonction de son habileté compétitrice. Cette espèce herbacée pérenne est susceptible d'être désignée vulnérable ou menacée et était présente dans une section de l'emprise de la future autoroute 50 entre Ottawa et Montréal. Nous avons évalué l'impact des manipulations sur la croissance et la survie des plants. Nous avons transplanté 192 plants dans trois sites de qualité situés dans le parc de la Gatineau. Trente-deux plants ont été laissés sur le site d'origine à titre de témoins de l'expérience. Sur les sites expérimentaux, les transplants ont été répartis également en deux placettes de 32 plants chacune. Une des deux placettes a été désherbée afin d'éliminer la compétition et l'autre n'a subi aucun traitement. Pour chacun des plants, le nombre de feuilles, le nombre de tiges florales, le nombre de ramets ont été dénombrés. Le nombre d'akènes produits a été estimé à partir des données récoltées sur une partie de la population. De plus, la survie a été évaluée à chacune des placettes. Des analyses de variance à deux critères de classification, des analyses de fréquences et des tests non-paramétriques indiquent après une saison de croissance, que la transplantation a réussi alors que la survie des plants était de 87,5 %. Cependant, le désherbage n'améliore pas le succès de la transplantation pour C. platyphylla. Nous suggérons d'autres méthodes pour améliorer le succès de transplantation de cette espèce, telles que l'application d'herbicides et l'augmentation de la luminosité. Enfin, cette étude a permis de consolider trois populations de C. platyphylla ainsi que d'augmenter les connaissances sur la conservation de C. platyphylla, une information transférable à de nombreuses espèces de Carex sp., notamment celles de la section Laxiflorae. L'effet site observé dans nos résultats indique que des recherches futures portant sur les exigences écologiques des plantes à statut précaire à l'échelle des micro-habitats devraient être bénéfiques dans la mise en oeuvre de stratégies améliorées de transplantation de cette espèce dans un contexte de mesures de mitigation. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Carex platyphylla, Route, Conservation, Plantes menacées, Transplantation, Contexte de mitigation.
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Modalités de contamination du ray-grass par les éléments du groupe platine et les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques à proximité des voies routièresTankari Dan-Badjo, Abdourahamane Rychen, Guido January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thèse de doctorat : Sciences agronomiques : INPL : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
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Transporto logistika UAB „Volvina“ / Transport logistics UAB „Volvina“Užkurytė, Ernesta 21 August 2013 (has links)
Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe atliekamas UAB „Volvina“ transporto logistikos veiklos vertinimas. Darbą sudaro dvi pagrindinės dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje apžvelgiama transporto logistika teoriniu aspektu: apibrėžiamos logistikos, jos sistemų ir transporto logistikos sampratos, pateikiama informacija apie maršrutų planavimą ir svarbą bei transporto įmonių veiklos efektyvumą. Antroje praktinėje darbo dalyje pateikiama UAB „Volvina“ charakteristika ir UAB „Volvina“ transporto logistikos vertinimas: transporto priemonių ir krovinių gabenimo paslaugos analizė bei maršrutų planavimo ir transportavimo procesų vertinimas. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados ir rekomendacijos, kurios leidžia spręsti apie UAB „Volvina“ vykdomos veiklos efektyvumą ir siūlomus pokyčius gerinant įmonės darbo kokybę. / The Bachelor's paper performs an assessment of the transport logistics activity of the company Volvina, UAB. The paper consists of two parts. The first part provides an overview of the transport logistics in the theoretical aspect: defines the conceptions of logistics, its systems and transport logistics, provides the information about route planning and its importance and the efficiency of transport companies' performance. The second practical part of the paper presents the characteristic of the company Volvina, UAB and the assessment of transport logistics of the company Volvina, UAB: an analysis of vehicles and freight services, and the evaluation of route planning and transportation processes. At the end of the paper, we have presented the conclusions and recommendations that allow judging about the effectiveness of the activities performed by the company Volvina, UAB and the proposed changes on improvement of the company's performance. The aim of the research is to assess the transport logistics activities of the company Volvina, UAB.
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Le Prix de la route : essai sur la tarification publique /Guillemin, Christophe. January 1976 (has links)
Texte remanié de: Thèse--Sc. écon.--Paris I, 1973. / Bibliogr. p. 143-150.
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