Die Kaiserschnittrate erhöhte sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten in zahlreichen geburtshilflichen Kliniken. Diese Entwicklung ist problematisch, weil damit eine erhöhte pulmonale Morbidität der Neugeborenen verbunden sein kann. Die vor­ liegende Arbeit untersucht die Anpassung von späten Frühgeborenen (34,0–36,6 SSW) und 2 Gruppen von reifen Neugeborenen (37,0–37,6 und 40,6–40,6 SSW) in einem Level 1 Zentrum in Abhängigkeit vom Geburtsmodus. Eingeschlos­ sen wurden primär gesunde Kinder, die im Verlauf eines Jahres geboren wurden. Ausge­ schlossen wurden Kinder mit nachgewiesener angeborener Anomalie und Kinder mit einer schweren Anpassungsstörung (Apgar 5‘<6). Die Kaiserschnittrate lag bei 22% und war am höch­ sten bei späten Frühgeborenen (39%) im Ver­ gleich zu Kindern der 37. (30 %) und der 40. SSW (11%). Die Rate der Kinder, die mit CPAP behan­ delt werden mussten fiel von 88 % in der 34. SSW auf 17% in der 37. und 8% in der 40. SSW. Kinder nach Kaiserschnitt mussten im Vergleich zur spontan geborenen Kindern signifikant häufiger mit CPAP therapiert werden (50 vs. 12%). Dieser Unterschied war für späte Frühgeborene deutlich (82 vs. 36 %) und lag niedriger bei in der 37. (33 vs. 9 %) und 40. (26 vs. 6 %) SSW geborenen Kindern. Der deutlichste Unterschied fiel bei in der 36. SSW geborenen Kindern auf (66 vs. 9%). Die Ergebnisse der Analyse dokumentieren, dass ein Kaiserschnitt bei primär gesunden Kindern zu einer schlechteren respiratorischen Anpassung führt. Dies gilt besonders, jedoch nicht nur, für späte Frühgeborene und dort besonders für Kinder, die in der 36. SSW geboren werden. Die weltweit wachsende Rate von Kaiserschnittent­ bindungen sollte immer wieder kritisch hinter­ fragt werden. Eine Kaiserschnittentbindung ohne klare Indikation führt zu einer erhöhten Rate an respiratorischen Anpassungsstörungen, zur neo­ natologischen Aufnahme der Kinder und damit verbunden zu einer Störung der Mutter­Kind­Bindung, sowie zu einer unnötigen finanziellen Belastung des Gesundheitssystems. Es ist zu wünschen, dass die Daten der Studie benutzt werden, um in der Diskussion zwischen Eltern, Geburtshelfern und Neo­ natologen immer den besten Geburtsweg für das Kind zu finden. / The rates of delivery by Cesarean section (CS) have been trending upwards in recent decades, perhaps leading to higher rates of dysfunction in respiratory adaptation in newborns. We present epidemiological data for pulmonary adaptation by mode of delivery for healthy late preterm and term infants born at a regional tertiary care center. The overall CS rate was 22 % with the lar­ gest proportion of these in late preterms (39%). This drops to 30% in infants born after 37 weeks gestation and to 11% for those born after 40 weeks. Infants needing respiratory support de­ creased significantly as gestational age increased: 88% at 34 weeks, 67% at 35 weeks, 28% at 36 weeks, 17% at 37 weeks and 8% at 40 weeks. The risk of respiratory morbidity following CS as compared to vaginal delivery (VD) was substan­ tially higher. 50% of infants born by CS needed respiratory support compared to only 12% fol­ lowing VD. 82% of all late preterm infants born by CS developed respiratory morbidity compared to 36 % following VD. Comparable data for infants born after 37 and 40 weeks gestation were 33% compared to 9 % and 26 % compared to 6 % respec­ tively. Late preterm infants born after 36 weeks gestation showed the most marked difference by mode of birth with 66 % needing respiratory sup­ port following CS as compared to only 9 % follow­ ing VD. Our data could be useful in counselling parents about risk associated with delivery by Cesarean section. A critical view should be taken of increasing CS rates worldwide because of a clear correlation in increased morbidity in infants, especially late preterm infants.

Submitted by camilla martins (camillasmmartins@gmail.com) on 2017-02-21T19:36:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ClassificacaoAutomaticaModulacao.pdf: 1115069 bytes, checksum: 3c89f6f8dfa6c6abf056f389dca1faf5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-02-22T16:29:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ClassificacaoAutomaticaModulacao.pdf: 1115069 bytes, checksum: 3c89f6f8dfa6c6abf056f389dca1faf5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T16:29:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ClassificacaoAutomaticaModulacao.pdf: 1115069 bytes, checksum: 3c89f6f8dfa6c6abf056f389dca1faf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-19 / CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A principal finalidade dos algoritmos para classificação automáica de modulacão em um receptor inteligente para rádio cognitivo ou aplicacões militares é a identificacão da modulacão de um sinal para que o receptor possa, posteriormente, realizar o processo de de modulacão e em seguida o processamento da informacão recebida. A falta de conhecimento acerca de parâmetros como, por exemplo: potência do sinal, frequência e fase da portadora, sincronismo temporal e outros; somados aos efeitos dos canais como desvanecimento de multipercurso, tornam o problema de classificação automática de modulacão desafiador e bastante investigado atualmente. Neste contexto, esta Tese apresenta uma investigação sobre algoritmos de classificação automática de modulacão baseados na aprendizagem discriminativa e avalia o desempenho dos mesmos em distintos cenários de uso. A Tese apresenta uma nova proposta de classificação baseada no extrator de parâmetro (front end) chamado de HISTO. A classificação é realizada sobre os síımbolos recebidos, onde os histogramas de magnitude e fase são calculados. Os resultados obtidos usam o extrator de parâmetro proposto e o algo- ritmo Máquina de Vetores de Suporte (MVS), os quais são comparados com outras técnicas. Na literatura, alguns dos algoritmos propostos são avaliados assumindo-se o conhecimento de parâmetros da modulacão e em cenários distintos, dificultando a comparação entre os algoritmos. Nesta Tese, algoritmos representativos do estado da arte são comparados com os propostos de maneira sistemática e uniforme, incluindo-se cenários não-ideais como os com phase jitter e offset de frequência. Os resultados das simulações mostram que proposta de classificação baseada em histogramas é eficiente com relativo baixo custo computacional. / The main purpose of the algorithms for automatic modulation classification in an in- telligent receiver for cognitive radio or military applications is to identify the modulation of a signal so that the receiver can subsequently carry out the process of demodulation and then processing the received information. The lack of knowledge of parameters such as, for exam- ple, signal power, frequency and phase of carrier and timing; added to the channel effects such as multipath fading, make the automatic modulation classification problem challenger and fairly investigated currently. In this context, this thesis presents an investigation of automatic modulation classification algorithms based on discriminative learning and evaluates their per- formance in different usage scenarios. The thesis presents a new classification proposal based on front end called HISTO. Classification is performed on the received symbols, where the magnitude and phase histogram’s are computed. The results obtained using the proposed front end and the Support Vector Machine algorithm (SVM) are compared with other tech- niques. In the literature, some of the proposed algorithms are evaluated assuming knowledge of some modulation parameters and using different scenarios, which makes difficult to compare the algorithms. In this thesis, algorithms representative of the prior art are compared with the proposed ones in a systematic and uniform manner, including non-ideal scenarios such as with phase jitter and frequency offset. The simulation results show that the proposed classification based on histograms is effective with a relatively low computational cost.

<p>The Swedish National Testing and Research Institute is maintaining the Swedish realization of the world time scale UTC, called UTC(SP). One area of research and development for The Swedish National Laboratory of Time and Frequency is time synchronization and how UTC(SP) can be distributed in Sweden. Dissemination of time information by SP is in Sweden mainly performed via Internet using the Network Time Protocol (NTP) as well as via a modem dial up service and a speaking clock (Fröken Ur). In addition to these services, time information from the Global Positioning System (GPS) and from the long-wave transmitter DCF77 in Germany, is also available in Sweden. </p><p>This master’s thesis considers how different available commercial communication systems could be used for multicast time distribution. DECT, Bluetooth, Mobile Telecommunication and Radio Broadcasting are different techniques that are investigated. One application of Radio Broadcasting, DARC, was found to be interesting for a more detailed study. A theoretical description of how DARC could be used for national time distribution is accomplished and a practical implementation of a test system is developed to evaluate the possibilities to use DARC for multicast time distribution. </p><p>The tests of DARC and the radio broadcast system showed that these could be interesting techniques to distribute time with an accuracy of a couple of milliseconds. This quality level is not obtained today but would be possible with some alterations of the system.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:54:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Washington Carlos da Silva Mendonca.pdf: 484370 bytes, checksum: a48adf077b33b55e5d78ab164b39391d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-09 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / This study valuated the caimans hunting with hook practiced in the Low Purus river at the Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) Piagaçu-Purus, Central Amazon. This activity is realized by the riveriner aim the caiman meat production in salt-dry to supply the interstates trade. The knowledge scenery about the hunting of caiman with hook was put in public since 2003, however, not much is know about this catch effects on the caiman hunting productivity and its catch length. Aim to valuate the effect of this catch, were accompanied 31 caiman hunting with hook in the period of February to October 2008. Multiple Linear Regressions and Simple Linear Regression Analyzes were applied to model the caiman catch production and size. The mass of meat produced by the hunting were modeling in function of the river water level, community distance and hunting effort using hook. Were caught 124 caimans, where: 53 with suspense hook and 71 with the hook armed under land. The modeling of the size of hook and to water deep explained 48% of caiman length variance, while the modeling that used the height of hook parameter above the water surface and water deep explain 38% of this variance. The Simple Linear Regression was utilized to modeling the caiman length caught in function of distance hook traped under land from the interface water-land, showing a variance of 60% for the sample size. The hunting effect presented in this study indicates the intensive hunting pressure on the caiman population, confirmed through produced caiman meat decreasing near to hunters communities. Confirmed through Multiple Linear Regression values expressed for 70% of variance for this production. Was observed too that the caiman hunting are proportionally inverse to the river water level. The Caiman crocodilus caught length present higher abundance of individual above 70cm of snout-vent length. This indicate that the hunting method guard the replacement individuals to maintain the caiman population. While the Melanosuchus niger specie had the higher abundance of caught individual sub adult, noting the reduction of big adults. The absence of this caiman length class sustain the hypothesis that the individual lenght structure of M. niger population are probably affected by the intense hunting pressure. The results presented can be utilized to subsides the public policy for assert the sustainable management of caiman in the Amazon States, Brazil. / Este estudo avaliou a caça de jacaré com anzol praticada no baixo Rio Purus na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) Piagaçu-Purus, Amazônia Central. Esta atividade é realizada pelos ribeirinhos e visa à produção de carne de jacaré seco-salgada para abastecer o comércio interestadual. O conhecimento do cenário sobre a caça de jacaré com anzol foi levado a publico em 2003, no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos desta caça quanto à sua produtividade e tamanho de captura. Com intuito de avaliar o efeito desta prática, foram acompanhadas 31 caçadas de jacaré com anzol no Período de fevereiro a outubro de 2008. Análises de Regressão Linear Múltipla e Simples foram aplicadas para modelar a produção e tamanho dos jacarés capturados. A quantidade de carne produzida por caçada foi modelada em função da cota do rio, da distância da comunidade e do esforço de caça com anzol. Foram capturados 124 jacarés, onde: 53 com anzol suspenso e 71 com anzol armado sobre o solo. A modelagem do tamanho do anzol e da profundidade da água explicou 48% da variância dos tamanhos dos jacarés, enquanto que o modelo que utilizou os parâmetros da altura do anzol acima da lâmina de água e profundidade da água explicou 38% dessa variância. A Regressão Linear Simples foi utilizada para modelar o tamanho do jacaré capturado em função da distância do anzol armadilhado em terra até a interface água-terra, mostrando uma variância de 60% no tamanho dos exemplares. Os efeitos da caça de jacaré apontados neste estudo indicam intensa pressão de caça sobre o estoque, confirmado através da diminuição de carne produzida próximo as comunidades ali instaladas. Confirmado através dos valores da Regressão Linear Múltipla que expressou 70% de variância nessa produção. Foi observado também, que a captura do jacaré é inversamente proporcional ao nível do rio. Os tamanhos dos Caiman crocodilus capturados apresentaram maior abundância de indivíduos acima de 70 cm de comprimento rostro-cloacal indicando que o método de caça resguarda indivíduos repositores para a manutenção da população. Enquanto que a espécie Melanosuchus niger, teve a maior abundância de indivíduos capturados subadultos, notando-se baixa de grandes adultos. A ausência desta classe de tamanho sustenta a hipótese de que a estrutura de tamanho dos indivíduos na população de M. niger é provavelmente afetada pela intensa pressão de caça. Os resultados apresentados podem ser utilizados para subsidiar políticas publicas que possam assegurar o manejo sustentável do jacaré no Estado do Amazonas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-13T12:17:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO Stiffanny Bezerra.pdf: 1110861 bytes, checksum: dbbc6143aaf52cc6c39bdd9cddd49fc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-30 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Before the human pressure on the environment, the conservation of natural resources is of fundamental importance to ensure their proper use and continuity. The creation of Conservation Units it`s a instrument to conservation and/or nature of preservation. However, there s a need to correctly evaluate the reach and effectiveness of management within the Units. With this focus, an effectiveness analysis was done for the Tupé Sustainable Development Reservation (Tupé RDS), Manaus, AM. For this end, a exploratory survey was done, having done four technical visits to the Reservation and ten interviews with a structured questionnaire, based on the methods of ―Management Effectiveness Evaluation‖ and ―RAPPAM.‖ As a result, the effectiveness of reservation management was classified as ―High‖ and ―Satisfactory,‖ observing that the problems linked to their management are related to the lack of a management plan and the inexistence of monitoring and continuity of means of management. This fact originated in the precarious human resources (quantity/qualification), finances (investment) and infrastructure (Amplification/Maintenance), which limit the Reservation implementation. Being as it is, priority actions to be adopted were highlighted by the unit manager to carry out and ensure the environmental conservation effectiveness policy especially created for this location. / Diante da pressão antrópica sobre o meio ambiente, a conservação dos recursos naturais é de fundamental importância para se garantir sua utilização adequada e a continuidade dos mesmos. A criação de Unidades de Conservação é um instrumento para a conservação e/ou preservação da natureza. No entanto, há a necessidade de avaliar com precisão o alcance e a efetividade da gestão das UC. Com esse foco, foi efetuada a análise da efetividade da gestão da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) do Tupé, Manaus-AM. Para isso, utilizou-se o método da pesquisa exploratória, com 04 visitas técnicas à RDS e a realização de 10 entrevistas, com roteiro estruturado, baseado nos métodos de ―Avaliação de Efetividade de Manejo‖ e ―RAPPAM‖. Como resultado, a efetividade de gestão da reserva classificou-se como ―Alta‖ e ―Satisfatória‖, detectando-se que os entraves ligados à sua gestão estão vinculados à ausência de plano de manejo e a inexistência do monitoramento e continuidade das medidas de gestão. Esse fato tem sua origem na precariedade de recursos humanos (quantidade/qualificação), financeiros (investimentos/capitalização) e de infraestrutura (Ampliação/Manutenção), que limitam a implementação da RDS. Dessa maneira, foram apontadas ações prioritárias a serem adotadas pelo órgão gestor para sanar as debilidades e garantir a eficiência da política de conservação ambiental idealizada para o local.

The Swedish National Testing and Research Institute is maintaining the Swedish realization of the world time scale UTC, called UTC(SP). One area of research and development for The Swedish National Laboratory of Time and Frequency is time synchronization and how UTC(SP) can be distributed in Sweden. Dissemination of time information by SP is in Sweden mainly performed via Internet using the Network Time Protocol (NTP) as well as via a modem dial up service and a speaking clock (Fröken Ur). In addition to these services, time information from the Global Positioning System (GPS) and from the long-wave transmitter DCF77 in Germany, is also available in Sweden. This master’s thesis considers how different available commercial communication systems could be used for multicast time distribution. DECT, Bluetooth, Mobile Telecommunication and Radio Broadcasting are different techniques that are investigated. One application of Radio Broadcasting, DARC, was found to be interesting for a more detailed study. A theoretical description of how DARC could be used for national time distribution is accomplished and a practical implementation of a test system is developed to evaluate the possibilities to use DARC for multicast time distribution. The tests of DARC and the radio broadcast system showed that these could be interesting techniques to distribute time with an accuracy of a couple of milliseconds. This quality level is not obtained today but would be possible with some alterations of the system.

Submitted by Socorro Albuquerque (sbarbosa@ufpa.br) on 2018-11-14T13:13:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ReservaDesenvolvimentoSustentavel.pdf: 8516292 bytes, checksum: e227b099816b1e707b6077957d8a5215 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Socorro Albuquerque (sbarbosa@ufpa.br) on 2018-11-14T13:13:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ReservaDesenvolvimentoSustentavel.pdf: 8516292 bytes, checksum: e227b099816b1e707b6077957d8a5215 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-14T13:13:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_ReservaDesenvolvimentoSustentavel.pdf: 8516292 bytes, checksum: e227b099816b1e707b6077957d8a5215 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-30 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Esta tese teve como objetivo principal analisar o processo de gestão do Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC) implantado na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) Rio Negro (AM) e sua relação com as comunidades Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Tumbira, Santa Helena do Inglês, São Sebastião do Saracá, São Thomé, Santo Antônio do Lago do Tiririca e Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Acajatuba, localizadas na margem direita da RDS pertencentes ao município de Iranduba (AM) compondo o Mosaico de Áreas Protegidas do Baixo Rio Negro, considerando a atuação da Fundação Amazonas Sustentável (FAS) e do Estado. Para responder os questionamentos que nos inquietara, foi necessário elaborar um referencial teórico-metodológico que nos possibilitasse um entendimento das observações feitas em campo mediante um diálogo com a teoria. Diante disso, buscamos alicerçar o estudo em teorias que tratam do turismo articulando com a noção de uso do território, do espaço e lugar como aspecto social. De cunho qualitativo, esta pesquisa foi realizada com base em estudos descritivos, exploratórios, por meio do levantamento bibliográfico, análise documental e pesquisa de campo, com observação, entrevistas, narrativas orais, oficinas participativas para o planejamento do turismo e construção dos mapas mentais. Os resultados revelaram que em cada comunidade pesquisada há dificuldades em planejar o TBC e isso se perpetua principalmente pelas ações do Estado, no que diz respeito às políticas públicas em interpretar o turismo pela ótica econômica, distanciando-o de seus compromissos sociais e ambientais. Da mesma forma, foi possível observar que a FAS, atua suplementarmente ao Estado do Amazonas a implementação de políticas governamentais e projetos que contemplem o desenvolvimento turístico. Embora almeje novas práticas sustentáveis por meio do TBC, está atrelada a um processo político alheio aos princípios da sustentabilidade, e utiliza-se do discurso ambientalista para se integrar na sociedade e minimizar os conflitos e insatisfações das comunidades tradicionais, incutidas na gestão participativa. Nesse direcionamento, as instâncias decisórias no campo do planejamento e gestão do turismo promovem relações de poder e dependência sob a lógica da dominação do capital financeiro. Além disso, acredita-se que os moradores da RDS Rio Negro que se reconhecem e se identificam enquanto “povo do lugar”, se sente excluídos do processo de planejamento e gestão das atividades turísticas. Por outro lado, eles acreditam o TBC é um veículo potencial para transformação social e como alternativa de conservação da natureza, inclusão social, além de, ser capaz de gerar renda para a localidade. Finalmente, observou-se que a forma organizacional do turismo atende as preferências individuais, portanto não havendo a intenção de promover o desenvolvimento em uma perspectiva local. / This thesis had as main objective to analyze the process of management of CommunityBased Tourism (TBC) implanted in the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) and its relation with the communities of Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Tumbira, Santa Helena do Inglês, São Sebastião do Saracá, São Thomé, Santo Antônio do Lago do Tiririca and Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Acajatuba, located on the right bank of the RDS belonging to the municipality of Iranduba (AM) composing the Mosaic of Protected Areas of Lower Rio Negro, considering the performance of the Amazonas Sustainable Foundation (FAS) and the State. In order to answer the questions that caused us concern, it was necessary to elaborate a theoretical-methodological reference that would enable us to understand the observations made in the field through a dialogue with the theory. Given this, we seek to base the study on theories that deal with tourism articulating with the notion of the use of territory, space and place as a social aspect. From a qualitative perspective, this research was carried out based on descriptive, exploratory studies, through bibliographical survey, documentary analysis and field research, with observation, interviews, oral narratives, participatory workshops for tourism planning and the construction of mental maps. The results revealed that in each community surveyed there are difficulties in planning the TBC and this is perpetuated mainly by the actions of the State, with regard to public policies in interpreting tourism from the economic point of view, distancing it from its social and environmental commitments. Likewise, it was possible to observe that the FAS, furthermore, acts to the State of Amazonas the implementation of governmental policies and projects that contemplate the tourist development. Although it seeks new sustainable practices through TBC, it is linked to a political process alien to the principles of sustainability, and uses environmental discourse to integrate into society and minimize the conflicts and dissatisfactions of traditional communities, embodied in participatory management. In this direction, decision-making bodies in the field of tourism planning and management promote relations of power and dependence under the logic of the domination of financial capital. In addition, it is believed that the residents of RDS Rio Negro who recognize and identify themselves as "local people" feel excluded from the process of planning and managing tourism activities. On the other hand, they believe TBC is a potential vehicle for social transformation and as an alternative to nature conservation, social inclusion, in addition to being able to generate income for the locality. Finally, it was observed that the organizational form of tourism meets individual preferences, so there is no intention to promote development from a local perspective.

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares de levantamento arqueológico realizado na RDS Amanã, Estado do Amazonas. Situada na região do médio curso do rio Solimões e baixo Japurá, a RDS Amanã está na fase de preparo do seu plano de gestão. A respeito do Patrimônio Arqueológico existente na reserva Amanã 32 sítios arqueológicos formados por terra preta, cerâmica e material lítico polido foram identificados em etapas de levantamento realizadas entre 2006 e 2008. Levando em consideração o tamanho, densidade e variabilidade dos vestígios arqueológicos, assim como, a intensidade dos processos pós-deposicionais os sítios Boa Esperança e Bom Jesus do Baré foram escolhidos para realização de mapeamentos e escavação. O objetivo principal desse mestrado é apresentar o contexto arqueológico da reserva Amanã a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa com pesquisas arqueológicas que ocorrem em outros locais da Amazônia. Mais especificamente com a cronologia estabelecida para as ocupações ceramistas na Amazônia Central e áreas adjacentes, como Baixo Amazonas e médio Rio Caquetá/Japurá. A partir de dados relativos ao tamanho, composição, formato e estratigrafia dos sítios, assim como analise cerâmica e datações é formulada uma cronologia preliminar para o lago Amanã. / The main goal of this dissertation is to introduce the archaeological context of the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, situated near the middle course of the Amazon and the lower course of the Japurá Rivers, in the state of Amazonas; its management plan is currently under preparation. This context is then compared to the archaeology of other areas of Amazonia. Preliminary results of the archaeological survey carried out between 2006 and 2008 will be presented, during which time 32 archaeological sites were identified. These are composed of anthropogenic dark earth, pottery and ground lithics. The Boa Esperança and Bom Jesus do Baré archaeological sites were selected for mapping and excavation due to their size, density and the variability of archaeological material they contain. An initial chronology for the Amanã Lake is put forward, based on data related to site size, composition, form and stratigraphy. This is then contrasted to ceramicist occupations identified in the Central Amazon and adjacent areas (the Lower Amazon and middle Caquetá/Japurá). Such a comparative approach is employed as a tool to allow the insertion of the Amanã Lake in the wider scenario, in this way allowing for a contribution to debates and discussions that are important to Amazonian Archaeology, such as the origin and dispersal of ceramic traditions. The data will further provide information to be utilized with local inhabitants for the future development of research, public archaeology and the reserve\'s management activities.

Insufficient auditing staff has become a challenge facing internal auditing in the healthcare industry. Auditors' turnover rates range from 13.4% to 46.6% in the United States based on the type of organization. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between affective commitment, continuance commitment, normative commitment, and turnover intention among auditors. Self-determination theory of motivation was the theoretical framework for examining the employee turnover problem. A random sample of 92 internal auditors was administered the TCM Employee Commitment Survey and Turnover Intention Scales. The model as a whole was able to significantly predict turnover intentions, F(3, 88) = 15.365, p < .000. The effect size, indicated that the model accounted for approximately 36% of the variance in turnover intentions. Affective commitment (beta = -.519, p = .000) was the only measure of commitment that made a significant contribution to the model. The implications for positive social change included the potential to help business leaders decide on the types of organizational commitment they should catalyze to potentially reduce turnover rates. Healthcare leaders can use the information to reduce the turnover of auditors, increase the quality of audit in healthcare, and improve the quality and reduce the cost of healthcare for society.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chrystianne Rocha.pdf: 2924776 bytes, checksum: a1d74db138a8b87f0518f3a6ef67c404 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-07 / This master thesis presents the proposal of assigning the cognitive ability to a gap filler. Differently from the usual repeaters found on the market, the adaptive gap filler is able to automatically monitor tuned channels with the intention of verifying if the protection ratio described in Resolution nº398 from Anatel is being respected. Spectrum sensing techniques and the concepts related to coverage area will be addressed. Tests were carried out on the Matlab and GNU Radio Software with the purpose of analyzing the adaptive gap filler performance on real channels. / Este trabalho apresenta a proposta de atribuir ao gap filler a capacidade cognitiva . Diferentemente dos repetidores encontrados no mercado, o gap filler adaptativo tem como função monitorar, de forma autônoma, os canais sintonizados para verificar se a relação de proteção descrita na Resolução nº 398 da Anatel está sendo respeitada. Como fundamentos dessa proposta são abordadas as técnicas de sensoriamento do espectro e os conceitos relacionados às áreas de cobertura. Em uma abordagem prática, os testes foram desenvolvidos no Matlab e no GNU Radio, em que se analisa a atuação do gap filler adaptativo em canais reais.