Précédée par le tumulte de multiples scandales médiatiques ayant dévoilé des faits de maltraitances, ignorés ou provoqués par le dispositif de la protection de l'enfance, la loi du 5 mars 2007 se voulait remédier à des dysfonctionnements intrinsèques au service de protection en restructurant sémantiquement et formellement le fonctionnement, la mission et le champ définitionnel recouvrant l'ensemble du dispositif. S'enracinant autour d'une mission de « prévention » des risques de maltraitance et de « soutien à la parentalité », de nouveaux vocables (« risque de danger », « danger »), instruments (« Informations Préoccupantes », « Projet Pour l'Enfant ») et de nouvelles instances (« Cellule de Recueil des Informations Préoccupantes », « Observatoire ») ont accompagné le caractère réformateur de la loi. Au-delà du simple changement et renouvellement sémantique, cette constellation de mots et de syntagmes n'était pas sans produire de profondes altérations dans l'agencement des rôles, des fonctions et des identités de chaque acteur pris dans le réseau énonciatif du dispositif. À partir d'un ensemble d'énoncés prescriptifs, la loi façonnait et engageait les professionnels à faire-avec un nouveau paradigme général sur la représentation du lien parent-enfant. Il ne s'agissait plus pour les professionnels, à l'intérieur de cette vision, de sanctionner un parent potentiellement « carencé », ou de couper un lien jugé « toxique » pour protéger un enfant, mais de permettre au sujet parental de se découvrir (« s'éliciter ») et d'investir son rôle de parent. Soutenu par une médiation institutionnelle, le parent se voyait en cela potentiellement désigné, depuis l'article 375 du Code civil, comme un actant responsable du bon « développement physique, affectif, intellectuel et social » de l'enfant. Réagençant les linéaments sur lesquels reposait la prise en charge d'un usager, la loi réorganisait en profondeur la structure du comportement des différents acteurs. S'interrogeant sur ces diverses modifications normatives, ce travail de recherche se propose de saisir les « effets » opérés par la loi du 5 mars 2007 sur les pratiques, la pensée et les relations entre professionnels, usagers et institutions. À travers les analyses des dossiers de la protection de l'enfance, des évolutions législatives, institutionnelles, discursives et d'entretiens réalisés avec des travailleurs sociaux, nous chercherons à comprendre comment se sont redessinés les rapports de pouvoir entre des familles et des professionnels porteurs d'une intervention « parentaliste ». Se rapportant aux répercussions du discours d'un dispositif de régulation sociale sur des sujets, cette étude empruntera une lecture et une analyse similaire, dans ses principes et ses méthodes, à celles que M. Foucault a effectuées sur la prison ou la sexualité. À l'issue de l'analyse critique, et ce pour dépasser les difficultés rencontrées autour de nouvelles pistes de réflexion, la recherche donnera lieu à la formalisation de préconisations. / Preceded by the tumult of multiple media scandals having unveiled the facts of abuse, ignored or provoked by the child protection system, the law of March 5, 2007 was intented to remedy to intrinsic failures in the protection service by semantically and formally restructuring the operation, the mission and the definitional field covering the entire device. Rooting around the abuses risk « prevention » mission and « parentality support », a few new vocables (« Danger Risk », « Danger »), instruments (« Worrying Information », « Project For the Child ») and new instances (« Cell Collecting Information of Concern », « Observatory ») have accompanied the law's reformist character. Beyond the simple change and semantic renewal, this constellation of words and sentences was not without producing profound alternations in the arrangement of roles, functions and identities of each actor caught in the enunciative network of the device. From a set of normative statements, the law shaped and committed professionals to do-with a new general paradigm on the representation of the parent-child link. It was no longer for the professionals, inside of this vision, to punish a parent potentially « deficiencied », or to cut off a link judged « toxic » to protect a child, but to allow the parental subject to discover itself (« to elicit ») and invest its role of parent. Supported by an institutional mediation, the parent was potentially designated, since Article 375 of the Civil Code, as an protagonist for the good « physical, emotional, intellectual and social development » of the child. Reordering the elementary lines on which was based the care of a user, the law reorganized in depth the behavior's structure of the various actors. Wondering about these various normative changes, this research work offers itself to seize the operated « effects » by the law of March 5, 2007 on practices, the thought and the relationships between professionals, users and institutions. Through analyzes of child protection files, legislative, institutional, discursive evolutions and interviews with social workers, we will seek to understand how did the power reports between the relatives and the professionals carriers of « parentalist » intervention. Referring to the repercussions of the speech of a social regulation device on topics, this study will borrow a similar reading and analysis, in its principles and methods, to what Mr. Foucault has done on prison or sexuality. At the end of the critical analysis, and to overcome the difficulties encountered around new lines of thought, the research will lead to the formalization of recommendations.

This research is aimed at identifying the challenges facing the effective management of a multicultural teaching environment in Gauteng primary schools by the school management team and educators. The research addressing the problems and sub-problems involved a literature review conceptualising multicultural education. The empirical investigation included the use of observations, a questionnaire and interviews to gather data. The findings linked to the literature review, revealed areas of strength and weakness of the school management team and educators. Based on the findings recommendations were made for school management teams and educators to design development programmes to inculcate in school management teams and educators the competencies necessary to perform effectively in a multicultural environment. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

The thesis is focused on the evaluation of the financial situation in the business company using various methods and indicators of financial analysis. The practical part is based on the analysis of financial statements of an analysis of absolute indicators, analysis of financial ratios and selected models of systems analysis indicators. In conclusion, on the basis of results of assessment of the financial health of the company and proposed measures to improve the operation of the company in the coming years.

PhDH / Department of Advanced Nursing Science / Background: The National Committee for the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths recommend the implementation of “Saving Mothers’ recommendations” as a measure to reduce maternal deaths. However, this objective has not been achieved because the Maternal Mortality Rate in South Africa was standing at 134.33/100 000 live births and Limpopo Province at 165.16/100 000 live births. The national target for reduction of maternal mortality was 20% for all provinces for 2016. Limpopo Province’s reduction was below 12.5% for 2016. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop a strategy to enhance the implementation of the Saving Mothers’ recommendations in the maternity units of Limpopo Province. Methods: The convergent parallel design was used in this study. The study was conducted in phases, namely: Phase 1(a) was a qualitative research approach and a non-experimental, descriptive and exploratory design. The population consisted of district managers who were managing the Maternal Health Services and registered midwives who were working in the maternity units of Limpopo Province. Non-probability purposive sampling was used for both the district managers and the registered midwives. Data were collected using a central question for the managers managing Maternal Health services which was “What support are you giving to facilitate the implementation of the recommendations by the Saving Mothers Report?” and the question for the registered midwives was “What challenges are you experiencing when implementing the Saving Mothers’ recommendations.” Tesch’s open-coding technique was used to analyse qualitative data. Trustworthiness was ensured through credibility, confirmability, dependability, transferability and authenticity. Phase 1(b) was a quantitative and a non-experimental descriptive design. The population comprised of 200 patients who were included in the study. Questionnaires were developed and used to collect ABSTRACT vi data. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 24.0) with the assistance of the statistician. Discussion of data were done in an explanatory sequential way where data from Phase 1a was discussed and supported by data from Phase 1b. Findings: The themes that emerged were: Challenges related to implementation of the recommendations of the Saving Mothers Report in maternity units, Description of existing training programmes and in-service education for health care professionals, Knowledge on implementing recommendations for the Saving Mothers Report when providing care in maternity units and Suggestions related to improvement of adherence to recommendations for the Saving Mothers Report in maternity units. Some of the themes were supported by the quantitative results whilst some not supported. Validity and reliability were ensured by giving the questionnaires to experts on the subject, colleagues and promoters to analyse and determine if items adequately represent content in the correct proportion. Ethical considerations were ensured by obtaining ethical approval from the University of Venda Ethics Committee and permission to access the facilities from the Limpopo Province Department of Health. The participants signed informed written consent. Phase 2 entailed strategy development and validation of the developed strategy. Recommendations: The recommendations included that the Department of Health should employ more staff and put operational managers in permanent positions. Sufficient equipment and supplies essential for maternal health care and maternal health infrastructure should be procured and a good plan for the managing thereof implemented. It is also recommended that health care workers should work hand in hand with the community structures and the ‘mosate’. / NRF

Le Conseil de l'Europe -créé à la suite de la Seconde Guerre mondiale afin de reconstruire un espace démocratique et juridique commun -dont les travaux sur le droit pénal des mineurs sont issus des évolutions nationales entamées au début du XXe siècle, s'attacha à valoriser l'expérience des juridictions spécialisées existantes dans quelques pays européens et grâce auxquelles les mineurs commençaient à faire l'objet d'un traitement différencié de celui des adultes. Depuis, observant les préoccupations des États membres à l'égard de la délinquance juvénile et les contours changeants de leurs politiques pénales, le Comité des Ministres du Conseil de l'Europe élabore, au moyen de recherches criminologiques et comparatives, de colloques et de conférences, des recommandations et lignes directrices conduisant à l'harmonisation des droits nationaux autour de principes directeurs. Mue par son engagement dans l'européanisation du droit pénal des mineurs, la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme intégra les instruments internationaux et européens pertinents dans sa jurisprudence. Ce qui prend un caractère primordial dans les pays où l'application de la Convention est problématique et les violations des droits de l'homme récurrentes, parmi lesquels la Turquie. En conséquence, et malgré les modifications apportées dans la législation turque depuis 2005, nous ferons apparaître dans cette étude que ce membre du Conseil de l'Europe méconnaît encore l'autonomie de l'enfant, promeut toujours la punition en modèle éducatif, use régulièrement de la détention, et appréhende finalement de manière balbutiante la primauté de l'éducation sur la répression prônée par les principes directeurs. / The work by the Council of Europe -founded following the Second World War to rebuild a common democratic and legal order-in the field of juvenile justice has been influenced by the national developments emerged in the early twentieth century and has been focusing on enhancing the experiences of the existing special judicial bodies in some European countries of which were established for distinguishing the treatment of juvenile delinquent from adults. Since then, the Comrnittee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, which observes the concerns of the member states on juvenile delinquency as well as their changing criminal justice policies, adopts recommendations and guidelines in order to establish guiding principles leading to harmonization of the national systems through organizing meetings, conferences and conducting comparative research on criminology. Similarly, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) gives reference to the relevant international and European instruments in its jurisprudence so as to contribute to the Europeanisation of juvenile justice. This becomes especially important in countries like Turkey-where the implementation of the ECHR is problematic and human rights violations are recurring. Consequently, this study shows that despite the legislative changes made since 2005, Turkey, which is a member of the Council of Europe, still ignores the autonomy of the child, promotes punishment like an educational method, resort to detention as a regular measure, and finally displays an reluctant and abstaining attitude in giving priority to education over punishment as established by the guidelines.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der These nachgegangen, dass sich Baugemeinschaften als Wohnform, die von der Gemeinschaft und dem Zusammenleben geprägt ist, im Hinblick auf den demographischen Wandel und dessen Auswirkungen sich zum lebenslangen Bewohnen eignet. Untersucht wurden die baulichen und architektonischen, aber auch sozialen und organisatorischen Gegebenheiten am Beispiel 13 Dresdner Baugemeinschaften. Am Ende liegen Maßnahmen und Empfehlunen für künftige Bauherren und Planer vor. / The present study traces the hypothesis that joint building ventures as a form of living, that is affected by the community and the cohabit, in view of the demographic change and its effects, are suit to lifelong occupancy. To be proved are the structural and architectural, but also the social and organizational conditions using the example of 13 joint building ventures in Dresden. Finally there are measures and recommendations for future building owners and architects on hand.

The era of the Internet has become increasingly important in our daily life. Internet channels are rapidly growing into sophisticated businesses. This thesis purpose is therefore to conduct an initial study on a newly approaching e-commerce business, namely the grocery basket business. As there has not yet been much research in this field the overall aim is to contribute to the research in this business area. There are many who argue that in relation to the Internet and e-commerce fields there are two other important fields: business model and supply chain. A qualitative approach is used, based on triangulation methodology including a multiple case study and a survey. The cases are two different types of e-commerce companies: brick-and-clicks and pure-players. An empirical investigation covering twenty interviews and a questionnaire with one thousand respondents has been conducted. Findings supported by the interviews and the questionnaire reveal much knowledge about the grocery basket business. This are analyzed in relation to literature of business model and supply chain and according to the two cases of companies in the business. The study concludes that there is a great deal of challenges facing the grocery basket business in both fields of business model and supply chain. In both cases it is a challenge to retain customers, flexibility for customers, competition and supply chain development. Regarding brick-and-clicks a major challenge is to make their physical channel and online channel work together. Regarding pure-players a major challenge is their dependency of wholesalers. In addition, recommendations to these acknowledged challenges are benchmarking on other successful grocery companies and/or other successful e-commerce companies. Additional recommendation for pure-players is that they should cooperate with a brick-and-mortar company. Finally, the study shows some decent potential in the business to reduce emissions. This by providing eco-friendly products with pre planned recipes to fit with the products, and having fewer products in stock.

Iranian nuclear program has presented a problem for many years. Even though the regime in Tehran has not formally announced its quest to develop nuclear weapons and has actually denied such accusations, the international community concluded from the actions of the regime that the development of nuclear weapons is the ultimate goal of Tehran. The United States reacted to the course of events and tried to limit the program or stop it altogether. The Bush Administration was not an exception in this regard. Even though the attitude towards Iran changed during 2001 - 2009, the nuclear program progressed further and still presents a great danger. Not only politicians but also academics, experts and analytics were trying to answer the question how to curb the program most effectively. This thesis analyzes and compares concepts of scholars with the actual policy practiced by the Bush Administration and finds out that both approaches vary quite significantly. While the majority of scholars recommended the administration to limit the economic sanctions and refrain from aggressive rhetoric concerning the possibility of military action, the American government tightened the sanctions and sustained the option of intervention. Since Iran still continues with its nuclear program, it can be asserted that the...

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo identificar qué acciones de Social Media Marketing (SMM) influyen en la satisfacción experimentada después de la compra y en la intención de recompra. Las dimensiones de SMM que se incluirán en el estudio son el contenido, la personalización, la información, la interacción y las recomendaciones. Esta investigación busca entender la relación entre estas variables en el contexto de los nuevos emprendimientos surgidos durante la pandemia en la red social Instagram y relacionados con las categorías de pastelería, repostería y comida rápida. El objetivo es poder determinar qué acciones son más influyentes para generar satisfacción y recompra en el caso de los nuevos negocios El desarrollo de la investigación se delimitará a la zona de Lima Metropolitana y la ciudad de Huaraz, región del departamento de Ancash. La muestra estará compuesta por 400 personas que hayan comprado en este tipo de emprendimientos al menos una vez en los últimos seis meses. El estudio que se realizará tendrá un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo explicativo y transversal y utilizará el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para el análisis de los resultados. / The present research aims to identify which Social Media Marketing (SMM) actions influence post-purchase satisfaction and repurchase intention. The SMM dimensions to be included in the study are content, personalization, information, interaction and recommendations. This research seeks to understand the relationship between these variables in the context of new ventures emerged during the pandemic on the social network Instagram and related to the categories of pastry, confectionery and fast food. The objective is to determine which actions are more influential in generating satisfaction and repurchase in the case of new businesses. The development of the research will be delimited to the area of Metropolitan Lima and the city of Huaraz, region of the department of Ancash. The sample will be composed of 400 people who have purchased in this type of business at least once in the last six months. The study will have a quantitative, explanatory and cross-sectional approach and will use structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the results. / Trabajo de investigación

Most of already described theoretical principles related to creation of organizational structure were defined and used in mass (industrial) production environment which was quite stabile. As a consequence of all changes driven by globalization and spread of using information technologies, new, dynamic form of organizational structure is needed - virtual organizational structure. The basic concept of the virtual organization structure was introduced during late 80's, however clear definition of the virtual management has not been presented yet. This fact can be termed as the main trigger and reason for composing the Thesis. At first, literature sources were reviewed in order to determine trends of the organizational structure’s development. Based on the information extracted from secondary review, objectives of the Thesis were set and three hypotheses were modeled to be confirmed or disconfirmed. Consequently, primary research was carried out to gain principal data concerning to the focus of the research. Theoretical contribution of the Thesis can be found in the complex summary of various aspects related to the virtual organizational structure. Moreover, the Thesis includes definition of the virtual organizational structure term, names its key characteristics, advantages and disadvantages and thereto presents the typology of the virtual organizational structure. Upon to the primary data obtained from the research it was confirmed that no best practices are available although it would be welcomed. With this in mind, the main purpose of the Thesis was met by defining steps to be taken in order to use the virtual organizational structure in practice. The outcomes of the primary research and the best practices composed might be used within lectures held at Faculty of Business and Management, Brno University of Technology, however they eliminate theoretical non-clarities. Finally, there is number of relevant aspects for further research.