The increase in white-collar crimes has become a common feature around the globe and its impact has left many conglomerates despaired affecting businesses, economies, employees and families that are somehow related to these organizations. The famous money laundering and accounting scandals such as; Parmalat, Adelphia, Yukos Oil Company, Qwest Communications International, Tyco, and WorldCom, are true bitter realities of the corporate world. The dilemma is costing enterprises great amounts of money to set the image right that keeps on getting wrong. People are hired on loads of relevant work experience with excellent academic backgrounds, yet the strain of dishonesty lurks within the individual worker of an organization. The purpose of the research is to investigate the dismal realities that occur within the recruiters’ conscious or subconscious mind during a recruitment and selection process (the gateway to an organization). Our objective is to identify the dimensions of enterprise hypocrisy and to understand and explain the scenarios and the ways professionals are trying to cope with the matter. The recruiters see the white collar crimes as a potential rising concern and are using personality test such as the OPQ 32 (Occupational Personality Questionnaire) together with other methods (interviews, references, intuition, education, etc.) in hiring the right candidate for the job, which hopefully would be potentially harmless to the organization. The findings are not based on a systematic comparative study and can therefore only be interpreted as indicative.

The thesis focused on the characteristics fields of personnel service namely recruitment, selection and retention of employees. The main goal of the thesis is to analyse and evaluate the state of recruiting, selecting and retaining in a domestic trade company in the context of internal and external influence and subsequently, to formulate conclusions and recommendations for reducing employee turnover in the trade company. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on current theoretical knowledge regarding employee recruitment, selection, retention and turnover. The practical part analyses the state of HR activities in the studied trade company, with an emphasis on two different groups of employees, according to the type of their occupation. Following the analysis, we evaluate the assessed facts while maintaining a differentiated approach to different work positions. Finally we recommend which changes and activities should be implemented to improve unsatisfactory personnel processes and to eliminate the undesirable progress of employee turnover in the trade company.

<p>The meaning of the word leadership is changing over time, and so is the role of the leader. Organisational labour is today required to be more self-governing as organisational tasks are moving towards a more flexible and independent nature. This requires a leadership able to inspire and motivate independent performance by acting as an inspirational mentor or coach (Bass and Riggio (2005). Those leaders and that style of leadership have many names, but in our research they are titled as Transformational and Charismatic leaders, as well as Super Leaders. Perhaps they are best described by using Vardiman et al (2006:97) own words: <em>“the most effective leaders teach others to be effective leaders of themselves and others."</em></p><p>Identifying, selecting and recruiting the right leader are a competitive advantage and an important success factor (Fernández-Aráoz et al, 2009). The objective of this thesis is therefore to gain knowledge in the manners present when charismatic and inspirational leaders with the ability to lead others to lead themselves are identified, recruited and selected. We judge gaining understanding in how to identify, attract, select, recruit and keep leaders with this special leadership style as a vital knowledge in today’s highly competitive business world.</p><p><p><p>This thesis approaches leader recruitment from both an external and internal perspective by conveying dialogues with recruitment consultants as well as with a HR-manager. The thesis further raises the question whether the inspirational and charismatic leadership style is appropriate in all type of organisations and here focus on organisational culture as a key determinant when recruiting leaders.</p></p></p>

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-03-17T14:56:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO HENRIQUE EUZEBIO BATISTA_.pdf: 1788022 bytes, checksum: 9667e9dc27e14c21cf8ca3ccbf0415e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-17T14:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO HENRIQUE EUZEBIO BATISTA_.pdf: 1788022 bytes, checksum: 9667e9dc27e14c21cf8ca3ccbf0415e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-26 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho propõe um modelo para geração de perfis de usuários baseado em Psicometria, propiciando a junção entre áreas distintas, como Psicologia e Computação. O PPG – Psychometric Profile Generator, assim denominado, consiste em um modelo computacional para geração de perfis de usuários, prospectando o nível de habilidade ou comportamento dos avaliados através do modelo matemático TRI – Teoria de Resposta ao Item. O PPG fornece aos sistemas externos de educação, entretenimento e recrutamento e seleção o nível de habilidade ou comportamento não tendo nenhum contato com os usuários desses sistemas. Sendo assim o principal foco do PPG é fornecer um perfil na forma de um nível de habilidade e ou comportamento, valendo-se de conhecimentos de áreas distintas, como os modelos matemáticos da Psicometria e técnicas de Inferências Estatísticas. / This work paper proposes a model for generation of profiles of users based on Psychometrics, providing the junction between different areas, such as psychology and computing. The PPG - Psychometric Profile Generator, so called, consists of a computational model for generation of profiles of users, prospective the level of skill or assessed by the behavior of model mathematical IRT - Item Response of Theory. The PPG provides external systems of education, entertainment and recruitment and selection of the level skill or behavior are not having any contact with users of such systems. Thus the main PPG's focus is to provide a profile as a level of or ability and behavior, are worth knowledge in different fields, such as models Psychometrics and the mathematical techniques of inferences Statistics.

The meaning of the word leadership is changing over time, and so is the role of the leader. Organisational labour is today required to be more self-governing as organisational tasks are moving towards a more flexible and independent nature. This requires a leadership able to inspire and motivate independent performance by acting as an inspirational mentor or coach (Bass and Riggio (2005). Those leaders and that style of leadership have many names, but in our research they are titled as Transformational and Charismatic leaders, as well as Super Leaders. Perhaps they are best described by using Vardiman et al (2006:97) own words: “the most effective leaders teach others to be effective leaders of themselves and others." Identifying, selecting and recruiting the right leader are a competitive advantage and an important success factor (Fernández-Aráoz et al, 2009). The objective of this thesis is therefore to gain knowledge in the manners present when charismatic and inspirational leaders with the ability to lead others to lead themselves are identified, recruited and selected. We judge gaining understanding in how to identify, attract, select, recruit and keep leaders with this special leadership style as a vital knowledge in today’s highly competitive business world. This thesis approaches leader recruitment from both an external and internal perspective by conveying dialogues with recruitment consultants as well as with a HR-manager. The thesis further raises the question whether the inspirational and charismatic leadership style is appropriate in all type of organisations and here focus on organisational culture as a key determinant when recruiting leaders.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A proposta da presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, candidatas a emprego em cinco empresas privadas, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que possuem em seu quadro de funcionários mais de 100 empregados, sendo assim, obrigadas ao cumprimento da Lei n 8.213/1991, a Lei de Cotas. Analisou-se também o modo como profissionais de Recursos Humanos adquiriram conhecimentos técnicos acerca destas práticas. Parte dos objetivos desta proposta de pesquisa foi identificar as bases desta determinação legal, no que se refere ao amparo técnico aos profissionais de RH no processo seletivo. Neste aspecto, o foco da investigação foi verificar a existência de programas de qualificação para estes profissionais, tendo em vista que a exigência de capacitação está sempre centrada na pessoa com deficiência, quando, na verdade, a carência está presente também nos responsáveis que lidam com este público, por ocasião do seu ingresso nas organizações corporativas. A abordagem metodológica incluiu uma pesquisa de campo com base em dados de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo complementada pela técnica de análise de relato verbal. Seis foram os profissionais de RH escolhidos como participantes da pesquisa e que atuam diretamente na área de recrutamento e de seleção de pessoas com deficiência. Inevitavelmente, estes profissionais de RH se utilizam de instrumentos psicométricos dentre outros, cotidianamente empregados no processo seletivo, inclusive na avaliação de pessoas com deficiência. Os resultados da presente pesquisa apontam que as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, atualmente em uso, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, são discriminatórias, pois os profissionais envolvidos neste processo, por demonstrarem falta de conhecimento acerca de práticas apropriadas, se utilizam dos mesmos procedimentos adotados no atendimento de vagas para o público de pessoas ditas normais. Complementarmente, a revisão da literatura aponta a inexistência de amparo técnico e científico, no sentido de qualificar profissionais responsáveis pelo ingresso e permanência de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, confirmando-se, assim, a limitação da ação de política pública em vigor. Por conta desse fato, propõe-se a adoção de ações afirmativas, neste caso de órgãos privados, no sentido de mobilizar esforços em prol da contratação de grupos socialmente excluídos no mercado de trabalho, como é o caso das pessoas com deficiência. / The purpose of this research aimed at critically examining the best practices in recruitment and selection, targeted to persons with disabilities seeking work in five private companies in Rio de Janeiro with over a hundred employees in their staff, therefore, obliged to comply with Law number 8.213/1991, the Quota Law. It was also analyzed the way Human Resource professionals have acquired expertise on such practices. Part of the objectives of this proposed research was to identify the basis of this legal determination, when it comes to the technical support to HR professionals in the selection process. In regards to this, the focus of this investigation was to verify the existence of training programs for these professionals, since the requirement for training is frequently focused on the disabled candidate while, in fact, the issue is also present in the professional who is handling this audience on the occasion of their entrance in the organizations. The methodological approach included a field survey based on data from semi-structured interviews, complemented by technical analysis of verbal reports. Six HR professionals, who work directly in the area of recruitment and selection of persons with disabilities, were chosen as research participants. Inevitably, these HR professionals were using psychometric instruments among others routinely employed in the selection process, also in the evaluation of persons with disabilities. The results of this study indicate that the best practices for recruitment and selection currently in use and directed at people with disabilities are discriminatory, since the professionals involved in this process, evidencing lack of knowledge of appropriate practices, apply the same selection procedures for openings destined to people known as "regular". In addition, the literature review indicates a lack of technical and scientific support that could qualify the professionals responsible for the entry and permanence in the job market of persons with disabilities, confirming thus the limitation of the public politics action in force. Due to this fact, it is proposed the adoption of affirmative actions, in this case from the private sector, in the sense of mobilizing efforts to favor the recruitment of socially excluded groups in the labor market, as it is the case of people with disabilities.

There is limited empirical research on the application of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) in staff retention and management. This study aims to examine and analyse the impact of quality human resource information systems (e.g. recruitment information, personnel information, and audit of training sessions) on staff turnover factors at the recruitment and selection stage (e.g. remuneration, human resource planning, quality of training programmes, and lack of promotion opportunities), and consequently the impact of HIRS in managing staff retention. This research is conducted in the context of the hospitality sector. The research aim is achieved through satisfying the objectives and the development of a relevant and a novel framework. A conceptual framework is developed to address the use of HRIS with regard to the recruitment and selection process and in aiding managers in staff retention within the context of the hospitality sector. The framework consists of three phases: recruitment and selection process including human resource management (HRM) and information technology systems (ITS) in the recruitment and selection stage; human resource information systems (HRIS) application areas; and staff turnover factors (external and internal). This framework developed by using two theories, the institutional theory and job characteristics theory, as the theoretical underpinning of this study. A single case study with multiple subcases strategy is employed to evaluate, extend and theorise the effect of HRIS on staff retention. The data for this research is collected by using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data are collected from four branches of the UK based hospitality organisation. 27 employees completed in-depth narrative interviews (13 managers and 14 non-managers), which the results were used to confirm and validate the developed framework. The findings are triangulated by the adoption of a series of techniques, including focus group discussion, and document analysis. This study has made use the qualitative analysis computer software NVivo V.10.This research study contributes to the literature of both HRM and IT/IS by developing a comprehensive theoretical framework that considers the relationship between staff retention and HRIS functions at the recruitment and selection stage. The research findings support and showed that, not all the factors affected staff turnover can be monitored by HRIS, and some staff turnover factors may require other strategies with respect to monitoring. The framework will benefit scholars and managers in understanding the impact of a quality HRIS on staff retention, and extends the knowledge in this regard. The framework is extended for usage by different hospitality organisations with similar business nature to the one understudy. Also, the findings show that relevant retention strategies could be applicable during the entire employment period, e.g. before, during and after recruitment. These strategies enable the organisation to be stable and improve managing retention at the very beginning period of employment and avoid the costs of staff turnover. The empirical findings also advance our understanding of the various HRM activities that are linked to retention at the recruitment and selection stage. More importantly, the research findings identify the immediate activities after recruitment which is linked to improving retention. The study aims at providing a valid framework that integrates both HRM, ITS, and identifies the role of HRIS with regard to improving retention, by identifying staff turnover factors and put in place retention strategies to deal with them, for new jobs’ applications at the recruitment and selection stage. The originality of this study is that provide fresh insights on the subjective of retention in the hospitality sector in the UK. This research complements and advances the current literature on having a quality IT/IS which provides vital information to help managers to make the right decisions on retention of members of staff. In addition, this research could prove beneficial to practitioner’s (managers) who involve in the decision making in the recruitment process, thus better retention in the hospitality sector.

A Gestão de Recursos Humanos por Competências é considerada uma abordagem moderna tanto no contexto acadêmico como empresarial. A noção de competências aparece como uma prática inserida nas empresas brasileiras, no entanto o que se percebe, a partir da observação de publicações e de discussões de educadores, administradores e empresários, é que esse é um conceito complexo e em construção. Nesse sentido, esta Dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre as principais percepções de profissionais com experiência na implementação da Gestão de Recursos Humanos por Competência quanto à aplicação e contribuição da noção de competências na função de Recursos Humanos; abrangência de aplicação da noção de competências nas organizações, bem como contribuições e dificuldades na implementação dessa nova abordagem. Para tanto, este trabalho utilizou uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória que teve como método um estudo de casos múltiplos, realizado com oito profissionais. A coleta de dados contou com quatro procedimentos, os quais foram as pesquisas bibliográficas, a pesquisa documental e os contatos indiretos e diretos. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada no conjunto de referenciais teóricos, a pesquisa documental utilizou material de fontes primárias e secundárias de dados que foram obtidos junto aos participantes. Os contatos indiretos foram feitos através da utilização de um questionário e os contatos diretos a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observação direta. As entrevistas em profundidade foram do tipo semi-estruturadas, a fim de coletar o máximo possível de dados. O estudo demonstra que a noção de competência é considerada uma nova abordagem para a Gestão de Recursos Humanos. Foi a partir dos anos 80 que ela passou a ser mais disseminada no contexto das organizações. Na atualidade aparece como um conceito integrador e dinâmico, que possibilita um olhar mais direcionado ao indivíduo e não mais ao cargo, base esse da abordagem tradicional de Recursos Humanos. Desse modo, identificou-se que em grande parte das respostas obtidas na pesquisa, a noção de competências é aplicada como um conjunto de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes, que afetam uma parte considerável do trabalho (responsabilidade ou papel) que se relaciona com o desempenho e pode ser medido e melhorado, através de ações de treinamento e desenvolvimento e que a inserção da noção de competências nas atividades de Recursos Humanos, de uma certa maneira faz do funcionário o ”ator principal” do processo e não mais o cargo. / The Administration of Human resources for Competences is considered a modern approach so much in the academic context as in business. The notion of competences appears as a practice inserted in Brazilian companies, however what is noticed, starting from the observation of publications and of educators' discussions, administrators and entrepreneurs, it is that that is a complex concept and in construction. In that sense, this Dissertation presents a study about the main perceptions of professionals with experience in the implementation of the Administration of Human resources for Competence as for the application and contribution of the notion of competences in the function of Human resources; range of application of the notion of competences in the organizations, as well as contributions and difficulties in the implementation of that new approach. For so much, this work used a qualitative and exploratory research that had as a method a study of multiple cases, accomplished with eight professionals. The data collection counted on four procedures, which were the bibliographical researches, the document retrieval and the indirect and direct contacts. The bibliographical research was accomplished in the set of theoretical references, the document retrieval used material of primary and secondary sources of data that were obtained along with the participants. The indirect contacts were made through the use of a questionnaire and the direct contacts starting from semi-structured interviews and direct observation. The interviews in depth were of the semi-structured type, in order to collect the maximum possible amount of data. The study demonstrates that the competence notion is considered a new approach for the Administration of Human resources. It was started from the eighties that it began to be more disseminated in the context of the organizations. At the present time it appears as an integrating and dynamic concept, that makes possible a more focused glance at the individual and not anymore at the position, base that of the traditional approach of Human resources. This way, it was identified that in a large part of the answers obtained in the research, the notion of competences is applied as a group of knowledge, abilities and attitudes, that affect a considerable part of the work (responsibility or paper) that links with performance and it can be measured and gotten better, through training and development actions and that the insertion of the notion of competences in the activities of Human resources, in a certain way renders the employee the ”main actor” of the process and no more the position.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A proposta da presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, candidatas a emprego em cinco empresas privadas, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que possuem em seu quadro de funcionários mais de 100 empregados, sendo assim, obrigadas ao cumprimento da Lei n 8.213/1991, a Lei de Cotas. Analisou-se também o modo como profissionais de Recursos Humanos adquiriram conhecimentos técnicos acerca destas práticas. Parte dos objetivos desta proposta de pesquisa foi identificar as bases desta determinação legal, no que se refere ao amparo técnico aos profissionais de RH no processo seletivo. Neste aspecto, o foco da investigação foi verificar a existência de programas de qualificação para estes profissionais, tendo em vista que a exigência de capacitação está sempre centrada na pessoa com deficiência, quando, na verdade, a carência está presente também nos responsáveis que lidam com este público, por ocasião do seu ingresso nas organizações corporativas. A abordagem metodológica incluiu uma pesquisa de campo com base em dados de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo complementada pela técnica de análise de relato verbal. Seis foram os profissionais de RH escolhidos como participantes da pesquisa e que atuam diretamente na área de recrutamento e de seleção de pessoas com deficiência. Inevitavelmente, estes profissionais de RH se utilizam de instrumentos psicométricos dentre outros, cotidianamente empregados no processo seletivo, inclusive na avaliação de pessoas com deficiência. Os resultados da presente pesquisa apontam que as melhores práticas de recrutamento e de seleção, atualmente em uso, direcionadas a pessoas com deficiência, são discriminatórias, pois os profissionais envolvidos neste processo, por demonstrarem falta de conhecimento acerca de práticas apropriadas, se utilizam dos mesmos procedimentos adotados no atendimento de vagas para o público de pessoas ditas normais. Complementarmente, a revisão da literatura aponta a inexistência de amparo técnico e científico, no sentido de qualificar profissionais responsáveis pelo ingresso e permanência de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, confirmando-se, assim, a limitação da ação de política pública em vigor. Por conta desse fato, propõe-se a adoção de ações afirmativas, neste caso de órgãos privados, no sentido de mobilizar esforços em prol da contratação de grupos socialmente excluídos no mercado de trabalho, como é o caso das pessoas com deficiência. / The purpose of this research aimed at critically examining the best practices in recruitment and selection, targeted to persons with disabilities seeking work in five private companies in Rio de Janeiro with over a hundred employees in their staff, therefore, obliged to comply with Law number 8.213/1991, the Quota Law. It was also analyzed the way Human Resource professionals have acquired expertise on such practices. Part of the objectives of this proposed research was to identify the basis of this legal determination, when it comes to the technical support to HR professionals in the selection process. In regards to this, the focus of this investigation was to verify the existence of training programs for these professionals, since the requirement for training is frequently focused on the disabled candidate while, in fact, the issue is also present in the professional who is handling this audience on the occasion of their entrance in the organizations. The methodological approach included a field survey based on data from semi-structured interviews, complemented by technical analysis of verbal reports. Six HR professionals, who work directly in the area of recruitment and selection of persons with disabilities, were chosen as research participants. Inevitably, these HR professionals were using psychometric instruments among others routinely employed in the selection process, also in the evaluation of persons with disabilities. The results of this study indicate that the best practices for recruitment and selection currently in use and directed at people with disabilities are discriminatory, since the professionals involved in this process, evidencing lack of knowledge of appropriate practices, apply the same selection procedures for openings destined to people known as "regular". In addition, the literature review indicates a lack of technical and scientific support that could qualify the professionals responsible for the entry and permanence in the job market of persons with disabilities, confirming thus the limitation of the public politics action in force. Due to this fact, it is proposed the adoption of affirmative actions, in this case from the private sector, in the sense of mobilizing efforts to favor the recruitment of socially excluded groups in the labor market, as it is the case of people with disabilities.

A Gestão de Recursos Humanos por Competências é considerada uma abordagem moderna tanto no contexto acadêmico como empresarial. A noção de competências aparece como uma prática inserida nas empresas brasileiras, no entanto o que se percebe, a partir da observação de publicações e de discussões de educadores, administradores e empresários, é que esse é um conceito complexo e em construção. Nesse sentido, esta Dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre as principais percepções de profissionais com experiência na implementação da Gestão de Recursos Humanos por Competência quanto à aplicação e contribuição da noção de competências na função de Recursos Humanos; abrangência de aplicação da noção de competências nas organizações, bem como contribuições e dificuldades na implementação dessa nova abordagem. Para tanto, este trabalho utilizou uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória que teve como método um estudo de casos múltiplos, realizado com oito profissionais. A coleta de dados contou com quatro procedimentos, os quais foram as pesquisas bibliográficas, a pesquisa documental e os contatos indiretos e diretos. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada no conjunto de referenciais teóricos, a pesquisa documental utilizou material de fontes primárias e secundárias de dados que foram obtidos junto aos participantes. Os contatos indiretos foram feitos através da utilização de um questionário e os contatos diretos a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observação direta. As entrevistas em profundidade foram do tipo semi-estruturadas, a fim de coletar o máximo possível de dados. O estudo demonstra que a noção de competência é considerada uma nova abordagem para a Gestão de Recursos Humanos. Foi a partir dos anos 80 que ela passou a ser mais disseminada no contexto das organizações. Na atualidade aparece como um conceito integrador e dinâmico, que possibilita um olhar mais direcionado ao indivíduo e não mais ao cargo, base esse da abordagem tradicional de Recursos Humanos. Desse modo, identificou-se que em grande parte das respostas obtidas na pesquisa, a noção de competências é aplicada como um conjunto de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes, que afetam uma parte considerável do trabalho (responsabilidade ou papel) que se relaciona com o desempenho e pode ser medido e melhorado, através de ações de treinamento e desenvolvimento e que a inserção da noção de competências nas atividades de Recursos Humanos, de uma certa maneira faz do funcionário o ”ator principal” do processo e não mais o cargo. / The Administration of Human resources for Competences is considered a modern approach so much in the academic context as in business. The notion of competences appears as a practice inserted in Brazilian companies, however what is noticed, starting from the observation of publications and of educators' discussions, administrators and entrepreneurs, it is that that is a complex concept and in construction. In that sense, this Dissertation presents a study about the main perceptions of professionals with experience in the implementation of the Administration of Human resources for Competence as for the application and contribution of the notion of competences in the function of Human resources; range of application of the notion of competences in the organizations, as well as contributions and difficulties in the implementation of that new approach. For so much, this work used a qualitative and exploratory research that had as a method a study of multiple cases, accomplished with eight professionals. The data collection counted on four procedures, which were the bibliographical researches, the document retrieval and the indirect and direct contacts. The bibliographical research was accomplished in the set of theoretical references, the document retrieval used material of primary and secondary sources of data that were obtained along with the participants. The indirect contacts were made through the use of a questionnaire and the direct contacts starting from semi-structured interviews and direct observation. The interviews in depth were of the semi-structured type, in order to collect the maximum possible amount of data. The study demonstrates that the competence notion is considered a new approach for the Administration of Human resources. It was started from the eighties that it began to be more disseminated in the context of the organizations. At the present time it appears as an integrating and dynamic concept, that makes possible a more focused glance at the individual and not anymore at the position, base that of the traditional approach of Human resources. This way, it was identified that in a large part of the answers obtained in the research, the notion of competences is applied as a group of knowledge, abilities and attitudes, that affect a considerable part of the work (responsibility or paper) that links with performance and it can be measured and gotten better, through training and development actions and that the insertion of the notion of competences in the activities of Human resources, in a certain way renders the employee the ”main actor” of the process and no more the position.