This analysis of material from two of metal band Bring Me the Horizon’s music albums aims to investigate religious expressions and references, how the band’s view on religion can be interpreted from that, and to what extent it can be seen as expressions of the band’s religiosity. The perspective of the analysis stands in relation to theories on post secularity, and the method used is content analysis which mainly functions to interpret meaning. The results show that the theory of post secularity leading to people expressing their (religious) thoughts and feelings in alternative ways seems to make sense. The band's art can be understood as a field where both the artists and fans (regardless of religious orientation) can express their emotions and reflect on religion or other topics in relation to religion. Religion constitutes both theme and object for critique in the song lyrics. Apart from that it could also be the product of the songwriter’s processing of his own religiosity and the lyrics could therefore be an expression of that. The songwriter’s critique against religion seems to be sparking his willingness to use it for his art while, consequently, when he becomes less critical he seems to write less about religion. The two albums partly cover different topics (the earlier seems to be more religiously oriented and the later more politically oriented) though both include the topic of bad mental health which is being discussed in parallel to religious expressions and references. The shift of focus between the albums seems to be due to both global changes and the songwriter’s personal experiences.

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Yes / Visual sociology often relies for its content on researcher-created or participant-created images. In this article we discuss our use of existing local history archive images in a participatory film-making project with ten people living in residential dementia care in the Northern UK. We draw on the concept of archaeology in two ways: first, as used by Foucault (1972), who contends that archaeology is a metaphor for exploring traces left by the past in order to understand the present. Secondly, in a more obvious sense–many of the most salient cultural references for our participants related to public buildings and local landmarks that had been demolished, repurposed, or dramatically changed in appearance since their youth. / UK National Institute for Health Research – School for Social Care Research

Os referenciais tecnológicos são documentos técnicos de referência, não normativos, elaborados e consensualizados por agentes da cadeia produtiva, visando à disseminação das boas práticas para o processo de produção de edifícios (planejamento, projeto, execução, uso, manutenção e pós-uso), com o intuito de se obter qualidade e adequado desempenho do produto final, bem como de consolidar e difundir o conhecimento no setor. Documentos como esses já são efetivamente utilizados em diversos países, como modelos de códigos de práticas (PRGHO_FRGHV ou FRGHV_RI_SUDFWLFHV) e guias de práticas recomendadas (EHVW_ SUDFWLFH_ JXLGHV); enquanto a construção civil brasileira, apesar de algumas iniciativas, ainda está aquém do desejado nessa área. Assim, o objetivo dessa dissertação é analisar, discutir e propor orientações técnicas, metodológicas e institucionais para a elaboração e implementação de referenciais tecnológicos para o setor de edificações no Brasil. Para tanto, faz-se uma pesquisa e caracterização de documentos nacionais, como cadernos de encargos e manuais técnicos, discutindo a estrutura e o conteúdo dos mesmos e mostrando ainda, por meio de um estudo de caso, a aplicação prática de um documento utilizado em habitações de interesse social no Estado de São Paulo (Manual de Controle de Obras e Serviços). Apresentam-se, ainda, alguns documentos estrangeiros, além de um estudo mais detalhado sobre os documentos técnicos utilizados na França ('RFXPHQWV_7HFKQLTXHV_8QLILpV___'78), discutindo-se a sua adaptação à realidade brasileira. Concluise o trabalho analisando, dentre outros fatores, o conceito de referenciais tecnológicos, seu contexto e interfaces, dando orientações quanto à estrutura e ao conteúdo de documentos desse tipo e citando dificuldades e oportunidades de desenvolvimento e aplicação dos mesmos, bem como a necessidade de ações paralelas, incluindo de natureza institucional, que contribuam para o seu uso prático e efetivo. / The “ technical references" are documents that can be used in different phases of the a building project, with no legal effect as standards or Codes, developed by the agents of the industry, to establish and disseminate best practices for planning, design, execution, use, maintenance and post-use phases, with the aim of to achieve quality and performance of the final product and to consolidate and to broadcast knowledge. Such documents exist in different countries, as the “model codes" or “ codes of practices" and the “ best practice guides" , but this is not the case in Brazil, even though we can find some initiatives in this way. Consequently, the objective of this research is to analyse, discuss and propose technical, methodological and institutional orientations to the implementation of technical referencesfor the building construction sector in Brazil. For this purpose, there is a review of documents such as procurement texts and technical manuals, an analysis of their structures and contents and a deeperexamination of the application of the document used in social housing projects in Sao Paulo. Some foreign documents are also analysed, as well as the technical documents model used in France ('RFXPHQWV_ 7HFKQLTXHV_ 8QLILpV_ __ '78), discussing its adaptation to fit Brazilian reality. The conclusion of this work lies in the analysis, amongst other factors, of the concept of technical reference documents, its context and interfaces, bringing orientation concerning their structure and content, and presenting difficulties and opportunities of developing and using them, as well as showing the need of additional actions, including those of institutional nature, that contribute to their practical and effective use.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-07-11T12:42:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marciléia Egidio Sampaio.pdf: 1862668 bytes, checksum: 5dc52e5d4be11ad2383c84e10b076c38 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-11T12:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marciléia Egidio Sampaio.pdf: 1862668 bytes, checksum: 5dc52e5d4be11ad2383c84e10b076c38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The faculty of a Pedagogy course is made up of teachers trained in explicitly educational areas and in several other areas of knowledge. At first, everyone is integrated to form the faculty of a Pedagogy course, represented by a Pedagogical Course Project. Related in the base of the Political Pedagogical Project are Resolution CNE / CP n.1, of May 15, 2006, which established the National Curricular Guidelines for the Graduation Course in Pedagogy, and Resolution n. 2, of July 1, 2015, which prescribed the National Curricular Guidelines for initial training at the higher level. Teachers bring their references - 'masks' from their undergraduate and postgraduate training courses and theoretical references and pedagogical practices stemming from their teaching experiences - into the teaching of the Pedagogy course, creating a variety of masks that form the face of the Pedagogy course. The integration of the teaching knowledge with the pedagogical project of the course requires work of personal adaptations simultaneously as that of a team work. In that scenario, the purpose of this research is to identify in the academic board of a pedagogy course, what their theoretical references and pedagogical practices are and how these references were integrated into the proposals of the Pedagogical Project of the course. Thus, it was intended, at last, to distinguish the intentions of the course of pedagogy, behind the multiple teachers’ masks. The research had two phases: the first, documentary and bibliographical. And, the second, field investigation, by doing a qualitative approach, it was developed in a public institution in the countryside of São Paulo state. It counted with the participation of teachers and managers of Higher Education. The steps of this investigation were: initial survey of the teacher’s profiles who were interviewed (pedagogical training and specific training of several areas of knowledge); and a semi-structured interview with the selected faculty. Among the findings of this study, a mention should be brought up of four references that the university professors said to introduce to the teaching of a pedagogy course, as guides of the training profile: Academic references; Classical references; References of Pedagogical Ideals and Political - Pedagogical references of the Course / O corpo docente de um curso de Pedagogia é constituído por professores formados em áreas explicitamente educacionais e em várias outras áreas do conhecimento. Em princípio, todos se integram para formar o corpo docente de um curso de Pedagogia, representado por um Projeto Pedagógico de Curso. Relacionadas na base do Projeto Político Pedagógico encontram-se a Resolução CNE/CP n.1, de 15 de maio de 2006, que instituiu as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Graduação em Pedagogia, e a Resolução n. 2, de 1º de julho de 2015, que definiu as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a formação inicial em nível superior. Os professores ao trazerem para a docência do curso de Pedagogia seus referenciais - ‘máscaras’ oriundas de seus cursos de formação na graduação e na pós-graduação e referenciais teóricos e de práticas pedagógicas advindos de suas experiências docentes, criam diversas máscaras que formam a face do curso de Pedagogia. A integração dos saberes docentes com o projeto pedagógico do curso exige trabalho de adaptações pessoais, ao mesmo tempo, que um trabalho de equipe. Neste cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de identificar no grupo de docentes de um curso de pedagogia, quais são seus referenciais teóricos e de prática pedagógica e de que forma tais referencias foram integrados nas propostas do Projeto Pedagógico do curso. Assim sendo, intentou-se, por fim, caracterizar a face do curso de pedagogia, por detrás das múltiplas máscaras docentes. A pesquisa comportou duas fases: a primeira documental e bibliográfica. E, a segunda, de campo, sob o enfoque qualitativo, foi desenvolvida em uma instituição pública do interior do estado de São Paulo. Contou-se com a participação de professores e gestores do Ensino Superior. Os passos dessa investigação foram: levantamento inicial do perfil de docentes a serem entrevistados (formação pedagógica e formação específica de diversas áreas do conhecimento); e a realização de entrevista semiestruturada junto ao corpo docente selecionado. Entre os achados deste estudo tiveram destaque a menção de quatro referenciais que os professores universitários disseram trazer para a docência de um curso de pedagogia, como norteadores do perfil de formação: referenciais Formativos; referenciais Clássicos; referenciais de Ideários Pedagógicos e referenciais Político Pedagógicos do Curso

La détermination d'abondances stellaires très précises a toujours été et reste un point clé de toute analyse spectroscopique.Cependant, de nombreuses études ont montré que l'hypothèse de l'équilibre thermodynamique local (ETL), largement utilisée dans les analyses spectroscopiques est inadéquate pour déterminer les abondances et les paramètres stellaires des étoiles géantes et pauvres en métaux où les effets hors-ETL dominent. C'est pourquoi, une modélisation hors-ETL des spectres stellaires est cruciale afin de reproduire les observations et ainsi déterminer avec précision les paramètres stellaires.Cette modélisation hors-ETL nécessite l'utilisation d'un grand jeu de données atomiques, qui ne sont pas toujours connues avec certitude. Dans les étoiles froides, les taux de collisions de l'atome d'hydrogène sont une des principales sources d'incertitudes. Ces taux sont souvent calculés en considérant une approche classique (l'approximation de Drawin) pour les transitions permises lié-lié et les transitions d'ionisations. Cette approche classique tend à surestimer les taux de collisions et ne reproduit pas correctement le comportement avec les énergies.Dans cette thèse, nous démontrons que l'approximation de Drawin ne peut pas décrire les taux de collisions dans le cas de l'atome d'hydrogène. Nous présentons une nouvelle méthode pour estimer ces taux, par le biais d'ajustement sur des taux quantiques existant pour d'autres éléments.Nous montrons que cette méthode d'ajustement quantique (MAQ) est satisfaisante pour les modélisations hors-ETL lorsque les taux quantiques dédiés ne sont pas effectivement disponibles.Nous testons cette nouvelle méthode, avec le modèle d'atome de Fer que nous avons développé, sur des étoiles de référence issues « du Gaia-ESO survey ».En partant de paramètres photosphériques non-spectroscopiques connus, nous déterminons les abondances (1D) en fer de ces étoiles de référence dans les cas ETL et hors-ETL .Nos résultats dans le cas hors ETL conduisent à un excellent accord entre les abondances de FeI et FeII avec de faibles écarts types de raies à raies, particulièrement dans le cas des étoiles pauvres en métaux.Notre méthode est validée par comparaison avec de nouveaux calculs quantiques préliminaires sur l'atome de Fe I et d'hydrogène, dont les ajustements sont en excellent accord avec les nôtres. / Determination of high precision abundances has and will always be an important goal of all spectroscopic studies. The use of LTE assumption in spectroscopic analyses has been extensively shown in the literature to badly affect the determined abundances and stellar parameters, especially in metal-poor and giant stars which can be subject to large non-LTE effects. Non-LTE modeling of stellar spectra is therefore essential to accurately reproduce the observations and derive stellar abundances. Non-LTE calculations require the inputof a bulk of atomic data, which may be subject to uncertainties. In cool stars, hydrogen collisional rates are a major source of uncertainty, which are often approximated using a classical recipe (the Drawin approximation) for allowed bound-bound, and ionization transitions only. This approximation has been shown to overestimate the collisional rates, and does not reproduce the correct behavior with energies. We demonstrate in this dissertation the inability of the Drawin approximation to describe the hydrogen collisional rates.We introduce a new method to estimate these rates based on fitting the existing quantum rates of other elements. We show that this quantum fitting method (QFM) performs well in non-LTE calculations when detailed quantum rates are not available. We test the newly proposed method, with a complete iron model atom that we developed, on a reference set of stars from the Gaia-ESO survey. Starting from well determined non-spectroscopic atmospheric parameters, we determine 1D, non-LTE, and LTE iron abundances for this set ofstars. Our non-LTE results show excellent agreement between Fe I and Fe II abundances and small line-by-line dispersions, especially for the metal-poor stars. Our method is validated upon comparison with new preliminary Fe I+H quantum calculations, whose fits show an excellent agreement with ours.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T18:15:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DA GRACA MOUCHREK JALDIN.pdf: 589878 bytes, checksum: a4438de077d576ce70fce6d241683f81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-18 / FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO / The aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth of exclusively breast-fed infants from birth to six months of age, as well as to compare weight, length and head circumference with the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS/1978) reference, and the new international World Health Organization standard/2006 (WHO/2006). A prospective longitudinal study, undertaken in the Human Milk Bank of the Child Maternal University Hospital in São Luis, Maranhão-Brazil, in the period of October 2007 to November 2008. A convenience sampling of 328 full term singleton infants, with birth weight equal to or over 2.5 kg and lower or equal to 4.0kg, exclusively breastfed, upon demand, since their birth. The weight, length and head circumference recorded from birth to the sixth month of age. The growth was evaluated through mean standard deviation and percentiles, and the results were compared to those of the NCHS/1978 reference and WHO/2006 standard. A total of 181 infants (95 females and 86 males) concluded the study. The mean weight of infants at birth was 3.3kg and 8.2kg at six months for males, and 7.7kg for females. Males weighed more than females from the first to the sixth month (p<0.05). The greatest velocity in weight gain occurred in the first two months of life for both sexes. Both males and females doubled their mean birth weight around the third and fourth months, respectively. The mean weight of females was superior to the WHO/2006 standard, at birth and from the third to the sixth month (p<0.05); as to the males, it was superior from the fourth to the sixth month (p<0.05). The mean weight was above the NCHS/1978 reference, for both genders, from birth to the sixth month (p<0.05) except for males at birth. The mean length at birth was 49.1cm (males) and 48.9cm (females), and it was 67.0 cm (males) and 65.4cm (females) at the sixth month. The mean length of males was lower than the WHO/2006, from birth to the sixth month (p<0.05), except for the fifth month; it was also lower than the NCHS/1978 at birth, in the first, fourth and sixth months of life (p<0.05). As to the females, it was similar to the WHO/2006 and lower than the NCHS/1978, at birth and at the sixth month (p<0.05). The 50th percentile of weight of infants was comparable to WHO/2006 percentile, and the females and males surpassed the standard measure from the second and third months, respectively. The 50th percentile of the infants weight was superior to the NCHS/1978 from the first to the sixth month. The 50th percentiles of length and head circumference were comparable to the respective percentiles of the standard and the reference. The infants velocity of the monthly weight increment followed the 50th percentile curve of the WHO/2006, with a better performance, however. It was concluded that exclusively breast-fed infants up to six months presented satisfactory growth. The weight, length and head circumference were akin to the 50th percentile of the WHO standard and NCHS reference; however, the infants in the study were heavier than the reference. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o crescimento de crianças, em aleitamento materno exclusivo, do nascimento ao sexto mês e comparar o peso, o comprimento e o perímetro cefálico com a referência National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS/1978) e com o novo padrão internacional World Health Organization/2006 (WHO/2006). Estudo prospectivo, longitudinal realizado no Banco de Leite Humano do Hospital Universitário Materno Infantil, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil, entre outubro de 2007 a novembro de 2008. Amostra de conveniência com 328 crianças nascidas a termo, não gemelares, peso ao nascer igual ou superior a 2,5kg e inferior ou igual a 4,0kg e em aleitamento exclusivo, do nascimento ao sexto mês, sob livre demanda. O peso, comprimento e perímetro cefálico foram verificados do nascimento ao sexto mês. Avaliouse o crescimento por meio de médias, desvio padrão e percentis, comparando-se os resultados aos da referência NCHS/1978 e do padrão WHO/2006. Finalizaram o estudo 181 crianças (95 meninas e 86 meninos). O peso médio das crianças ao nascer foi 3,3kg e, aos seis meses, 8,2kg, meninos e 7,7kg, meninas. Os meninos foram mais pesados que as meninas, do primeiro ao sexto mês (p<0,05). A maior velocidade no ganho ponderal ocorreu nos dois primeiros meses de vida, em ambos os sexos. Meninos e meninas dobraram o peso médio de nascimento por volta do terceiro e quarto meses, respectivamente. O peso médio das meninas foi superior ao padrão WHO/2006, ao nascer e do terceiro ao sexto mês (p<0,05); o dos meninos, superior do quarto ao sexto mês (p<0.05). Foi superior à referência NCHS/1978, em ambos os sexos, do nascimento ao sexto mês (p<0,05), exceto, ao nascer, nos meninos. O comprimento médio, ao nascer, foi 49,1cm (meninos) e 48,9cm (meninas), aos seis meses, 67,0cm (meninos) e 65,4cm (meninas). O comprimento médio dos meninos foi inferior ao WHO/2006, do nascimento ao sexto mês (p<0,05), exceto no quinto; foi inferior à NCHS/1978, ao nascer, no primeiro, quarto e sexto meses de vida (p<0,05); nas meninas foi semelhante ao WHO/2006 e menor que a NCHS/1978, ao nascer e no sexto mês (p<0,05). O percentil 50 do peso das crianças foi comparável ao WHO/2006, sendo que meninos e meninas superaram o padrão, a partir do segundo e terceiro meses, respectivamente. O percentil 50 do peso das crianças foi superior à NCHS/1978, do primeiro ao sexto mês. Os percentis 50 do comprimento e perímetro cefálico foram comparáveis aos respectivos percentis do padrão e da referência. A velocidade de ganho de peso mensal das crianças acompanhou o percentil 50 do padrão WHO/2006, porém com um desempenho melhor. Concluiu-se que crianças amamentadas exclusivamente, até o sexto mês de vida, apresentaram crescimento satisfatório. O peso, comprimento e perímetro cefálico foram comparáveis ao percentil 50 do padrão WHO e da referência NCHS, contudo as crianças do estudo foram mais pesadas que a referência.

L'Audit Interne est une activité indépendante et objective qui contribue à la maîtrise des entreprises et à créer de la valeur ajoutée. À cet effet, l'auditeur interne s'assure: dela cohérence, de l'ambition et la faisabilité des objectifs, de l'optimisation des moyens utilisés pour leur atteinte, du respect des politiques; des procédures, des textes réglementaires, du respect des délégations de pouvoirs et enfin s'assure de la protection du patrimoine. L'audit interne détecte les problèmes, identifie leurs causes et fait des recommandations pour les solutionner. Au Maroc, plusieurs textes de lois ont prévu l'instauration de l'audit interne au sein des organisations marocaines. Or, malgré cela, l'audit interne ne joue pas efficacement son rôle : Pourquoi et comment ? / Internal Audit is an independent and objective activity that contributes to the control of companies and to create added value. For this purpose, the internal auditor shall ensure: consistency, ambition and the feasibility of the objectives, of the optimization of the means used for their infringement, compliance with policies; procedures, statutory instruments, compliance with the delegation of authority and finally ensures the protection of the heritage. Internal audit detects problems; identify their causes, and makes recommendations to solve them. In Morocco, several pieces of legislation have planned the establishment of the internal audit within the Moroccan organizations. However, despite this, the internal audit does not play effectively its role: why and how?

The aim of this essay is to identify and discuss possible solutions to problems regarding the translation of certain cultural references in blog columns by the American author Jeff Klima. More specifically, these cultural references are general cultural aspects, swear words and references to people. General cultural aspects include references to historical events, religious festivities, publications, cultural stereotypes and culturally based idioms. I use Vinay and Darbelnet’s strategies of direct and oblique translation, as well as Nida’s concepts of formal and dynamic equivalence. I also use Newmark’s strategies of semantic versus communicative translation, and Ingo’s adaption strategy. I find that there is no universal solution applicable to all types of culturally related issues in translation, but that every case is unique and requires a unique solution. What can be said, however, is that semantic translations and word-for-word translations are rarely applicable when it comes to cultural issues. True for all issues, however, is that the translator needs to be perfectly clear on what the author is saying and who the receiver, or target reader, is in order to begin to explore which strategy is best to use.