A partir do exame comparativo dos regimentos passados aos governadores-gerais Antônio Telles da Silva, em 1642, Jerônimo de Ataíde, em 1653, e ao mestre-de-campo general Roque da Costa Barreto, em 1677, o presente trabalho procura, em sua primeira parte, determinar e sistematizar as atribuições e competências do Governo-Geral no que se refere à administração do Estado do Brasil, buscando apresentar como a instituição se organizava, do ponto de vista formal.Na segunda parte, examina-se a prática administrativa dos referidos governadores, tendo por foco as questões relacionadas à defesa e conservação da América portuguesa, como também a sua exploração econômica. Objetiva-se, com isso, verificar as condições de governabilidade, a posição do governador-geral dentro da estrutura administrativa da América, sua interface com os grupos da sociedade e seus distintos interesses, possibilitando compreender seu efetivo funcionamento e sua penetração na sociedade. Pretende-se, dessa forma, apreender a aplicação das normas regimentais e sua recepção no corpo social, identificando, a partir da articulação entre a forma normativa, expressa nos regimentos, e a da prática administrativa, o alcance e os limites do poder da Coroa. / From the comparative examination of the regiments passed to the Governors General Antônio Telles da Silva, in 1642, Jerônimo de Ataíde, in 1653, and Field Master General Roque da Costa Barreto, in 1677, this paper aims at, in its the first part, determining and systematizing the duties and powers of the General Government in relation to the State administration of Brazil, seeking to present itself how the institution was organized from the formal point of view.The second part examines the administrative practices of those governments focusing on issues related to protection and conservation of Portuguese America, as well as its economic exploitation. The aim is, thus, verify the conditions of governance, the position of the Governor General within the administrative structure of America, its interface with society groups and their different interests, allowing to understand its effective operation and its penetration in society. The purpose is therefore to seize the application of procedural rules and its reception in the social body, identifying, from the articulation between the normative form, expressed in the regulations, and administrative practice, the scope and limits of the power of the Crown.

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No / Although military sites have long been the subject of geophysical investigation, those associated with recent military campaigns are noticeably rare. In fact, although such techniques are increasingly used to identify the unwanted legacy of modern warfare, such as unexploded ordnances or mass burials, they have not been used to investigate the archaeology of such conflict. The survey here attempts to identify the archaeology of one military site (Puits d'Herode) that was part of Hitler's Atlantic Wall and to identify the key elements associated with its D-Day defences. Magnetic gradiometry, twin-probe resistance and ground-penetrating radar were used at this site and, as a result of the nature of the buried archaeology, the magnetic technique proved most valuable. Trenches and bunkers previously known from aerial photographs were located accurately and a track believed to relate to the post-D-Day advance of the Allied forces across Puits d'Herode was also identified. The use of geophysical data in the investigation of this site has provided a new avenue to examine previously difficult topics such as the quality of intelligence available at the time of the conflict and the level and accuracy of shelling; although these may seem unlikely targets for archaeological geophysics, they are important to military historians for whom eye witness accounts are becoming increasingly scarce.

The 17th Indiana Volunteer Regiment was part of “Wilder’s Lightning Brigade”, a mounted infantry brigade under Col. John T. Wilder. Through his efforts he mounted his infantry on horseback and equipped them with Spencer Repeating Rifles. This paper argues that these changes were deliberate on the part of John T. Wilder rather than emulating others, led to a conscious and noticeable change in tactics, that these changes were effective, and examines the Brigade’s influences on future military tactics. Through the use a various Primary and Secondary sources, with heavy emphasis placed on diaries, letters, unit histories, and drill manuals, I show that the changes made were deliberate, noticed by the men and their adversaries, highly effective, and an early example of future forces like mechanized infantry.

The 60th Royal American Regiment was raised in an attempt to combine the qualities of a frontiersman and a trained soldier. This paper presents an in-depth look at the conditions which revealed a need to meet the challenges of frontier warfare. The specialized training, outfitting, and tactical education of this regiment, its performance in battle situations, and its ensuing impact on training and tactics throughout the army are all considered. / The primary focus of this paper is the Royal American Regiment's performance in North America in the battles of the Seven Year's War, and above all its decisive involvement in the Pontiac Rebellion. Discussion of these engagements presents the thesis that the Royal American Regiment was at the forefront of a movement in training reform that helped add a new dimension to the British Army.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a disease which may cause gradual narrowing and possibly congestion of arteries that are responsible for nourishing the lower limbs. Most often this condition develops consequently with atherosclerosis. The most advanced stage of PAD is called critical limb ischemia. The changes induced by atherosclerosis affect not only the lower limb arteries, but at the time of the diagnosis of PAD all arteries in the body are already affected. Therefore PAD belongs among cardiovascular diseases and its diagnosis is a negative prognostic factor of the overall cardiovascular risk. The aim of treatment interventions is to reduce complications that accompany this ailment and their impact on the patient's life. The aim of the thesis was to find out to what extend the patients are informed about the causes of PAD, options of its treatment and the impact of prevention and life style on the overall prognosis of the disease. The first objective of the thesis is to find out if patients are aware of the risks of PAD treatment, one of which is leg amputation. The second objective is to find out whether the patients are sufficiently informed about their condition. The third objective is to evaluate whether patients follow the prescribed treatment. The fourth objective is to find out whether patients are willing to change their life style in order to eliminate the risk of lower limb amputation. A part of interviews with patients was to educate them about their condition, the necessity of following the treatment regimen and the impact of lifestyle on the affected leg prognosis. At the end, the interviewed received educational handouts with information about the most important suggested procedures to follow. The practical part of the thesis is based on qualitative research. The data was collected in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted in two steps. The first step was to educate patients about PAD and distribute informational handouts. The second round of interviews took place intentionally several months after the first ones. Their purpose was to assess the impact of education on patients' compliance with treatment and regimen. The research shows the majority of the interviewed were well-informed about the crucial aspects of their condition and treatment procedures. The participants understood the given information and considered it satisfactory. However, it was surprising that patients had not looked for information themselves. Simultaneously, it was ascertained that most of the respondents were aware of the prognosis and risks related to the treatment. The two-step interviews showed some respondents were not aware of the causes of their disease. It can be therefore assumed that their ignorance of the risk factors and their impact on the development of the disease is the reason why patients do not give enough importance to the suggested treatment regimen. Furthermore, it was found out that they had not look for a substitute solution if they are not able to follow the recommended treatment regimen. The results of this thesis show that although the elimination of the risk factors is crucial for patients' future they do not pay enough attention to them. There are two aspects to it; either patients trivialize the potential risks or are apathetic or are not sufficiently informed. It is hard to have some impact on patients' apathy and trivialization of their condition. Nevertheless, it is possible to influence the second aspect, which is the subject of the final part of the thesis and the educational handout. As was discovered during the interviews, the information provided by doctors during ambulatory treatment is not thorough and does not include practical advice how to follow treatment regimen. Patients should be informed by nurse either personally or during the sessions. In this way the patient should be also selfmotivated in their treatment.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:23:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1996228 bytes, checksum: ee6b95264a85ffc0fbcce01225ded738 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Within the perspective of Cultural History this research proposes an analysis of a very important document for the History of the Inquisition in Portugal: the inquisitorial Regiment of 1640.This inquisitorial code lasted for 134 years of the 285 years of the Inquisition in Portugal, was compiled during the troubled process of restoration of the portuguese throne and replaced at the end of the controversial Pombal s period. For more than a century the Regiment dictated procedural rules and practices of the Holy Office lusitanian, their rites and labels, your public and private ceremonies; regulated on the application of punishments and served as a moral and religious teaching in the parameter control of the Inquisition under the lusitanian society and its colonies. We have described the Regiment of 1640 as the result of a long historical process. We discuss the idea of Law and Intolerance that have been shaping up in accordance with the economic, social and political factors that are constantly reconfigured through Europe during the scenarios of Middle and Modern Ages and, from these historical changes, walked the long hike until the Modern Inquisition in Portugal; their influences, struggles, conflicts, power relations and socio-cultural impacts. We trace a brief history of the Inquisition s codes, through a comparative analysis in order to better situate in relation to legal changes that converged in the Regiment of 1640. We contextualize the time of writing of 1640 regimental code. We analyzed the obstacles and the contexts of Iberian Peninsula and the inquisitorial real agents who moved in the intricate diplomatic game to redraw the boundaries after the independence of Portugal from Spain. We explore the importance of the central figures of the Inquisition in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration s strife. We detail each of the three books that make up the regimental code: the book of ministers and officials, the book of procedural practices and the book of feathers. The analysis of the books was made with the intention of presenting the regimental details, the rich detailing of Inquisitorial Law and its justifications for its practical and specific penalties applications. When we historicizing the Inquisitorial Law, we verified its proximity to the Canon Law and its influence on the future development of a secular, scholar and written Law. In Portugal, the limits of Inquisitorial Justice and Secular Justice during the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were not clear, observant of the of the monarchy s servants and agents of faith, on many occasions, their eyes walked together on their inspections in Portuguese territory and its colonies. The Roman Curia and the Portuguese Crown divided their influences under inquisitorial features, the real power applied its political and economic power within a regionalized perspective and the papacy outlined the legal and administrative functions of the Holy Office using its supranational power. / Dentro das perspectivas da História Cultural este trabalho propõe uma análise de um documento chave para a História da Inquisição em Portugal: o Regimento inquisitorial de 1640. Esse código inquisitorial vigorou durante 134 anos dos 285 anos de Inquisição em Portugal, foi compilado durante o conturbado processo de Restauração do trono lusitano e substituído no fim do controverso período pombalino. Durante mais de um século o Regimento ditou as regras e práticas processuais do Santo Ofício lusitano, seus ritos e etiquetas, suas cerimônias públicas e particulares; regulou sobre a aplicação das penas e serviu de parâmetro moral e religioso no controle pedagógico da Inquisição sob a sociedade lusitana e suas colônias. Procuramos descrever o Regimento de 1640 como fruto de um longo processo histórico. Abordamos a ideia de Direito e Intolerância que foram se amoldando de acordo com os cenários econômicos, sociais e políticos que se reconfiguravam constantemente pela Europa durante as Idades Média e Moderna e, a partir dessas mudanças históricas, percorremos o longo caminhar da Inquisição Moderna em Portugal; suas influências, lutas, embates, relações de poder e impactos socioculturais. Traçamos um breve histórico dos códigos inquisitoriais, partindo de uma análise comparativa para melhor nos situarmos em relação às mudanças legais que convergiram no Regimento de 1640. Contextualizamos o momento de elaboração do código regimental de 1640. Analisamos os entraves e contextos da Ibéria e os agentes reais e inquisitoriais que se moviam no intricado jogo diplomático que redesenhava as fronteiras independentes entre Portugal e Espanha. Exploramos a importância de figuras centrais da Inquisição de Portugal durante as contendas pela Restauração portuguesa. Detalhamos cada um dos três livros que compõe o código regimental, o livro dos funcionários, o livro das práticas processuais e o livro das penas. A análise dos livros foi elaborada com a intenção de apresentar a minúcia regimental, o rico detalhamento do Direito Inquisitorial e suas justificativas para aplicação de suas práticas e penas específicas. Ao historicizarmos o Direito Inquisitorial, verificamos sua proximidade com o Direito Canônico e sua influência na elaboração futura de um Direito laico, erudito e escrito. Em Portugal, os limites da Justiça Inquisitorial e a Justiça Secular durante os séculos XVI, XVII e XVIII não eram claros, os olhos atentos dos agentes reais e dos agentes da fé, em muitas oportunidades, caminharam juntos em suas inspeções no território português e suas colônias. A Cúria romana e a Coroa portuguesa dividiam suas influências sob as feições inquisitoriais, o poder real aplicava seu poder político e econômico dentro de uma perspectiva regionalizada e o papado delineava as atribuições legais e administrativas do Santo Ofício utilizando-se de sua força supranacional.

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Sverige påbörjade en upprustning efter Rysslands invasion av Ukraina 2014. Debatten kring Sveriges försvarsförmåga har under den gångna våren åter igen aktualiserats och kommit på allas läppar på grund av Rysslands senaste invasion av Ukraina. Sveriges regering har beslutat att Försvarsmakten ska få ökade ekonomiska anslag och att organisationen ska utökas personellt. En stor del av Arméns förband kommer i framtiden allt utgöras av tidvis tjänstgörande personal, dvs reservofficerare, tidvis tjänstgörande soldater samt värnpliktiga. De här personalkategorierna behöver både upprätthålla sin kompetens och utvecklas för att fylla sin plats i krigsorganisationen. I dagsläget när reservofficerare kallas till tjänstgöring i samband med utbildning eller träning är deltagandet frivilligt. Försvarsmaktens uppfattning är att knappt hälften av Sveriges ca 6 800 reservofficerare har övat sedan 2014. Syftet med studien är att utforska vad som motiverar respektive vad som uppfattas som försvårande eller rent hindrande faktorer till tjänstgöring för reservofficerarna vid Skaraborgs regemente. Studiens fokus är på vad som engagerar dem att tjänstgöra i Försvarsmakten och vad som kan öka deras motivation. Studien baseras på intervjuer. Den insamlande empirin är analyserad med Grounded theory. I analysen kombineras två olika teorier om motivation för att förstå reservofficerarnas situation. Amitai Etzionis Compliance theory, en teori kring hur olika styrformer inom organisationer korrelerar med motivation, kombineras med Herzberg, Mausner och Snydermans The motivation to work, en teori om motivation på arbetsplatsen. Reservofficerarna upplever i grunden att tjänstgöringen är motiverande och Försvarsmakten skall fortsätta stärka relationen med sina anställda och dra nytta av förbandsandan. Studien har identifierat fem huvudsakliga områden som påverkar reservofficerarnas engagemang: militära miljön, kommunikation, växelverkan, regler samt lön och ersättning. Den speciella miljön som uppstår i Försvarsmakten är den enskilt mest motiverande faktorn för tjänstgöring. Det är en miljö som de intervjuade reservofficerarna trivs i, en miljö som de dessutom uppger är svår att finna någon annanstans. Miljön består av den unika kombinationen militära kontexten, relationen till kollegorna och känslan av att tillhöra något större. / Sweden began a rearmament after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2014. The debate over Sweden's defense capability has again been brought to the fore again this spring and has come to everyone's lips due to Russia's latest invasion of Ukraine. The Swedish government has decided that the Armed Forces will receive increased financial grants and that the organization will be expanded in personnel. In the future, a large part of the Army's units will all consist of part-time personnel, ie reserve officers, part-time soldiers and conscripts. These categories of personnel both need to maintain their skills and develop to fill their place in the war organization. At present, when reserve officers are called up for duty in connection with education or training, participation is voluntary. The Armed Forces' perception is that almost half of Sweden's approximately 6,800 reserve officers have not served since 2014. The purpose of the study is to explore what motivates and what is perceived as aggravating or purely hindering factors for service for the reserve officers in Skaraborg regiment. The study's focus is on what engages them to serve in the Armed Forces and what can increase their motivation. The study is based on interviews. The collected empirics are analyzed with Grounded theory. The analysis combines two different theories of motivation to understand the situation of reserve officers. Amitai Etzioni's Compliance theory, a theory on power, involvement, and their correlates in organizations, is combined with Herzberg, Mausner and Snyderman's The motivation to work, a theory of motivation in the workplace. The reserve officers perceive the service as fundamentally motivating and the Armed Forces is recommended to strengthen the relationship with their employees and benefit from the spirit in the unit. The study has identified five areas that mainly affects the reserve officers' engagement: the military environment, communication, interaction, rules, and pay and compensation. The special environment that arises in the Armed Forces is the single most motivating factor for service. It is an environment that the interviewed reserve officers thrive in, an environment that they also state is difficult to find anywhere else. The environment consists of the unique combination of military context, the relationship with colleagues and the feeling of belonging to something bigger.

This study first offers a political, social, and economic overview of Texas during the first two decades of the twentieth century, including reaction in the Lone Star state to the declaration of war against Germany in April, 1917; the fear of saboteurs and foreign-born citizens; and the debate on raising a wartime army through a draft or by volunteerism. Then, focusing in-depth on northwest Texas, the study examines the Texas National Guard unit recruited there, the Seventh Texas Infantry Regiment. Using primarily the selective service registration cards of a sample of 1,096 members of the regiment, this study presents a portrait of the officers and enlisted soldiers of the Seventh Texas based on age, occupation, marital status, dependents and other criteria, something that has not been done in studies of World War I soldiers. Next, the regiment's training at Camp Bowie, near Fort Worth, Texas, is described, including the combining of the Seventh Texas with the First Oklahoma Infantry to form the 142nd Infantry Regiment of the Thirty-Sixth Division. After traveling to France and undergoing nearly two months of training, the regiment was assigned to the French Fourth Army in the Champagne region and went into combat for the first time. The study examines the combat experiences of these soldiers from northwest Texas and how they described and expressed their experiences to their families and friends after the armistice of November 11, 1918. The study concludes with an examination of how the local communities of northwest Texas celebrated the armistice, and how they welcomed home their "soldier boys" in the summer of 1919. This study also charts the changing nature of the Armistice Day celebrations and veteran reunions in Texas as time passed, as well as the later lives of some of the officers and men who served with the regiment.