Bakgrund: Under tidigt 1990-tal drabbades Uganda av en HIV epidemi och var ett av dehårdast drabbade länderna söder om Sahara. Mellan 1990 - 2010, sjönk antalet Hivinfekteradepersoner från 18 till 6 %, till följd av ökad medvetenhet och mer säkert sex. Idag har Ugandaen av de högsta nivåerna av nyligen infekterade människor. Unga vuxna i åldrarna 15–24 år ärden grupp med högst risk att bli infekterade med HIV i Uganda. Det är vanligt attsjuksköterskor runt om i världen har rådgivande samtal. Även om hur rådgivning utförs kanvariera så är målet att minska riskbeteenden och motivera till att ha säkert sex.Syfte: Syftet med den här kandidatuppsatsen är att beskriva legitimerade sjuksköterskorserfarenheter av att ha rådgivande samtal med unga vuxna om HIV.Metod: En kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer på Lubaga sjukhus i Kampala,Uganda. 12 legitimerade sjuksköterskor intervjuades från tre olika avdelningar, materialettranskriberades och analyserades med en induktiv kvalitativ analysmetod, inspirerat avBurnard.Resultat: Fyra teman identifierades: en komplex miljö att ha rådgivande samtal med ungavuxna, unga vuxnas försök till självhjälp, Socioekonomisk utsatthet kopplat till HIV och ungavuxnas känslor relaterat till HIV. Ur dessa fyra teman upptäcktes 11 kategorier.Konklusion: Legitimerade sjuksköterskor upplever att det finns både hjälpande och stjälpandefaktorer som påverkar deras rådgivande Sammanfattningsvis så orsakar unga vuxnas rädslaför HIV, stigma relaterat till HIV och socioekonomiska förhållanden hindrar för samtal ochhur resursfulla unga vuxna är underlättar för rådgivande samtal. / Background: In the early 1990’s Uganda suffered from a HIV-epidemic and was one of themost effected countries in Sub-Sahara Africa. However, from 1990 - 2010, the level of HIVinfected people dropped from 18 to 6 % due to awareness raising and less high-risk behaviorssuch as unsafe sex. Today, Uganda has one of the highest levels of newly infected people.Young adults in the ages 15 - 24 years old are the most exposed group to get infected withHIV in Uganda. Counseling is a common task in nursing all around the world. Although thespecifics of how counseling is performed could differ, the main goal is to reduce the numberof high-risk behaviors and motivate the person to engage in safe sex, including sexual contactand use of condoms.Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe nurses’ experiences of counseling young adultsabout HIV.Method: A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews at Lubaga hospital in Kampala,Uganda. 12 registered nurses were interviewed from three wards at the hospital, the materialwas transcript and then analyzed with an inductive qualitative content analysis approachinspired by Burnard.Results: Four themes were identified: a complex environment to counsel young adults in,young adult’s efforts to self-care, socio-economic challenges linked to HIV and young adult’sfeelings associated with HIV. Moreover, 11 categories emerged through the themes.Conclusion: Registered nurses experience both factors that burdens and facilitate counseling.In conclusion, young adults fear of HIV, HIV-related stigma and socioeconomic factors posean obstacle when counseling young adults about HIV and young adults’ resources makescounseling easier.

Abstract available in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

Introduction: In the rapidly growing and evolving healthcare systems, Continuing Professional Development (CPD) has become essential for nurses to update their knowledge and skills, achieve and maintain their competencies, and elevate their clinical functioning with the aim of providing a high standard quality of healthcare to the public as the ultimate goal. Moreover, CPD has been mandated as a licensure renewal requirement for nurses in the UAE. However, despite its importance, there is a lack of empirical studies about the effectiveness of CPD programmes in the UAE. Aim: This study explores and investigates the perspective of registered nurses (RNs), regarding the effectiveness of the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in the UAE in order to develop CPD strategies. Research design: Advanced Multiphase Mixed Method. Methods: The study constitutes three phases: • Phase one is qualitative; data was collected through four exploratory focus group interviews with RNs from all geographical areas in Abu Dhabi. They were selected through expert purposive sampling strategy from the same selected facilities as per the sampling of phase two. Data was analysed by “Thematic Analysis Style” using QSR NVivo software. • Phase two is quantitative descriptive; a modified questionnaire Q-PDN (Questionnaire-Professional Development for Nurses) was used to collect data from RNs. The sample was selected from a population of 18,910 RNs through probability stratified sampling, utilising the probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling due to the unequal size of the units. The sample size was 400 with a 655 response rate. Data was analysed by using the SPSS software yielding descriptive and inferential statistics. • Phase three is qualitative Appreciative Inquiry where meeting(s) were conducted with nursing “key players” in the Abu Dhabi, adopting the 5-D Cycle. The nursing ‘key players” represent the role of the nursing leaders in Abu Dhabi. Data was analysed using simultaneous targeted participatory thematic analysis. Results and conclusion: The CPD strategic recommendations were developed based on the RNs’ needs and perceptions and aligned with the benchmarked international CPD practices. The main consideration was the evidence of an existing relationship between the perceived influencing factors and the RNs’ participation in CPD. The study has numerous implications towards developing CPD strategies and policies, contribution to body of knowledge, and benefiting the nurses. Keywords: Continuing Professional Development, Strategy Development, Nursing / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Nursing Science / PhD (Nursing) / Unrestricted

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The purpose of this research study is to develop and describe a model to enhance the empowerment professional nurses to promote the recovery of people who have been diagnosed with depression. Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that despite its increase worldwide, often goes undetected or inadequately treated. The biomedical model's reductionist and dualistic approach proves to be inadequate for nursing practice to address depression and calls for the examination of a multifaceted holistic approach. A multifaceted holistic approach views disease as having multiple causes that are amenable to multiple therapeutic interventions. Despite research evidence about the effectiveness of such an approach, an in-dept literature search did not reveal the availability of such a model to enhance the empowerment of professional nurses to promote the recovery of people who have been diagnosed with depression. The research question that emerged was: • How can professional nurses in the Western Cape be empowered to promote the recovery of people who have been diagnosed with depression? The assumption is that this question was necessary to address. To realise the purpose of this research study, the following objectives were formulated: • To explore and describe the self reported attributes needed by professional nurses to promote the recovery of people who have been diagnosed with depression. • To explore and describe how these self reported attributes can be facilitated in the work environment. • To propose a model to enhance the empowerment of professional nurses to promote the recovery of people who have been diagnosed with depression. • To develop guidelines for the operationalisation of the model. The theoretical framework for this research study was adopted from the Critical Social Theory. The research design and method used was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual in nature. The research was done in two phases. In phase one the researcher did semi- structured interviews with a purposive and convenient sample of fourteen (14) professional nurses who were working in the Cape Town Metropolitan area and the West Coast. Each interview was transcribed from the tape recordings, verbatim and open coding was used to identify and analyse the content. In phase two the model was designed based on the findings of phase one. The six components, namely goals, concepts, definitions, relationships, structure and assumptions as described by Chinn and Jacobs, were used to develop the model. The guidelines for critical reflection as described by Chinn and Kramer were used to evaluate the model. A purposive sample that consisted of a group of psychiatric nurse specialists was asked to validate the model during a group discussion. As a result of their daily interaction with people who have been diagnosed with depression, professional nurses identified increased workload, lack of professional development and a lack of organizational support as barriers to implement the identified attributes support, positive approach, interpersonal skills and awareness of structure to promote the characteristics of the recovery approach. After the data analysis an empowerment model that would support professional nurses to promote a recovery approach in their working environments was developed. To ensure trustworthiness, Lincoln and Guba's model was used throughout the study. Ethical considerations were maintained throughout this qualitative research study.

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Background: With the current nursing shortage there are fewer experienced nurses and more newly licensed registered nurses (NLRNs) in the workplace. This shortage may be due in part to inconsistencies between role expectations learned in school and the practice environment. These inconsistencies may make it challenging to transition from nursing school into professional healthcare organizations. Nurses with certain person-level traits, including resilience and emotional intelligence, may be more likely to make a successful transition into practice. Findings may improve our understanding of what person-level traits are important for making the successful transition to the workforce. Purpose: The current study explored whether emotional intelligence (EI) and resilience influenced transition into professional roles. Theoretical Framework: Understanding how cultural shock and adaptation are challenging for many NLRNs is important. Duchscher transition theory provided an overview of how NLRNs engaged in the professional practice role as they are confronted with the realities of the work environment. Methods: A non-experimental research design with descriptive cross-sectional study is used to determine if EI and resilience have any effect on NLRNs transitioning into their professional roles. Results: With a sample size of 63, there is a direct positive linear relationship between resilience and global trait EI and its subscales for NLRNs. The correlation is significant with the exception of the EI subscale emotionality. Also there was no significance with NLRNs who transitioned in a critical care setting and those in other specialty care areas. Conclusions: There is a need for further exploration of this relationship with a larger sample size and the need to investigate person-level characteristics in NLRNs who successfully transition to their professional role.

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No description available.

Background Spirituality is within into every person even though the spiritual experience is always individual. Well-being and happiness are related to the amount of spirituality influencingone’s life. Patients spiritual distress and needs often emerge from their experience of suffering. Acknowledging patients’ spirituality needs, and possessing skills to meet suchneeds, are crucial to provide holistic care; unmet spiritual needs can could increase patient ́s suffering. Spiritual care is included in registered nurses’ responsibility, althoughthe focus and involvement of spiritual care, depends on their personal experiences. Aim The aim was to examine registered nurses’ experiences of meeting patients’ spiritual needsin a hospital setting in Peru. Method A qualitative design was performed with semi-structured interviews. Nine registered nurses were interviewed, the collected data was analysed with a qualitative content analysis. Findings Three categories were found in the analysis; Recognition of professional responsibilities in providing spiritual care, Integrating spiritual care into clinical practice and Impact of spiritual care. The findings show how holding a holistic view impacted the delivery of spiritual care. Conclusion It is difficult to use specific strategies to meet spiritual needs since needs areindividual. Meeting spiritual needs must always be done with respect for the patients’ waysof expressing their spirituality. Being available and listening are important elements ofmeeting patients’ spiritual needs. Spiritual care is recognised as an inseparable part ofholistic care and the involvement of spiritual care is essential for patients healing.

Applied Behavior Analysis has experienced an increase need for practitioners at all certification levels. Most recently, a demand for the paraprofessional-level certification, the Registered Behavior Technician™ (RBT®), is being driven by state licensure and health insurance reform. This has subsequently led to pressure to quickly train paraprofessionals to work with at-need clients. While this growth is favorable for the field it means that agencies are often at odds with balancing quality and breadth of knowledge, which can negatively impact clients’ lives. Furthermore, outside of basic minimum training standards, the behavior analytic governing bodies do not currently regulate RBT trainings the way they do for higher levels of certification, leaving it up to training supervisors to determine competency. In a series of experiments, some of the concerns with respect to RBT training will be addressed. The first will determine if an online curriculum is feasible for training RBT candidates to a level of proficiency for conceptual and practical knowledge. The second thread of research will examine if Acceptance and Commitment Training can lead to gains in RBT performance. Implications for the findings as well as future directions are discussed.