yes / This article explores how the concept of agency in social theory changes when it is conceptualised as a relational rather than an individual phenomenon. I begin with a critique of the structure/agency debate, particularly of how this emerges in the critical realist approach to agency typified by Margaret Archer. It is argued that this approach, and the critical realist version of relational sociology that has grown from it, reifies social relations as a third entity to which agents have a cognitive, reflexive relation, playing down the importance of interaction. This upholds the Western moral and political view of agents as autonomous, independent, and reflexive individuals. Instead of this I consider agency from a different theoretical tradition in relational sociology in which agents are always located in manifold social relations. From this I create an understanding of agents as interactants, ones who are interdependent, vulnerable, intermittently reflexive, possessors of capacities that can only be practiced in joint actions, and capable of sensitive responses to others and to the situations of interaction. Instead of agency resting on the reflexive monitoring of action or the reflexive deliberation on structurally defined choices, agency emerges from our emotional relatedness to others as social relations unfold across time and space.

The primary task of this thesis is to explain what the relationship between social practice and the socially emergent self is, and to concurrently explain why this relationship is of significance to an accurate theory of social practice itself. A subsequent aim of this is to explain how the socially emergent self can be used to account for individual engagement in moral practices. Building on George Herbert Mead, it is argued that the social process through which the self emerges moulds the individual’s capacity to engage with social practice. It is argued that combining Mead’s theory of the socially emergent self with relational sociology provides a theoretical framework that can account for how intersubjective and historically situated social practices are taken on by the individual, to the extent that she can engage in such practices both reflectively and pre-reflectively. What is more, this theoretical synthesis is able to account for how social practices are engaged with in an incredibly routine and ‘ordinary’ manner, while also accounting for individual variation in this engagement. This theory is then applied to moral practices. It is contended that individual engagement in moral practice is not altogether different from engagement in social practice generally, and thus the theory offered here also accounts for how individuals are able to engage in moral practice in both a routine and an individualised manner.

No description available.

Relationships between humans and the environment are messy and complex. This thesis makes sense of this complexity by using relational approaches to bridge social-ecological systems research with insights from the more-than-human social sciences and humanities. I focus on the case of environmental governance and conservation research in two of Ontario's National Historic Waterways: the Rideau Canal and the Trent-Severn Waterway. I analyze knowledge maps of factors that influence the environment of the waterways and the perception of relationships between humans and non-humans in the context of research. Through social-ecological network analysis, it was revealed different that groups conceptualize the Rideau Canal differently, but that all groups overemphasized social factors when identifying components that influence the environment. Knowledge maps, representing participants' mental models of the Rideau Canal, are used to generate narratives to inform policy and engagement strategies. Social-ecological network analysis was also used to make visible the different types of relationships between humans and non-humans in the context of conservation research. This unveiled a paradox of conservation. Attempts to produce evidence to conserve non-human populations and habitats are anchored in tense encounters, and sometimes procedures that are harmful for the individuals targeted by the research. I mobilize relational approaches and concepts from the social sciences to propose practical and theoretical insights and pathways for conservation research to become more-than-human. Such work necessitates the explicit recognition of the contributions of non-humans in research processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:26:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1135408 bytes, checksum: b2754e1382122fef8c3aa553db26c1a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research seeks to build theoretical reflection on the meaning and importance of the concepts of "individual" and "person" in the relational sociology of Roberto DaMatta. The fundamental question that guides the study says that these concepts are fundamental and recurring, not only for the explanatory model of the sociology of Roberto DaMatta, but also for the Brazilian social thought, forming with other concepts (paternalism, personalism, tradition and modernity) a basic system for the interpretation of Brazilian society. In this sense, we seek to outline the meanings of concepts in the relational sociology of Roberto DaMatta as key categories in the process of explanation and understanding of Brazilian society, analyzing the logic and semantics of the concepts and the difference with other sociological interpretations. In this process of reflection was necessary to analyze critical about the work of DaMatta, especially those made by Jessé Souza. / A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, pretendemos construir reflexão teórica sobre os significados e importância dos conceitos de indivíduo e pessoa no arcabouço da sociologia relacional de Roberto DaMatta. A questão de fundo que norteia o estudo diz que os conceitos em análise são cruciais e recorrentes, não só para o modelo explicativo damatiano, mas para o pensamento sociológico brasileiro como um todo, formando com outros conceitos (patrimonialismo, personalismo, tradição e modernidade) um sistema basilar para a interpretação do Brasil. Neste sentido, pretende-se delinear os significados e as articulações que os conceitos assumem na sociologia relacional de Roberto DaMatta como categorias fundamentais no processo de explicação e compreensão da sociedade brasileira, procurando colocar em evidência o parentesco lógico e semântico, além dos afastamentos, com outras interpretações do pensamento social geral e brasileiro. Neste processo de reflexão, faz-se necessário apontar algumas fragilidades do esquema damatiano, expostas por seus críticos, dentre eles, Jessé Souza.

Over the last several decades there has been a debate among social scientists on whether the United States has become, or is in the process of being, politically polarized. These conversations started with discussion of the “culture wars,” moved to the discussion of selective exposure and media outrage, and currently involve concerns about online radicalization and the spread of online misinformation. Throughout these themes one characteristic has remained constant: a lack of systematic evidence despite anecdotes and feelings of animosity between the two parties. Today researchers are beginning to shift from operationalizing political polarization as growing divides in attitudes towards policy issues towards a focus on political animosity. Scholars attempting to understand the origins of affective polarization have looked at the effect of political identity, out-group perceptions, and the diffusion of moral and emotional content in social media networks. In the current study I build on this literature using a panel of longitudinal data Twitter users to examine whether there is an association between following prominent partisan Twitter accounts and the expression of emotional valence through Tweeting or Retweeting. I take a relational approach to analysis by examining how this relationship varies between networks of Twitter users and under different historical circumstances. I argue that this relational approach is necessary for understanding how political polarization is unfolding in the country and that the lack of a relational approach may explain why political polarization has been downplayed in systematic studies. This study finds that the amount of political polarization on Twitter is dependent both on cultural and historical context. It makes contributions to the literature on political polarization in the United States, research methodology, and has implications for reducing radicalization in online spaces.

Submitted by LIVIA BOCALON PIRES DE MORAES null (libocalon@hotmail.com) on 2016-05-02T19:14:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - FINAL.pdf: 1980220 bytes, checksum: 79dbb34dfbf90e9d191a68240f7eb5e2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-04T18:48:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_lbp_me_arafcl.pdf: 1980220 bytes, checksum: 79dbb34dfbf90e9d191a68240f7eb5e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-04T18:48:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_lbp_me_arafcl.pdf: 1980220 bytes, checksum: 79dbb34dfbf90e9d191a68240f7eb5e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A pesquisa parte do estudo das ciências sociais, embasando-se na teoria sociológica de Pierre Bourdieu para construí-las teórica e metodologicamente como espaço social acadêmico vinculado ao campo acadêmico, isto é, como lócus de atuação profissional de um conjunto de agentes dotados de concepções, objetivos e interesses comuns, simultaneamente diferenciados dos participantes de outras ciências, e distintos entre si. Seu objetivo é compreender de que maneiras o caráter específico da luta por autoridade científica no espaço social acadêmico das ciências sociais, com suas regras de funcionamento explícitas e incorporadas, configura o caráter das disputas concernentes ao processo recente de institucionalização da obrigatoriedade do ensino de sociologia no Ensino Médio (1997-2008), em especial quanto às relações e representações de Amaury Moraes, Elisabeth Guimarães, Heloísa Martins, Ileizi Silva, Lejeune de Carvalho, Nelson Tomazi e Sueli Mendonça, cientistas sociais pioneiros na defesa desta institucionalização. Para realizar este intuito, construo um histórico da constituição do espaço social acadêmico no Brasil, adotando como recorte temporal o ano de 1964, e a posterior implantação, pelos governos militares, de uma política educacional voltada à institucionalização da pós-graduação e à centralidade das agências de fomento no setor de Ciência e Tecnologia do país, refletindo acerca do impacto destas para a área das ciências sociais e seus integrantes, e da gradual valorização de determinadas formas de fazer científico, e de fazer-se cientista neste espaço social, por elas acarretadas. Em seguida, com base na análise da organização do currículo Lattes, e em dados obtidos nas plataformas virtuais da Capes e do CNPq, esboço a estrutura deste espaço social, indicando os principais instrumentos e estratégias para aquisição de capital científico, e identificando os agentes e instituições dominantes, bem como as posições ocupadas pelos agentes e instituições vinculados ao ensino de sociologia. Realizo um estudo das trajetórias acadêmicas dos sujeitos da pesquisa, analisando o capital simbólico detido por eles no espaço social e sua relação com a defesa do ensino de sociologia, e elaboro, a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas feitas com cada um deles, uma espécie de histórico do processo de institucionalização do qual participaram, enfatizando seu envolvimento e a rede de relações pessoais e institucionais que gradativamente se constituiu, bem como suas concepções acerca de suas ações e das relações atinentes a elas. Analiso as resistências ao ensino de sociologia e as disputas internas ao grupo dedicado à sua implantação e estudo, compreendendo as representações dominantes relativas a este ensino e ao significado de ser cientista social no interior do espaço social acadêmico das ciências sociais. / The research studies social sciences, based on Pierre Bourdieu´s sociological theory, in order to construct them theoretically and methodologically as academical social space bounded to the academical field, that is, as professional acting locus of a group of agents with common conceptions, objectives and interests, simultaneously differentiated from participants from other sciences, and distinct from each other. Its goal is to understand the ways in which the specific character of the contest for scientific authority in the academical social space of social sciences, with its explicit and embedded operating rules, configures the character of disputes concerning the recent process of institutionalization of sociology compulsory education in high school (1997-2008), particularly with regard to relations and representations of Amaury Moraes, Elisabeth Guimarães, Heloísa Martins, Ileizi Silva, Lejeune de Carvalho, Nelson Tomazi e Sueli Mendonça, social scientists pioneers in defense of this institutionalization. To accomplish this intent, I build a history of the constitution of academical social space in Brazil, adopting as a time frame the year of 1964, and the subsequent deployment, by military governments, of an educational policy focused on the institutionalization of postgraduate and on the centrality of funding agencies to the country's science and technology sector, reflecting about the impact of these to the area of social sciences and its members, and to the gradual appreciation of certain forms of scientific work and of how to make yourself a scientist in this social space, entailed by those practices. After, based on the analysis of curriculum Lattes organization, and of data obtained on virtual platforms of Capes and CNPq, I outline the structure of this social space, indicating the main instruments and strategies for the acquisition of scientific capital, and identifying the dominant agents and institutions, as well as the positions occupied by the agents and institutions involved with the teaching of sociology. I realize a study of academical trajectories of the studied subjects, analyzing the symbolic capital held by them in the social space and its relation with the defense of the teaching sociology, and elaborate, based on semi-structured interviews with each of them, a sort of historical of the process of institutionalization in which they participated, emphasizing their involvement and the network of personal and institutional relationships that gradually constituted, as well as their conceptions about their actions and relationships regards to them. I analyze the resistance to teaching sociology and internal disputes to the group dedicated to its study and implementation, understanding the dominant representations concerning this teaching and the meanings of being a social scientist in the academical social space of the social sciences.

Submitted by Bruna Rodrigues (bruna92rodrigues@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-04T14:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSEAC.pdf: 3684768 bytes, checksum: a136420f3341c6db3a9b1a868c33424a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:23:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSEAC.pdf: 3684768 bytes, checksum: a136420f3341c6db3a9b1a868c33424a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:23:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSEAC.pdf: 3684768 bytes, checksum: a136420f3341c6db3a9b1a868c33424a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T14:24:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSEAC.pdf: 3684768 bytes, checksum: a136420f3341c6db3a9b1a868c33424a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The purpose of this thesis was to analyze the emergence of industrial practices of PET recycling in Brazil. A predominantly qualitative research based on the principles of reflexive sociology proposed by Pierre Bourdieu was developed. Theoretical tools proposed by this author were combined with the ones of the Strategic Action Fields approach and with insights of the pragmatic sociology of critique. Primary and secondary data were collected, analyzed and articulated in the historical narrative presented here. We argue that the configuration of this market was conditioned by moral aspects associated with the emergence of the environmentalism and also by structural aspects of Brazilian society. The joint operation of these macro structures explained the rise of the "Brazilian model of recycling", based on a compromise between economic and environmental objectives, usually embraced by recycling, and the pursuit of "social inclusion" of recyclable material collectors, who traditionally accept working in the informal waste collection and constitute the foundations of recycling chains in the country. The dynamics of soft drinks and municipal solid waste management sectors was also influenced decisively the emergence and expansion of PET recycling practices. These practices appeared mainly in the textile, in the paint and resins and PET industries as part of the strategies of the companies to reduce costs. We found that companies tend to use more intensely moral justifications associated with recycling in periods of instability. Additionally to the practical understanding about this recycling market, this study helped to build connections between influential contemporary sociological approaches of organizational studies and economic sociology and offered novel ways to use their theoretical tools in empirical research. We highlight the contribution to understanding the connections between social and moral structures and to make sense of the dynamics relationships of multiple fields / O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a emergência das práticas industriais de reciclagem de PET no Brasil. Realizamos uma pesquisa predominantemente qualitativa com base nos princípios da sociologia reflexiva propostos por Pierre Bourdieu. Combinando as ferramentas teóricas relacionais propostas por esse autor, com as das abordagens dos Campos da Ação Estratégica e da sociologia pragmática da crítica, dados primários e secundários foram levantados, analisados e articulados na narrativa histórica aqui apresentada. Argumentamos que a construção desse mercado é condicionada tanto por aspectos morais associados ao surgimento do que é conhecido como ambientalismo quanto por aspectos estruturais da sociedade brasileira que influenciam decisivamente sua configuração. A operação conjunta desses mecanismos é que possibilita explicar a ascensão do chamado “modelo brasileiro de reciclagem”, baseado em um compromisso entre objetivos econômicos e ambientais, que, em geral, estão abarcados na reciclagem, e a busca pela “inclusão social” dos catadores de materiais recicláveis, tradicionalmente “dispostos” a trabalhar com a coleta informal dos resíduos e que formam a base das cadeias de reciclagem no país. As dinâmicas da indústria de refrigerantes e do setor de gestão de resíduos sólidos municipais também influenciaram decisivamente o surgimento e expansão das práticas de reciclagem, que passaram a ocorrer, sobretudo, nas indústrias têxtil, de tintas e resinas e do PET como parte das estratégias das empresas para reduzir custos. Verificamos que essas empresas tendem a se utilizar mais intensamente das justificativas morais associadas à reciclagem em períodos de instabilidade dos seus referidos campos. Além da compreensão prática dos mercados de reciclagem, o estudo revelou conexões entre as estruturas sociais e as estruturas ideais e possibilitou a compreensão da dinâmica da relação entre campos.

Submitted by Fábio Grigoletto (baboletto@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T22:19:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - GRIGOLETTO - atual.pdf: 2119347 bytes, checksum: bf1da810aa7043520a5dba5f247e0069 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2018-04-18T22:29:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - GRIGOLETTO - atual.pdf: 2119347 bytes, checksum: bf1da810aa7043520a5dba5f247e0069 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-19T13:09:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - GRIGOLETTO - atual.pdf: 2119347 bytes, checksum: bf1da810aa7043520a5dba5f247e0069 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T13:09:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - GRIGOLETTO - atual.pdf: 2119347 bytes, checksum: bf1da810aa7043520a5dba5f247e0069 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / No período recente, um amplo processo de criação de cooperativas em bairros rurais e assentamentos rurais de reforma agrária tem sido observado no Brasil. Diferentes estudos tem interpretado essa emergência como resultado de incentivos ao cooperativismo inscritos em políticas públicas de compra institucional de alimentos, como o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Ainda que estas pesquisas divirjam quanto à validade dessa forma organizacional como meio para a organização produtiva de agricultores familiares e assentados rurais, pouca atenção tem se dado às práticas empregadas por estes para manter essas organizações operando. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender como se dá a manutenção de organizações de agricultores familiares em espaços impactados por ações de reordenamento fundiário. Para tanto, adota uma visão processual da organização, dando ênfase à sua emergência através de interações sociais situadas no tempo e no espaço. À essa visão, fundamentada na abordagem do organizar, procura integrar pressupostos da teoria institucional em organizações. Tomando o Guapiruvu, um bairro de Sete Barras, município do Vale do Ribeira, como espaço de análise, adota o lugar como nível de análise. Entendendo que a ação e a construção de sentidos não se dá em um vazio, mas sim como um processo relacional contínuo e historicamente situado que é delimitado por sistemas locais e extra-locais de sentidos, conclui que a manutenção se dá através de práticas de mediação institucional baseada na delimitação das fronteiras do organizar e, complementarmente, da institucionalização de contradições como forma de acomodação de inconsistências e tensões entre arranjos institucionais que se sobrepõe no lugar sem, no entanto, serem convergentes. Para tanto, propõe um modelo analítico adequado à realização de análises diacrônicas, o que permitiu identificar o relevante papel da história na formação de crenças e emoções e na ressignificação de instituições como a família e a religião, compondo, desse modo, sua substância. / In recent years, a large process of establishing cooperatives in rural agrarian reform settlements has been observed in Brazil. Different researchers have interpreted this emergency as a result of incentives to cooperativism enrolled in public food procurement schemes like Food Procurement Program (PAA) and School Feeding National Program (PNAE). Although research on the subject diverges on the validity of this organizational form as a tool for organizing settlements, little attention has been given to the different practices used by the members of these cooperatives to keep them operating. The objective of this research is to understand how the maintenance of organizations of family farmers in spaces impacted by land reform takes place. To do so, it adopts a procedural vision of the organization, emphasizing its emergence through social interactions situated in time and space. This view, based on the approach of organizing, seeks to integrate some assumptions of organizational institutionalism. The study was conducted at a neighborhood called Guapiruvu, located at Sete Barras, a municipality of Ribeira Valley. The place was adopted as the level of analysis. Understanding that action and the construction of meanings do not take place in a vacuum, but rather as a continuous and historically situated process that is delimited by local and extra-local meaning systems, this research concludes that maintenance takes place through practices of institutional mediation based on the delimitation of the boundaries of organizing and, in addition, the institutionalization of contradictions as a form of accommodation of inconsistencies and tensions between institutional arrangements that overlap in place without, however, being convergent. In order to do so, it proposes an analytical model appropriate to an institutional approach of the organizing that allows performing diachronic analyzes. By doing this, it allowed to identify the relevant role of history in the formation of beliefs and emotions that permitted the re-signification of institutions such as family and religion, thus composing its substance.

This dissertation focuses on the current Czech space of legitimation practices in education as a variable sphere of justification and critique of educational goals rooted in global transformations of educational institutions, autonomies of the nation states and transnational comparative data. Since the debate on educational reform (2004), the Czech legitimation educational ecology has been diversified by different types of knowledge and actors (state, non- profit, private sector). In this work, I argue that legitimation as a critical action is today, in various ways and processes (knowledge regimes, patterns of actorship) derived from traditional jurisdictions (state and professional structures) and moves to more flexible structures, which I call topologies. In jurisdictions, mostly passive audiences remain. New legitimation topologies connect values and data and, in many ways, replace dysfunctional state structures, using specific disconnections, but also question the public nature of negotiating educational goals. Based on relational ontology and sociological topological studies and through a qualitative relational analysis of legitimation practices in three fields (published normative documents, public debates and semi-structured interviews with state and non-state actors) I show in the period...