Modern religious architecture is studied and understood inadequately, partly because modernity has been considered antithetical to religious practice and belief, and partly because studies of modern religious architecture have typically sidelined its distinctively religious aspects. Furthermore, would-be interpreters have lacked an adequate interpretive framework for the modern and religious identities that together characterize modern religious architecture. Thus, the problem is rooted both in history and theory: the solution requires 1) an interdisciplinary approach to the historical context of modernity that can properly situate such buildings in architectural and religious terms, and 2) a hermeneutic that is sufficiently rich to address the religious content, yet fluid and modest enough to be fruitful even from outside such theology-laden contexts. As identity is largely a matter of mainstream practice, the historical setting for this research is a significant but non-experimental context: post-WWII Rome. This period is marked by both a multifaceted identity crisis with distinctive political, architectural and theological aspects, and the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) that marked a shift in Catholicism’s attitude towards modernity. The chief interpretive concept offering sufficient richness and fluidity to address modern religious architecture is mediation, relevant to both religious identity (especially on beauty and sacrament) and the identity of modern architecture (especially on ornament). The main interlocutors here are Hans Urs von Balthasar (1905-88), Karsten Harries (1937-), Oleg Grabar (1929-), and Jacques Maritain (1882-1973). The hermeneutic framework is forged and tested through formal and phenomenological analyses of four post-WWII Catholic churches in Rome that are exemplary of four modes of mediation: 1) San Giovanni Bosco (1952-59), by Gaetano Rapisardi: critique; 2) San Gregorio VII (1959-61), by Paniconi and Pediconi: updating; 3) San Policarpo (1960-67), by Giuseppe Nicolosi: retrieval; 4) Sancta Maria Mater Ecclesiae (1965-70), Luigi Moretti’s unbuilt “Chiesa del Concilio”: invention. These analyses also reveal four distinct forms of ornament — material, tectonic, geometric, and spatial — that are discernible largely through a reconsideration of ornament as defined primarily through its mediating function. The conclusion evaluates the fecundity of the hermeneutic and suggests possibilities for further research. / text

Este trabalho analisa pinturas murais religiosas sobre temáticas relacionadas à morte e ao além, encontradas em igrejas católicas da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Pinturas realizadas ao longo do século XX e selecionadas com base em amostragem reunida em arquivos fotográficos representativos de 192 municípios. A partir de uma abordagem iconológica, busca entender: como os modelos iconográficos europeus foram retomados pelo muralismo religioso regional. Para tanto, identifica a origem dos principais temas escatológicos representados, bem como algumas das fontes visuais utilizadas, compostas, sobretudo, por gravuras que reproduzem temas religiosos de obras dos séculos XV ao início do século XX. Entre as formas evitadas pelo muralismo rio-grandense destacam-se: alusões à nudez, poses com pouco dinamismo, e gestos considerados constrangedores para os padrões morais da região. Nas formas incluídas, destacam-se as poses com expressão gestual mais acentuada, vestes moralizantes e detalhes zoomórficos na figuração de demônios. Enquanto que o conjunto das formas preservadas aponta para um predomínio dos gestos representativos de emoções intensas. Com base nos estudos de Aby Warburg sobre a influência da empatia no resgate de configurações emotivas, e a partir do resultado das análises formais, foi estruturada a proposição principal desta pesquisa. Proposição que procura evidenciar uma relação entre a eficiência empática dos antigos gestos de ações passionais e a conseqüente preservação desses no muralismo religioso escatológico regional. / This work analyzes paintings murais on themes related to the death and to the beyond found at Catholic churches of the central area of Rio Grande do Sul. These paintings accomplished along the century XX there were selected from the sampling gathered in representative photographic files of 192 municipal districts. Starting from an iconological approach it looks for to understand: How the European iconographic models were retaken by the regional religious mural painting . For so much, it identifies the origin of the main eschatological themes represented and some of the visual sources used, which were composed, above all, for engravings that reproduce religious themes from works of art originated between the century XV and the beginning of the century XX. Among the forms avoided by the mural paintings of Rio Grande do Sul stand out: allusions to the nakedness, pose with little dynamism, and gestures considered constraining for the moral patterns of the region. In the included forms, there are poses with gesture expression more accentuated, zoomorphic details in the demons' figuration, and moralized garments, while the group of preserved forms appears for a prevalence of the representative gestures of intense emotions. With base in Aby Warburg's studies ou the influence of the empathy in the rescue emotional configurations, and starting from the result of the formal analyses, the main proposition of this research was structured . Proposition that tries to evidence a relationship: that links the emphatic efficiency of the old gestures of passionate actions and the consequent preservation of those in the regional religious mural paintings.

Este trabalho analisa a importância de algumas esculturas sacras, pertencentes ao Museu de Arte Sacra de Pernambuco MASPE, bem como algumas peças de Igrejas do sítio histórico de Olinda, como objetos que resguardam em seus símbolos elementos de relevância para a compreensão histórica da formação religiosa e cultural brasileira. Para tanto, remontamos a formação do catolicismo brasileiro que compõe parte da cultura nacional, através da investigação histórica. Para contextualizarmos o componente histórico recorremos a autores que refletem, sobre a formação do catolicismo e, consequentemente, da Igreja no Brasil, pois para compreendermos as esculturas tivemos que primeiro entender o processo histórico onde as mesmas foram construídas. Após a reconstrução histórica, buscamos analisar os elementos, culturais simbólicos, que sintetizaram os extratos socioculturais e devocionais resplandecente nas peças, tentando, assim, demonstrar a importância desse patrimônio histórico, que compõem parte da identidade cultural brasileira. / This paper analyzes the importance of some sacred sculptures, belonging to the Sacred Art Museum of Pernambuco - MASPE as well as some parts of Olinda's historical site Churches, as objects that shelter in their relevant elements symbols for the historical understanding of religious formation and Brazilian culture. Therefore, we reassemble the formation of Brazilian Catholicism that makes up part of the national culture through historical research. To contextualize the historical component resort to authors who reflect on the formation of Catholicism and, consequently, the Church in Brazil, because to understand the sculptures had to first understand the historical process where they were built. After the historical reconstruction, we analyze the elements, cultural - symbolic, which summarized the socio-cultural and devotional extracts resplendent in pieces, trying to thus demonstrate the importance of this heritage, which make up part of Brazilian cultural identity.

Este trabalho analisa pinturas murais religiosas sobre temáticas relacionadas à morte e ao além, encontradas em igrejas católicas da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Pinturas realizadas ao longo do século XX e selecionadas com base em amostragem reunida em arquivos fotográficos representativos de 192 municípios. A partir de uma abordagem iconológica, busca entender: como os modelos iconográficos europeus foram retomados pelo muralismo religioso regional. Para tanto, identifica a origem dos principais temas escatológicos representados, bem como algumas das fontes visuais utilizadas, compostas, sobretudo, por gravuras que reproduzem temas religiosos de obras dos séculos XV ao início do século XX. Entre as formas evitadas pelo muralismo rio-grandense destacam-se: alusões à nudez, poses com pouco dinamismo, e gestos considerados constrangedores para os padrões morais da região. Nas formas incluídas, destacam-se as poses com expressão gestual mais acentuada, vestes moralizantes e detalhes zoomórficos na figuração de demônios. Enquanto que o conjunto das formas preservadas aponta para um predomínio dos gestos representativos de emoções intensas. Com base nos estudos de Aby Warburg sobre a influência da empatia no resgate de configurações emotivas, e a partir do resultado das análises formais, foi estruturada a proposição principal desta pesquisa. Proposição que procura evidenciar uma relação entre a eficiência empática dos antigos gestos de ações passionais e a conseqüente preservação desses no muralismo religioso escatológico regional. / This work analyzes paintings murais on themes related to the death and to the beyond found at Catholic churches of the central area of Rio Grande do Sul. These paintings accomplished along the century XX there were selected from the sampling gathered in representative photographic files of 192 municipal districts. Starting from an iconological approach it looks for to understand: How the European iconographic models were retaken by the regional religious mural painting . For so much, it identifies the origin of the main eschatological themes represented and some of the visual sources used, which were composed, above all, for engravings that reproduce religious themes from works of art originated between the century XV and the beginning of the century XX. Among the forms avoided by the mural paintings of Rio Grande do Sul stand out: allusions to the nakedness, pose with little dynamism, and gestures considered constraining for the moral patterns of the region. In the included forms, there are poses with gesture expression more accentuated, zoomorphic details in the demons' figuration, and moralized garments, while the group of preserved forms appears for a prevalence of the representative gestures of intense emotions. With base in Aby Warburg's studies ou the influence of the empathy in the rescue emotional configurations, and starting from the result of the formal analyses, the main proposition of this research was structured . Proposition that tries to evidence a relationship: that links the emphatic efficiency of the old gestures of passionate actions and the consequent preservation of those in the regional religious mural paintings.

Submitted by DANIELLE MANOEL DOS SANTOS PEREIRA null (30278641814) on 2017-05-19T14:55:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE (Final).pdf: 35554767 bytes, checksum: aed74bf8ff15e822c2ad95b7784ed554 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-19T14:59:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_dms_dr_ia.pdf: 35554767 bytes, checksum: aed74bf8ff15e822c2ad95b7784ed554 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T14:59:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_dms_dr_ia.pdf: 35554767 bytes, checksum: aed74bf8ff15e822c2ad95b7784ed554 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo buscar, nas fontes primárias, as autorias das pinturas ilusionistas de algumas igrejas coloniais do Estado de São Paulo. Foram selecionadas as igrejas das cidades de São Paulo - igreja da Venerável Ordem Terceira de São Francisco da Penitência da cidade de São Paulo (pintura no forro da capela-mor, medalhão da nave e zimbório) e a igreja da Venerável Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (pintura no painel do forro da sacristia, biblioteca, nave, coro e capela-mor); na cidade de Itu - igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora da Candelária (pintura no forro da capela-mor) e a igreja de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (pintura no forro da capela-mor, nave e o forro em caixotão da “capela velha”); na cidade de Mogi das Cruzes - igreja de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (pintura no forro da capela-mor) e a igreja da Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (pinturas no forro da capela-mor, nave e vestíbulo). Com base em tal documentação é possível discutir e rever as atribuições estabelecidas por Frei Adalberto Ortmann (1951) e Mário de Andrade (1963), legitimando ou refutando-as. Inventariar e/ou catalogar os pintores atuantes entre as cidades de São Paulo, Itu e Mogi das Cruzes do período colonial e os pintores que interferiram nas obras primitivas a partir de 1850. Realizar um inventário dos forros pintados no Estado de São Paulo (períodos barroco e rococó), estabelecendo fases para a pintura paulista colonial dentro de seu conjunto e contexto, apresentando as obras e as qualidades de cada grupo tipológico, consagrando-as dentro do território brasileiro num conjunto único de obras de alta qualidade que escapam à tradicional linha evolutiva. / This resarch aims to search into the primary sources the ilusionist paintings’ authorship of some colonial churches of São Paulo State. In São Paulo city - Venerável Ordem Terceira de São Francisco da Penitência da cidade de São Paulo church (paintings on the ceiling of the presbytery, nave medallion and the dome) and Venerável Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo church (paintings on the panel of the ceiling of the sacristy, library, nave, choir and presbytery); in Itu city - Nossa Senhora da Candelária main church (painting on the ceiling of the presbytery) and the Nossa Senhora do Carmo church (paintings on the ceiling of the presbytery, nave, and the panels ceiling of the “old chapel”); in Mogi das Cruzes city - Nossa Senhora do Carmo church (painting on the ceiling of the presbytery) and Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo church (paintings on the ceiling of the presbytery, nave and vestibule of the sacristy). Based on these documents, it is possible to discuss an to review the atributions established by Frei Adalberto Ortmann (1951) and Mário de Andrade (1963), legitimating or refuting them. To catalogue the active painters in São Paulo, Itu and Mogi das Cruzes cities in the colonial period and the painters interfered in the primitive works since 1850. To make a catalogue of the ceilings painted in São Paulo State (baroque and rococo period), establishing phases for the colonial paulista painting inside the whole setting and context, presenting the works and the qualities of each typological group, consecrating them in the brazilian territory in a single group of high quality works which escaped from the traditional evolutive line. / FAPESP: 2013/04082-1

Este trabalho analisa pinturas murais religiosas sobre temáticas relacionadas à morte e ao além, encontradas em igrejas católicas da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Pinturas realizadas ao longo do século XX e selecionadas com base em amostragem reunida em arquivos fotográficos representativos de 192 municípios. A partir de uma abordagem iconológica, busca entender: como os modelos iconográficos europeus foram retomados pelo muralismo religioso regional. Para tanto, identifica a origem dos principais temas escatológicos representados, bem como algumas das fontes visuais utilizadas, compostas, sobretudo, por gravuras que reproduzem temas religiosos de obras dos séculos XV ao início do século XX. Entre as formas evitadas pelo muralismo rio-grandense destacam-se: alusões à nudez, poses com pouco dinamismo, e gestos considerados constrangedores para os padrões morais da região. Nas formas incluídas, destacam-se as poses com expressão gestual mais acentuada, vestes moralizantes e detalhes zoomórficos na figuração de demônios. Enquanto que o conjunto das formas preservadas aponta para um predomínio dos gestos representativos de emoções intensas. Com base nos estudos de Aby Warburg sobre a influência da empatia no resgate de configurações emotivas, e a partir do resultado das análises formais, foi estruturada a proposição principal desta pesquisa. Proposição que procura evidenciar uma relação entre a eficiência empática dos antigos gestos de ações passionais e a conseqüente preservação desses no muralismo religioso escatológico regional. / This work analyzes paintings murais on themes related to the death and to the beyond found at Catholic churches of the central area of Rio Grande do Sul. These paintings accomplished along the century XX there were selected from the sampling gathered in representative photographic files of 192 municipal districts. Starting from an iconological approach it looks for to understand: How the European iconographic models were retaken by the regional religious mural painting . For so much, it identifies the origin of the main eschatological themes represented and some of the visual sources used, which were composed, above all, for engravings that reproduce religious themes from works of art originated between the century XV and the beginning of the century XX. Among the forms avoided by the mural paintings of Rio Grande do Sul stand out: allusions to the nakedness, pose with little dynamism, and gestures considered constraining for the moral patterns of the region. In the included forms, there are poses with gesture expression more accentuated, zoomorphic details in the demons' figuration, and moralized garments, while the group of preserved forms appears for a prevalence of the representative gestures of intense emotions. With base in Aby Warburg's studies ou the influence of the empathy in the rescue emotional configurations, and starting from the result of the formal analyses, the main proposition of this research was structured . Proposition that tries to evidence a relationship: that links the emphatic efficiency of the old gestures of passionate actions and the consequent preservation of those in the regional religious mural paintings.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:12:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 iron_mendes_araujo_junior.pdf: 7621341 bytes, checksum: 9b49acecb23f2849136f53d0eb0fc1dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / This paper analyzes the importance of some sacred sculptures, belonging to the Sacred Art Museum of Pernambuco - MASPE as well as some parts of Olinda's historical site Churches, as objects that shelter in their relevant elements symbols for the historical understanding of religious formation and Brazilian culture. Therefore, we reassemble the formation of Brazilian Catholicism that makes up part of the national culture through historical research. To contextualize the historical component resort to authors who reflect on the formation of Catholicism and, consequently, the Church in Brazil, because to understand the sculptures had to first understand the historical process where they were built. After the historical reconstruction, we analyze the elements, cultural - symbolic, which summarized the socio-cultural and devotional extracts resplendent in pieces, trying to thus demonstrate the importance of this heritage, which make up part of Brazilian cultural identity. / Este trabalho analisa a importância de algumas esculturas sacras, pertencentes ao Museu de Arte Sacra de Pernambuco MASPE, bem como algumas peças de Igrejas do sítio histórico de Olinda, como objetos que resguardam em seus símbolos elementos de relevância para a compreensão histórica da formação religiosa e cultural brasileira. Para tanto, remontamos a formação do catolicismo brasileiro que compõe parte da cultura nacional, através da investigação histórica. Para contextualizarmos o componente histórico recorremos a autores que refletem, sobre a formação do catolicismo e, consequentemente, da Igreja no Brasil, pois para compreendermos as esculturas tivemos que primeiro entender o processo histórico onde as mesmas foram construídas. Após a reconstrução histórica, buscamos analisar os elementos, culturais simbólicos, que sintetizaram os extratos socioculturais e devocionais resplandecente nas peças, tentando, assim, demonstrar a importância desse patrimônio histórico, que compõem parte da identidade cultural brasileira.

The aim of this essay is to examine how the biblical Queen of Sheba has been depicted in a selection of artworks. The main focus is on how her otherness has been visualized, in relation to King Solomon in particular but also to the Western, European, christian and white self-image at large. The material that has been analyzed comprises the following artworks: Solomon and the Queen of Sheba by Nicholas of Verdun (1181), Procession of the Queen of Sheba; Meeting between the Queen of Sheba and King Solomon by Piero della Francesca (ca 1452-1466), The Visit of the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon by Lavinia Fontana (1599) and The Visit of the Queen of Sheba to King Solomon by Edward Poynter (1890). In examining the artworks Erwin Panofsky's three- step analysis model has been applied in combination with a theoretical framework consisting of postcolonial studies and critical white theories.  The results show that the Queen of Sheba has been depicted in a variety of ways. In the artwork by Nicholas of Verdun, the Queen is black, carrying the symbolic notion of sin; in Piero and Fontanas artworks she is depicted as white. In Piero's depiction, only small signals, such as clothes, marks her status as “the other”, in Fontanas case, her signs of otherness seem in contrast completely absent. Poynters artwork contains a spectacular display of exotic elements and the Queen has been given a sensual appearance in line with the image of the erotic Orient. One conclusion that the author reaches is that, as Edward Said has argued, in attempting to represent “the other” the Occident documents itself. This is also similar to how the dichotomy between black and white is constructed and how whiteness in relation to black individuals in these pictures gathers its strength and is, rather than being neutral, imbued with meaning.

No description available.

Pour respecter les droits d’auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de tous les documents visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal. / Le présent mémoire analyse, des points de vue iconographique et formel, la décoration intérieure de l’église Saint-Romuald de Farnham peinte par Ozias Leduc, réalisée entre 1905 et 1912. Cet ensemble, commandé par le curé Joseph-Magloire Laflamme, se situe entre deux étapes importantes de la carrière de Leduc : son décor de l’église de Saint-Hilaire (1896-1900) et ses grands paysages symbolistes (1913-1921). Tout au long de cette commande, un changement graduel s’opère dans la pensée et le style du peintre et s’étudie efficacement en fonction des trois étapes de production : 1905-1907, 1909-1910 et 1911-1912. Cette chronologie se manifeste dans la correspondance concernant la réalisation du programme. À Saint-Romuald, nous constaterons que l’idéologie de l’artiste se développe, de même que le style, que nous aborderons brièvement dans le cadre du présent mémoire. Même si Leduc n’est pas le seul responsable du décor, il se réfère, à plusieurs reprises, à son contexte historique et il unifie l’ensemble de la décoration de sorte que les toiles, l’architecture de l’église, la couleur des murs, les cadres, les motifs décoratifs et les emblèmes forment un tout. L’analyse de chaque tableau du décor permettra d’en identifier le thème, à savoir l’institution de la religion catholique, et le sous-thème, l’instruction. Ce programme iconographique et plusieurs autres liens unissant les œuvres entre elles transmettent des idéaux chers à Leduc, qu’il véhiculera dans ses autres décors religieux par la suite. Par ailleurs, pour entamer une analyse stylistique, il est indispensable de constater l’état de conservation des œuvres. Or, plusieurs d’entre elles furent partiellement ou complètement retouchées en 1952. Malgré ces repeints, nous commencerons à constater que le style de Leduc, influencé par le symbolisme, s’y révèle. Les analyses iconographique et stylistique permettront de situer ce décor dans le corpus de l’artiste. / The present master’s paper analyses, from iconographic and formal points of view, the interior decoration of the church Saint-Romuald of Farnham, painted by Ozias Leduc between 1905 and 1912. This program, ordered by the parish priest Joseph-Magloire Laflamme, allows a transition between two important periods in Leduc’s career: the decoration of the church of Saint-Hilaire (1896-1900) and his great symbolic landscapes (1913-1921). During the fulfilment of this commissioned work, a gradual change occurs in the thought and in the style of the painter which is studied efficaciously in regards to the three periods of his artistic production at Saint-Romuald: 1905-1907, 1909-1910 and 1911-1912. That chronology appears in the correspondence concerning the program’s realization. It is also illustrated by the development, at Saint-Romuald, of the artist’s ideology and of his technique, about which we will briefly discuss in the present master. Even though Leduc is not the sole responsible of the decor, he refers, more than once, to his historical context and he unifies the entire decoration so that the paintings, the architecture of the church, the color of the walls, the frames, the decorative motifs and the symbols create a whole. The study of each work of art, within these parameters, will allow identifying the theme, namely the institution of the Catholic religion, and the sub-theme, the education. This iconographic program as well as several other links existing between those paintings serve as a vehicle for Leduc’s cherished ideals, which he will continue to convey in his subsequent other religious decorations. Moreover, in order to begin to follow the development of the artist’s style, it is essential to notify the paintings’ state of preservation. Several of them were partially or completely painted over in 1952. Despite these repaints, as we will briefly establish, the style of Leduc, influenced by symbolism, is still very present. The iconographic and stylistic analysis will allow to place the decoration in the artist’s complete works.