Notre recherche analyse des discours théologiques qui épousent les traits caractéristiques de l’afro-descendance dans des ouvrages de l’Atabaque et de la Conférence Haïtienne des Religieux et Religieuses (CHR). Ces publications permettent de nommer la réflexion théologique afro-brésilienne et haïtienne comme l’expression d’un engagement au sein d’un Brésil multiculturel et métissé et d’une Haïti noire. Elles se réfèrent à la lutte des Afro-descendants et à leur résistance contre ce qu’ils considèrent comme les conséquences de la période de l’esclavage commencée au XVIe siècle qui oppriment encore des Noirs au XXIe siècle et empêchent leur pleine émancipation. Elles font partie d’une démarche postcolonialiste de changement qui inclut l’inculturation et la reconnaissance des forces des religions de matrices africaines dans leur quête d’une pleine libération des Noirs. Notre démarche, basée sur l’étude comparative des contenus de ces théologies développées au Brésil et en Haïti, met en relief des éléments essentiels de deux courants distincts de production théologique de 1986 à 2004. Cette délimitation correspond à la période de publication du résultat de trois consultations sur les théologies noires au Brésil en 1986, en 1995 et en 2004. Les ouvrages de la CHR datent de 1991 à 1999. Notre étude permet de suivre la pratique de la foi chrétienne qui s’y dégage, l’élaboration et le parcours d’évolution de cette pensée. Teologia Negra et théologie haïtienne représentent deux manières distinctes de faire de la théologie noire. Une comparaison entre les deux contextes n’a jamais été faite jusqu’à présent. Cette recherche a conduit au constat selon lequel trois paradigmes peuvent englober les principaux aspects des courants théologiques afro-brésiliens et haïtiens. Nous relevons des convergences et des divergences des paradigmes de l’inculturation libératrice, du postcolonialisme et du pluralisme religieux. La réflexion théologique afro-brésilienne est vue comme une démarche sociopolitique, ancrée surtout dans la promotion des actions positives qui consistent à favoriser l’insertion des Noirs en situation relativement minoritaire dans une société multiculturelle. En Haïti, où les Noirs sont en situation majoritaire, cette réflexion théologique va dans la direction de la sauvegarde des racines historiques en vue de motiver des changements dans une société de Noirs. Cette optique de la question des Noirs, interprétée sous un nouvel angle, offre de nouvelles pistes de réflexion théologique en même temps qu’elle renforce les revendications culturelles des Afro-Brésiliens et des Afro-Haïtiens dans le but d’élaborer un nouveau discours théologique. Notre thèse contribue à mettre en évidence deux institutions qui se dévouent à la cause des Afro-Brésiliens et des Afro-Haïtiens. L’œuvre de l’Atabaque et de la CHR témoigne du fait que celles-ci ont été susceptibles d’agir collectivement en contribuant à la diversité de la réflexion théologique des Afro-descendants, en soutenant un processus de solidarité entre les victimes permanentes du racisme explicite et implicite. Notre étude suscite l’ouverture vers le développement d’une théologie de la rencontre au sein des théologies noires tout en érigeant le défi de construire un réseau Brésil-Haïti à partir des Afro-descendants. Finalement, la spécificité de ces théologies contribue à inspirer le christianisme latino-américain et des Caraïbes et cette réflexion ne se limite pas seulement à ces deux pays, mais s’étend à d’autres contextes latino-américains ou africains. / Our analysis of the theological discourse relates the characteristic traits of Afro-descendants in the Atabaque and the Conférence Haïtienne des Religieux et Religieuses (CHR) research work. These publications are used to bring to light the Afro-Brazilian and Haitian theological reflection as an expression of their commitment to multicultural and mestizo Brazil as well as black Haiti. They refer to the struggle of Afro-descendants and their resistance against what they consider to be the consequences of the period of slavery. What begun in the 16th century still oppresses Blacks in the 21st century and prevents their full emancipation. They are engaged in a post-colonialist approach to change which includes enculturation, recognition of African religions are an essential strength in their quest for full freedom of Blacks. Our approach, based on the comparative study of the content of these theologies developed in Brazil and in Haiti, highlights two separate currents from 1986 to 2004 in theological databases. This delimitation corresponds to the phase of publication of results of three consultations about black theologies in Brazil in 1986, in 1995 and 2004. The CHR’s works date from 1991 to 1999. Our study aims to trace their practice of the Christian faith, as well as their development and their evolution. Teologia Negra and Haitian theology represent two distinct black theologies. A comparison of the two contexts has never been made. This research led to the fact that three paradigms can encompass the major aspect of Afro-Brazilian and Haitian theological currents. We note the convergences and divergences of paradigms of the liberating enculturation, the post-colonialism and religious plurality. Afro-Brazilian theological reflection is seen as a socio-political approach above all anchored in the promotion of positive action to promote integration of Blacks, relatively a minority in a multicultural society. In Haiti, where Blacks are in majority, this theological reflection goes in the direction of the safeguarding of the historic roots to motivate change in a black society. This approach the issue of Blacks, interpreted in a new light, offer new avenues for theological reflection while strengthening cultural claims of the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro-Haitians to develop a new theological discourse. Our theory helps highlight two institutions committed to the cause of the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro-Haitians. The work of the Atabaque and the CHR testifies that they were likely to act collectively in contributing to the diversity of theological reflection of afro-descendants by supporting a process of solidarity between permanent victims of racism whether explicit or implicit. Our study raises the possibility of developing a meeting of black theology while taking on the challenge of building a network Brazil-Haiti regarding Afro-descendants. Finally, the specificity of these theologies can help inspire Latin American Christianity. This reflection is not limited only to these two countries, but extends to other Latin American or African contexts.

Le Collège Saint-Viateur de Ouagadougou est une école catholique dont la mission est d’évangéliser les jeunes qui le fréquentent tout en leur assurant une éducation chrétienne de qualité. Or, en plus des catholiques, beaucoup de ses élèves sont musulmans, chrétiens protestants et animistes. Alors, on est en présence d’une diversité religieuse au sein de cette communauté éducative. Comme cette situation est acceptée et reconnue, on peut parler de pluralisme religieux. Dans ce contexte, jaillit la question de savoir s’il est toujours pertinent d’évangéliser les jeunes catholiques et membres des autres religions ou s’il faut simplement les éduquer afin qu’ils soient de meilleurs humains dans leur propre religion. Autour cette question se déroule une aventure de recherche en cinq chapitres correspondant aux cinq étapes de la praxéologie pastorale. Le premier chapitre campe le portrait de la communauté éducative du Collège Saint-Viateur dans le contexte pluriel du Burkina Faso et dégage les forces et faiblesses de la manière dont est gérée la diversité religieuse en son sein. Le deuxième pose la problématique de la pertinence de l’évangélisation des jeunes de religions différentes en assurant leur éducation chrétienne. Le troisième expose une herméneutique de l’acte d’évangéliser des jeunes en tenant compte de la perspective théologique positive du pluralisme religieux mise en rapport avec le magistère de l’Église sur l’éducation chrétienne des jeunes. Le quatrième formule quatre propositions pour que l’évangélisation de la jeunesse en ce contexte de pluralité religieuse ait le sens d’une éducation intégrale pour amener les jeunes à devenir de meilleurs humains dans leur propre foi. Le cinquième, enfin, émet les espérances et dégage les effets bénéfiques d’une culture du pluralisme religieux chez les jeunes au Collège Saint-Viateur de Ouagadougou. Cette culture constituerait en même temps une prophylaxie évangélique contre l’intégrisme religieux au sein de la communauté éducative et dans la société burkinabè. / Saint-Viator College at Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso (West Africa) is a Catholic school, the mission of which is to evangelize the youth that attend it, while assuring them a Christian education of quality. Besides the Catholics, many of the students are Muslims, Protestants or Animists. There is therefore a religious diversity among the educational community. Since this situation has been accepted and recognized as such, we may very well speak of religious pluralism. In such a context, one must really wonder if it is always pertinent to want to evangelize the young Catholics as well as the students belonging to the other religions, or must we simply educate them to become better human beings in their own religion. This question leads us to an adventure of five chapters corresponding to the five stages of pastoral praxeology. The first chapter depicts the educational community of Saint-Viator College, in the pluralistic context of Burkina Faso, and demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of the manner by which religious diversity is managed. The second chapter poses the problem of the relevance of the evangelization of youth of different religions, by ensuring their Christian education. The third chapter illustrates a hermeneutic of the act of evangelizing youth, taking into account the positive theological perspective of religious pluralism, in relation to the Church’s magisterium regarding Christian education of youth. The fourth chapter puts forth four proposals so that the evangelization of youth, in this context of religious pluralism, may take on the meaning of an integral education that draws the youth to becoming better human beings in their own faith. Finally, the fifth chapter expresses the hopes and beneficial effects of a culture of religious pluralism among the youth at Saint-Viator College of Ouagadougou. This culture would constitute simultaneously an evangelical prophylaxis against religious fundamentalism/integrism within the educational community and within the society of Burkina Faso.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Boratti Favretto.pdf: 1462966 bytes, checksum: 2774d239d8fde01cc11abc3047907b7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / The Declaration Dignitatis humanae of Second Vatican Council doctrinally introduces the concept of religious freedom founded on the dignity of the human person. Stands out, in the interim, the anthropological foundation, which unfolds the theological and doctrinal, setting up religious freedom as the apogee of all freedoms. The goal of this work is develop the theme process of genesis, establish the conceptual definition and present the discussion about religious freedom. This, through a phenomenological analysis that ends at the historical and theological hermeneutic of the conciliar periods before Preparatory, Preparatory and of the four Sessions of Vatican II and the Magisterium of the documents of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries which treated theme. The text is structured in a systematic way in four chapters. The first constitutes status quaestionis by presenting the context of religious freedom theme of development in magisterial documents prior to Dignitatis humanae, as well as the positioning of the Magisterium ecclesiastic, that of religious intolerance, passes to tolerance and affirmation of the right to freedom religious. The second and third chapters cover the doctrinal content of this Declaration in their immediate environment, the Second Vatican Council. They present the process of genesis of religious conception of freedom expressed in the text of the Declaration Dignitatis humanae, exposing and already analyzing the several thematic stages and redaction until it reaches the final version of the Declaration and the conception of the right to religious freedom. The fourth chapter presents the legal ramifications, theological, anthropological and ethical prospective to Dignitatis humanae. Framework that enables our understanding of the phenomenon of religious plurality in terms of a possible horizon not only to theological reflection, but also to religious studies, to infer from the declaration concerning the situations design of a theology of religions and theology of religious pluralism; whose religious language provides contribution to constitution of the States of democratic rights, which in turn has the function of protecting and promote religious freedom. The theme of religious freedom gives new perspective to the free practice of religion and opens wide dialogic engagement between the Catholic Church, other Christian churches, other religions, people "without religion" and other "good will". / A Declara??o Dignitatis humanae do Conc?lio Vaticano II apresenta doutrinariamente a concep??o de liberdade religiosa fundamentada na dignidade da pessoa humana. Sobressai, neste ?nterim, o fundamento antropol?gico que se desdobra do teol?gico e doutrin?rio, configurando a liberdade religiosa como o apogeu de todas as liberdades. O objetivo desta disserta??o ? desenvolver o processo de g?nese deste tema, estabelecer a defini??o conceitual e apresentar o debate acerca da liberdade religiosa. Isto, mediante uma an?lise fenomenol?gica que desemboca na hermen?utica hist?rica e teol?gica dos per?odos conciliares Antepreparat?rio, Preparat?rio e das quatro Sess?es do Conc?lio Vaticano II, bem como de documentos do Magist?rio eclesi?stico dos s?culos XIX e XX que trataram do tema. O texto se estrutura de maneira sistem?tica em quatro cap?tulos. O primeiro deles se constitui em status quaestionis ao apresentar o contexto do desenvolvimento do tema da liberdade religiosa nos documentos magisteriais que antecedem a Dignitatis humanae, bem como o posicionamento do Magist?rio eclesi?stico, que da intoler?ncia religiosa, passa ? toler?ncia e afirma??o do direito ? liberdade religiosa. O segundo e terceiro cap?tulos abarcam o conte?do doutrinal dessa Declara??o em seu contexto pr?ximo, o do Conc?lio Vaticano II. Apresentam o processo de g?nese da concep??o de liberdade religiosa expressa no texto da Declara??o Dignitatis humanae expondo e, j? analisando, as diversas etapas tem?ticas e redacionais at? que se chegue ? vers?o definitiva da Declara??o e da concep??o de direito ? liberdade religiosa. O quarto cap?tulo apresenta os desdobramentos jur?dico, teol?gico, antropol?gico e ?tico prospectivos ? Dignitatis humanae. ?mbito que possibilita a compreens?o do fen?meno da pluralidade religiosa em termos de um horizonte poss?vel n?o somente ? reflex?o teol?gica, mas tamb?m ?s ci?ncias da religi?o, ao inferir da Declara??o as suscita??es concernentes ? concep??o de uma teologia das religi?es como teologia do pluralismo religioso; cuja linguagem religiosa oferece contributo ? constitui??o do Estado de direito democr?tico, que por sua vez, tem a fun??o de tutelar e promover a liberdade religiosa. O tema da liberdade religiosa proporciona nova perspectiva para a livre pr?tica da religi?o e inaugura amplo empenho dial?gico entre a Igreja Cat?lica, as outras Igrejas crist?s, as outras religi?es, as pessoas sem religi?o e outras de boa vontade .

Le Collège Saint-Viateur de Ouagadougou est une école catholique dont la mission est d’évangéliser les jeunes qui le fréquentent tout en leur assurant une éducation chrétienne de qualité. Or, en plus des catholiques, beaucoup de ses élèves sont musulmans, chrétiens protestants et animistes. Alors, on est en présence d’une diversité religieuse au sein de cette communauté éducative. Comme cette situation est acceptée et reconnue, on peut parler de pluralisme religieux. Dans ce contexte, jaillit la question de savoir s’il est toujours pertinent d’évangéliser les jeunes catholiques et membres des autres religions ou s’il faut simplement les éduquer afin qu’ils soient de meilleurs humains dans leur propre religion. Autour cette question se déroule une aventure de recherche en cinq chapitres correspondant aux cinq étapes de la praxéologie pastorale. Le premier chapitre campe le portrait de la communauté éducative du Collège Saint-Viateur dans le contexte pluriel du Burkina Faso et dégage les forces et faiblesses de la manière dont est gérée la diversité religieuse en son sein. Le deuxième pose la problématique de la pertinence de l’évangélisation des jeunes de religions différentes en assurant leur éducation chrétienne. Le troisième expose une herméneutique de l’acte d’évangéliser des jeunes en tenant compte de la perspective théologique positive du pluralisme religieux mise en rapport avec le magistère de l’Église sur l’éducation chrétienne des jeunes. Le quatrième formule quatre propositions pour que l’évangélisation de la jeunesse en ce contexte de pluralité religieuse ait le sens d’une éducation intégrale pour amener les jeunes à devenir de meilleurs humains dans leur propre foi. Le cinquième, enfin, émet les espérances et dégage les effets bénéfiques d’une culture du pluralisme religieux chez les jeunes au Collège Saint-Viateur de Ouagadougou. Cette culture constituerait en même temps une prophylaxie évangélique contre l’intégrisme religieux au sein de la communauté éducative et dans la société burkinabè. / Saint-Viator College at Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso (West Africa) is a Catholic school, the mission of which is to evangelize the youth that attend it, while assuring them a Christian education of quality. Besides the Catholics, many of the students are Muslims, Protestants or Animists. There is therefore a religious diversity among the educational community. Since this situation has been accepted and recognized as such, we may very well speak of religious pluralism. In such a context, one must really wonder if it is always pertinent to want to evangelize the young Catholics as well as the students belonging to the other religions, or must we simply educate them to become better human beings in their own religion. This question leads us to an adventure of five chapters corresponding to the five stages of pastoral praxeology. The first chapter depicts the educational community of Saint-Viator College, in the pluralistic context of Burkina Faso, and demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of the manner by which religious diversity is managed. The second chapter poses the problem of the relevance of the evangelization of youth of different religions, by ensuring their Christian education. The third chapter illustrates a hermeneutic of the act of evangelizing youth, taking into account the positive theological perspective of religious pluralism, in relation to the Church’s magisterium regarding Christian education of youth. The fourth chapter puts forth four proposals so that the evangelization of youth, in this context of religious pluralism, may take on the meaning of an integral education that draws the youth to becoming better human beings in their own faith. Finally, the fifth chapter expresses the hopes and beneficial effects of a culture of religious pluralism among the youth at Saint-Viator College of Ouagadougou. This culture would constitute simultaneously an evangelical prophylaxis against religious fundamentalism/integrism within the educational community and within the society of Burkina Faso.

Notre recherche analyse des discours théologiques qui épousent les traits caractéristiques de l’afro-descendance dans des ouvrages de l’Atabaque et de la Conférence Haïtienne des Religieux et Religieuses (CHR). Ces publications permettent de nommer la réflexion théologique afro-brésilienne et haïtienne comme l’expression d’un engagement au sein d’un Brésil multiculturel et métissé et d’une Haïti noire. Elles se réfèrent à la lutte des Afro-descendants et à leur résistance contre ce qu’ils considèrent comme les conséquences de la période de l’esclavage commencée au XVIe siècle qui oppriment encore des Noirs au XXIe siècle et empêchent leur pleine émancipation. Elles font partie d’une démarche postcolonialiste de changement qui inclut l’inculturation et la reconnaissance des forces des religions de matrices africaines dans leur quête d’une pleine libération des Noirs. Notre démarche, basée sur l’étude comparative des contenus de ces théologies développées au Brésil et en Haïti, met en relief des éléments essentiels de deux courants distincts de production théologique de 1986 à 2004. Cette délimitation correspond à la période de publication du résultat de trois consultations sur les théologies noires au Brésil en 1986, en 1995 et en 2004. Les ouvrages de la CHR datent de 1991 à 1999. Notre étude permet de suivre la pratique de la foi chrétienne qui s’y dégage, l’élaboration et le parcours d’évolution de cette pensée. Teologia Negra et théologie haïtienne représentent deux manières distinctes de faire de la théologie noire. Une comparaison entre les deux contextes n’a jamais été faite jusqu’à présent. Cette recherche a conduit au constat selon lequel trois paradigmes peuvent englober les principaux aspects des courants théologiques afro-brésiliens et haïtiens. Nous relevons des convergences et des divergences des paradigmes de l’inculturation libératrice, du postcolonialisme et du pluralisme religieux. La réflexion théologique afro-brésilienne est vue comme une démarche sociopolitique, ancrée surtout dans la promotion des actions positives qui consistent à favoriser l’insertion des Noirs en situation relativement minoritaire dans une société multiculturelle. En Haïti, où les Noirs sont en situation majoritaire, cette réflexion théologique va dans la direction de la sauvegarde des racines historiques en vue de motiver des changements dans une société de Noirs. Cette optique de la question des Noirs, interprétée sous un nouvel angle, offre de nouvelles pistes de réflexion théologique en même temps qu’elle renforce les revendications culturelles des Afro-Brésiliens et des Afro-Haïtiens dans le but d’élaborer un nouveau discours théologique. Notre thèse contribue à mettre en évidence deux institutions qui se dévouent à la cause des Afro-Brésiliens et des Afro-Haïtiens. L’œuvre de l’Atabaque et de la CHR témoigne du fait que celles-ci ont été susceptibles d’agir collectivement en contribuant à la diversité de la réflexion théologique des Afro-descendants, en soutenant un processus de solidarité entre les victimes permanentes du racisme explicite et implicite. Notre étude suscite l’ouverture vers le développement d’une théologie de la rencontre au sein des théologies noires tout en érigeant le défi de construire un réseau Brésil-Haïti à partir des Afro-descendants. Finalement, la spécificité de ces théologies contribue à inspirer le christianisme latino-américain et des Caraïbes et cette réflexion ne se limite pas seulement à ces deux pays, mais s’étend à d’autres contextes latino-américains ou africains. / Our analysis of the theological discourse relates the characteristic traits of Afro-descendants in the Atabaque and the Conférence Haïtienne des Religieux et Religieuses (CHR) research work. These publications are used to bring to light the Afro-Brazilian and Haitian theological reflection as an expression of their commitment to multicultural and mestizo Brazil as well as black Haiti. They refer to the struggle of Afro-descendants and their resistance against what they consider to be the consequences of the period of slavery. What begun in the 16th century still oppresses Blacks in the 21st century and prevents their full emancipation. They are engaged in a post-colonialist approach to change which includes enculturation, recognition of African religions are an essential strength in their quest for full freedom of Blacks. Our approach, based on the comparative study of the content of these theologies developed in Brazil and in Haiti, highlights two separate currents from 1986 to 2004 in theological databases. This delimitation corresponds to the phase of publication of results of three consultations about black theologies in Brazil in 1986, in 1995 and 2004. The CHR’s works date from 1991 to 1999. Our study aims to trace their practice of the Christian faith, as well as their development and their evolution. Teologia Negra and Haitian theology represent two distinct black theologies. A comparison of the two contexts has never been made. This research led to the fact that three paradigms can encompass the major aspect of Afro-Brazilian and Haitian theological currents. We note the convergences and divergences of paradigms of the liberating enculturation, the post-colonialism and religious plurality. Afro-Brazilian theological reflection is seen as a socio-political approach above all anchored in the promotion of positive action to promote integration of Blacks, relatively a minority in a multicultural society. In Haiti, where Blacks are in majority, this theological reflection goes in the direction of the safeguarding of the historic roots to motivate change in a black society. This approach the issue of Blacks, interpreted in a new light, offer new avenues for theological reflection while strengthening cultural claims of the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro-Haitians to develop a new theological discourse. Our theory helps highlight two institutions committed to the cause of the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro-Haitians. The work of the Atabaque and the CHR testifies that they were likely to act collectively in contributing to the diversity of theological reflection of afro-descendants by supporting a process of solidarity between permanent victims of racism whether explicit or implicit. Our study raises the possibility of developing a meeting of black theology while taking on the challenge of building a network Brazil-Haiti regarding Afro-descendants. Finally, the specificity of these theologies can help inspire Latin American Christianity. This reflection is not limited only to these two countries, but extends to other Latin American or African contexts.

Despite being similarly concerned with the legitimacy of law under conditions of diversity, political and legal theorists currently seem to differ significantly in the role they would reserve for religious reasons in public decision-making processes. Religious arguments that would generally be considered inappropriate if not inadmissible in a courtroom are increasingly viewed as acceptable and even desirable contributions to debate in the political public sphere. The author argues that the existence of this disconnect can be explained by the special challenges that religion poses for constitutional adjudication which in turn should inform our understanding of the judicial decision-making function. Constraints inherent to constitutional courts that make them effective institutions for concrete dispute resolution significantly limit their ability to engage seriously with the normative challenges posed by religious diversity. We should thus properly understand the role of constitutional adjudication as peripheral in matters of public policy that intersect with questions of religious difference. / Graduate

Die doel van die verhandeling is om pluraliteit binne die Sewendedag-Adventistekerk aan te toon. Die konsep "pluraliteit" word gebruik om verskille en groepvorming aan te toon, terwyl die konsep "pluralisme" verwys na 'n ideologiese standpunt ten opsigte van pluraliteit. Verskille en groepvorming is kenmerkend van die Milleriete of Adventbeweging waaruit die Sewendedag-Adventistekerk ontwikkel het. Die oortuiging dat die Sewendedag-Adventistekerk die "oorblyfselkerk" is, lei daartoe dat Adventiste eksklusief aanspraak maak op die "waarheid". Gevolglik staan die "oorblyfselteologie" voor die uitdaging om verskille en groepvorming sinvol te verdiskonteer. Daar is tans polarisasie rondom verskillende sake. Sewendedag-Adventiste sal dit voordelig vind om dialoog te voer oor die moontlikhede wat 'n prakties-teologiese benadering bied in die hantering van pluraliteit. Teorievorming wat die empiriese werklikhede verdiskonteer sal bydra tot die ontwikkeling van 'n teologie wat kennis neem van die mens se behoeftes binne sy leefwêreld. Die benaderings van Van der Ven en Tracy word bespreek. / The aim of the dissertation is to create awareness regarding plurality within the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The concept "plurality" refers to differences and group forming, while "pluralism" refers to an ideological view regarding plurality. Differences and disputes were very much part of the Millerites or Advent movement out of which the Seventh-day Adventist Church developed. The conviction that the Seventh-day Adventist Church is God's remnant church leads to the exclusive "truth" claim of Adventists. Consequently, the remnant theology is facing the challenge to deal with differences and group forming in a constructive manner. Presently there is polarization within the church on various issues. Seventh-day Adventists will find it beneficial to dialogue about the opportunities that a practical-theological approach offers in dealing with plurality. Theory that accounts for empirical realities will contribute to the development of a theology that will be aware of the needs of people. There is a discussion of the approaches of Van der Ven and Tracy. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

Chapter 1 discusses the research proposal of the study. In this proposal the problem statement was identified and described, for example it is shown how the diverse religious work-force is being managed and ministered to by a traditional chaplain as if it shared a religion similar to that of the chaplain. Further this chapter discusses the research methodology, which clearly indicates the path that would be followed in this research. Chapter 2 looks at the profile of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in general. It has been shown that the SAPS forms a critical component of the criminal justice system. The objectives, mission and vision of the SAPS has been clearly outlined as aspiring to create a crime free society for all the inhabitants of South Africa. The SAPS would only acquire this vision through executing its tasks within the framework of the Human Rights Act. Chapter 3 focusses on the historical development of the chaplaincy in the SAPS since its inception during the year 1952 until the democratic dispensation in 1994. The pioneers behind the formation of the chaplains' corps are discussed. Lastly, the appointment procedure, the functions and the characteristics (qualities) of chaplains are looked at. Chapter 4 considers the various perspectives of culture and cultural particulars as a basic theory of the study. The latter has clearly indicated that people's views and understanding of certain things differ completely. Hence the need for proper cognisance of cultural diversity by the chaplain. Chapter 5 examines the concept of stress in the context of the SAPS. The stress-inducing factors, the impact of stress on SAPS members as well as the role of the chaplain in the management of stress levels is discussed. Chapter 6 explores the theology of death and the bereavement process (stages) to be followed generally. The role of the chaplain in this regard is shown. Chapter 7 is the quantitative investigation, whereby questionnaires elicited the views of both the policemen and women about the Chaplain Service ministry. Chapter 8 discusses the conclusions of chapters: 4, 5, 6 and 7 and synthesises them into one comprehensive idea. The reason behind this is that this study has to provide a model to be developed, which would better enable the chaplain to function across both cultural and religious lines. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D.Litt et Phil.(Religious Studies)

This study explores the problem of a bibliocentric Religious Education curriculum in Zimbabwe amid the quest for a multi-faith curriculum. It traces the history of Religious Education, how it was started and crafted by the so-called missionary propagandists in order to suit their dogmatic interests. Two main aspects of the christianization of the Religious Education curriculum are highlighted, namely cultural alienation and indoctrination. Two post-independence teaching approaches, the life experience approach and the multi-faith approach are discussed in a comprehensive manner as possible solutions to the problem of Religious Education in Zimbabwe. An empirical analysis and evaluation of the views of various stakeholders about post-independence developments in Religious Education is also presented. Finally, relevant findings, conclusions and recommendations critical to successful Religious Education teaching are presented. / Teacher Education / M. Ed. (Didactics)