Esta pesquisa teve início durante o trabalho de conclusão de curso do bacharelado em modelagem do Centro Universitário Senac, onde foi abordado o tema Freak show - o entretenimento do século XIX. Foi pesquisado o panorama de seu surgimento e suas características nos tempos áureos, e geradas a criação e a confecção de três bustos e três looks para personagens do freak show vitoriano, os gêmeos siameses xifópagos isquiópagos, a mulher de três cabeças e quatro pernas e a menina sereia. A pesquisa atual foi iniciada em 2015 no programa de mestrado na Universidade de São Paulo, investigando a contínua existência da instituição até o século XXI e as transformações que a tornaram possível. Este trabalho traz uma pesquisa sobre a indústria do Freak Show, mapeando-a através dos séculos XIX ao XXI. Mostra como se dá a exposição do corpo extraordinário na indústria do entretenimento e em que locais pode ser observado, além de informações sobre como estes corpos são vestidos. Argumentase que existem intenções e benefícios na sociabilização estabelecida através da exibição voluntária do corpo nas diversas formas midiáticas, desenvolvendo formas de comunicação que introduzem suas personas e personalidades enquanto ressaltam ao público os aspectos de sua morfologia extraordinária / This research began during the final project for conclusion of bachelors degree in pattern making at Centro Universitario Senac, which regarded the Freak Show The Entertainment of The 19th Century. It was researched the context of its beginning and its characteristics when the popularity was high, what developed in the creation and making of three dress forms and three garments made for Victorian freak show performers, the Siamese twins, xifopagus isquiopagus, the three headed and four legged woman and the mermaid girl. The present research started in 2015 at University of Sao Paulo masters degree in Textile and Fashion, investigating the ongoing existence of the industry in the 21st century and the changes that made it possible. The present research introduces a research on the Freak Show Industry, mapping it throughout the centuries 19th to 21st. How does the exhibition of the extraordinary body happens inside entertainment industry and which are the places where they can be seen, in addition to informations about how they are dressed. It s argued that there are intentions and benefits in the social interaction established through the voluntary exhibition of the body in multiple media displays, developing manners of communication that introduces their persona and personality, while enhancing aspects of the extraordinary anatomy to the public

In an effort to understand the formation of the artist’s role in society from the perspective of the artists in relation to the founding of the State Art Council (Statens konstråd) during the period 1936-1946, this thesis studies the formation process and central problems of the Swedish Artists’ Association (Konstnärernas riksorganisation, K.R.O.). Using the analytical concept of representation as a base for the methodological framework, the thesis explores material including meeting protocols, letters, transcribed debates and the union members’ journal Medlemsbladet, as well as several Swedish daily newspapers. While the role and importance of K.R.O. in the 1930s and 1940s have been treated parenthetically in most prior historical writing regarding the relationship between artists and the welfare state, this thesis argues that the first decade of K.R.O’s history can shed light on important themes in the historiography. It argues also that several common assumptions about the organization need to be reconsidered, including the notion that K.R.O. was constituted with the primary task of proposing candidates for the State Art Council. The need for an artists’ union had existed prior to the formation of the State Art Council, and K.R.O. should be regarded in light of a longer history of attempts to organise artists on a national level. These prior experiences informed the artists’ considerations about how representation, in the political sense of the concept, should and could be achieved for the organisation’s claims to legitimacy towards the state and the Swedish artists. Likewise, the legitimacy of the state’s initiative hinged on the success of the organization’s claims to representativity.                   By analysing two central problems connected to the state’s and other actors’ involvement in the Swedish cultural life and social reformist claims - wartime taxation of artworks and the system of art exhibitions -  this thesis argues that the commitment and enthusiasm regarding the changed structures within Swedish cultural life, which usually is ascribed to the artists during the period, has been inordinate. Whereas the state’s new involvement and the formation of K.R.O. can be seen as initiating the process of professionalizing the occupation of artist, the experiences of other actors not heeding their claims of expert knowledge during the organization’s first ten years highlighted the need for the artists to advance their social position.

Le silicium est connu pour être un poison sévère des catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement (HDT). L’objectif de la thèse a donc été de mettre en place des outils analytiques pour la spéciation du silicium afin d'identifier toutes les molécules silicées réellement formées dans les charges d'HDT. Différents outils analytiques de pointe basés sur des couplages entre la chromatographie en phase gazeuse et la spectrométrie de masse (MS et ICP/MS) ont été développés. Étant donnée la réactivité de certaines espèces silicées, des échantillons représentatifs de la dégradation du PDMS ont été produits dans des conditions de craquage thermique d'un mélange heptane/xylène. L'application à ces échantillons de la stratégie analytique, développée initialement, a démontré la présence du silicium sous différentes formes chimiques. Plus d’une centaine de molécules réparties en 10 familles comprenant un nombre d’atomes de silicium entre 1 et 1500 a été caractérisée. Ces composés silicés vont donc pouvoir être présents dans toutes les coupes pétrolières, des fractions gaz aux fractions les plus lourdes, couvrant ainsi un domaine de coupes pétrolières beaucoup plus vaste que celui des essences. Les siloxanes cycliques (Dn) ont été confirmés comme produits majoritaires de dégradation du PDMS. Les autres composés silicés, jamais caractérisés pour la plupart, sont présents à l’état de traces mais possèdent des groupements réactifs de type hydroxy, métoxy, hydropéroxy susceptibles d’interagir fortement avec le support du catalyseur (Al2O3) et donc de conduire à sa désactivation. / Silicon is known to be a severe poison for hydrotreatment (HDT) catalysts especially in naphtha and gasoline samples. The objective of the PhD was to develop analytical methods for silicon speciation in order to characterize silicon molecules formed during refining steps which potentially affects HDT catalysts. For the analytical strategy, different high-technology analytical tools based on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS and ICP/MS) were developed. Due to the high reactivities of several silicon species, representative samples of PDMS degradation were produced under thermal cracking of a mixture of heptane/xylene (500°C) using a pilot plant. The previously developed analytical strategy was applied to these samples and demonstrated the occurrence of silicon under a wide array of chemical forms. More than a hundred of silicon species belonging to 10 chemical families with a number of silicon atoms ranging from 1 to 1,500 were characterized. These silicon compounds could be present in all petroleum cuts, from the gas fractions to the heavier fractions. Therefore, the investigated range of boiling points was inevitably more important than for naptha and gasoline cuts. Cyclic siloxanes (Dn) were confirmed as the major PDMS degradation products. The other silicon compounds, almost never characterized before, were recovered at trace levels but consisted of reactive groups such as hydroxy, methoxy and hydroperoxy. These silicon species were able to strongly react with the catalytic support (Al2O3) and led to its deactivation

attitudes amongst the members of different races towards the implementation of affirmative action in the Correctional Services Department of South Africa. A literature study on affirmative action was completed and thereafter a questionnaire was developed. An emperical study was done by questionnaire on the determination of perceptions and attitudes of members of the South African Correctional Services Department towards the application of Affirmative Action policies. serious problems if not correctly managed. It was established that the success in any affirmative action strategy rests on the understanding and acceptance of cultural diversity as manifested in perceptions and attitudes. Management information systems needs to be effective and efficient at all times. Changing perceptions and attitudes increased passion and job satisfaction. Recommendations are made for further research on aspects highlighted by the findings. / Penology / M.A. (Penology)

La présente thèse avait pour but d’analyser les problèmes conjugaux, les mandats et les objectifs thérapeutiques des couples qui consultent en thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. Cette thèse a été rédigée sous la forme de deux articles. Le premier article visait à dresser un portrait des problèmes conjugaux rapportés par les conjoints à l’aide d’une question ouverte. Les problèmes conjugaux de 108 couples débutant une thérapie conjugale ont d’abord été catégorisés. Les résultats ont montré que les problèmes conjugaux les plus fréquemment rapportés étaient liés à la communication, à la distance émotionnelle, à des problèmes spécifiques de la relation et à la sexualité. En comparant les couples selon le mandat thérapeutique, il a été trouvé que les couples en mandat de résolution de l’ambivalence rapportent davantage de problèmes liés à l’engagement/sécurité et à l’infidélité/flirting que les couples en mandat d’amélioration de la relation. Ces résultats ont démontré l’importance de l’utilisation du construit des mandats thérapeutiques et la nécessité d’étudier davantage l’ambivalence des couples. Le deuxième article visait à examiner les propriétés psychométriques de la mesure individualisée Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) dans l’évaluation du changement des couples en thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. L’atteinte des objectifs thérapeutiques de 100 couples ayant complété une thérapie conjugale a été évaluée. Une catégorisation des objectifs thérapeutiques a également été proposée. Les résultats obtenus soutiennent l’efficacité de la thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. Le pronostic du thérapeute quant au déroulement de la thérapie ainsi que le motif de fin de thérapie et la stabilité conjugale ont été identifiés comme étant liés à l’atteinte des objectifs. En comparant les couples selon le mandat thérapeutique, il a été trouvé que les couples en mandat d’amélioration de la relation ont davantage d’objectifs thérapeutiques liés à la communication, à la résolution de problèmes et à l’acceptation des différences que les couples en mandat de résolution de l’ambivalence. Les résultats appuient la validité et l’utilité de la mesure GAS pour la recherche et la pratique clinique. En somme, cette thèse a contribué à l’avancement des connaissances en apportant un appui empirique au construit des mandats thérapeutiques et comporte des implications tant au niveau de la clinique qu’au niveau méthodologique et théorique. / The aim of this dissertation was to study the relationship problems, treatment goals and therapeutic mandates of couples consulting in couple therapy in a naturalistic setting. This dissertation includes two original articles. Using a relationship problems coding system on a sample of 108 couples seeking therapy, the first study identified that the most common relationship problems were related to communication, emotional affection or distance, specific areas of the current relationship, and lack of physical affection or sex. Comparisons of therapeutic mandates revealed that commitment or security problems and infidelity or flirting problems were more common among couples pursuing an ambivalence resolution mandate than among couples pursuing an alleviation of distress mandate. These results demonstrated the importance of identifying distinct therapeutic mandates in couple therapy and the need for further research about ambivalent couples. The second study aimed to evaluate change in couples that consulted in a naturalistic therapy setting using Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). A categorization of treatment goals in couple therapy was proposed. Treatment goals and therapeutic mandates of 100 couples were categorized using standardized coding schemas. The results showed large pre-post changes in couples distress and severity of relationship problems. Therapists’ expectations about the therapy process, treatment completion and separation were related to couples’ goal attainment. Comparisons of therapeutic mandates revealed that couples pursuing an alleviation of distress mandate had more goals related to communication, problem-solving and acceptance of differences than couples pursuing an ambivalence resolution mandate. This study contributed to the field by providing preliminary data regarding the clinical utility of GAS in assessing change following couple therapy. Types of treatment goals set in naturalistic settings were presented and the results emphasized the need for further research on therapeutic mandates. In summary, this dissertation provided support to the construct of therapeutic mandates and presented clinical, methodological and theoretical implications.

No description available.

La présente thèse avait pour but d’analyser les problèmes conjugaux, les mandats et les objectifs thérapeutiques des couples qui consultent en thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. Cette thèse a été rédigée sous la forme de deux articles. Le premier article visait à dresser un portrait des problèmes conjugaux rapportés par les conjoints à l’aide d’une question ouverte. Les problèmes conjugaux de 108 couples débutant une thérapie conjugale ont d’abord été catégorisés. Les résultats ont montré que les problèmes conjugaux les plus fréquemment rapportés étaient liés à la communication, à la distance émotionnelle, à des problèmes spécifiques de la relation et à la sexualité. En comparant les couples selon le mandat thérapeutique, il a été trouvé que les couples en mandat de résolution de l’ambivalence rapportent davantage de problèmes liés à l’engagement/sécurité et à l’infidélité/flirting que les couples en mandat d’amélioration de la relation. Ces résultats ont démontré l’importance de l’utilisation du construit des mandats thérapeutiques et la nécessité d’étudier davantage l’ambivalence des couples. Le deuxième article visait à examiner les propriétés psychométriques de la mesure individualisée Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) dans l’évaluation du changement des couples en thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. L’atteinte des objectifs thérapeutiques de 100 couples ayant complété une thérapie conjugale a été évaluée. Une catégorisation des objectifs thérapeutiques a également été proposée. Les résultats obtenus soutiennent l’efficacité de la thérapie conjugale en milieu naturel. Le pronostic du thérapeute quant au déroulement de la thérapie ainsi que le motif de fin de thérapie et la stabilité conjugale ont été identifiés comme étant liés à l’atteinte des objectifs. En comparant les couples selon le mandat thérapeutique, il a été trouvé que les couples en mandat d’amélioration de la relation ont davantage d’objectifs thérapeutiques liés à la communication, à la résolution de problèmes et à l’acceptation des différences que les couples en mandat de résolution de l’ambivalence. Les résultats appuient la validité et l’utilité de la mesure GAS pour la recherche et la pratique clinique. En somme, cette thèse a contribué à l’avancement des connaissances en apportant un appui empirique au construit des mandats thérapeutiques et comporte des implications tant au niveau de la clinique qu’au niveau méthodologique et théorique. / The aim of this dissertation was to study the relationship problems, treatment goals and therapeutic mandates of couples consulting in couple therapy in a naturalistic setting. This dissertation includes two original articles. Using a relationship problems coding system on a sample of 108 couples seeking therapy, the first study identified that the most common relationship problems were related to communication, emotional affection or distance, specific areas of the current relationship, and lack of physical affection or sex. Comparisons of therapeutic mandates revealed that commitment or security problems and infidelity or flirting problems were more common among couples pursuing an ambivalence resolution mandate than among couples pursuing an alleviation of distress mandate. These results demonstrated the importance of identifying distinct therapeutic mandates in couple therapy and the need for further research about ambivalent couples. The second study aimed to evaluate change in couples that consulted in a naturalistic therapy setting using Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). A categorization of treatment goals in couple therapy was proposed. Treatment goals and therapeutic mandates of 100 couples were categorized using standardized coding schemas. The results showed large pre-post changes in couples distress and severity of relationship problems. Therapists’ expectations about the therapy process, treatment completion and separation were related to couples’ goal attainment. Comparisons of therapeutic mandates revealed that couples pursuing an alleviation of distress mandate had more goals related to communication, problem-solving and acceptance of differences than couples pursuing an ambivalence resolution mandate. This study contributed to the field by providing preliminary data regarding the clinical utility of GAS in assessing change following couple therapy. Types of treatment goals set in naturalistic settings were presented and the results emphasized the need for further research on therapeutic mandates. In summary, this dissertation provided support to the construct of therapeutic mandates and presented clinical, methodological and theoretical implications.

attitudes amongst the members of different races towards the implementation of affirmative action in the Correctional Services Department of South Africa. A literature study on affirmative action was completed and thereafter a questionnaire was developed. An emperical study was done by questionnaire on the determination of perceptions and attitudes of members of the South African Correctional Services Department towards the application of Affirmative Action policies. serious problems if not correctly managed. It was established that the success in any affirmative action strategy rests on the understanding and acceptance of cultural diversity as manifested in perceptions and attitudes. Management information systems needs to be effective and efficient at all times. Changing perceptions and attitudes increased passion and job satisfaction. Recommendations are made for further research on aspects highlighted by the findings. / Penology / M.A. (Penology)