Location based services (LBS) are gaining widespread user acceptance and increased daily usage. GPS based mobile navigation systems (Garmin), location-related social network updates and "check-ins" (Facebook), location-based games (Nokia), friend queries (Foursquare) and ads (Google) are some of the popular LBSs available to mobile users today. Despite these successes, current user services fall short of a vision where mobile users could ask for continuous location-based services with always-up-to-date information around them, such as the list of friends or favorite restaurants within 15 minutes of driving. Providing such a location based service in real time faces a number of technical challenges. In this dissertation research, we propose a suite of novel techniques and system architectures to address some known technical challenges of continuous location queries and updates. Our solution approaches enable the creation of new, practical and scalable location based services with better energy efficiency on mobile clients and higher throughput at the location servers. Our first contribution is the development of RoadTrack, a road network aware and query-aware location update framework and a suite of algorithms. A unique characteristic of RoadTrack is the innovative design of encounter points and system-defined precincts to manage the desired spatial resolution of location updates for different mobile clients while reducing the complexity and energy consumption of location update strategies. The second novelty of this dissertation research is the technical development of Dandelion data structures and algorithms that can deliver superior performance for the periodic re-evaluation of continuous road-network distance based location queries, when compared with the alternative of repeatedly performing a network expansion along a mobile user's trajectory. The third contribution of this dissertation research is the FastExpand algorithm that can speed up the computation of single-issue shortest-distance road network queries. Finally, we have developed the open source GT MobiSim mobility simulator, a discrete event simulation platform to generate realistic driving trajectories for real road maps. It has been downloaded and utilized by many to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the location query and location update algorithms, including the research efforts in this dissertation.

Road authorities around the world have been innovating and finding ways to cope with the high cost of road network maintenance, the growing demands of road users and the changing traffic type and volume. A well-maintained road is needed to make the network sustainable for future generations. Improving road maintenance management in the Philippines, based on New Zealand experience, is the goal of this research with the theme of managing the change from method-based specifications to the adoption of performance-based specifications for unsealed low-volume roads. The New Zealand Local Government Act 2002 prescribes the requirements for the provision, operation, and management of the local road network, consistent with the Land Transport Management Act 2002 and the New Zealand Land Transport Strategy. The maintenance management system used by New Zealand road controlling authorities (RCAs) was determined by survey and a profile of RCAs that have adopted performance-based specifications was established. RCAs that adopted performance-based specifications had employed asset managers, used the Road Asset Maintenance Management (RAMM) system as an asset management tool, engaged consultants for specialised skills, employed more engineers, had highly developed performance specifications, conducted customer surveys, and had more resources in terms of rates and revenues than RCAs that had not adopted performance-based specifications. The proposed performance-based specifications for sealed and unsealed roads were also presented in this thesis. The Department of Public Works and Highways of the Philippines has implemented three long-term performance-based maintenance pilot projects, all completed by 2005. The lessons learned from the pilot projects, together with the New Zealand survey results will guide road authorities in the Philippines to improve the implementation of future long-term performance-based maintenance contracts (LTPBMC) on national roads, and possibly apply the same to low-volume roads.

The process of performing cartographic generalization in an automatic way applied on geographic information is of highly interest in the field of cartography, both in academia and industry. Many research e↵orts have been done to implement di↵erent automatic generalization approaches. Being able to answer the research question on automatic generalization, another interesting question opens up: ”Is it possible to retrieve and visualize geographic information in any arbitrary scale?” This is the question in the field of vario-scale geoinformation. Potential research works should answer this question with solutions which provide valid and efficient representation of geoinformation in any on-demand scale. More brilliant solutions will also provide smooth transitions between these on-demand arbitrary scales. Space-Scale-Cube (Meijers and Van Oosterom 2011) is a reactive tree (Van Oosterom 1991) data structure which shows positive potential for achieving smooth automatic vario-scale generalization of area features. The topic of this research work is investigation of adaptation of this approach on an interesting class of geographic information: road networks datasets. Firstly theoretical background will be introduced and discussed and afterwards, implementing the adaptation would be described. This research work includes development of a hierarchical data structure based on road network datasets and the potential use of this data structure in vario-scale geoinformation retrieval and visualization.

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This thesis contains a definition and assessment of the main turning points in the evolution of the landscape of the area Staré Hodějovice and proposal of possible further development of the area. Then assesses the historical development of the landscape Staré Hodějovice from the 18th century to the present, the evaluation of maps and text data for the area of interest and create digital maps as historical view of landscape, as well as the current state of the landscape and their subsequent evaluation.

A presente pesquisa debruçou o seu olhar sobre o problema da falta de continuidade em redes de ruas que, ao que parece, não tem recebido a devida atenção por parte das administrações públicas e equipes de planejamento urbano. Através de análises como integralidade, heterogeneidade das redes espaciais urbanas e análise de bloqueios viários a pesquisa buscou inverter o olhar para elementos (e condições) estruturais que potencialmente prejudicam o desempenho da morfologia urbana de cidades causando impactos de natureza sócio-econômica. Para tanto, lançou mão da construção de grafos e da aplicação de medidas de diferenciação espacial nas redes em estudo, a fim de avançar na compreensão de eventos que possivelmente provocam algum tipo de ruptura na morfologia de cidades, provocando problemas para suas populações. O resultado do estudo apontou para a possibilidade de criação de um conceito específico chamado de microruptura em redes de ruas. / The present research intended to look at/: the problem of lack of continuity in networks of streets that, it seems, has not received due attention by the government and urban planning teams. Through analysis as integrity, spatial heterogeneity of networks and analysis of urban road blockades research sought to reverse its look to elements (and conditions) that potentially affect the structural performance of the urban morphology of cities causing social economic impacts. To do so, it uses the construction of graphs and the application of measures of spatial differentiation in the networks under study in order to advance the understanding of events that possibly provoke some kind of rupture in morphology of cities, causing problems for their people. The result of the study pointed to the possibility of creating a specific concept called microruptures in street networks.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-02T15:13:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AMARO MONTEIRO DE CARVALHO FILHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1976..pdf: 10529018 bytes, checksum: 417ae607a1e27be1c792cbe8edbf9cc2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T15:13:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AMARO MONTEIRO DE CARVALHO FILHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1976..pdf: 10529018 bytes, checksum: 417ae607a1e27be1c792cbe8edbf9cc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1976-11 / Neste estudo, sistemas de mão única são discutidos, do ponto de vista da capacidade da rede viária. A capacidade da rede viária é definida como o número máximo de veículos que pode viajar facilmente, sem congestionamentos grandes e sem paradas significativas. Isso pode ser determinado pela aplicação do método da Divisão de Alocação de Tráfego, no qual o total de viagens 0D é incrementado pouco a pouco, mantendo-se o padrão 0D constante. Através desse estudo, pode-se concluir que é consideravelmente difícil encontrar-se um bom sistema de mão única, possível de aumentar a capacidade da rede viária. / In this study, one-way sistems are discassed from viewpoint of road network capacity. The road network capacity is definid as the maximum number of vehicles that can travel smoothley withoat heavy congestion and unreasonable stoppings. This can be determined by application of Division Method of traffic assignment in which the total 0D trips are increased litteby little keeping the constant 0D pattern. Through this study it can be conclud that it is considerable difficult to find a good one-way system possible to increase the road network capacity.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the elaboration of a plan of common facilities for complex land adjustments. The territory in question is Horní Slověnice cadastral estates. The theoretical part deals with the description of land modifications, exploration works and the definition of common facilities. Its focus is on arrangements for accessing the estates, for soil protection against erosion, for protection and creation of the environment and water management measures. The practical part characterizes the selected area and offers description of the most important issues within the common facilities in the given locality.

A land consolidation is the best tool for the return of more qualified environment and values, which were suppressed in the past, or in destroyed. The most suitable is the komplex land consolidation that sloves the territory from o broader viewpoint. The purpose of this thesis is to proposal for one of the komplex land consolidation, namely with a plan od common facilities. The territorial of interes is the village of Ločenice, located in the South Bohemian Region. The meaning of this thesis is to evaluation and characteristic of the cadastral area, in the ambit of anti-erosion measures for the protection of agricultural land resources, measures to make available land, measures for the protection and crestion of the environment and water management measures. The results are processed in text and map form, that were realized by the program Arc Map 10.2.

A presente pesquisa debruçou o seu olhar sobre o problema da falta de continuidade em redes de ruas que, ao que parece, não tem recebido a devida atenção por parte das administrações públicas e equipes de planejamento urbano. Através de análises como integralidade, heterogeneidade das redes espaciais urbanas e análise de bloqueios viários a pesquisa buscou inverter o olhar para elementos (e condições) estruturais que potencialmente prejudicam o desempenho da morfologia urbana de cidades causando impactos de natureza sócio-econômica. Para tanto, lançou mão da construção de grafos e da aplicação de medidas de diferenciação espacial nas redes em estudo, a fim de avançar na compreensão de eventos que possivelmente provocam algum tipo de ruptura na morfologia de cidades, provocando problemas para suas populações. O resultado do estudo apontou para a possibilidade de criação de um conceito específico chamado de microruptura em redes de ruas. / The present research intended to look at/: the problem of lack of continuity in networks of streets that, it seems, has not received due attention by the government and urban planning teams. Through analysis as integrity, spatial heterogeneity of networks and analysis of urban road blockades research sought to reverse its look to elements (and conditions) that potentially affect the structural performance of the urban morphology of cities causing social economic impacts. To do so, it uses the construction of graphs and the application of measures of spatial differentiation in the networks under study in order to advance the understanding of events that possibly provoke some kind of rupture in morphology of cities, causing problems for their people. The result of the study pointed to the possibility of creating a specific concept called microruptures in street networks.