Role-based modeling has been investigated for over 35 years as a promising paradigm to model complex, dynamic systems. Although current software systems are characterized by increasing complexity and context-dependence, all this research had almost no influence on current software development practice, still being discussed in recent literature. One reason for this is the lack of a coherent, comprehensive, readily applicable notion of roles. Researchers focused either on relational roles or context-dependent roles rather then combining both natures. Currently, there is no role-based modeling language sufficiently incorporating both the relational and context-dependent nature of roles together with the various proposed constraints. Hence, this paper formalizes a full-fledged role-based modeling language supporting both natures. To show its sufficiency and adequacy, a real world example is employed.

Nowadays, large-scale software systems consist of multiple applications, which interact with each other to fulfill desired system-level requirements. It is usually required to coordinate the interactions of the constituent applications to ensure that the system-level requirements are fulfilled. In this paper, we outline a set of requirements that must be fulfilled to facilitate the modular composition of multiple applications. We introduce the concept of architectural event modules, which are abstractions to represent constituent applications and their coordination logic in a modular and uniform way. We explain the implementation of this concept in the EventReactor language, and define their formal semantics in processing events using the UPPAAL toolset. We illustrate the suitability of architectural event modules in achieving modularity and loose coupling in the composition of multiple applications by means of a case study in the domain of energy-efficient computing.

The author's Habilitationsschrift--Freiburg, 1977. / Includes text in French and Swedish. Includes bibliographical references (p. 363-381) and index.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2017-12-27T17:58:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA VANDA MEDEIROS DE ARAÚJO FERREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS - 2016.pdf: 1585735 bytes, checksum: 85b67880957075e6f86014a46d1cc762 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-27T17:58:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA VANDA MEDEIROS DE ARAÚJO FERREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS - 2016.pdf: 1585735 bytes, checksum: 85b67880957075e6f86014a46d1cc762 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Entendendo a leitura como um processo mediado, orientado, conduzido, que envolve aspectos cognitivos que precisam ser percebidos para a formação do leitor, e cientes do papel atribuído e assumido pela escola no que concerne à leitura, é que se empreende a presente pesquisa, que tem como objetivo analisar a influência das atividades lúdicas, no que faz menção ao jogo de RPG (Rolle Playing Game), no desenvolvimento do gosto pela leitura. Além disso, tem-se o intuito de apresentar entre as diversas formas de incentivo à leitura uma possibilidade de atividade que permita diversificar as aulas de forma dinâmica e prazerosa, pois observa-se que há muitos interesses e situações que disputam o espaço da leitura com a escola. A concretização de tal objetivo passou pela identificação das concepções de leitor e leitura presentes no discurso e na prática dos educadores que trabalham na escola e na série pesquisada. Como percurso metodológico, optou-se por fazer uma pesquisa qualitativa, constituindo-se o corpus do trabalho de questionários respondidos por cinco (5) professoras e trinta e um (31) alunos. Com os questionários, buscou-se levantar informações para que se pudesse verificar o gosto e os hábitos de leitura dos alunos da turma pesquisada, dentro e fora da escola, assim como traçar o perfil dos educadores participantes da pesquisa, suas concepções de leitura, suas ações e trato dispensado à leitura em sala de aula. A partir da análise do material coletado junto aos sujeitos da pesquisa, pôde-se perceber que a leitura na escola está sendo vista de forma utilitária e que o trabalho de formação do leitor reduz-se a atividades que acabam chegando a um objetivo inverso daquele ao qual foram dirigidas inicialmente, isto é, acabam afastando a criança da leitura. Percebe-se, também, que quando a mediação é feita de forma lúdica, o aluno não enxerga a leitura como uma obrigação, mas realiza o ato com prazer. / La comprensión de la lectura como un proceso mediado, orientado, impulsado, que involucra aspectos cognitivos que necesitan ser realizado para la formación del lector, y consciente del papel asignado y asumido por la escuela en relación a la lectura, se está llevando a cabo esta investigación, que Su objetivo es analizar la influencia de las actividades recreativas, al hacer mención del juego de rol (Rolle que juega al juego) en el desarrollo del gusto por la lectura. Además, no es la intención de presentar entre las diversas formas de incentivo a la lectura de una posibilidad de actividad que permite diversificar las clases de forma dinámica y agradable, ya que se observa que hay muchos intereses y situaciones que compiten por el espacio de lectura con escuela. la El logro de este objetivo tiene mediante la identificación del jugador y la lectura de los conceptos presentes en el discurso y la práctica de los educadores que trabajan en la escuela y la serie investigado. Como un enfoque metodológico, se optó por realizar una investigación cualitativa, siendo los cuestionarios funcionan corpus respondida por cinco (5) profesores y treinta y un (31) estudiantes. Con los cuestionarios, tratado de recoger información para que pueda verificar los hábitos de sabor y de lectura de los estudiantes de clase investigado, dentro y fuera de la escuela, así como el perfil de la investigación de los educadores participantes, sus concepciones de la lectura, su acciones y trato dado a leer en clase. A partir del análisis del material recogido de los sujetos de investigación, podría darse cuenta de que la lectura en la escuela es vista utilitario, y que la formación de empleo del lector se reduce a las actividades que acaban de llegar a un orden inverso al creado para que fueron dirigidos inicialmente, es decir, lejos del final de la lectura del niño. Es evidente, también, que cuando la mediación se lleva a cabo de una manera lúdica, el estudiante no ver la lectura como una obligación, sino realiza el acto pronto.

Large software systems are in need of a construction plan to determine and define every concept and element used in order to not end up in complex, unusable, and cost-intensive systems. Different modeling languages, like UML, support the development of these construction plans and visualize them for the system’s stakeholders. Reference models are a specific kind of construction plan, used as templates for information systems and already capture business domain knowledge for reuse and tailoring. By adaptation, reference models are tailored to enterprise-specific application models, which can be used for software construction and maintenance. However, current adaptation methods suffer from the limitations of pure object-oriented development (e.g., identity issues, large inheritance trees, and inflexibility). In this thesis, the usage of roles as the sole adaptation mechanism is proposed to solve these challenges. With the help of conceptual roles, it is possible to create rich model variations and adaptations from existing (industry standard) reference models, and it is simpler to react to model evolution and changing business logic. Adaptations can be specified with more precision by maintaining or even increasing the model’s expressiveness. As a consequence, the role-enriched final application model can be used to describe software systems in more detail, with different perspectives, and, if available, can be implemented with a role supporting programming language. However, even without this step, the application model itself will provide valuable insights into the overall construction plan of a software system by the combination of structure and behavior and a clear separation of relatively stable domain knowledge from its use case specific adaptation.

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has increasingly received attention from the Business Process Management (BPM) community. The integration of sensors and actuators into Process-Aware Information Systems (PAIS) enables the collection of real-time data about physical properties and the direct manipulation of real-world objects. In a broader sense, IoT-aware workflows provide means for context-aware workflow execution involving virtual and physical entities. However, IoT-aware workflow management imposes new requirements on workflow modeling and execution that are outside the scope of current modeling languages and workflow management systems. Things in the IoT may vanish, appear or stay unknown during workflow execution, which renders their allocation as workflow resources infeasible at design time. Besides, capabilities of Things are often intended to be available only in a particular real-world context at runtime, e.g., a service robot inside a smart home should only operate at full speed, if there are no residents in direct proximity. Such contextual restrictions for the dynamic exposure of resource capabilities are not considered by current approaches in IoT resource management that use services for exposing device functionalities. With this work, we aim at providing the modeling and runtime support for defining such restrictions on workflow resources at design time and enabling the dynamic and context-sensitive runtime allocation of Things as workflow resources. To achieve this goal, we propose contributions to the fields of resource management, i.e., resource perspective, and workflow management in the Internet of Things (IoT), divided into the user perspective representing the workflow modeling phase and the workflow perspective representing the runtime resource allocation phase. In the resource perspective, we propose an ontology for the modeling of Things, Roles, capabilities, physical entities, and their context-sensitive interrelations. The concept of Role is used to define non-exclusive subsets of capabilities of Things. A Thing can play a certain Role only under certain contextual restrictions defined by Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules. At runtime, the existing relations between the individuals of the ontology represent the current state of interactions between the physical and the cyber world. Through the dynamic activation and deactivation of Roles at runtime, the behavior of a Thing can be adapted to the current physical context. In the user perspective, we allow workflow modelers to define the goal of a workflow activity either by using semantic queries or by specifying high-level goals from a Tropos goal model. The goal-based modeling of workflow activities provides the most flexibility regarding the resource allocation as several leaf goals may fulfill the user specified activity goal. Furthermore, the goal model can include additional Quality of Service (QoS) parameters and the positive or negative contribution of goals towards these parameters. The workflow perspective includes the Semantic Access Layer (SAL) middleware to enable the transformation of activity goals into semantic queries as well as their execution on the ontology for role-based Things. The SAL enables the discovery of fitting Things, their allocation as workflow resources, the invocation of referenced IoT services, and the continuous monitoring of the allocated Things as part of the ontology. We show the feasibility and added value of this work in relation to related approaches by evaluation within several application scenarios in a smart home setting. We compare the fulfillment of quantified criteria for IoT-aware workflow management based on requirements extracted from related research. The evaluation shows, that our approach enables an increase in the context-aware modeling of Things as workflow resources, in the query support for workflow resource allocation, and in the modeling support of activities using Things as workflow resources.:1 Introduction 15 1.1 Background 17 1.2 Motivation 17 1.3 Aim and Objective 19 1.3.1 Research Questions and Scope 19 1.3.2 Research Goals 20 1.4 Contribution 20 1.5 Outline 21 2 Background for Workflows in the IoT 23 2.1 Resource Perspective 24 2.1.1 Internet of Things 24 2.1.2 Context and Role Modeling 27 2.2 User Perspective 37 2.2.1 Goal Modeling 38 2.2.2 Tropos Goal Modeling Language 38 2.3 Workflow Perspective 39 2.3.1 Workflow Concepts 39 2.3.2 Workflow Modeling 40 2.3.3 Internet of Things-aware Workflow Management 43 2.4 Summary 44 3 Requirements Analysis and Approach 45 3.1 Requirements 45 3.1.1 IoT Resource Perspective 46 3.1.2 Workflow Resource Perspective 50 3.1.3 Relation to Research Questions 51 3.2 State of the Art Analysis 53 3.2.1 Fulfillment Criteria 54 3.2.2 IoT-aware workflow management 56 3.3 Discussion 65 3.4 Approach 70 3.4.1 Contribution to IoT-aware workflow management 71 3.5 Summary 73 4 Concept for Adaptive Workflow Activities in the IoT 75 4.1 Resource Perspective 75 4.1.1 Role-based Things 75 4.1.2 Semantic Modeling Concepts 79 4.1.3 SWRL Modeling Concepts 81 4.2 User Perspective 81 4.2.1 Semantic Queries in Workflow Activites 81 4.2.2 Goals for Workflow Activites 81 4.2.3 Mapping from Goals to Semantic Queries 82 4.3 Workflow Perspective 83 4.3.1 Workflow metamodel Extensions 83 4.3.2 Middleware for Dynamic Resource Discovery and Allocation 85 4.4 Summary 86 5 Modeling Adaptive Workflow Activities in the IoT 87 5.1 Resource Perspective 87 5.1.1 Role-based Modeling of Context-sensitive Things 87 5.1.2 Ontology Classes 90 5.1.3 Ontology Object properties 93 5.1.4 Ontology Data properties 99 5.1.5 DL-safe SWRL Rules 100 5.2 Discussion of Role Modeling Features 101 5.3 Example Application Scenario Modeling 102 5.3.1 Resource Perspective 102 5.3.2 User Perspective 105 5.3.3 Workflow Perspective 109 5.4 Summary 113 6 Architecture for Adaptive Workflow Activities in the IoT 115 6.1 Overview of the System Architecture 115 6.2 Specification of System Components 117 6.2.1 Resource Perspective 118 6.2.2 User Perspective 118 6.2.3 Workflow Perspective 118 6.3 Summary 123 7 Implementation of Adaptive Workflow Activities in the IoT 125 7.1 Resource Perspective 125 7.2 Workflow Perspective 125 7.2.1 PROtEUS 125 7.2.2 Semantic Access Layer 127 7.3 User Perspective 128 7.4 Summary 128 8 Evaluation 129 8.1 Goal and Evaluation Approach 129 8.1.1 Definition of Test Cases 130 8.2 Scenario Evaluation 134 8.2.1 Ambient Assisted Living Setting 135 8.2.2 Resource Perspective 135 8.2.3 User Perspective 137 8.2.4 Workflow Perspective 138 8.2.5 Execution of Test Cases 139 8.2.6 Discussion of Results 146 8.3 Performance Evaluation 148 8.3.1 Experimental Setup 148 8.3.2 Discussion of Results 151 8.4 Summary 152 9 Discussion 153 9.1 Comparison of Solution to Research Questions 153 9.2 Extendability of the Solutions 155 9.3 Limitations 156 10 Summary and Future Work 157 10.1 Summary of the Thesis 157 10.2 Future Work 159 Appendix 161 Example Semantic Context Model for IoT-Things 171 T-Box of Ontology for Role-based Things in the IoT 178 A-Box for Example Scenario Model 201 A-Box for Extended Example Scenario Model 210

Syftet med studien är att belysa hur chefer och personalansvariga inom olika organisationer upplever svåra samtal i arbetsrelaterade situationer. Vi önskar komplettera tidigare forskning inom området svåra samtal med en mer socialpsykologisk inriktning som analysverktyg. Med hjälp av kvalitativ metod i form av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer når vi förståelse för hur chefer och personalansvariga upplever svåra samtal i arbetsrelaterade situationer. Vi besvarar följande frågor i studien: Hur upplever chefer och personalansvariga inom olika organisationer svåra samtal? Vilka faktorer kan bidra till att chefer och personalansvariga anser att samtal är svåra eller inte? De slutsatser som kan dras utifrån denna studie är att de intervjuade cheferna och personalansvariga anser att det finns svåra samtal på arbetsplatsen. Sammanfattningsvis uppleverintervjupersonerna att samtal som inkräktar på den personliga sfären är svårast. Exempelvis missbruksproblematik, dålig hygien och sjukdom är svåra samtalsämnen. Samtliga chefer och personalansvariga betonar vikten av förberedelser innan de påbörjar samtalen. Sammanfattningsvis ser intervjupersonerna arbetet mer som en yrkesroll och med hjälp av fakta känner de sig säkrare i delgivningen av svåra besked. Empati anses betydande för samtalets utgång. Vardagliga samtalsämnen som upplevs lätta kan visa sig svåra, eftersom de blir oförberedda inför situationen, vilket kan skapa svårigheter. / The study aims to shed light on how managers and human resources managers in different organizations experiencing difficult conversations in work-related situations. We wish to complement previous research in the area difficult conversation with a wider social psychological approach as analysis tools. Using qualitative methods in form of seven semi-structured interviews, we reach an understanding of how managers and human resource managers are experiencing difficult conversations in work-related situations. The questions we answer in this study are: How do managers and human resources managers in different organizations experience difficult conversations? Which aspects of the conversation contribute the experience of a conversation as difficult or not? The conclusions to be drawn from this study are that the interviewed managers and human resource managers believe that difficult conversations exist at work. In conclusion, the respondents perceive the conversations as intrusive of the personal sphere are the most difficult. For example, substance abuse problems, poor hygiene and diseases are difficult topics. All managers and human resource managers stress the importance of preparation before conversations. In summary, the respondents work more as a professional role and using the facts, then they feel safer in the service of non positive news. Empathy is considered important for the conversations. Everyday topics that are perceived ease, may prove difficult because they are unprepared for the situation, which can create difficulties.

Zusammenfassung Herr Merz: - Auf Basis von gerechneten Stützstellen können beliebige Flachzapfengeometrien innerhalb des Stützbereichs über den Ansatz {Durchmesser^3} umgerechnet werden. - Einfaches und schnelles Programm zur Bestimmung der Vergleichsspannung im Übergang vom Flachzapfenquerschnitt auf Rundquerschnitt - Ergebnisse stimmen sehr gut mit FE-Analysen überein. Zusammenfassung Herr Münker: Ausgehend von einem 2D-FEM-Modell werden mit dem FEM-Programm MSC.Marc der Wärmeeintrag in eine Rolle sowie die transienten Temperatur- und Spannungsfelder berechnet. Anschließend werden vergleichende 2D-FEM-Berechnungen mit den Programmen Mechanica Thermal und Structure durchgeführt. Die Erweiterung auf 3D-FEM-Berechnungen und die Ermittlung der Wärmespannungen in der Rolle schließen den Vortrag ab.

South Africa, notwithstanding her comprehensive legislation, has disturbingly high figures of child sexual violence. These crimes and the low conviction rates should put any role-player within the field of sexual violence to shame. Concerns are raised that, unless trained professionals deal with child sexual abuse victims, we will fail to protect children from abuse and fail in our quest for justice. The South African police, in its efforts to prioritize crimes against women and children, employed forensic social workers. This article presents the results of an explorative study of the role and responsibilities of the forensic social worker in the SAPS. Data was collected from three groups of participants (forensic social workers, state prosecutors and police investigating officers) according to a mixed method approach. Both qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (statistical data) methods were therefore employed. The forensic process is designed to answer a question of relevance to the legal system, which makes the role of the forensic social worker very specific. If roleplayers in the field of child sexual offences, however, are not entirely familiar with what forensic social work entails, it could not only complicate matters for the forensic social workers, but it could also mean that their services are not used optimally and effectively. The findings of the study indicate that forensic social workers make a valuable contribution to the successful investigation of child sexual offences; however, in the absence of adequate continuous trainin training, supervision and consultation, they could fail in providing a proficient service. / Thesis (MSW (Forensic Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

South Africa, notwithstanding her comprehensive legislation, has disturbingly high figures of child sexual violence. These crimes and the low conviction rates should put any role-player within the field of sexual violence to shame. Concerns are raised that, unless trained professionals deal with child sexual abuse victims, we will fail to protect children from abuse and fail in our quest for justice. The South African police, in its efforts to prioritize crimes against women and children, employed forensic social workers. This article presents the results of an explorative study of the role and responsibilities of the forensic social worker in the SAPS. Data was collected from three groups of participants (forensic social workers, state prosecutors and police investigating officers) according to a mixed method approach. Both qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (statistical data) methods were therefore employed. The forensic process is designed to answer a question of relevance to the legal system, which makes the role of the forensic social worker very specific. If roleplayers in the field of child sexual offences, however, are not entirely familiar with what forensic social work entails, it could not only complicate matters for the forensic social workers, but it could also mean that their services are not used optimally and effectively. The findings of the study indicate that forensic social workers make a valuable contribution to the successful investigation of child sexual offences; however, in the absence of adequate continuous trainin training, supervision and consultation, they could fail in providing a proficient service. / Thesis (MSW (Forensic Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.