This dissertation describes the fundamentals of functioning of the service provision within the Community and functioning of these mechanisms in the chosen EU countries (Belgium, Estonia, Germany, Austria, Great Britain) and in the chosen fields (building, telecommunications, IT, consultancy services, tourism, repairing and maintenance services, financial services and others). The work is divided into two parts. The first one (the chapters 1- 4) deals with the fundamental principles of the service provision within the Community -- free movement of goods, persons, capital and services, freedom of cross-border delivery of services and its temporary criteria, specific requirements of some countries -- interim periods for free movement of persons and services, self-employed persons, recognition of professional qualifications, social and health insurance and taxes, solving problems of the internal market within the Community in the system of SOLVIT, Czech Business Representation in Brussels CEBRE. In the second part (chapter 5) are applied the principles of functioning of these mechanisms on the internal market in the chosen countries of the Community. The work serves as information material, data collector and practice advisor in one place giving useful sources where to find detailed information on these problems.

This master thesis investigates the impact of battery energy storage utilization in the ancillary services market on a local electricity grid. Specifically, the study examines the technical impact of battery energy storage installations and how grid operators should handle these types of installations in the future. To achieve this goal, battery energy storage systems simulations using MatLab software based on historical frequency data have been conducted creating an operation scheme for the battery. The battery simulation was applied to the electrical systems consumption and production data, conducting a whole year power flow simulation investigating the effects on peak power demand both for the customer and local grid owner. The worst-case scenarios were also investigated to assure that the grid could withstand the change in production and consumption at any time. The results indicate that such an installation would increase the peak power demand for the local grid owner by a maximum of 12 kW for one week but in general, it would result in a smaller increment and some small decrement. For the customer, the maximum impact is greater both in absolute numbers and in proportion to the peak power demand before with an increment of 16 kW, but in general, there will not be any impact on the effect tariff at all. The results of the worst-case scenario simulations showed that during backup power supply at high load timestamps in combination with FCR-D down there would be contingencies in one cable connection between two nodes, causing the cable current to increase above the rated current. To allow such an installment the local grid owner would need to limit the battery capacity and increase their billings to the customer, expand the dimension of the system or even, increase their effect tariffs to always ensure a stable electricity supply and stable financial balance.

O crescimento populacional, a industrialização e a expansão da agricultura no último século vêm acarretando problemas de escassez e degradação dos recursos hídricos. Desta forma, a gestão das águas passou a fazer parte das discussões políticas, sociais, econômicas e acadêmicas. A noção atual é a de que a água é um recurso finito, escasso e valorizado economicamente. Assim, a necessidade desse recurso leva fornecedores e usuários a negociarem no ambiente institucional vigente. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da institucionalização da cobrança da água no mercado de fornecimento para a lavoura orizícola na Região Hidrográfica do Litoral do Rio Grande do Sul. Para atender este objetivo, foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos, tendo como alvo produtores orizícolas e experts, distribuídos em 47 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Inicialmente foram identificadas e caracterizadas as dimensões do arranjo institucional dos recursos hídricos e, esses resultados permitiram a construção de cinco cená rios: realista, pessimista, otimista, conformista e resistente para a cobrança pelo uso da água. Esses cenários revelaram que o mercado de fornecimento de água para a lavoura arrozeira já está legitimado socialmente. Não há intervenção do Estado, nem dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica nas negociações entre usuários e fornecedores dos serviços de irrigação. Assim, percebe-se que a cobrança do uso da água poderá afetar a formação de preços nesse mercado, mas o poder de barganha entre as partes permanecerá àque le que já está institucionalizado. / Population growth, industrialization and expansion of agriculture in the last century have caused problems of shortage and degradation of water resources. This way, water management started making part of political, social, economic and academic discussions. The current notion is that water is a finite, scarce and economically valuable resource. So, the need of such a resource leads suppliers and users to negotiate in the ongoing institutional environment. This research’s goal was evaluating the influence of the institutionalization of water tariff charge in the market that supplies rice croplands in the Hydrographic Region of Coastal Rio Grande do Sul. In order to reach that aim, qualitative methodological procedures were used, having as goal both rice growers and experts, distributed in 47 half-structured interviews. At first, one identified and characterized the dimensions of the institutional arrangement of water resources, and such results allowed the construction of five scenarios: realistic, pessimistic, optimistic, conformist and resistant about the tariff charge for water usage. These scenarios reveal that the water-supplying market for rice growing is already socially legitimized. There is no intervention either by the state or by the committees of the hydrographic basin in the negotiations between users and suppliers of irrigation services. So, it can be noticed that tariff charging on water usage may affect the formation of prices in this market, but the bargaining power between the parties will remain the one that is already institutionalized.

O crescimento populacional, a industrialização e a expansão da agricultura no último século vêm acarretando problemas de escassez e degradação dos recursos hídricos. Desta forma, a gestão das águas passou a fazer parte das discussões políticas, sociais, econômicas e acadêmicas. A noção atual é a de que a água é um recurso finito, escasso e valorizado economicamente. Assim, a necessidade desse recurso leva fornecedores e usuários a negociarem no ambiente institucional vigente. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da institucionalização da cobrança da água no mercado de fornecimento para a lavoura orizícola na Região Hidrográfica do Litoral do Rio Grande do Sul. Para atender este objetivo, foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos, tendo como alvo produtores orizícolas e experts, distribuídos em 47 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Inicialmente foram identificadas e caracterizadas as dimensões do arranjo institucional dos recursos hídricos e, esses resultados permitiram a construção de cinco cená rios: realista, pessimista, otimista, conformista e resistente para a cobrança pelo uso da água. Esses cenários revelaram que o mercado de fornecimento de água para a lavoura arrozeira já está legitimado socialmente. Não há intervenção do Estado, nem dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica nas negociações entre usuários e fornecedores dos serviços de irrigação. Assim, percebe-se que a cobrança do uso da água poderá afetar a formação de preços nesse mercado, mas o poder de barganha entre as partes permanecerá àque le que já está institucionalizado. / Population growth, industrialization and expansion of agriculture in the last century have caused problems of shortage and degradation of water resources. This way, water management started making part of political, social, economic and academic discussions. The current notion is that water is a finite, scarce and economically valuable resource. So, the need of such a resource leads suppliers and users to negotiate in the ongoing institutional environment. This research’s goal was evaluating the influence of the institutionalization of water tariff charge in the market that supplies rice croplands in the Hydrographic Region of Coastal Rio Grande do Sul. In order to reach that aim, qualitative methodological procedures were used, having as goal both rice growers and experts, distributed in 47 half-structured interviews. At first, one identified and characterized the dimensions of the institutional arrangement of water resources, and such results allowed the construction of five scenarios: realistic, pessimistic, optimistic, conformist and resistant about the tariff charge for water usage. These scenarios reveal that the water-supplying market for rice growing is already socially legitimized. There is no intervention either by the state or by the committees of the hydrographic basin in the negotiations between users and suppliers of irrigation services. So, it can be noticed that tariff charging on water usage may affect the formation of prices in this market, but the bargaining power between the parties will remain the one that is already institutionalized.

O crescimento populacional, a industrialização e a expansão da agricultura no último século vêm acarretando problemas de escassez e degradação dos recursos hídricos. Desta forma, a gestão das águas passou a fazer parte das discussões políticas, sociais, econômicas e acadêmicas. A noção atual é a de que a água é um recurso finito, escasso e valorizado economicamente. Assim, a necessidade desse recurso leva fornecedores e usuários a negociarem no ambiente institucional vigente. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da institucionalização da cobrança da água no mercado de fornecimento para a lavoura orizícola na Região Hidrográfica do Litoral do Rio Grande do Sul. Para atender este objetivo, foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos, tendo como alvo produtores orizícolas e experts, distribuídos em 47 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Inicialmente foram identificadas e caracterizadas as dimensões do arranjo institucional dos recursos hídricos e, esses resultados permitiram a construção de cinco cená rios: realista, pessimista, otimista, conformista e resistente para a cobrança pelo uso da água. Esses cenários revelaram que o mercado de fornecimento de água para a lavoura arrozeira já está legitimado socialmente. Não há intervenção do Estado, nem dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica nas negociações entre usuários e fornecedores dos serviços de irrigação. Assim, percebe-se que a cobrança do uso da água poderá afetar a formação de preços nesse mercado, mas o poder de barganha entre as partes permanecerá àque le que já está institucionalizado. / Population growth, industrialization and expansion of agriculture in the last century have caused problems of shortage and degradation of water resources. This way, water management started making part of political, social, economic and academic discussions. The current notion is that water is a finite, scarce and economically valuable resource. So, the need of such a resource leads suppliers and users to negotiate in the ongoing institutional environment. This research’s goal was evaluating the influence of the institutionalization of water tariff charge in the market that supplies rice croplands in the Hydrographic Region of Coastal Rio Grande do Sul. In order to reach that aim, qualitative methodological procedures were used, having as goal both rice growers and experts, distributed in 47 half-structured interviews. At first, one identified and characterized the dimensions of the institutional arrangement of water resources, and such results allowed the construction of five scenarios: realistic, pessimistic, optimistic, conformist and resistant about the tariff charge for water usage. These scenarios reveal that the water-supplying market for rice growing is already socially legitimized. There is no intervention either by the state or by the committees of the hydrographic basin in the negotiations between users and suppliers of irrigation services. So, it can be noticed that tariff charging on water usage may affect the formation of prices in this market, but the bargaining power between the parties will remain the one that is already institutionalized.

I januari 2018 kommer det nuvarande EU-direktivet PSD att ersättas av det nya betaltjänstdirektivet Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2). Motiven bakom direktivets införande är bland andra att bidra till en förenkling för tredjepartsaktörer att inträda betaltjänstmarknaden samt öka valmöjligheten för konsumenten. Idag domineras betaltjänstmarknaden främst av banker, något som direktivet utformats för att motverka. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur väl några av direktivets motiv stämmer överens med aktörernas uppfattning av direktivets påverkan samt även undersöka vilka möjligheter och utmaningar banker och tredjepartsaktörer ser att det nya direktivet innebär för dem och marknaden. Uppsatsen är genomförd som en fallstudie där semistrukturerade intervjuer med banker och tredjepartsaktörer varit den främsta datainsamlingsmetodiken. Fallstudien visade att aktörernas uppfattning av direktivet till stora delar stämmer bra överens med motiven för direktivet. Samtliga aktörer har en förhållandevis positiv bild av direktivet och ser en mängd olika möjligheter med direktivet. Samarbetet mellan banker och tredjepartsaktörer ses som en av de större möjligheterna. Utmaningarna som aktörerna står inför är varierande beroende på typ av aktör. Studien visade att det finns en del utmaningar som kan komma att begränsa antalet nya aktörer på marknaden. Samtliga möjligheter och utmaningar presenteras i fallstudiens sjätte avsnitt. / In January 2018, the current EU directive PSD will be replaced by the new Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2). The motives behind the implementation of the directive are, inter alia, to help simplify third party providers entering the payment service market and increasing consumer choice. Today, the payment service market is uppermost dominated by banks, something that the directive is designed to counteract. The purpose of this study is to investigate how well some of the motives of the directive are in line with the actors' perception of the impact of the directive, as well as investigate what opportunities and challenges banks and third party providers see that the new directive implies for them and the market. The essay was conducted as a case study, where semistructured interviews with banks and third party players were the primary data collection methodology. The case study showed that the actors' perception of the directive largely complies with the motives for the directive. All actors have a relatively positive view of the directive and see a wide range of possibilities with the directive. Cooperation between banks and third parties is seen as one of the major opportunities. The challenges that the stakeholders face are varied depending on the type of actor they represent. The study showed that there are some challenges that may limit the number of new players in the market. All possibilities and challenges are presented in the sixth section of the case study.

Цель исследования – разработать методические основы управления изменениями при планировании и внедрении ресурсных и финансовых модулей ERP-системы на промышленном предприятии для управления производством. Предложена дорожная карта управления изменениями при внедрении ERP-системы, особенностью которой является последовательность этапов планирования изменений, анализа внутренней среды и организации работы команды трансформации на основе идентификации чемпионов и владельцев процессов, оценки эффективности внедрения решений, управления цифровой культурой и наличия цифровых компетенций, поддерживающих трансформацию. Предложенная карта позволит поддержать стратегию компании по повышению прозрачности внутренней среды и акцентировать внимание на процессах вовлечения персонала и использования его интеллектуального потенциала для достижения операционной эффективности. / The purpose of the study is to develop methodological foundations for change management in the planning and implementation of resource and financial modules of the ERP system at an industrial enterprise for production management. A roadmap for change management during the implementation of an ERP system is proposed, a feature of which is the sequence of stages of planning changes, analyzing the internal environment and organizing the work of the transformation team based on the identification of champions and process owners, evaluating the effectiveness of implementing solutions, managing digital culture and the availability of digital competencies that support transformation. The proposed map will support the company's strategy to increase the transparency of the internal environment and focus on the processes of involving personnel and using their intellectual potential to achieve operational efficiency.

The sphere of services started to develop very actively in the last century. Nowadays this sector of economics gained the dominant positions: currently those services compound more than two thirties of the World’s Gross National Product (GNP). Approximately seventy percent of the GNP is obtained in sector of the services. Moreover, this sector is growing much faster (16 percent per year) than trade in services (7 percent per year only). Currently more than seventy percent of the employees are working in the sector of the services, and this part practically contains all the development of employment. According to the data of the Statistic Department of Lithuania and the Bank of Lithuania, during period 2000 – 2006 the services became the key in economical sector in the structure of the Lithuanian economy, and it compounds the biggest part of surplus. Despite this fast development of the sector of the services, many problems that limit this market are rising up, for example, obstructions for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME), the problems with innovations, the efficiency of the employment, the obstacles that influence the establishment of the enterprises. It is necessary to make the comprehensive analysis of the sector of the services in order to solve those problems. The conception of the service, groups of the services traded in the international market and their accounting, the development of the services of the international market and its changes, the factors that... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia Fabian Holzmann.pdf: 616808 bytes, checksum: e166252bee6ff56d9a6645cc9d778c3c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-03 / This study has analyzed the service franchising enterprises evaluating factors that influence the survival rate of this population under the Organizational Ecology theory. The dynamics of the evolution process of this population was analyzed considering the density dependence model connected to legitimation and competition. Such factors, as well as size, were tested in statistic models (panel, logit and probit) using the data base developed with the information presented in the Guias da Associação Brasileira de Franquias between 1996 and 2007, to evaluate their impact over the population survival rate. Other relevant factors raised in Evolutionary Economics and Service Market Organization were also discussed. / Este estudo analisou as franquias de serviços avaliando os fatores que influenciam na taxa de sobrevivência dessas empresas sob a ótica da Ecologia Organizacional. A dinâmica da evolução da população de franquias de serviços foi avaliada com base na densidade da população e processos de legitimação e competição. Tais fatores, assim como o tamanho, foram testados em modelos estatísticos (modelo econométrico de painel, logit e probit) utilizando base de dados desenvolvida com base nos Guias da Associação Brasileira de Franquias entre o período de 1996 e 2007, para avaliar seu impacto sobre a taxa de sobrevivência da população. Com base nas teorias de Economia Evolucionária e Organização de Mercado em Serviços outros fatores relevantes para a sobrevivência das franquias de serviço também foram discutidos.

The purpose of this diploma theses is to demonstrate the comprehensive view on the "financial health" of T-Mobile Czech Republic a.s. through the financial analysis process between year 2003 and 2007 from the position of the external user. The theoretic part of this theses is focused on the brief history, definition and principle of the financial analysis, then on users of the financial analysis and information sources for its realization including the pointing out the limitation of predicative abilities of the accounting data. Understanding of the traditional but also new methods, which are applied within the financial analysis (including the methods of intercompany comparison), is another part of the theoretic definition of the financial analysis. The practical part of the theses deals with the characteristics of T-Mobile company and with processing of the strategic analysis, which put us closer to the outside and inside surroundings of the analysed firm. It is followed by processing of the financial analysis of T-Mobile company (including comparison with its competitors), comments and evaluation of findings and results (including their comparison, where it is possible, with standard (recommended) values or with the "branch average values") and by pointing out strenghts and weaknesses of operations of the analysed company.