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41	Specifika výkonu v testu Rey-Osterriethovy komplexní figury u schizofrenní populace / The Rey-Osterrieth complex figure: a specificity of performance in schizophrenic patients Kortusová, Pavlína January 2018 (has links) This Master thesis focuses on the neuropsychological test called Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test and its diagnostic value in the clinical assesment of schizophrenic patients. Deficiency of cognitive functioning is a dominating feature in the clinical picture of schizophrenic patients. Attention is brought especially to the specific aspects of the ROCF performance in the clinical group of schizophrenic patients. Theoretical part is based on the realized investigative studies focused on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test and its value in cognitive assesment in psychodiagnostic praxis. The diagnostic method ROCF is presented in its complexity, the way of administration, assesment and interpretation are described and attention is also brought to the specific features of ROCF performance in healthy, neurological and psychiatric patients with focus on schizophrenic individuals. Empirical part of the thesis in the first section compares the ROCF performance of Czech healthy individuals and schizophrenic patients. The influence of demografic and other factors on the ROCF performance was analyzed and isolated elements of the figure and their difficultness was evaluated in both surveyed groups. Outcomes of this master thesis could contribute to the present knowledge of the diagnostic possibilities of...
42	Construção e representação de realidades no discurso de falantes com esquizofrenia: uma abordagem sistêmico-funcional Martins, Izabella dos Santos 26 August 2008 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Izabella dos Santos Martins.pdf: 1183630 bytes, checksum: 2c17eae505c311310f9252d39111de0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis aims to analyze the representation of reality in the discourse of patients diagnosed as schizophrenics. To do this, the theoreticalmethodological approach of Systemic- Functional Linguistics and Corpus Linguistics has been taken on board. The corpus consists of the transcriptions of 12 psychiatric interviews, with 12 schizophrenic patients, that took place in private and public centers of mental health, The general question is: what are the representational patterns of reality suggested by the discourse of the patients? To answer it, I analyze the ideational metafunction (Halliday, 1994), focusing on the processes elected by the schizophrenic speakers to represent the ongoing events of the external and the internal world. So, the research approaches the patients discourse in terms of lexico-grammatical and discourse-semantic patterns. Results show frequent occurrence of negative polarity operators and modalizations. The attribution of negative features to themselves and to entities, places, things and people, the recount of negative events, as well as Instances of the projection of an empowered identity, which can be identifiable as signs of delusion / Esta tese, que se insere na área de estudos sobre linguagem e esquizofrenia, objetiva analisar a representação da realidade no discurso de pacientes diagnosticados como portadores de esquizofrenia. Para tanto, é utilizado o referencial teórico-metodológico da Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional e da Lingüística de Corpus. O corpus da pesquisa é constituído pela transcrição de 12 consultas psiquiátricas realizadas em clínicas particulares e em unidades públicas de saúde mental, com 12 pacientes portadores de esquizofrenia. A pergunta geral da pesquisa é: quais os padrões de representação da realidade expressos no discurso dos pacientes? Para respondê-la, analiso a metafunção ideacional (Halliday, 1994), tocando nos processos escolhidos pelos falantes com esquizofrenia para a representação dos acontecimentos - tanto do mundo exterior quanto os do mundo interior. Assim, a pesquisa aborda o discurso dos pacientes em termos de padrões léxico-gramaticais e de padrões semântico-discursivos. Os resultados evidenciam uma tendência de uso muito freqüente de operadores de polaridade negativa e elementos modalizadores, bem como de atribuição de características negativas tanto a si próprios quanto às entidades, lugares, objetos e pessoas em geral. O relato de acontecimentos negativos também foi constante. A projeção de uma identidade investida de poder também pôde ser percebida em alguns momentos de seu discurso, que puderam ser mais claramente identificáveis como instâncias delirantes Lingüística de corpus Lingüística sistêmico-funcional Analise do discurso Corpus (Linguistica) Esquizofrenia Funcionalismo (Linguistica) Gramatica sistematica Discourse Corpus linguistics Systemic-functional linguistics Schizophrenic speakers
43	Funktionell-hirnbildgebende Untersuchung zu endophänotypischen Markern bei erstgradigen Angehörigen schizophrener Patienten / Functional brain imaging study to find endophenotypes in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients Fanelli, Anna 19 November 2013 (has links) In den letzten Jahren wurde es dank der Entwicklung moderner Bildgebungsverfahren möglich, die neuronalen Korrelate kognitiver Arbeitsprozesse teilweise aufzudecken und immer besser zu verstehen. Durch diese Fortschritte ist es heute möglich, diese identifizierten Systeme im Rahmen der Erforschung psychiatrischer Erkrankungen auf Dysregulationen zu untersuchen. Dabei wird seit einigen Jahren der Suche nach Endophänotypen eine tragende Rolle zuteil. Endophänotypen befinden sich dabei intermediär zwischen dem klinischen Phänotyp und dem für die Krankheit kodierenden Genotyp. Ihre Identifizierung soll in Zukunft dazu beitragen, das nach neuesten Erkenntnissen nicht mehr aktuelle psychiatrische Klassifikationssystem zu reformieren und damit eine krankheitsgerechtere Einteilung der einzelnen Diagnosegruppen zu gewährleisten. In diesem Rahmen wurden in der hier vorliegenden Arbeit drei verschiedene neuronale Systeme, die dem Belohnungssystem, dem verbalen sowie visuell-räumlichen Arbeitsgedächtnis und den Aufmerksamkeitsprozessen zugrunde liegen, in Bezug auf ihre Relevanz als potentielle Endophänotypen getestet. 20 erstgradige Angehörige von schizophrenen Patienten unterzogen sich in diesem Zuge einer etwa einstündigen fMRT- Untersuchung, während der sie Aufgaben zur Aktivierung dieser neuronalen Netzwerke lösen sollten. Die dabei gemachten Funde indizieren Dysregulationen verschiedener neuronaler Areale während aller Aufgaben. In Bezug auf vorherige Studien zu Endophänotypen sowohl mit Angehörigen als auch mit Schizophrenen konnten diese Funde in den wissenschaftlichen Hintergrund eingeordnet werden. Dabei konnten einige vielversprechende Beobachtungen festgehalten werden. Es ergaben sich potentielle Endophänotypen in Bereichen neuronaler Hirnstrukturen, die der Verarbeitung von kognitiven Kontrollprozessen zugrunde liegen. Des Weiteren konnte eine Dysregulation vor allem des rechten anterioren Thalamus konstatiert werden. Auch Hyperaktivierungen in Arealen des PFCs und im prämotorischen Kortex konnten ebenfalls durch Funde anderer Studien bestätigt werden. Zusammenfassend stehen die wissenschaftlichen Forschungen zur Endophänotypenfrage wohl noch am Anfang eines langen, jedoch sehr vielversprechenden Weges, der die aktuellen Klassifikationssysteme in Zukunft revolutionieren könnte. Die ersten Schritte sind getan und müssen nun in weiteren, umfangreicheren und möglicherweise auch präziseren Studien fortgeführt werden. 610 Endophänotyp Schizophrenie fMRT Oddball verbales Arbeitsgedächtnis visuelles Arbeitsgedächtnis erstgradige Angehörige Belohnungssystem Endophenotype relatives schizophrenic patients neuro-imaging Oddball verbal working memory visual working memory reward system Medizin (PPN619874732) Psychiatrie (PPN619876344)
44	Strength in a weakened state : interpreting Hizb’allah's experiences as a social movement and governing coalition in Lebanon 1985-2013 Bernhoff, Arthur January 2015 (has links) This study investigates Hizb'allah's successful but competing dual development as an extra-institutional Shi'a social movement and an institutional political party. Hizb'allah has traditionally been studied from the perspective of one of its many natures, such as a social movement, Islamic movement, resistance, or political party, each perspective bringing with it limitations and differing interpretations of its identity, motivations, and success. The motivation behind this research was to seek an interpretation of the movement's development and success that would encompass these multiple natures. Through an interpretation of social movement ‘life-cycles', a social movement ‘development model' is proposed that accounts for contradicting theories on the ‘success' of social movements, interpreting success instead as an ability to exhibit simultaneous institutional and extra-institutional natures. The hypothesis provided in this work is that it is an ability to simultaneously exhibit institutional and extra-institutional natures that can be a source of strength and success for a movement, drawing capital from both while avoiding accountability that typically accompanies institutional politics. This challenges traditional theoretical approaches in terms of linear life-cycles with few paths for the social movement to choose from. In turn, questions arise regarding notions of social movement life-cycles being uni-directional, continuously progressing towards ‘institutionalization' or demise. Ideas of an ‘end-date' or ‘inevitable outcome' of social movements are also confronted. This interdisciplinary study is conducted by means of media, archival, and empirical research (participant observation, interviews, and surveys), focusing on changing constituent perceptions of the movement between 1985 and 2013. It is also argued that Hizb'allah's strength is its ability to draw from both extra-institutional and institutional resources while simultaneously avoiding accountability. However, it was also found that, by forming the 2011 governing coalition, the movement upset this balance by subjecting itself to accountability inherent in governance, in turn leading to ‘schizophrenic behaviour' as Hizb'allah sought to serve conflicting constituent and state interests. The significance of this research is that it not only provides an explanation for Hizb'allah's success, but also provides an interpretation of social movement development that accounts for multi-natured movements. 320.95692
45	'n Ondersoek na uitbeeldings van skisofrenie-verwante elemente in geselekteerde kontemporêre videokunswerke (Afrikaans) Luneburg, Nathani 09 December 2011 (has links) This study focuses on the following schizophrenic related elements to be found in the postmodern society and to be represented in selected contemporary video artworks: 1) creation of an alternative world and 2) disturbance in meaning. To confirm that the creation of an alternative world and disturbance in meaning is present in postmodern society, the following elements are investigated as symptoms of schizophrenia and characteristics present in contemporary society: 1) fragmentation, 2) withdrawal from reality, 3) misinterpretation of memories and 3) the creation of 'word salad'. In order to draw a parallel between schizophrenia and the postmodern society, the postmodern theories of Simon Gottschalk, Fredric Jameson, Kenneth Gergen, Jean Baudrillard, Andreas Huyssen, Gilles Deleuze en Paul Virilio as well as the medical studies involving schizophrenia by the Schizophrenia Foundation of South Africa, the University of Iowa se Department of Healthcare and D Sue, DW Sue en S Sue are used. In both conditions of schizophrenia and postmodern society, reality and meaning are altered. This study concludes that schizophrenic related elements are present in the postmodern society and therefore these elements are represented in the selected video artworks of the artists Eija-Liisa Ahtila and myself.AFRIKAANS : Hierdie studie fokus op die skisofrenie-verwante elemente wat voorkom in die postmoderne samelewing naamlik: 1) alternatiewe wêreldskepping en 2) versteuring in betekenisgewing en wat uitgebeeld word in geselekteerde kontemporêre videokunswerke. Fragmentering, onttrekking van realiteit, waninterpretasie van herinneringe en die skepping van 'woordslaai' word as simptome van skisofrenie en as kenmerkende eienskappe in die postmoderne samelewing ondersoek om die argument te versterk dat alternatiewe wêreldskepping en versteuring in betekenisgewing teenwoordig is in die postmoderne samelewing. Die postmoderne teorieë van Simon Gottschalk, Fredric Jameson, Kenneth Gergen, Jean Baudrillard, Andreas Huyssen, Gilles Deleuze en Paul Virilio sowel as die mediese studies deur die Schizophrenia Foundation of South Africa, die University of Iowa se Department of Healthcare en D Sue, DW Sue en S Sue aangaande skisofrenie, word gebruik om parallelle tussen die postmoderne samelewing en die mediese toestand van skisofrenie in hierdie studie te trek. Daar word vasgestel dat realiteit en betekenis in beide toestande van skisofrenie en die postmoderne samelewing verbuig en hervorm word. Die gevolgtrekking van hierdie studie is dat skisofrenie-verwante elemente wel voorkom in die kontemporêre samelewing en dus uitgebeeld word in die geselekteerde videokunswerke van die kunstenaars Eija-Liisa Ahtila en myself. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Visual Arts / unrestricted Gedesentraliseerde individu Self Liggaam Oorblootstelling aan tegnologie Tegnologie Fragmentering Alternatiewe wêreldskepping Postmoderne individu Postmoderne samelewing Skisofreen Skisofrenie Chain of meaning Word salad Amnesia Obsession with memory Memory Disturbance in meaning Virtual reality Withdrawal from reality Desentalised individual Self Body Saturation by technology Technology Creation of an alternative world Postmodern individual Postmodern society Schizophrenia Schizophrenic Onttrekking van realiteit Elektroniese skerm Virtuele realiteit Versteuring in betekenisgewing Herinneringe Vergryping aan herinneringe Vergetelheid Woordslaai Ketting van betekenis UCTD

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