Pour de nombreux pays européens, ces dernières années ont été marquées par l’introduction des Enseignements Scientifiques Fondés sur l’Investigation (ESFI) dans les programmes scolaires. Deux objectifs sont poursuivis : offrir une image « plus conforme » de l’activité scientifique et éveiller l’intérêt des élèves en mettant l’accent sur leur rôle actif dans le processus d’apprentissage. Parallèlement à l’introduction de ces démarches, la mise en œuvre d’évaluations formatives ouvre une voie prometteuse pour répondre à ces objectifs. Elles sont en effet susceptibles de développer l’autorégulation des apprentissages des élèves et de constituer une aide pertinente pour les enseignants afin de réguler leur enseignement (Allal & Mottier Lopez, 2007 ; Clark, 2012 ; Wiliam, 2010). Cette recherche doctorale traite des impacts de différentes modalités d’évaluation formative sur l’autorégulation des apprentissages des élèves dans le cadre spécifique des ESFI. Deux enjeux ont guidé ce travail. Le premier, empirique, concernait l’analyse des pratiques évaluatives des enseignants et de leurs effets sur les processus d’autorégulation. Le second visait la mise au point d’une méthodologie qui permette d’analyser les variables étudiées. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé par enregistrements vidéo de séances de classe et construit des grilles d’indicateurs nous permettant d’analyser les processus in situ. Différentes situations d’enseignement ont été comparées. La première correspondait aux évaluations formatives telles que les enseignants la mettent en œuvre dans leurs pratiques quotidiennes. La deuxième concernait les pratiques évaluatives mises en œuvre par les mêmes enseignants l’année suivante, après qu’un retour réflexif sur leur séance ait été conduit. Nous montrons un meilleur équilibre dans l’usage des différentes modalités d’évaluation formative dans la deuxième situation, notamment vers une plus grande responsabilisation des élèves et mise en avant des pairs en tant que ressource. Les élèves font aussi preuve d’une autorégulation de leur comportement plus efficace au regard d’un temps passé à produire des stratégies de résolution plus important et d’un meilleur engagement dans la tâche. Des manques sont néanmoins relevés quant à la façon d’intégrer formellement l’outil d’autoévaluation à l’activité des élèves. Des pistes d’action pour combiner efficacement l’évaluation aux différentes tâches d’apprentissage sont alors proposées. / Since a few years, in many European countries, Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) has impacted science curriculums. Two goals are at stake: to provide an image of scientific activity more consistent with the actual activity of scientists, and to arouse students' interest by emphasizing their active role in the learning process. With the introduction of these measures, the implementation of formative assessments opens a promising way to meet these goals. They are in fact likely to develop students’ self-regulation and to provide relevant feedbacks for teachers to regulate their teaching (Allal & Mottier Lopez, 2007; Clark, 2012; Wiliam, 2010). This doctoral research focuses on the impacts of different modalities of formative assessment on students’ self-regulation in the specific context of IBSE. Two issues have guided this work. The first one, of empirical nature, aimed at analyzing the evaluation practices of teachers and their effects on the self-regulatory process. The second one was the development of a methodology to analyze the variables at stake. To do this, we proceeded by recording videos of class sessions and constructed an indicator grid which allowed us to analyze in situ process. Different teaching situations were compared. The first corresponded to formative assessments such as teachers implement it in their daily practices. The second concerned the assessment practices implemented by the same teachers the following year, after a workshop where teachers were invited to reflect on their practice. Our results show a better balance in the use of different formative assessment methods in the second situation, especially towards a greater empowerment of students and better taking account peers as resources. Students also demonstrate more efficient self-regulation of their behavior in the light of a greater time spent to produce solving strategies and a better commitment to the task. The question of how to formally integrate the self-assessment tool to student activity is still pending. Some ideas to effectively combine the evaluation with different learning tasks are thus proposed.

Submitted by PPGE PPGE (pgedu@ufba.br) on 2015-01-09T17:04:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado.pdf: 1836090 bytes, checksum: 83c8343196ceb18544d6a871c28e0ba9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2015-01-27T18:22:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado.pdf: 1836090 bytes, checksum: 83c8343196ceb18544d6a871c28e0ba9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-27T18:22:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado.pdf: 1836090 bytes, checksum: 83c8343196ceb18544d6a871c28e0ba9 (MD5) / CAPES / A presente dissertação teve como objetivo desenvolver uma discussão sobre as políticas de formação de professores da Educação Básica implementadas no Brasil, especificando aquelas voltadas à formação continuada e particularizando esta discussão em um estudo sobre as contribuições do Programa Gestar no Estado da Bahia, percebidas por uma amostra de profissionais que participaram e participam de suas ações, no que se refere à melhoria da sua formação e das suas práticas docentes. Partindo da apresentação do cenário que se constituiu o pano de fundo para as análises desenvolvidas ao longo do trabalho e dos motivos que levaram à escolha deste objeto de estudo, o trabalho desenvolve um debate sobre as políticas de formação continuada no Brasil. Em seguida, analisa a constituição do Programa na perspectiva nacional, concentrando em capítulo próprio na caracterização do Gestar no Estado da Bahia, suas reconfigurações, seus desdobramentos e sua funcionalidade. Em tópico específico analisa as percepções de um grupo de professores sobre a contribuição do programa para o seu desempenho pedagógico. Em termos de metodologia optamos por uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, utilizando uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema, análise documental e um estudo empírico a partir de uma amostra aleatória de professores que participaram do programa, sendo aplicados questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados sugerem que o programa teve significativas alterações na sua composição em relação ao programa Gestar II do MEC e que os professores em geral se posicionam favoráveis a sua organização, funcionamento, metodologia e materiais utilizados, embora alguns enumerem algumas dificuldades para o alcance dos seus resultados, o que significa dizer que a formação continuada apenas, não equaciona as questões ligadas à qualidade do ensino-aprendizagem nas escolas. / ABSTRACT This work aimed to develop a policy discussion of teacher education Basic Education implemented in Brazil, specifying those related to continuing education and particularizing this discussion in a study on the influence of Gestar Program in the state of Bahia, perceived by a sample of professionals who participated and participate in their actions with regard to improving their training and their teaching practices. Starting from the presentation of the scenario that formed the backdrop to the analyzes carried out during the work and the reasons that led to the choic e of study object, the paper develops a debate on the continued education policies in Brazil. Then analyzes the establishment of the Program in national perspective, focusing on own chapter in Gestar characterization of the state of Bahia, his reconfigurations, its consequences and its functionality. In particular topic examines the perceptions of a group of teachers about the program's contribution to their teaching performance. In terms of methodology we chose a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, using a literature review on the topic, document analysis and an empirical study based on a random sample of teachers who participated in the program, questionnaires and interviews being applied. The results suggest that the program had significant changes in their composition in relation to the MEC Gestar II program and that teachers in general are favorable position your organization, operation, methodology and materials used, although some name some difficulties to reach their results, which means that the only continuing education, does not discuss issues related to the quality of teaching and learning in schools.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 valentim_fod_me_mar.pdf: 941689 bytes, checksum: 44ea1c78c734a1d350333444c90701d2 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Com a proposta de inclusão escolar, divulgada mais fortemente a partir da década de 1990, no Brasil, surge a preocupação em revisar os papéis que a escola comum passa a desempenhar, frente a essa nova realidade. Tal movimento implica profundas mudanças na concepção de educação e, consequentemente, nas concepções sobre ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação. A prática usual de avaliação da aprendizagem, desenvolvida nas escolas, tem-se mostrado, predominantemente, restrita à mensuração e à utilização de instrumentos que pouco contribuem para a prática pedagógica do professor e, dessa forma, se constituem em práticas pouco favoráveis à inclusão do aluno com deficiência intelectual. A avaliação da aprendizagem deve ser capaz de identificar o potencial de aprendizagem dos alunos, indicar suas necessidades e oferecer subsídios ao planejamento da prática pedagógica do professor. Diante disso, esta pesquisa teve por objetivos identificar e analisar como vem sendo desenvolvida a avaliação da aprendizagem escolar, nas escolas municipais do Ensino Fundamental – ciclo I, de uma cidade do interior paulista, para os alunos com deficiência intelectual, assim como apresentar aos seus professores o Referencial sobre Avaliação da Aprendizagem na área da Deficiência Intelectual – RAADI (SÃO PAULO, 2008), acompanhando e analisando as implicações da aplicabilidade de tal instrumento, na escola, focando as expectativas curriculares de Língua Portuguesa. Para a realização deste estudo, foi selecionado um grupo-amostra de 6 professores que tinham alunos com deficiência intelectual matriculados em suas turmas. De tal grupo, 3 professores fizeram a aplicação do Referencial com seus alunos com deficiência intelectual. Além disso, os procedimentos metodológicos compreenderam também um roteiro de entrevistas inicial com todos os participantes e um roteiro de entrevistas... / By means of the school inclusion proposal, more seriously considered from the 1990s in Brazil, there appears the concern in reviewing the roles that the common school is to play before this new reality. Such movement involves deep changes in the conception of education and consequently in the conceptions of teaching, learning and evaluation. The usual practice of learning evaluation, developed in schools, has proven to be predominantly restricted to the measurement and use of instruments that contribute little to the educational practice of the teacher and, thus, constituting unfavorable practices to the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities. The evaluation of learning should identify the learning potential of students, indicate their needs and provide subsidies to the planning of the teacher pedagogical practice. Therefore, this research was aimed at identifying and analyzing how the learning evaluation has been developed in Fundamental teaching municipal schools – cycle I, in an inner city of São Paulo State, for students with intellectual disabilities, as well as at presenting The Guidelines on Learning Evaluation in the Intellectual Deficiency area – RAADI (SÃO PAULO, 2008) to teachers, following and analyzing the implications of the applicability of such instrument in school, focusing on curricular expectations of the Portuguese language. For this study, it was selected a sample group of six teachers, who had students with intellectual disabilities, enrolled in their classes. From this group, three teachers made the application of the Guidelines with intellectual disabled students. Moreover, the methodological procedures also included an initial set of interviews with all participants and a final set of interviews only with those who participated in the intervention. The results of the initial interviews indicated conceptions still fairly limited and individual... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Anna Augusta Sampaio de Oliveira / Banca: Sadao Omote / Banca: Márcia Denise Pletsch / Resumo: Com a proposta de inclusão escolar, divulgada mais fortemente a partir da década de 1990, no Brasil, surge a preocupação em revisar os papéis que a escola comum passa a desempenhar, frente a essa nova realidade. Tal movimento implica profundas mudanças na concepção de educação e, consequentemente, nas concepções sobre ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação. A prática usual de avaliação da aprendizagem, desenvolvida nas escolas, tem-se mostrado, predominantemente, restrita à mensuração e à utilização de instrumentos que pouco contribuem para a prática pedagógica do professor e, dessa forma, se constituem em práticas pouco favoráveis à inclusão do aluno com deficiência intelectual. A avaliação da aprendizagem deve ser capaz de identificar o potencial de aprendizagem dos alunos, indicar suas necessidades e oferecer subsídios ao planejamento da prática pedagógica do professor. Diante disso, esta pesquisa teve por objetivos identificar e analisar como vem sendo desenvolvida a avaliação da aprendizagem escolar, nas escolas municipais do Ensino Fundamental - ciclo I, de uma cidade do interior paulista, para os alunos com deficiência intelectual, assim como apresentar aos seus professores o Referencial sobre Avaliação da Aprendizagem na área da Deficiência Intelectual - RAADI (SÃO PAULO, 2008), acompanhando e analisando as implicações da aplicabilidade de tal instrumento, na escola, focando as expectativas curriculares de Língua Portuguesa. Para a realização deste estudo, foi selecionado um grupo-amostra de 6 professores que tinham alunos com deficiência intelectual matriculados em suas turmas. De tal grupo, 3 professores fizeram a aplicação do Referencial com seus alunos com deficiência intelectual. Além disso, os procedimentos metodológicos compreenderam também um roteiro de entrevistas inicial com todos os participantes e um roteiro de entrevistas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: By means of the school inclusion proposal, more seriously considered from the 1990s in Brazil, there appears the concern in reviewing the roles that the common school is to play before this new reality. Such movement involves deep changes in the conception of education and consequently in the conceptions of teaching, learning and evaluation. The usual practice of learning evaluation, developed in schools, has proven to be predominantly restricted to the measurement and use of instruments that contribute little to the educational practice of the teacher and, thus, constituting unfavorable practices to the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities. The evaluation of learning should identify the learning potential of students, indicate their needs and provide subsidies to the planning of the teacher pedagogical practice. Therefore, this research was aimed at identifying and analyzing how the learning evaluation has been developed in Fundamental teaching municipal schools - cycle I, in an inner city of São Paulo State, for students with intellectual disabilities, as well as at presenting The Guidelines on Learning Evaluation in the Intellectual Deficiency area - RAADI (SÃO PAULO, 2008) to teachers, following and analyzing the implications of the applicability of such instrument in school, focusing on curricular expectations of the Portuguese language. For this study, it was selected a sample group of six teachers, who had students with intellectual disabilities, enrolled in their classes. From this group, three teachers made the application of the Guidelines with intellectual disabled students. Moreover, the methodological procedures also included an initial set of interviews with all participants and a final set of interviews only with those who participated in the intervention. The results of the initial interviews indicated conceptions still fairly limited and individual... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T15:09:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 5091661 bytes, checksum: 03cdd0a6de275b04eddcc50e5c3ccf63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study focuses on assessment practices in Science education in elementary school, and the main objective is to analyze the students´ conception of alternative assessment models, especially self-assessment, based on the principles of Ausubel´s theory on Meaningful Verbal Learning. Self-assessment, in this case, happens when the students elaborate Concept maps, and use them as instruments to facilitate learning. The field work focused on the students´ conception of their active participation in the assessment process regarding the content of Mechanic Energy in Natural Sciences. In order to carry out this research, various strategies were used: explanatory class, elaboration of Concept Maps, handling of the learning object, and interviews. The research was supported by the theoretical presuppositions that point to the need to change the scientific work in school and the formative concept of the assessments as a possibility to improve learning, through the Theory of Meaningful Verbal Learning and through the use of the learning object as the pedagogical tendency that facilitates meaningful learning. The methodology applied is an explorative, qualitative approach with field strategies, both in relation to the place where the data was collected and in relation to the cross temporary sources of information. During the collection of data, Concept maps were elaborated by the students and interviews were carried out in order to gather the students´ conceptions of the assessment process. The results show that Concept maps, used as assessment tools, involve the students in an active and meaningful way in the assessment process, which opens possibilities to progress beyond the traditional assessment model based on memorizing information. / A presente pesquisa teve como temática a prática avaliativa na disciplina de Ciências, no Ensino Fundamental, tendo como principal objetivo analisar a concepção de estudantes desse nível de escolaridade acerca da implementação de modelos alternativos de avaliação em Ciências, na perspectiva de auto avaliação, pautada nos princípios da Teoria da Aprendizagem Verbal Significativa Ausubeliana. A auto avaliação, nessa perspectiva, é viabilizada por meio da elaboração de Mapas Conceituais pelo estudante, enquanto instrumento facilitador da aprendizagem. A investigação incidiu sobre a concepção dos estudantes quanto à sua participação no processo avaliativo sobre o conteúdo de Ciências Naturais Energia Mecânica, de forma ativa. Para a efetivação desta pesquisa várias estratégias foram utilizadas: aula explicativa, construção de mapas conceituais, manuseio do objeto de aprendizagem e entrevista. A pesquisa foi subsidiada pelos pressupostos teóricos que apontam para a necessidade de redimensionar o fazer científico na escola, pela concepção formativa de avaliação, enquanto possibilidade de melhoria da aprendizagem, pela Teoria da Aprendizagem Verbal Significativa, pelo uso do OA, enquanto tendência pedagógica facilitadora da aprendizagem significativa. A metodologia utilizada insere-se numa abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratória, com estratégias de campo, tanto em relação ao local de coleta de dados quanto às fontes de informação, sendo de temporalidade transversal. Para coleta de dados, foram utilizados os Mapas Conceituais construídos pelos alunos e a realização de entrevistas, com o intuito de levantar a concepção dos estudantes acerca do processo avaliativo. Os resultados apontaram que os Mapas Conceituais, enquanto ferramentas avaliativas, propiciam um envolvimento ativo do estudante no processo, estimulando sua aprendizagem, de modo significativo, oferecendo possibilidades de avanço, na medida em que possibilitam a superação de um modelo de avaliação baseado na memorização de informações.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar e compreender como as dinâmicas escolares elaboradas, gerenciadas e construídas pelas equipes escolares de duas escolas públicas, situadas em um município da região metropolitana de São Paulo (zona oeste), determinam a eficácia escolar no que diz respeito à produção e à concretização da aprendizagem dos seus alunos. A pesquisa partiu do pressuposto de que mudanças efetivas da escola só acontecem se forem construídas a partir do interior da escola e com o envolvimento e a participação dos profissionais inseridos nesse processo. Dessa perspectiva, propôs-se a analisar como os profissionais dessas escolas (diretores e professoras das 4as séries do ciclo I do ensino fundamental) vivenciam a construção do processo formativoeducativo, visando à eficácia e à efetividade escolar. Com base nos resultados da Prova Brasil (cuja avaliação serviu apenas como referência inicial para o trabalho empírico), foram escolhidas duas escolas dentre as que apresentaram aumento dos índices de desempenho na prova de 2007, comparada com a de 2005. As análises iniciais levaram a perceber que as escolas buscavam construir ações que corroborassem os resultados dos testes, e isso se refletia nos bons resultados alcançados tanto nas avaliações externas como nas internas. Buscou-se, então, identificar como os diretores e as professoras das 4as séries do ensino fundamental dessas escolas se organizam para manter as condições que resultam em índices satisfatórios de aprendizagem escolar, focalizando a compreensão que eles têm a respeito desse processo. Os dados obtidos por meio de entrevistas confirmam a presença dos fatores que a literatura aponta como determinantes da eficácia escolar, todavia, com grande ênfase sobre as relações escola-família. Em face disso, privilegiou-se esse aspecto nas análises. Ficou evidenciado que as escolas estudadas desenvolvem diferentes práticas e estratégias para estreitar seus vínculos com as famílias com vistas a obter um melhor aprendizado dos alunos. Contudo, os diretores e as professoras entrevistados entendem que a maior responsabilidade pelo não sucesso escolar dos alunos deve-se à família, sobretudo, ao seu nível socioeconômico e à não participação dos pais na vida escolar dos filhos. Seus discursos revelam traços de ideologias que disseminam concepções hegemônicas, normativas e idealizadas da família, levando-os a entender que a desestrutura familiar é o mais forte determinante do fracasso escolar dos alunos. Esses dados não são conclusivos, mas indicativos dos modos como a escola tem traduzido e operacionalizado as propostas atuais que pressionam/estimulam os sistemas de ensino a estabelecerem vínculos mais fortes e efetivos com a família. Espera-se que tais elementos favoreçam uma compreensão maior do processo de construção da eficácia escolar e subsidiem a atuação das equipes escolares a desenvolverem, de modo crítico, ações de maior protagonismo por parte dos diferentes segmentos que almejam transformar a instituição escolar hoje. / This work has as its objective to analyze and understand how the school dynamics created, managed, and constructed by the school staff from two public schools located in a municipality from the (western region of the) Metropolitan Area of São Paulo determine the school effectiveness concerning the production and materialization of their pupils\' learning. The study started with the assumption that effective changes of the school can only happen if they are built from within the school, and with the participation and commitment of the professionals included in the process. From such perspective, the study set out to analyze how the staff from these two schools (principals and teachers of the 4th grade of the First Cycle of Fundamental Education) experience the construction of the formative-educative process aiming at school efficacy and effectiveness. Based on the results from Prova Brasil [Brazil Exam] (whose assessment served only as an initial reference for the empirical work), two schools were chosen from among those that presented improved performance levels in 2007 as compared to 2005. Initial analyses revealed that these schools were trying to build actions that corroborated the test results, and that was reflected in the good results they achieved both in internal and in external assessments. An effort was then made to identify how the principals and 4th grade teachers from these two schools organized themselves to sustain the conditions that resulted in satisfactory levels of pupil learning, focusing on the understanding they have of the process. The information gathered from interviews confirmed the presence of the factors pointed out in the literature as decisive for school effectiveness, revealing, however, a strong emphasis on family-school relations. In view of these results, the study privileged this aspect in the analyses. It became clear that the schools researched develop several practices and strategies to keep close links with the families, with the purpose of improving pupil learning. However, the principals and teachers interviewed were seen to understand that the larger responsibility for pupil failure lies with the family, particularly with their socioeconomic level, and with the lack of participation of the parents in their children\'s school life. Their discourse betrays the influence of remnants of ideologies that help disseminating hegemonic, normative, and idealized conceptions of family, leading them to believe that an \"unstructured family\" is the sharpest determinant of pupils\' school failure. These are not conclusive data, but indications of the ways in which the school has translated and put in operation the current policies that push the system schools to establish stronger and more effective ties with families. It is hoped that such results may lead to a better understanding of the process of construction of school effectiveness, offering elements for the work of school teams to develop, in a critical manner, actions of a higher degree of protagonism from the various segments that currently seek to transform the school institution.

The Internet has become a natural element in society and is constantly gaining ground in schools. The aim of this paper is to find out whether upper secondary school students in Sweden estimate that their Internet use affects their second language learning positively. The study was operationalized by means of a self-completion questionnaire which was distributed to 80 students from the same school. The results show that most of the informants estimated that they spend much time on the Internet in general, most often reading the news, and that they use Swedish and English to almost the same extent doing so.  The students' English use in school is estimated to be voluntary and controlled while the Internet is mostly used voluntarily for English homework. Besides engaging in information search both in school and at home, a considerable number of students estimate that translation is an activity exclusively for homework. Most students also find that they are receptive Internet users and that their general Internet use is in line with the comprehensive aims of the English subject listed in the curriculum. / Internet har blivit en naturlig del av samhället och är på ständig frammarsch i skolorna. Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta reda på om gymnasieelever i Sverige anser att användningen av internet påverkar deras andraspråksinlärning positivt. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av en enkät som delades ut till 80 elever från samma skola. Resultaten visar att de flesta av de tillfrågade ansåg att de tillbringar mycket tid på Internet, främst för nyhetssökningar, och att de använder både svenska och engelska. Elevernas användning av internet på engelsklektionerna i skolan tros vara både frivillig och kontrollerad medan internet används mest frivilligt för engelskläxor. Förutom att genomföra informationssökningar både i skolan och hemma, anser ett relativt stort antal elever att översättning utförs nästan uteslutande för läxor. De flesta elever anser dessutom att de är receptiva internetanvändare och att deras allmänna internetanvändning påverkar de förmågor som de ska tillägna sig i engelska enligt läroplanen positivt.

In der beruflichen Bildung stellt sich in besonderer Weise die Frage nach dem Verhältnis der idealtypischen Lernorte Betrieb und Berufsschule. Obwohl dieser Duplizität der Lernorte offenbar eine besondere bildende Kraft innewohnt, reichen die Forderungen, diese Zweiheit zu gestalten von der radikalen Trennung bis hin zur vollständigen Abstimmung der jeweiligen Aktivitäten von Lehren und Lernen. Richtigerweise wurden von Tenberg, Aprea und Pittich (2012) in einem grundlegenden Positionspapier diese instrumentellen Vorschläge als empirisch gehaltlos kritisiert. Zwischenzeitlich gibt es eine nähere Untersuchung der faktischen Verhältnisse. Dafür wurde an der TU Chemnitz im Rahmen der von eben diesen Autoren federführend lancierten europäischen ConVet-Studie zunächst eine Dokumentenanalyse durchgeführt. Dieses wurde um eine Befragung von Auszubildenden/ Schülerinnen und Schülern sowie von deren Ausbildern und Lehrkräften erweitert. Als ein erster wesentlicher Hinweis ist diesen Untersuchungen zu entnehmen, dass die eine Konnektivität höherer Ordnung bzw. eine abgeschwächte Hypothese der Komplementarität Anspruch auf Gültigkeit besitzen könnten. Die Dokumentenstudie und die Pilotbefragung sollen Grundlage für weitere Studien quantitativer Ausrichtung sein, die einen quantitativ deutlich weitergesteckten Probandenrahmen umfassen sollen.

This thesis focuses on the indicators of quality of education. The indicators are learning exercises the aim of which is to prove whether the tested pupils reached the level of knowledge defined by the national curriculum and listed in the Framework Education Programme. While learning Chemistry, the students should master the key competencies and educational objectives from the education area "Man and Nature" and further from the subject of Chemistry. The thesis focuses on the evidence of reaching the educational goals in Chemistry within the scope of General Chemistry. Since the level of knowledge defined by the Framework Education Programme is not very specific, the author of this thesis decided to settle the educational goals for the subject of General Chemistry based on the study of expert literature and curricular documents. Furthermore, the author also suggests a system of indicators which can be used to verify reaching these goals by the pupils of the secondary schools. The thesis also includes one of the models of working with such indicators. The indicator system was first assessed by a focus group (Chemistry teachers and experts in Didactics of Chemistry). This focus group evaluated the content and the construct validity of the suggested indicators. Afterwards, some of the learning...

In this thesis I deal with mediation as a method of social and educational work. Due to their professional teaching practice is a mediation in schools, particularly at primary school. It also focuses on the issue of adequate use of mediation in solving problems and conflict situations. In the practical part of the thesis proposes a project that can be implemented at the elementary school Stoliňská. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)