This diploma theses aims to examine the benefits of the method Wanda as a tool of the learning organization in primary school. The theoretical part focuses on the professional development of teachers, deals with the concept of learning organization and conditions of its application in primary schools and describes Wanda method and its use in teachers collective. The research part presents information about Wanda seminars for primary school teachers obtained from three sources - observation, questionnaire surveys and interviews with participants. It examines benefits and challenges of the method in specific cases and besides the positives and the pitfalls of the method it studies the conditions necessary for successful completion of Wanda seminars. Key words: primary school, learning organization, school development, professional development, communities of practice, learning communities, self-reflection, Wanda method, support, sharing

Nous nous proposons d’étudier, dans cette thèse, une question essentielle et relativement peu traitée dans les recherches françaises en sciences de l’éducation, elle concerne la genèse des acquisitions des élèves et leur évolution au cours de la scolarité. En nous appuierons sur la mobilisation des données longitudinales (panel 1997) ainsi que sur la mise en œuvre d'une expérimentation musicale à l'école maternelle, nous chercherons à répondre à ces questions : Comment se structurent et évoluent les premiers apprentissages des élèves dans le contexte scolaire et socioéconomique ? En quoi les capacités cognitives des élèves ont un impact sur leurs performances scolaires ? Est-ce que des activités spécifiques peuvent avoir un effet positif sur les compétences scolaires, via un accroissement des capacités cognitives ? Des analyses implicatives menées sur les données du panel ont mis en évidence la hiérarchisation des compétences des élèves et l’importance des capacités cognitives sur leur rendement scolaire. La revue de littérature regorge d’exemples probants qui attestent qu’il est possible d’accroitre les performances scolaires des élèves en développant certaines de ces capacités cognitives, et que la musique est un outil particulièrement efficace en ce sens. Nous avons donc cherché à tester empiriquement l’impact de la musique sur les capacités cognitives et sur les performances scolaires des élèves en effectuant une recherche expérimentale. Elle repose sur une méthodologie robuste qui garanti la validité des résultats qui en sont issus. Si les résultats des analyses de différence de différences, confirmés par les modèles de réponse à l’item, sont peu concluants quant à l’impact de la musique sur les progressions des capacités cognitives, nous avons montré et vérifié via le modèle d’Heckman que le traitement expérimental a un effet sur les performances scolaires des élèves. / We propose to study in this thesis, a key issue and relatively little discussed in the French research in educational sciences, it concerns the genesis of pupil learning and their evolution during the tuition. We mobilize a longitudinal data (Panel 1997) and the results of a musical experimentation in kindergarten to answer to these questions: How are structured the first acquisitions of pupils and how is it linked to the school context and socio-economic variables? How the cognitive abilities of students affect their academic performance? Are specific activities can improve academic skills through an increase in cognitive abilities? Implicative analysis conducted on panel data has revealed a hierarchical structure of students' skills and the importance of cognitive skills on academic performance. The review of the literature demonstrates that it is possible to increase the academic performance of students by developing some of these cognitive abilities, and that music is a particularly effective tool in this sense. Therefore, we sought to empirically test the impact of music on cognitive ability and academic performance of students by our experimental research. It relies on a robust methodology which guarantees the validity of results derived from it. The result of difference in differences analyzes, confirmed by item response theory, is inconclusive for the impact of music on the progression of cognitive abilities. However, we have shown and verified via Heckman model that the experimental treatment has an effect on the academic performance of pupils.

VERAS, Neide Fernandes Monteiro. Avaliação do ensino fundamental na modalidade ciclos de formação: caracterização e contextualização 2000-2005. 2007. 235f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-10T13:47:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tes_NFMVeras.pdf: 1668717 bytes, checksum: a2093d93bf585ca6a38e751ffec027d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-10T13:54:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tes_NFMVeras.pdf: 1668717 bytes, checksum: a2093d93bf585ca6a38e751ffec027d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-10T13:54:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tes_NFMVeras.pdf: 1668717 bytes, checksum: a2093d93bf585ca6a38e751ffec027d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Assessment of basic education in cyclic formation modalities in the State of Ceará has as its objective to verify how the teaching system accomplished what was demanded by educational politics, established by the Law of Basic Directives for National Education Nº 9394/96, in the National and State Plans for Education, in the National Curriculum Parameters (NCP), in the Developmental School Plan (DSP) and other curriculum and respective pedagogical programs. The imediate object of the study was to analyse, in the light of program assessment, the catalogue of enrolment by age groups, administrative dependance, school results and age-class distortion, through indexes of approval, failure and school abandoment, by furthering a better educational network here in Ceará, through the adoption of cyclic formation. The methods used in this research were bibliographic, cartographic field descriptions and a case study. The methodology followed a semi-quantitive approach, in an effort to verify the tendencies in school efficiency results. It was noted that basic teaching in cyclic formation modalities were consolidating, according to the estabished objectives, approaches and academic school results. There was evidence that the approval rating decreased, especially in view of the fact that school directors undertook as an obligation not to pass students who had not acquired significant learning. This fact was coherent with the data obtained showing that academic failure grew, but school abandonment decreased after a slight increase in 2004. There is a tendency for school abandonment to decrease. / A avaliação do ensino fundamental na modalidade ciclo de formação no estado do Ceará teve por finalidade averiguar como o sistema de ensino vem se efetivando, conforme preconiza as políticas de educação, estabelecidas na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de nº 9394/96, nos Planos Nacional e Estadual de Educação, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs), Referencias Curriculares Básicos, Plano de Desenvolvimento da Escola (PDE), programas curriculares e respectivos projetos pedagógicos. O objetivo do estudo visou analisar, a luz da avaliação de programas, se os índices de matrícula por faixa etária, dependência administrativa, o movimento do rendimento escolar e a distorção idade-série, mediante os índices de aprovação, reprovação e evasão, vêm promovendo a melhoria da educação cearense, em face da adoção dos ciclos de formação. Para tanto, os métodos de pesquisa adotados foram bibliográfico, descritivo em campo nas vertentes cartográficas e estudo de caso. A metodologia segue a abordagem quali-quantitativa, adotando o coorte, numa série histórica, com vistas a verificar as tendências do rendimento escolar. Constatou-se que o ensino fundamental na modalidade ciclos de formação vem se consolidando de acordo com as metas estabelecidas, no que diz respeito ao movimento e rendimento escolares. Há evidências de que o índice de aprovação decresceu, em face do compromisso tácito dos gestores escolares a não propiciar aprovação sem aprendizagem significativa. Este fato demonstra a coerência dos dados relativos à reprovação que vem crescendo, porém, os índices de abandono (evasão) demonstram decréscimos, com uma ligeira ascendência no ano de 2004, mas a tendência é diminuir.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RudsonEGS_TESE.pdf: 3913839 bytes, checksum: 4e46f62ffc9f1592a99a5b010993ac51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-04 / This exploratory study aims to present some readings as Doy? (2003), Carrasco Perea (2003), Melo Ara?jo e S? (2004), Chavagne (2009) and Alas-Martins (2010; 2011) which helped to confirm some ways for showing that a plurilingual environment can enable a trend in improving the understanding of written texts in the mother tongue, and can collaborate on a better perception of the world around a person with all their different nuances. The study describes the methodology and some results of our doctoral research that resulted in the insertion of the experimental discipline called Intercomprehension of Romanic Languages (ILR) in the curriculum in the city of Natal / RN / Brazil, and it was justified because of high functional illiteracy degree among young people up to 15 years old according to the educational data from IBGE research on 2010. The results were verified through an experimental action-research which was characterized by Lewin (1946); Nunan (1992); Thiollent (1994) and Trip (2005) in two schools: Professoara Terezinha Paulino de Lima (municipal school) and Professora Ana Julia de Carvalho Mousinho (State of Rio Grande do Norte), with 95 students from the final years of primary education. The corpus of this research was subjected to a series of condensed techniques like the nonparametric test from Kruskal and Wallis (1952) and the parametric test ANOVA as an effort to provide statistical significance to the analysis of the results indicated in the book of ILR activities. The research presented some skill views about reading comprehension of written texts according to perspective of Ringbow (1987), Giacobbe (1990), Alarc?o (1991; 2009a and 2009b), Corder (1992), Castellotti (2001) and Degache (2003), and the possibilities of transfer these skills for learning Portuguese as pointed out by Meissner, Klein and Stegmann (2004); it indicates a positive trend towards the understanding of LM according to analyzing the scores of written tests and texts by participants in solving tasks / Neste estudo explorat?rio, apresentamos algumas leituras como em Doy? (2003), Carrasco Perea (2003), Melo, Ara?jo e S? (2004), Chavagne (2009) e Alas-Martins (2010; 2011) com o objetivo de verificarmos alguns tra?os de como a abordagem pluril?ngue pode constituir-se em uma tend?ncia na melhoria da compreens?o da escrita de textos em l?ngua materna (LM), e quanto pode colaborar para uma melhor percep??o do sujeito quanto ao mundo ao seu redor com todas as suas diferentes nuances. Consiste em descrever a metodologia e alguns resultados de pesquisa que proporcionaram a inser??o experimental da disciplina denominada de Intercompreens?o de L?nguas Rom?nicas (ILR) na matriz curricular no munic?pio de Natal/RN/Brasil tendo como justificativa o elevado grau de analfabetismo funcional observado entre jovens de at? 15 anos, segundo dados do IBGE de 2010. Os resultados foram verificados por meio de pesquisa-a??o experimental mista caracterizada por Lewin (1946), Nunan (1992), Thiollent (1994) e Trip (2005) na Escola Municipal Professora Terezinha Paulino de Lima e na Escola Estadual Professora Ana Julia de Carvalho Mousinho, com 95 alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental. O corpus decorrente desta investiga??o foi submetido a uma s?rie de t?cnicas condensadas, como o teste n?o param?trico de Kruskal e Wallis (1952) e o teste param?trico ANOVA, em esfor?o para conferir um maior rigor ? an?lise dos resultados apontados pelo caderno de atividades de ILR. O estudo possibilitou a investiga??o de estrat?gias de compreens?o de l?nguas sob a perspectiva de autores como Ringbow (1987), Giacobbe (1990), Alarc?o (1991; 2009a e 2009b), Corder (1992), Castellotti (2001) e Degache (2003), al?m da transfer?ncia dessas compet?ncias para a aprendizagem do portugu?s como apontado por Meissner, Klein e Stegmann (2004); indicou uma tend?ncia positiva quanto ? compreens?o da LM por meio da an?lise de escores de provas e descri??es escritas realizadas pelos participantes na resolu??o de tarefas

Education is an important part of the development of, and democratic processes in, any society. This study aims to explore the experiences of studying in a program combining two types of schools in Swedish, University College and Folk High School. In the theory section of the study, the similarities and differences of the two types of schools are described, as well as the prerequisites under which they operate. The study uses the sociocultural perspective as its starting point.The program is described as a unity with three parts; local congregation, Folk High School and University College. The respondents do report differing perceptions on how unified the educational form actually is. They do, however, mostly express positive views of the program as well as a large willingness to recommend it to others, and generally describe the program as both substantial and well crafted. The analysis shows how didactics and methodology from both types of schools are being used, and how this too is being perceived differently by the respondents.The study shows that this combination of two types of schools is being perceived as a positive for both the students’ learning and coming working life, and that it facilitates an educational form with more learning tools than the type of school individually could offer. Previous research also shows that this type of combination has a positive impact on learning, as well as the importance of a good study environment and general well-being to achieve good study results. However, the study also notes the relatively small amount of previous research into the field of adult education, pointing to the need for continued research into this field, to further our understanding of how to create good learning environments. / <p>Betygsdatum 2021-06-07</p>

In der beruflichen Bildung stellt sich in besonderer Weise die Frage nach dem Verhältnis der idealtypischen Lernorte Betrieb und Berufsschule. Obwohl dieser Duplizität der Lernorte offenbar eine besondere bildende Kraft innewohnt, reichen die Forderungen, diese Zweiheit zu gestalten von der radikalen Trennung bis hin zur vollständigen Abstimmung der jeweiligen Aktivitäten von Lehren und Lernen. Richtigerweise wurden von Tenberg, Aprea und Pittich (2012) in einem grundlegenden Positionspapier diese instrumentellen Vorschläge als empirisch gehaltlos kritisiert. Zwischenzeitlich gibt es eine nähere Untersuchung der faktischen Verhältnisse. Dafür wurde an der TU Chemnitz im Rahmen der von eben diesen Autoren federführend lancierten europäischen ConVet-Studie zunächst eine Dokumentenanalyse durchgeführt. Dieses wurde um eine Befragung von Auszubildenden/ Schülerinnen und Schülern sowie von deren Ausbildern und Lehrkräften erweitert. Als ein erster wesentlicher Hinweis ist diesen Untersuchungen zu entnehmen, dass die eine Konnektivität höherer Ordnung bzw. eine abgeschwächte Hypothese der Komplementarität Anspruch auf Gültigkeit besitzen könnten. Die Dokumentenstudie und die Pilotbefragung sollen Grundlage für weitere Studien quantitativer Ausrichtung sein, die einen quantitativ deutlich weitergesteckten Probandenrahmen umfassen sollen.:1 Problemaufriss: Duale Ausbildung und Lernortkonnektivität 3 2 Zu den Theoriekonstrukten Konnektivität und Komplementarität 4 2.1 Aspekte einer differenzierten Konnektivität zwischen den Lernorten 4 2.2 Faktische Aspekte einer organisierten Verbindung durch Kooperation 6 2.3 Kooperation als Versuch der Stärkung einer Verbindung der Lernorte 8 2.4 Komplementarität als Versuch der Erklärung des Lernens an zwei Lernorten 9 3 Zur Methodologie des Forschungsansatzes 10 3.1 Methodisches Vorgehen in der Forschungsgruppe 11 3.2 Methodisches Vorgehen in der vorliegenden Studie 12 3.3 Ergebnisse der Inhaltsanalyse und ihre Interpretation 15 3.3.1 Verbindungen zwischen schulischem und betrieblichem Lernen 16 3.3.2 Aufgaben der Akteure der beruflichen Bildung 17 3.3.3 Instrumente zur Unterstützung von Konnektivität 18 4 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 21 Literatur 23 Anhang 1: Konstanzer Protokoll (Auszug) 25 Anhang 2: Fragebogen mit Leitfragen zur Pilotstudie 26

The digital age has re-shaped the landscape of creative writing. One example of the changes that have taken place is the way in which millions of young people, globally, now write and share stories as online fanfiction. This is an out-of-school leisure pastime that can also help improve language skills (Aragon &amp; Davis, 2019; Black, 2008). English taught as a second language (i.e. L2) in schools can be less authentic, less motivational and engaging than English used in free-time situations (extramural English, Sundqvist, 2009); thus, there is a need to “bridge the gap” between the English taught in the formal setting of school and the English encountered in informal settings (Swedish Schools Inspectorate, 2011). This licentiate thesis focuses on extramural English creative writing and aims to raise understanding about the ways it can motivate and engage. Also, the issue of L2 English is addressed in relation to pupils’ perspectives of their informal learning as well as their insights into creative writing and challenge in the school subject of English. The participants in the study were thirteen teenage pupils of Swedish secondary and upper-secondary schools who write creatively in English in their free time. Their writing included stories, comics, poems and songs, and some of this work was published online. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, and it was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The findings confirm that writing can be closely related to reading, as participants were motivated by stories they wished to imitate and adapt. Also, the results show how teenage creative writers were able to use networked communication to access a large global readership. There was a strong motivation to write for pleasure – for oneself – and this writing, and enjoyment, could subsequently be shared with others. The free-time writing activity was fun, playful and imaginative, and also aided understanding of the participants’ own experiences and emotions. The state of flow (Csíkszentmihályi, 1990) was an aspect of the pupils’ engagement with creative writing as well. The activity was rewarding as it brought praise, enabled role-play, involved social contacts, and opened the way to new affiliations and friendships. Moreover, the pupils considered that their language learning was enriched through their free-time creative writing. Finally, the participants offered valuable insights into aspects of English as a school subject: there was some creative writing in English lessons, but there was a need for both more creative writing and more challenge.

There have been many different studies done around the subject of Extramural English, where researchers Sundqvist and Sylvén (2012) have drawn the conclusion that there is a correlation between video games and learners of English improving upon their English vocabulary. This study focuses time spent on whether or not playing video games for an extended amount of time will help with a student’s English vocabulary. This was done by having the students answer a demographic questionnaire in which they answer whether or not they regularly play video games, and answers approximately how many hours a week they do play. The study is looking for a correlation between improved vocabulary scores and longer periods of time spent playing video games every week. The study also looks into specific vocabulary that is commonly found in video games and compares different groups which have spent different amounts of time each week playing video games. Do video games help a learner’s English vocabulary and if so, does an increased amount of time spent on playing video games correlate to a higher score on the vocabulary tests, and do students who plays video games have an easier time with some of the specific vocabulary? The study found that there is indeed a correlation and that if a student spends time playing video games their English vocabulary proficiency will most likely increase as well. A student who spends more than ten hours a week on playing video games had higher average scores than those who played less than ten hours a week. Incidentally the students who did not play video games at all had the lowest average scores in the vocabulary tests. Lastly students who spent time playing video games had an easier time answering the questions relating to words that are commonly used in video games. / Många olika studier har utförts kring lärandet av engelska utanför klassrummet. Forskare har bland annat undersökt möjliga samband mellan Extramural engelska och ett förbättrat engelskt ordförråd. Sundqvist och Sylvén (2012) visar t.ex. ett samband mellan ord inlärning och dataspel. Om det finns ett direkt samband mellan tid tillbringad framför dataspel och utökat ordförråd är vad som utgör fokusen för denna undersökning. I denna korrelationsstudie utdelades ett demografiskt frågeformulär till 60 elever i årskurs nio. Eleverna frågades om hur regelbundet de spelade dataspel och hur många timmar de spelade varje vecka. Eleverna svarade även på ett vokabulärprov där de fick lösa problem angående engelsk vokabulär. De elever som spenderade tio timmar eller mer per vecka med dataspel hade högsta medelvärde på vokabulärproven. De elever som spelade mindre än tio timmar per vecka hade lägre. Samtidigt hade de elever som inte spenderade någon tid alls på dataspel den lägsta medelvärdes poäng utav grupperna. Studien visar en koppling mellan tid spenderat framför dataspel och ett utökat engelskt ordförråd. Ytterligare undersöks möjliga samband mellan tid spenderat på dataspel och inlärning av engelska ord som ofta används i dataspel. I vokabulär provet som eleverna fick fanns det sex ord som eleverna behövde lösa. Dessa ord är vanliga att hitta inom dataspel. Resultatet visar att de elever som spelade dataspel presterade bättre med de dataspels specifika vokabulärproblemen. De elever som inte spelade alls presterade sämst av grupperna, medan elever som spelade lite dataspel varje vecka presterade sämre än de som spelade mycket dataspel varje vecka.

The present study examines possible effects of extramural English (EE) on oral proficiency (OP) and vocabulary (VOC). The study is based on data collected from Swedish learners of ESL in grade 9 (aged 15-16; N=80; 36 boys, 44 girls) over a period of one year. EE was defined as linguistic activities that learners engage in outside the classroom in their spare time. EE was measured with the help of a questionnaire and two language diaries, each covering one week. In the diaries, the learners recorded how much time they had spent on seven given EE activities (reading books, reading newspapers/magazines, watch­ing TV, watching films, surfing the Internet, playing video games, listening to music). There was also an open category. Speech data were collected with the help of five interactional speaking tests; learners were in random dyads on each occasion. Each student performance was assessed by three raters with the help of a profile scheme, resulting in an overall grade. Based on these grades from the tests, a mean grade for OP (the OP grade) was calculated for each student. OP was defined as the learner’s ability to speak and use the target language in actual communication with an interlocutor. Learners’ VOC was measured with an index variable based on the scores on two written vocabulary tests. For a selection of ten learners, additional analyses were made of oral fluency and the use of advanced vocabulary in speech. A mixed methods research design was used, but the lion’s share of data was analyzed using inferential statistics. Results showed that the total amount of time spent on EE correlated positively and significantly (p &lt; .01) both with learners’ level of OP and size of VOC, but that the correlation between EE and VOC was stronger and more straightforward than the one between EE and OP. The conclusion drawn was that although EE impacts both OP and VOC, the causal relationship is more salient in the case of VOC. Results also showed that some activities were more important than others for OP and VOC respectively; i.e., the type of EE activity mattered. EE activities that required learners to be more productive and rely on their language skills (video games, the Internet, reading) had a greater impact on OP and VOC than activities where learners could remain fairly passive (music, TV, films). An important gender difference was identified. Boys spent significantly more time on productive EE activities than girls; therefore, EE had a greater impact on OP and VOC for boys than for girls. Four background variables were also studied. The conclusion was that EE is an independent variable and a possible path to progress in English for any learner, regard­less of his or her socioeconomic background.

The purpose of this study is to provide additional research on the topic of the relationship between extramural English activities and performance on vocabulary tests among Swedish school learners. Data were collected from English L2 learners in Swedish upper secondary school (English 6 course). A questionnaire about participants extramural English activities was filled in. Participants then took a receptive vocabulary test of 140 items. The participants (N=74) were aged 17, with the exception of one 19-year-old and two 16-year-olds and got divided into two main research groups: gamers and non-gamers. The results from the vocabulary test revealed that gamers had a higher mean score than non-gamers on the test. However, the non-gamers trailed behind with a barely notable distinction. When examining the gamer group more closely, the findings show that participants who spent more time gaming also had the highest scores, compared to lower frequency gamers. Additionally, gamers spend more hours per week on other English-related media (excluding tv-series, movies and gaming) than the non-gamers. This makes it possible to conclude that there is, to some extent, a connection between extramural English activities and better receptive vocabulary. However, while extramural activities influence vocabulary, so does length of instruction in a language. The non-gamers caught up to the gamers, one reason as to why being a result of the length of instruction in English, which may even out large differences between gamers and non-gamers for more advanced learners (Peters, 2018). / Syftet med denna studie är att bidra med ytterligare forskning om ämnet extramurala engelsksaktiviteter och deras inverkan på svenska skolelevers vokabulärinlärning. Data samlades in från elever som har engelska som andrahandsspråk och som gick på gymnasiet (och deltog i engelska 6 kursen). Deltagarnas uppgift var att fylla i ett frågeformulär samt ett engelskt vokabulärtest som bestod av 140 ord. Deltagarna (N = 74) var 17 år gamla, samt en 19-årig elev och två 16-åriga elever, och delades in i två huvudgrupper: spelare (gamers) och icke-spelare (non-gamers). Resultaten från vokabulärtestet avslöjade att spelarna hade ett högre medelvärde än icke-spelare på testet: Dock hade icke-spelarna nästan samma  medelvärde. När man undersöker den gruppen som spelar spel närmare, visar resultaten att deltagare som tillbringade mer tid på spel också hade de högsta poängen jämfört med spelare som spelade mindre frekvent. Dessutom tillbringar spelare i genomsnitt fler timmar per vecka på annan  engelskrelaterad media (exklusive tv-serier, filmer och spel) i genomsnitt än icke-spelarna. Detta gör det möjligt att dra slutsatsen att det i viss utsträckning finns en koppling mellan extramurala engelskaktiviteter och högre ordförrådsförmåga. Peters (2018) slutsats visade att även längden av engelskstudierna kan ha en inverkan på vokabulären och för äldre elever kan möjligen effekten av exempelvis dataspelande jämnas ut desto längre de studerat engelska.