Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6037.pdf: 968767 bytes, checksum: 8fb7f515768cae960495efe96022b1da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-12 / This research has the purpose to analyze the influence of situations in order to deal with mathematics in different social practices. As a specific goal, it investigates the meanings in various school and non-school mathematical practices. Among these purposes there is an analysis about the switch of meanings between one and another practice. The development of this work is based on a review of studies about the exploitation of Mathematics on the day to day problems and in other areas of knowledge that could contribute to the learning of mathematics as a school subject. Considering the idea of mathematics as a social practice, the theoretical framework of the present research has centered on the design of means of structuring and situated learning by Jean Lave. The research follows a naturalistic perspective with ethnographicins piration and uses as a methodological resource the participant observation with a group of elementary school students. The data collected were recorded by the researcher in field activities, through interviews, diaries and field recordings. The activities observed occur inside and outside the school. For the analysis it is considered the resource association between the object and the theoretical framework consisting drawn from Lave s studies. Concerning the results obtained, it is possible to realize the strength of the situation and sometimes, how crucial it is in order to practice math. It stands out especially the prevalence of different meanings in different practices. The present study also promotes questions about the proposal to take the students everyday situations to inside the classroom and therefore, it intermediates my work as a mathematics teacher at elementary schools. / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar a influência das situações no modo de lidar com a matemática em diferentes práticas sociais. Como propósito específico, busca investigar os significados em diferentes práticas matemáticas escolares e não escolares. Destes propósitos decorre uma análise da transferência de significados entre uma prática e outra. O desenvolvimento deste trabalho se apoia em uma revisão bibliográfica de estudos sobre como a exploração da matemática nos problemas do dia a dia e nas demais áreas do conhecimento poderiam contribuir para o aprendizado da matemática escolar. Partindo da ideia da matemática como prática social, a referência teórica da pesquisa tem como eixo central a concepção de meios de estruturação e aprendizagem situada de Jean Lave. A pesquisa segue uma perspectiva naturalística com inspiração etnográfica e usa como recurso metodológico a observação participante com um grupo de estudantes do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram constituídos pela pesquisadora em atividades de campo, por meio de entrevistas, diários de campo e gravações. As atividades observadas ocorrem dentro e fora da escola. Para a análise é considerado o recurso de associação entre o objeto constituído e o referencial teórico elaborado a partir dos estudos de Lave. Dos resultados obtidos, é possível perceber a força da situação e, por vezes, como ela é determinante no modo de se praticar matemática. Destaca-se, sobretudo a prevalência de diferentes significados em práticas distintas. O presente estudo também promove questionamentos acerca da proposta de se levar as situações do cotidiano do aluno para a sala de aula e com isso, intervém na minha atuação como professora de matemática do ensino fundamental.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-23T14:01:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 willianjosedacruz.pdf: 5165704 bytes, checksum: 494d07f969a44ae41c762d7617ed44a5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T14:34:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 willianjosedacruz.pdf: 5165704 bytes, checksum: 494d07f969a44ae41c762d7617ed44a5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T14:34:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 willianjosedacruz.pdf: 5165704 bytes, checksum: 494d07f969a44ae41c762d7617ed44a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-23T14:34:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 willianjosedacruz.pdf: 5165704 bytes, checksum: 494d07f969a44ae41c762d7617ed44a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Com a percepção que distingue a matemática escolar em vários aspectos da matemática científica, esta pesquisa propõe uma aproximação entre essas duas formas conceituais, no que discute o entender e fazer matemática, perpassando pelas ideias que diferenciam cada uma delas. Ainda que num tratamento formal na apresentação dos Números Reais, serão apontadas possíveis consequências e aplicações desta apresentação nas séries finais do ensino fundamental e do ensino médio. Esta pesquisa também é uma tentativa de iniciar uma reflexão, a partir dos Números Reais, que possa permitir uma mudança na forma de trabalho com a disciplina Análise Real, nos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática, diminuindo a dicotomia entre a formação matemática do professor e sua prática docente. / With the perception that distinguishes school mathematics in various scientific aspects of mathematics, this research proposes a rapprochement between these two conceptual ways in which discusses the understanding and doing mathematics, passing by the ideas that distinguish each one. Although a formal treatment in the presentation of real numbers, will be pointed out the possible consequences and applications of this presentation in the final grades of elementary school and high school. This research is also an attempt to initiate a reflection from the real numbers, that would enable a shift in the discipline of working with Real Analysis courses in Mathematics, reducing the dichotomy between mathematics teacher education and practice teacher.

Our paper presents some preliminary observation from a collaborative exploratory study linking mathematics, science and reading within a technology enhanced problem-based learning scenario conducted at one French Canadian Elementary and Middle School. Presented in a form of dialogue between teacher and researcher, our findings give some meaningful insight in how an innovative mathematics teaching can be developed and implemented using a real-world problem solving. Instead of a traditional presentation of material about lighting up homes, participating mathematics, science and French teachers were working collaboratively with the ICT integration mentor and two university professors helping students investigate a problem from various perspectives using a variety of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, discussing and sharing the finding with peers and presenting them to a larger audience using media tools. Our preliminary results may prompt further investigation of how innovation in teaching and learning can help students become better critical thinkers and scientifically empowered citizens.

The author shares some of the findings of the research he conducted in 2007 on grade 11 mathematics learners in two schools, one experimental and the other one control. In his study, the author claims that an open-ended approach towards teaching and learning of mathematics enhances understanding of mathematics by the learners. The outcomes of the study can be summarised as follows: 1. In the experimental school, where the author intervened by introducing an open-ended approach to teaching mathematics (by means of giving the learners an open-ended approach compliant worksheet to work on throughout the intervention period), the performance of the learners in the post-test was better than that of the learners from the control school. Both schools were of similar performance in the pre-test. The two schools wrote the same pre-test and same post-test. Both schools were following common work schedule. 2. Within the experimental school, post-test performance of the learners in the class where the intervention was monitored throughout the intervention period (thus ensuring compliance of the teacher to the open-ended approach) out-performed those in which monitoring was less frequent. 3. There was no significant difference in performance between learners from the unmonitored experimental class and those from the control class.

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In this study, senior certificate (standard 10) pupils' attainment of the cognitive and affective aims and objectives of the senior certificate mathematics curriculum was investigated. With regard to the attainment of the cognitive objectives and aims, senior certificate pupils' performance in their mathematics examination, in terms of three broad categories of cognitive abilities (lower level, middle level and higher level mathematical abilities) was analysed and examined. As no norms (criteria) for mathematical attainment in respect of these three categories of cognitive abilities could be identified, these norms had to be firstly developed by the researcher. However, suitable standardised scales were identified and administered to determine senior certificate pupils' attainment of the affective aims and objectives (attitude towards and interest in mathematics). Besides the quantitative analysis, qualitative assessments of senior certificate pupils' attainment of the cognitive and affective aims and objectives were also made using information obtained, by way of a questionnaire, from teachers of senior certificate mathematics classes. The main findings that emerged from this investigation were: * The senior certificate pupils are attaining the desired proficiency levels in the cognitive objectives and aims of the senior certificate mathematics curriculum. However, these pupils are not adequately attaining the affective aims and objectives of the mathematics curriculum. * Qualitative information elicited from senior certificate teachers of mathematics tends to support the above findings which were obtained from the quantitative analysis. * There is a need for curriculum development in certain areas of the senior certificate mathematics curriculum, particularly in Euclidean geometry, for standard grade pupils. In terms of the general findings, certain recommendations were also formulated. In several ways, the present research is a pioneering effort in evaluating the efficacy of the cognitive and affective aims and objectives of the senior certificate mathematics curriculum. It is hoped that this study will serve as a catalyst for future research. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)